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Elsevier

Books in Chemical engineering

The Chemical Engineering collection offers content that combines research with foundational knowledge, practical information, methods and case studies, in a variety of areas, including biochemical engineering, catalysis, filtration & separation, colloids & surface chemistry, electrochemical engineering, energy & transport processes, materials chemistry, metallurgy, process engineering, safety & reliability, sustainable & environmental, to help chemical engineers address the challenges we face today, including climate change, global warming, health and nutrition, and alternative energy.

  • Analytical Methods for Coal and Coal Products

    • 1st Edition
    • Clarence Jr. Karr
    • English
    Analytical Methods for Coal and Coal Products, Volume I presents the analytical problems and methods for coal and its numerous products. This book discusses the technological importance of the measurement of the physical properties of coal. Organized into four parts encompassing 19 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the petrographic analysis of coal wherein it involves two distinctive methods, namely, the reflected light and the transmitted light techniques. This text then discusses the means and methods of reflectance determination and proceeds to outline some of the results obtained and conclusions derived from them about the nature of coal. Other chapters explain the mechanical properties of coal, which are measured in order to predict its behavior in coal mines, coal winning, coal storage, coal comminution, coal handling, briquetting and agglomeration, and several other situations. The final chapter deals with the characterization of the liquid products of coal conversion. This book is a valuable resource for engineers, scientists, chemists, and researchers.

  • Maize

    Recent Progress in Chemistry and Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • George Inglett
    • English
    Maize: Recent Progress in Chemistry and Technology covers the proceedings of a symposium on the progress in chemistry and technology of maize. The symposium is held at the Seventh World Cereal and Bread Congress in Prague, Czechoslovakia on June 28–July 2, 1982. This book is composed of 16 chapters that focus on considerable progress in the composition and processing of maize. This text initially covers the composition of lipids in maize starches and the hemicelluloses content of corn seed. It goes on discussing corn bran as a source of dietary fiber; extrusion cooking of corn flours and starches; and use of debranching enzymes in dextrose production. Other chapters examine the effect of composition and structure of maize on double enzyme processing; the utilization of maize flour in breadmaking; the energy preservation in maize drying; and the drying conditions related to wet-milling of maize. A chapter also examines the biochemical and microbiological changes in stored maize. Moreover, this book also describes the effect of mycotoxin contamination in the maize field. Finally, moisture determinations in maize and maize germ flour prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction are considered. This book will be a useful reference for students, scientists, technologists, and manufacturers who are involved in any facet of maize production and utilization.

  • Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers V1

    • 1st Edition
    • C. Bradley Moore
    • English
    Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers aims to give a general introduction to as well as an evaluation of the successful application of lasers in various areas, especially in the fields of chemistry and biochemistry. The book begins with a basic knowledge of general laser physics and the types of lasers, then moves on to more specific topics that include the Raman spectra of biological materials; laser spectroscopy of gas phase ions; and optical analogs of magnetic spectroscopy. The text also discusses the molecular beams; the energy flow in polyatomic molecules; and the different properties of molecules in relation to electronical excitation and quasi-electric light scattering. Studies of different chemical reactions are also included. The text is recommended for chemists, biochemists, and chemical physicists who want to know more about lasers and its applications to their respective fields. The book will also be helpful for those concerned with the chemical reactions lasers can bring about and for those who want to conduct further studies regarding laser uses.

  • The Analysis and Control of Less Desirable Flavors in Foods and Beverages

    • 1st Edition
    • George Charalambous
    • English
    The Analysis and Control of Less Desirable Flavors in Foods and Beverages contains the proceedings of a symposium held in August 1980 at the Second Chemical Congress of the North American Continent under the auspices of the Agricultural and Food Chemistry Division of American Chemical Society. The papers explore advances in the analysis and control or prevention of less desirable taste and aroma factors in foods and beverages such as fish and shellfish, meat, cheese, soy proteins, corn syrup, water, citrus juices, milk, and beer. This book is comprised of 15 chapters and begins with a review of advances in the separation of volatile components, particularly with respect to gas chromatography. The reader is then introduced to methods and procedures for analysis and control of less desirable flavors in fish and shellfish, meat, cheese, corn syrup, soy proteins, citrus juices, milk, beer, and wine. The analysis and control of taste and odor of public water supplies which are used commonly for food processing and manufacture are also considered. Furthermore, the techniques used to minimize, remove, or mask the bitter flavor that arises unintentionally during enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins are described. This monograph will be a useful resource for students, chemists, and food technologists, as well as growers, processors, fabricated food and beverage manufacturers, brewers, wine makers, distillers, and consumers.

  • Metabolism of Sulfur Compounds

    • 3rd Edition
    • David Greenberg
    • English
    Metabolic Pathways, Third Edition: Volume VII: Metabolism of Sulfur Compounds deals with various aspects of the metabolism and biosynthesis of sulfur compounds such as coenzyme A, biotin, thiamine, and lipoic acid. The biochemistry of glutathione and the sulfur cycle is also discussed, together with sulfate activation and transfer; oxidative metabolism of cysteine and cystine in animal tissues; and enzyme defects in sulfur amino acid metabolism in humans. This volume is comprised of 15 chapters and begins with a discussion on the pathways of biosynthesis and dissimilation of coenzyme A, as well as the metabolic fate of exogenous coenzyme A in animals. The reader is then introduced to the chemistry, biosynthesis, metabolism, biological role, and biodegradation of biotin; the biosynthesis and function of thiamine; and the biosynthesis, dissimilation, and metabolic role of lipoic acid. Other sulfur compounds considered in this text are glutathione, cysteine and cystine, riboflavin, thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase, and methionine. The final chapter is devoted to human diseases associated with enzyme defects in sulfur amino acid metabolism. This book will be a useful resource for biologists and biochemists.

  • Modern Developments in Heat Transfer

    • 1st Edition
    • Warren Ibele
    • English
    Modern Developments in Heat Transfer provides information pertinent to heat transfer investigation, including convective heat transfer, radiation heat transfer, as well as heat and mass transfer. This book examines the aspects and properties of high temperature heat transfer. Organized into 14 chapters, this book starts with an overview of noncircular duct heat transfer in a wide range of engineering applications from automobile radiators to nuclear power plants. This text then examines the differences between circular and noncircular duct flows. Other chapters describe energy transport by radiation wherein photons, as energy carriers, are released from molecules of the radiating body and travel on straight lines until they are scattered or absorbed by other atoms or molecules. This book discusses as well the process of evaporation, which results in the conversion of a liquid into a vapor. The final chapter deals with plasma dynamics and its features. Physicists, chemists, mathematicians, and engineers will find this book extremely useful.

  • Gas Fluidization

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 8
    • M. Pell
    • English
    This book is a much-needed fluidization handbook for practising engineers. There are few plants which do not have a fluid bed process operating somewhere on the site, yet engineers rarely have any formal training in the subject. College courses often emphasize academic issues rather than industrial needs, and a study of the literature reveals an overwhelming abundance of correlations and experimental data.As this is a practical book, the author has minimized theoretical development of fundamental equations in favor of giving correlations which have been developed for large scale equipment. In some cases, where several correlations might apply, the author has chosen one or two which work best according to his own experience. Design procedures are described which should assist the designer and the operator of fluid beds to improve his process and to avoid some often-encountered pitfalls. The material will also be useful as a supplementary text to a course on fluidization, the emphasis on commercial design being a stimulating counterpoint to a strongly academic viewpoint.

  • Hazard Assessment of Chemicals

    Current Departments
    • 1st Edition
    • Jitendra Saxena
    • English
    Hazard Assessment of Chemicals: Current Developments, Volume 1 is a comprehensive and authoritative account of major developments in hazard assessment of chemicals. In addition to subject reviews, this volume contains case histories of topical chemicals and/or chemical classes in order to show examples of the applications of available methods and approaches for evaluating chemicals. Primary and secondary sources of information on chemicals are considered, along with the environmental and health hazards associated with chemicals. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with an assessment of information sources on toxic substances, followed by a discussion on pre-concentration of trace metals from aquatic environmental samples. Subsequent chapters focus on the reproductive toxicology of aquatic contaminants; partition coefficient and water solubility in environmental chemistry; in vitro metabolism and activation of chemical carcinogens; and modeling of toxic spills into waterways. Estimation of exposure to hazardous chemicals is also described, along with structure-activity relationships in hazard assessment. The final chapter presents a case study of azaarenes, with emphasis on their sources, distribution, environmental impact, and health effects. This book will be of interest to toxicologists, chemists, and environmental and public health officials.

  • A Biochemical Phylogeny of the Protists

    • 1st Edition
    • Mark Ragan
    • English
    A Biochemical Phylogeny of the Protists covers a wide variety of biochemical characters and their usefulness in phylogenetics. This book is composed of 13 chapters that describe the methods of deducing phylogenies of protists from biochemical data. Protists are morphologically simple forms of life, including bacteria, fungi, many algae, protozoa, and sponges. The first chapters deal with the biochemistry, evolution, and phylogenetics of the protists. The subsequent chapters explore the DNA and RNA structure and the protein and enzyme content of some protists. Considerable chapters describe the various metabolic pathways in the protists. The remaining chapters other biochemical processes, including sulfate reduction, nitrogen utilization, and carbon monoxide production. These chapters also provide a summary of numerous research studies biochemical phylogeny. This book will prove useful to biochemists, microbiologists, researchers, and students.

  • Biochemical Actions of Hormones V1

    • 1st Edition
    • Gerald Litwack
    • English
    Biochemical Actions of Hormones, Volume I explores the significant developments toward understanding the primary effects of hormones in cellular receptors at the molecular level. This book is composed of 12 chapters that survey the molecular and biochemical approaches bearing on the problem of hormone mechanism. The opening chapters discuss the thyroid hormonal responses during metamorphic process in Amphibia; the primary role of hormones in biochemical differentiation; the influence of hormones on protein synthesis and the importance of protein synthesis mechanism; and the biochemical rhythms within the pineal gland and the rhythm in hepatic tyrosine transaminase activity. The subsequent chapters examine the effects of a number of hormones on transport systems in the cell membranes, the protein interaction with steroids, and the influence of insulin on protein and nucleic acid metabolism. The remaining five chapters deal with the physiology, mechanism of action, and biological effects of various hormones, such as mineralocorticoids, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, thyrotropin, and plant hormones. This book is an invaluable source for endocrinologists.

  • Ring-Forming Polymerizations Pt B 1

    Heterocyclic Rings
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Cotter
    • English
    Ring-Forming Polymerizations, Part B, 1: Heterocyclic Rings presents a comprehensive review and compilation of ring-forming polymerization reactions that proceed with the formation of heterocyclic rings. Emphasis is placed on polymerizations leading to linear, high molecular weight products. This book is comprised of three chapters and begins with a discussion on polymerizations that result in the formation of a multiple bond containing at least one heteroatom. The condensation of amines with carbonyl compounds to yield poly(Schiff bases) and related polymers is examined, along with other carbon-nitrogen double bond-forming polymerizations. The next chapter is devoted to the polymerization of rings containing two carbon atoms, including the polymerization of polyphenols with diboronic acids and that of diisocyanides with triorganoborons. The last chapter describes the polymerization of rings containing three carbon atoms, with particular reference to polyisoxazoles and related polymers, polythiazoles, polyimidazoles and related polymers, polypyrazoles, and polytriazines. This monograph will be of interest to polymer and organic chemists and others who are concerned with the polymer chemistry of living systems.

  • Computers in Chemical and Biochemical Research V2

    • 1st Edition
    • C.E. Klopfenstein
    • English
    Computers in Chemical and Biochemical Research, Volume 2, provides a suitable medium permitting communication of important results of workers in computer-assisted chemistry. The present volume complements its predecessor and includes reviews and original articles about a variety of topics not dealt with earlier. The scope of the series is broad and the articles are designed to provide coverage of state-of-the-art advances and to prevent wasteful duplications of effort. The book contains seven chapters and opens with a survey of the field of pattern recognition in chemistry along with past and future directions. This is followed by separate chapters covering an on-line graphics system as a teaching aid in physical chemistry; financial and hardware analysis and specifications of laboratory minicomputer systems; and the use of these principles in the automation of a clinical laboratory. Subsequent chapters deal with the use of new technology in automation of two specific types of experimental apparatus; and computer automation in gas-liquid chromatography.

  • The Cannabinoids: Chemical, Pharmacologic, and Therapeutic Aspects

    • 1st Edition
    • Stig Agurell
    • English
    The Cannabinoids: Chemical, Pharmacologic, and Therapeutic Aspects provides a comprehensive discussion of the various aspects of cannabis and its constituents. The book is organized into six sections. Section I covers the clinical aspects of cannabis including the health aspects, impact on memory function, and the characteristics and treatment of marijuana abusers. Section II on chemical aspects includes studies on the chemistry and structure-activity relationships of cannabinoids; smoking characteristics of marijuana cigarettes; and developments in cannabinoid analyses of body fluids. Section III on metabolic and pharmacokinetic aspects includes studies on the metabolism, disposition, and pharmacokinetics of delta-9-tetrahydroca... (THC) in men and women; single dose kinetics of cannabidiol in man; and distribution and disposition of THC in different tissues of the rat. Section IV on reproductive aspects include studies on the effects of chronic administration of THC on the early embryonic development of mice; effects of cannabinoids on spermatogenesis in mice; and possible mechanism for the cellular effects of marijuana on male reproductive function. Section V on neuropharmacologic aspects includes studies on the discriminative stimulus properties of THC and the effects of cannabinoids on neurotransmitter receptors in the brain. Section VI on therapeutic aspects includes studies such as the possible anxiolytic effects of cannabidiol; tetrahydrocannabinol effects on extrapyramidal motor behaviors in Parkinson's disease; and the use of cannabinoids in glaucoma.

  • An Introduction to Coal Technology

    • 1st Edition
    • N. Berkowitz
    • English
    An Introduction to Coal Technology provides an overview explaining what coal is, how it came into being, what its principal physical and chemical properties are, and how it is handled or processed for particular end uses. This book is divided into two parts; the first of which focuses on coal science and the second on technology. This volume is organized into 15 chapters and begins with a brief account of the origin, formation, and distribution of coal, along with its composition, classification, and most important properties. It then turns to beneficiation and handling; combustion; and various partial or complete conversion technologies. The final chapter deals with some aspects of pollution and pollution control. This book provides fairly detailed discussions on coal chemistry, including the molecular structure of coal. The challenges and limitations of coal technology are also considered. This book is intended for scientists and engineers who are active in other fields, but who might want to bring coal within the orbit of their interests, and to advanced students of chemical and mineral engineering who are contemplating careers in coal-related endeavors.

  • Biochemical and Clinical Aspects of Neuropeptides Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Structure

    • 1st Edition
    • Gebhard Koch
    • English
    Biochemical and Clinical Aspects of Neuropeptides: Synthesis, Processing, and Gene Structure covers the proceedings of the Fifth Conference on Macromolecular Synthesis: Biochemical and Clinical Aspects of Neuropeptides, held in Blankenese, Hamburg, Germany. This book is composed of seven parts encompassing 23 chapters, and begins with an introduction of the proteolytic mechanisms involved in proprotein processing, their intracellular localization, and their roles in generating a diverse assortment of secreted products in a variety of neuroendocrine cells. Part I describes the structure, synthesis, biochemical aspects, gene expression, and receptor selectivity of opioid peptides. Parts II and III focus on the isolation, structure, function, and genetic linkage of neuropeptides. The remaining parts explore the posttranslational processing, regulation, metabolism, biosynthesis, and gene expression of these neuropeptides, with a particular emphasis on their triggering mechanism and the control of release. Biochemists, neurologists, geneticists, and clinicians will greatly appreciate this book.

  • Porous Media

    Fluid Transport and Pore Structure
    • 2nd Edition
    • F. A.L. Dullien
    • Howard Brenner
    • English
    This book examines the relationship between transport properties and pore structure of porous material. Models of pore structure are presented with a discussion of how such models can be used to predict the transport properties of porous media. Portions of the book are devoted to interpretations of experimental results in this area and directions for future research. Practical applications are given where applicable, and are expected to be useful for a large number of different fields, including reservoir engineering, geology, hydrogeology, soil science, chemical process engineering, biomedical engineering, fuel technology, hydrometallurgy, nuclear reactor technology, and materials science.

  • Chemisorption And Reactions On Metallic Films V1

    • 1st Edition
    • J Anderson
    • English
    Chemisorption and Reactions on Metallic Films, Volume 1 is a six-chapter text that describes the role of evaporated metal films in advancing the understanding of the metal-gas interface chemistry. Chapter 1 presents electron microscopy and diffraction studies and their contributions in elucidating the growth and structure of polycrystalline and epitaxially grown films. Chapter 2 describes the techniques of preparation and characterization of metallic films and examines the heats of adsorption, electrical conductivity, surface area, and sticking probabilities of such films. Chapter 3 discusses the strength of pairwise interactions; the influence of the intermetallic bond on the equilibrium shape of metal crystallites; the bonding of individual metal atoms to different crystallographic planes; the interaction of metal atoms and crystallites with non-conducting substrates; and the effects of residual gases on this interaction. Chapters 4 and 5 address the adsorption of metallic films, with an emphasis on general trends in adsorptive and electronic properties of bulk metals. These chapters also discuss the effects of adsorption on the electrical conductance of island-like and coherent films and on the ferromagnetic properties of films. Chapter 6 evaluates the application of infrared spectroscopy to the studies of the surfaces of metal films and the use of the available infrared spectroscopic data in reconciling the results of adsorption studies on oxide-supported metal particles with those obtained with clean evaporated metal films prepared under ultra high vacuum conditions. Research scientists and graduate students who are interested in the fundamentals of adsorption and catalysis will find this volume invaluable.

  • Fine Particles

    Aerosol Generation, Measurement, Sampling, and Analysis
    • 1st Edition
    • Benjamin Y.H. Liu
    • English
    Fine Particles: Aerosol Generation, Measurement, Sampling, and Analysis is a collection of technical papers presented at the Symposium on Fine Particles held in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on May 28-30, 1975. The symposium aims to explore the developments in instrumentation and experimental techniques for aerosol studies. This book is organized into four parts encompassing 34 chapters that focus on fine particles below about 3.5 µm in diameter. Part I presents the research and development in Europe and Japan on fine particles and aerosols, as well as the aerosol standards development work at the Particle Technology Laboratory, University of Minnesota. This part also includes calibration studies on condensation nuclei counters and the diffusion battery. Significant chapters in Part II are devoted to the common techniques for generation of aerosols of various sizes, from fine particles to monodisperse aerosols. This part further looks into the equipment limitations and problems in producing fine particle aerosols for life testing air cleaning systems and for weather modification experimentation. Part III describes the techniques and equipment used for size-selective aerosol sampling in terms of the design principles applied, the correspondence between design and performance of specific samplers, their applicability to field conditions, and their ability to satisfy sampler acceptance criteria. Part IV deals first with the methods for determination of aerosol properties, including their optical, electrical, and spectral properties. Other chapters examine the principles, mode of operation, and application of processes and instruments for aerosol studies.

  • Automated Stream Analysis for Process Control V1

    • 1st Edition
    • Dan Manka
    • English
    Automated Stream Analysis for Process Control, Volume 1 provides information pertinent to stream analyzers and its elements, including the system, construction, control, and operation. This book examines the results of the analysis, which must be used properly by the computer in order to regulate the process controls so that the process stream will obtain its ultimate goal. Organized into 12 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the uses of liquid flow-injection analytical devices in process control applications within the chemical production plant. This text then examines the initial two techniques, namely, ion chromatography and ion exclusion chromatography that are used to analyze over 90 varieties of ions down to part-per-billion in aqueous streams in laboratory applications in academic, government, and industrial laboratories. Other chapters consider monitoring of gas streams generated from process development units. Chemists, chemical engineers, analytical chemists, as well as laboratory and plant managers will find this book extremely useful.

  • Biochemical Approaches to Aging

    • 1st Edition
    • Morton Rothstein
    • English
    Biochemical Approaches to Aging covers the significant research studies on the biochemical aspects of aging. This book is composed of 11 chapters that consider several factors that affect cellular aging. The opening chapters present some model systems for the study of aging using different species, including mammals, nematodes, insects, and protozoa. The succeeding chapters deal with the role of free radical formation, lipid peroxidation, membranes, mitochondria, microsomes, and lysosomes in aging. These topics are followed by discussions of the DNA and RNA changes during aging; the mechanism of protein metabolism; and the alternation of proteins and enzymes. The concluding chapters examine the effect of aging on hormonal interaction and the biochemical effects of nutrition in aging. This book will prove useful to gerontologists, cell and molecular biologists, and researchers.

  • Poly (Ethylene Oxide)

    • 1st Edition
    • F.E. Jr. Bailey
    • English
    Poly (ethylene oxide) discusses the molecular characteristics of a crystalline, thermoplastic, water-soluble polymer. The book presents the preparation of ethylene oxide; the synthesis of high and low molecular weight polymer; and the complexes with acrylic and methacrylic acid polymers. The text describes the radiation crosslinking of solutions and discusses the electrical conduction of saturated organic polymers. Another topic of interest is the surface tension and density of polyethylene glycol. The section that follows describes the reactivity and comonomer structure of copolymers. The book will provide valuable insights for chemists, students, and researchers in the field of organic chemistry.

  • Corrosion Guide

    • 2nd Edition
    • E. Rabald
    • English
    Corrosion Guide presents a list of corrosive agents and the trade names of materials, including metallic and non-metallic materials as well as alloys. The book provides guidance in using the tabulated information. This reference also lists relevant publications that deal with the properties of various materials. This new edition provides more data that are not included in the previous edition. The former edition fails to present enough information as the provided properties of the corrosive agents varies and other data are not available. The release aims to minimize missing information about the subject matter. This compilation of tabulated data provides description of each group of corrosive agents. Elements and compounds under each group are listed, along with their properties such as room temperature, corrosion rate, and composition. The list of trade names of materials also describes the composition of each material. The information contained in this book is intended to help practicing engineers deal with corrosion.

  • The Elements of Polymer Science and Engineering

    An Introductory Text for Engineers and Chemists
    • 1st Edition
    • Alfred Rudin
    • English
    This introductory text is intended as the basis for a two or three semester course in synthetic macromolecules. It can also serve as a self-instruction guide for engineers and scientists without formal training in the subject who find themselves working with polymers. For this reason, the material covered begins with basic concepts and proceeds to current practice, where appropriate.

  • Colloidal Gold

    Principles, Methods, and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • English
    Since its introduction in 1971, the development and application of colloidal gold as a marker in electron microscopy has been phenomenal. This state-of-the art, multi-volume treatise provides researchers, technicians, teachers, and students with the most comprehensive coverage of the principles and methodology of colloidal gold microscopy available today. Colloidal gold allows high and low resolution studies, enzyme and nucleic acid labeling, study of dynamic cellular processes, and virus detection. This third volume completes Hayat's coverage of the principles and methodology of colloidal gold in microscopy. The three-volume set should become the standard reference in the field.

  • Adsorptive Bubble Separation Techniques

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Lemlich
    • English
    Adsorptive Bubble Separation Techniques focuses on the mechanisms of the various adsorptive bubble separation methods. This book examines the various adsorptive bubble separation techniques, including ion flotation, foam fractionation, precipitate flotation, mineral flotation, bubble fractionation, and solvent sublation. Organized into 20 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the certain important properties of foam. This text then examines the results of several separations, as well as the results of additional studies into the mechanisms of the different techniques. Other chapters explain the studies of foam separation in the case of synthetic solutions, which provide a good knowledge of the extraction mechanisms of the radioactive cations, cesium, cerium, and strontium. This book discusses as well the experimental and theoretical work on foam separation done in Israel. The final chapter deals with the separation of surfactants and metallic ions at various places around the world. This book is a valuable resource for materials scientists, engineers, and chemists.

  • Microemulsions Theory and Practice

    • 1st Edition
    • Leon Prince
    • English
    Microemulsions: Theory and Practice covers the development of the theory and practice of microemulsion systems. This book is divided into seven chapters that explore the physics and chemistry of microemulsions. This book deals first with the commercial history of microemulsions, from the discovery of carnauba wax emulsions to polymer emulsions. This topic is followed by discussions on the theoretical aspects of microemulsion formulation techniques and the design of other products. The subsequent chapter describes the microemulsion formulation with less solubilizer or emulsifier together with their optical properties. A chapter examines the mixed film theory that explains the dispersions, oil-water interface, and inferences in microemulsions. Another chapter considers the role of microemulsions in micellar solutions and their relations to the concentrations of different compounds. This chapter also looks into the association phenomena of three-component phase equilibria diagrams and liquids crystals to microemulsions. The concluding chapter discusses the role of the capillary and hydrostatic forces on the entrapment of oil in the reservoir and the necessary conditions for the displacement of entrapped oil. The important properties and economic aspects of a microemulsion slug required for the tertiary oil recovery are also covered in this chapter.

  • Mechanisms of Saccharide Polymerization and Depolymerization

    • 1st Edition
    • J Marshall
    • English
    Mechanisms of Saccharide Polymerization and Depolymerization focuses on the role that various enzymes connected with sucrose play in controlling its concentration in the plant cell. This book discusses the reactions involved in the formation of lipid-linked saccharides. Organized into 30 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the effect of amphomycin on the transfer of radioactivity from mannosyl-phosphoryl-... to lipid-linked oligosaccharides and from lipid-linked oligosaccharides to glycoproteins. This text then presents the properties of sucrose synthetase and sucrose phosphate synthetase. Other chapters consider the mechanism for the acceptor reactions of dextransucrase. This book discusses as well the factors involved in the digestion of raw starch by black Aspergillus amylase and other fungal enzymes with strong raw starch digesting activity. The final chapter describes the reaction between reducing sugars and amino compounds whereby it is usually termed the Maillard reaction. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, biophysicists, microbiologists, and pharmacologists.

  • Biochemical and Structural Dynamics of the Cell Nucleus

    • 1st Edition
    • Eugenia Wang
    • English
    Biochemical and Structural Dynamics of the Cell Nucleus is a collection of papers dealing with the biology of the cell nucleus. The collection describes the methods used in isolating and defining the chemistry and functional interactions of the nuclear components. Some papers also discuss the diversity of the roles that these components play in regulating cellular phenotypes, differentiation, and proliferation. One paper discusses the possible role for lamin A in muscle differentiations, where due to its presence and the appearance of A-type lamins during the differentiation of a number of cell types, lamin A or any of its isoelectric variants cannot specifically be responsible for the induction of muscle specific gene expression. The work of Loewinger and McKeon (1988) can show evidence of the role for lamin A in the differential expression of muscle-specific genes during the process of myogenesis if the investigator uses an alternative method. Several papers also discuss the dynamics of assembly and disassembly of the nuclear lamina and envelope, DNA- and RNA-binding proteins, as well as the nucleocytoplasmic transport. The collection can prove valuable to biochemists, cellular biologists, microbiologists, and molecular biologists.

  • Chemisorption And Reactions On Metallic Films V2

    • 1st Edition
    • J Anderson
    • English
    Chemisorption and Reactions on Metallic Films, Volume 2 is a four-chapter text that describes the role of evaporated metal films in advancing the understanding of the metal-gas interface chemistry and in understanding of adsorption and catalysis at metal surfaces. This volume first describes film structure and properties, particularly of random polycrystalline films, as well as the concepts of the adsorption and kinetic phenomena. The topic is followed by an overview of the main classes of catalytic reactions that have been studied over evaporated metal film catalysts. A chapter explores the preparation, characterization, structure, and surface properties of alloy films. The theory of the oxidation of metals and the advantages and disadvantages of using thin metal films in oxidation work are considered in the concluding chapter, along with a brief discussion on their use in kinetic and mechanistic studies. Research scientists and graduate students who are interested in the fundamentals of adsorption and catalysis will find this volume invaluable.

  • Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers V3

    • 1st Edition
    • C. Bradley Moore
    • English
    Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers, Volume III presents the fundamental principles and methods of selective photophysical and photochemical processes. The book discusses isotopic separations and related research for each eight classes of laser methods, and their applications in chemistry, biology, and materials science. The experimental results on multiphoton infrared processes and their theoretical interpretation are likewise thoroughly discussed and described. Organic and inorganic chemists, physical chemists, and optical physicists will find the text a valuable reference material.

  • Biotechnology in Invertebrate Pathology and Cell Culture

    • 1st Edition
    • Karl Karamorosch
    • English
    Biotechnology in Invertebrate Pathology and Cell Culture provides information pertinent to genetically manipulated microbial and viral agents, which will benefit those who are interested in the development and uses of pathogens of invertebrates. This book discusses several topics, including fusion of invertebrate cells, safety of viral insecticides, and potential hazards of biocontrol agents. Organized into five parts encompassing 30 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the selection of effective strains and describes the microbial control in sericultural countries. This text then discusses the differences in crystal composition and toxicity of various subspecies, as well as the sporulation-dependen... production of the crystal proteins. Other chapters explore the applications of genetically engineered organisms to biological pest control and discuss the intriguing medical applications through the utilization of invertebrate cell culture and baculoviruses. The final chapter explains the application of biotechnology to insect pathology to increase agricultural productivity. This book is a valuable resource for microbiologists, geneticists, entomologists, parasitologists, virologists, medical researchers, biocontrol researchers, and graduate students.

  • Control Methods in Polymer Processing

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 10
    • L. Halász
    • English
    This book discusses the process theories and automation levels of the most important polymer processes which are necessary to achieve product quality and process economy. The book describes mixing, calendering, screw plastications, sheet and tube extrusion, film blowing, blow moulding and injection moulding. The control methods employed for each of these individual processes are presented in detail. The book is designed to provide information on static and dynamic processes and viable control systems.

  • Marine Natural Products V1

    Chemical And Biological Perspectives
    • 1st Edition
    • Poul Schever
    • English
    Marine Natural Products: Chemical and Biological Perspectives, Volume I, reviews the state of knowledge in the chemistry and biology of marine natural products. It brings together critical reviews and new perspectives for the marine research community. The book's opening chapter discusses the isolation, distribution, chemistry, pharmacology, and public health aspects of dinoflagellate toxins. This is followed by separate chapters on algal nonisoprenoids, algal sesquiterpenoids, terpenoids from marine sponges, and uncommon marine steroids.

  • Biochemical Aspects of Plant-Parasite Relationships

    Proceedings of The Phytochemical Society Symposium University of Hull, England April, 1975
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Friend
    • English
    Biochemical Aspects of Plant-Parasite Relationships is a collection of papers from the Phytochemical Society Symposium of the same subject held at Hull in April 1975. This collection discusses biochemical research on the mechanisms involved in the invasion of plants by pathogens, the production of disease symptoms, and the mechanisms occurring in plant resistance against the invading microorganisms. Some papers discuss the genetics of fungal-plant interactions and the structural features of both infection and resistance processes, Such genetic interactions and structural features point to a biochemical reason for the plant-parasite interaction. Several attempts to correlate production of a cell wall degrading enzyme in vitro by a pathogen's virulence have shown great differences between in vitro and in vivo environments. One paper cites as an example the pathogens which produce both pectic hydrolases and lyases: the type of enzyme that is found to predominate often is actually associated with the pH of the environment. One paper also investigates nucleic acid transfer and the possible role of RNA in the host-parasite specificity. This collection can prove beneficial for microbiologists, biochemists, biotechnologists, plant biologists, and academicians connected with the biological sciences.

  • Atomic and Molecular Processes

    • 1st Edition
    • D.R. Bates
    • English
    Atomic and Molecular Processes describes radiative and collisional processes involving atoms or molecules. Organized into 21 chapters, this book emphasizes the developments in these processes stimulated by the growth of interest in space science, astrophysics, and plasma physics. The book initially discusses the general theory of magnetic dipole and electric quadrupole radiation and the calculations and observations on individual atoms, as well as the forbidden transitions. The text then explores general topics on forbidden and allowed lines and bands; photoionization; photodetachment; recombination and attachment; elastic and inelastic scattering of electron; and energy loss by slow electrons. Discussions on collision broadening of spectral features and encounters between atomic systems including range, energy loss, excitation, ionization, detachment, charge transfer, elastic scattering, mobility, diffusion, relaxation in gases, and chemical reactions are provided in other chapters. A chapter is devoted to the use of high-temperature shock waves, and accounts of other main experimental methods are given.

  • Chemical and Biochemical Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Pierre Laszlo
    • English
    NMR of Newly Accessible Nuclei, Volume 1: Chemical and Biochemical Applications is a 10-chapter text that explores the properties, advantages, developments, and chemical and biochemical applications of NMR technique. This book describes first the operation of an NMR spectrometer under its two aspects, namely, the instrumental and the computational aspects. The next chapters are devoted to some of the most important pulse sequences. The discussion then shifts to the various factors determining the position of the observed absorption and those responsible for the various relaxation processes. The last chapters deal with the specific applications of NMR, including in cation salvation, calcium-binding proteins, polyelectrolyte systems, halogens, and antibiotic ionophores. This book is of value to inorganic and analytical chemists, and biophysicists.

  • Application of Fracture Mechanics to Composite Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • K. Friedrich
    • English
    This multiauthor volume provides a useful summary of current knowledge on the application of fracture mechanics to composite materials. It has been written to fill the gap between the literature on fundamental principles of fracture mechanics and the special publications on the fracture properties of conventional materials, such as metals, polymers and ceramics.The data are represented in the form of about 420 figures (including diagrams, schematics and photographs) and 80 tables. The author index covers more than 500 references, and the subject index more than 1000 key words.

  • Microweighing in Vacuum and Controlled Environments

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 4
    • A.W. Czanderna + 1 more
    • English
    Methods and Phenomena, 4: Their Applications in Science and Technology: Microweighing in Vacuum and Controlled Environments focuses on the principles, methodologies, and approaches involved in micro mass measurements. The selection first elaborates on introduction and microbalance review, beam microbalance design, construction and operation, and sources of error in microweighing in controlled environments. Discussions focus on Brownian motion, Knudsen forces, gravitational forces, microbalance construction and operation, auxiliary equipment for operation of a vacuum microbalance, undesirable disturbances or forces, calibration techniques, and classification of various types of microbalances. The text then takes a look at physical adsorption studies and chemisorption studies with the vacuum microbalance, simultaneous microgravimetric and residual gas analyzer measurements, and simultaneous measurement of mass change and infrared spectra. Topics include chemisorption results obtained on other solids and silver powders, probing the surface phase, quantitative information from adsorption and desorption, measuring techniques, and examples of physisorption measurements and their evaluation. The manuscript examines unusual applications of the vacuum microbalance and high temperature reaction studies, as well as empirical and theoretical rate laws, permeation of water vapor through plastic membranes, and measurement of permittivity and dielectric loss factor. The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers wanting to explore microweighing in vacuum and controlled environments.

  • Adsorption of Gases on Heterogeneous Surfaces

    • 1st Edition
    • W. Rudzinski + 1 more
    • English
    All real solid surfaces are heterogeneous to a greater or lesser extent and this book provides a broad yet detailed survey of the present state of gas adsorption. Coverage is comprehensive and extends from basic principles to computer simulation of adsorption. Underlying concepts are clarified and the strengths and weaknesses of the various methods described are discussed.

  • Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers V2

    • 1st Edition
    • C. Bradley Moore
    • English
    Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers, Volume II illustrates the current and potential applications of lasers in new fields of research in chemistry, biology, and other important fields. The book covers the laser spectroscopy of molecular jets; methods of high-resolution spectroscopy; vibrational relaxation in condensed phases; the distributions of quantum states encountered in chemical lasers and laser-induced chemical reactions; the hydrodynamics of biological systems; and developments in lasers such as the rare gas halide ultraviolet laser, which will find important new applications in chemistry and biology. Chemists, biologists, and physicists will find the book educational and insightful.

  • Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Syntheses

    • 1st Edition
    • Rylander
    • English
    Catalytic Hydrogenation in Organic Syntheses focuses on the process of catalytic hydrogenation in organic synthesis. This book gives the reader easy access to catalytic history, to show what can be done and how to do it. A variety of working generalities and common sense guides are given as aids in selecting catalytic metal, catalyst support, concentration of metal and catalyst, solvent, and reaction conditions. All manner of hydrogenation catalysts are considered and mechanisms of hydrogenation are presented at a level that is useful to the synthetic organic chemist. This volume is comprised of 15 chapters and begins with an overview of catalytic hydrogenation and heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts, along with hydrogenation reactors and reaction conditions. The discussion then shifts to the hydrogenation of compounds such as acetylenes, olefins, aldehydes, ketones, nitriles, oximes, acids, esters, lactones, anhydrides, and nitro compounds as well as carbocyclic aromatics and heterocyclic compounds. The reader is also introduced to reductive alkylation, catalytic dehydrohalogenation, and hydrogenolysis of small rings. A chapter on miscellaneous hydrogenolyses concludes the book. This book will be of interest to organic chemists working in the field of catalytic hydrogenation.

  • Ion Exchange

    Theory and Application
    • 1st Edition
    • F.C. Nachod
    • English
    Ion Exchange: Theory and Application focuses on the applications, complexities, and theoretical aspects of ion exchange. This book discusses the kinetics of fixed-bed ion exchange; fundamental properties of ion exchange resins; ion exchange equipment design; and ion exchange in water treatment. The multistage systems in ion exchange; desalting sea water; applications of ion exchange to the separation of inorganic cations; and ion exchange as a tool in analytical chemistry are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the metal concentration and recovery by ion exchange; catalytic application of ion exchangers; and use of ion exchange adsorbents in biochemical and physiological studies. Other topics include the separation of amino acids by ion exchange chromatography; sugar refining and by-product recovery; and ion exchange recovery of alkaloids. This publication is a good reference for chemists and students interested in ion exchange.

  • NMR of Chemically Exchanging Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Jerome Kaplan
    • English
    NMR of Chemically Exchanging Systems presents an integrated density matrix formalism for calculating NMR lineshapes for all types of exchanging systems. This book explores a variety of conditions, which is applicable to both liquids and liquid crystals. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the derivation of the absorption due to a single spin utilizing the classical Bloch equation as a means for introducing some of the concepts concerned in obtaining the absorption lineshape. This text then examines the derivation of the total density matrix equation. Other chapters consider the density matrix equation for a general exchanging system at high rf power and illustrate how one has to solve for all the elements of the density matrix. The final chapter presents some remarks on transients as applied to chemically exchanging systems. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and researchers who are interested in NMR spectroscopy.

  • The Porphyrins V4

    Physical Chemistry, Part B
    • 1st Edition
    • David Dolphin
    • English
    The Porphyrins, Volume IV: Physical Chemistry, Part B focuses on the physical chemistry of porphyrins, their precursors, catabolic derivatives, and related compounds. The book covers nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of diamagnetic and paramagnetic porphyrins and electron nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) spectroscopy of chlorophylls and related systems. It also encompasses electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy of porphyrin pi cations and anions, porphyrin excited states, metalloporphyrins, hemoproteins, and hemes. This volume is organized into nine chapters and begins with an overview of NMR theory and the use of NMR spectroscopy to study diamagnetic porphyrins and paramagnetic metalloporphyrins. The discussion then shifts to the theory of ENDOR spectroscopy and the application of ENDOR spectroscopy to analysis of chlorophylls, ESR of pi cations and anions of porphyrins as well as porphyrin excited states, and electron paramagnetic resonance and Mossbauer spectra of hemoproteins. The reader is also introduced to ESR and the electronic structure of metalloporphyrins. A chapter on Mossbauer spectroscopy of iron porphyrins concludes the book. This book is a valuable resource for inorganic, organic, physical, and biochemists interested in the physical chemistry of porphyrins.

  • Dispersing Powders in Liquids

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 7
    • R.D. Nelson
    • English
    This book provides powder technologists with laboratory procedures for selecting dispersing agents and preparing stable dispersions that can then be used in particle size characterization instruments. Its broader goal is to introduce industrial chemists and engineers to the phenomena, terminology, physical principles, and chemical considerations involved in preparing and handling dispersions on a commercial scale. The book introduces novices to: - industrial problems due to improper degree of dispersion; - the nomenclature used in describing particles; - the basic physical phenomena, equations, and chemistry involved in particle interactions; - the analytical techniques used for evaluating solid-liquid interfaces - textbooks, courses, societies, and vendors that can provide an advanced understanding of dispersion phenomena. The book provides resources for more experienced technologists by: - discussing characteristics and applications of the various chemical classes of surfactants; - providing procedures for selecting and optimizing a dispersant for a specific solid-liquid system and end-use constraints; - naming typical commercial surfactants and listing the addresses and telephone numbers of their manufacturers; - illustrating the many physical and chemical equilibria that must be considered in modelling a dispersion and guiding the reader to the sources of both data and advanced theoretical treatments required to implement such models. The author has for several years been a consultant in the field of slurry technology, obtaining information, materials, equipment, and expert advice required to solve slurry problems. He also teaches slurry technology and powder dispersion courses to students who are either engineers recently graduated from college or managers recently transferred to plants that handle slurries. His expertise gives the book a wide appeal: as virtually every manufacturing process involves dispersions of powders in liquids, it is of interest to chemists and chemical engineers in industry; the concise definitions, descriptions and examples make it an ideal reference text for teachers and students.

  • Turbulence in Mixing Operations

    Theory and Application to Mixing and Reaction
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Brodkey
    • English
    Turbulence in Mixing Operations: Theory and Application to Mixing and Reaction presents a summary of the current status of research on turbulent motion, mixing, and kinetics. Each chapter of this book discusses turbulence in the context of mixing and reaction in scalar fields. Chapters I and III discuss the classification of turbulent reacting systems and the different possibilities in this context. Chapter II reviews the properties of passive mixing. Chapter IV looks at turbulent mixing in chemically reactive flows. Chapter V uses different techniques to make parallel numerical calculations of both mixing and reaction. Finally, Chapter VI reviews turbulence and actual industrial mixing operations. This book will be of great value for chemical and industrial engineers, especially for those interested in turbulent and industrial mixing.

  • The Porphyrins V6

    Biochemistry, Part A
    • 1st Edition
    • David Dolphin
    • English
    The Porphyrins, Volume VI: Biochemistry, Part A deals with the biochemistry of porphyrins, their precursors, catabolic derivatives, and related compounds. The book covers the biosynthesis of porphyrins and chlorophylls; the formation and metabolism of bile pigments in animals and plants; as well as the synthesis, characterization, and chemistry of the bile pigments and their derivatives. An account of the historical and clinical aspects of porphyrins and bile pigments is also given. This volume is organized into 12 chapters and begins with an overview of protoporphyrins and their metabolic intermediates, paying particular attention to their synthesis and biosynthesis. The discussion then shifts to the biosynthesis of porphyrins and chlorophylls; the in vivo formation and metabolism of bile pigments such as biliverdin and bilirubin; and yellow, green, and blue bile pigments. The reader is then introduced to bile pigments of plants including phytochrome and phycobiliproteins; the general structures and nomenclature of bile pigment derivatives; and the Stokvis reaction. The book also considers the clinical chemistry of porphyrins, and then concludes with a chapter on milestones in the history of bile pigments. This book will be of value to inorganic, organic, physical, and biochemists interested in the biochemistry of porphyrins.

  • Elastomers and Rubber Compounding Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • I Franta
    • English
    Elastomers and Rubber Compounding Materials reviews the properties of elastomers and particular groups of ingredients and chemicals mixed into the basic elastomer to form a rubber compound. After introducing the history of rubber industry and the general properties of rubber, the book discusses the properties, classification, concentration, stabilization, modification, application, transport, and storage of latex. It presents as well the methods of production, composition, physical properties, and chemical reactions of dry rubber. The book then focuses on the production and classification of different synthetic rubbers, such as styrene-butadiene, isoprene, butadiene, ethylene-propylene, and chloroprene. It also discusses the production, properties, and applications of elastomers, vulcanization chemicals, fillers, stabilizers, plasticizers, blowing agents, and textile reinforcing materials used in formulating rubber compounds. This book will be of great value not only to those who are in the rubber industry, but also to students of polymer science and rubber technology.

  • Advanced Technical Ceramics

    • 1st Edition
    • Shigeyuki Somiya
    • English
    Advanced Technical Ceramics provides a thorough overview of technical ceramics. This book is divided into three parts encompassing 13 chapters that cover all aspects of technical ceramics, including definitions, raw materials, electronic and mechanical materials and processes, and biomaterials. Part I deals with the classification of ceramics by their chemical composition, mineral content, processing and production methods, properties, and uses. This part also includes the synthetic raw materials, production processes, and thermo-mechanical properties of ceramics. Part II describes the electrical, electronic, magnetic, thermal, chemical, and optical properties of ceramics, as well as their biomedical applications. Part III focuses on several precision machining methods for ceramics, such as cutting, grinding, lapping, polishing, and laser processing. Ceramics scientists, engineers, and researchers will find this text invaluable.

  • Experiences in Biochemical Perception

    • 1st Edition
    • L Ornston
    • English
    Experiences in Biochemical Perception discusses the breadth of contributions of I. C. Gunsalus, a versatile biochemist, in the field of biochemistry. This book explores the mechanism of electron transport to protein structure and documents the interface between the Gunsalus laboratory and the physicists. Organized into five parts encompassing 27 chapters, this book starts with a description of metabolic processes and the study of pyruvate oxidation. This text then illustrates how studies of microbial respiration led to the discovery of pyridoxl phosphate. Other chapters review dehydrogenases that participate in the dissimilation of branch-chain aromatic acids. This book further discusses the phosphorus–nitrogen bond in phosphorylated proteins and the inactivation of glutamine synthetase. The final chapter describes the elucidation of the function of the coenzyme biotin and generalizes about the use of bacteria in nutritional studies. This book is a valuable resource for readers and researchers engaged in the study of genetics, enzymology, microbiology, chemistry, and spectroscopy.

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