Organic Chemistry, Volume 8: 1,4-Cycloaddition Reactions: The Diels-Alder Reaction in Heterocyclic Syntheses describes 1,4-cycloaddition reactions leading to the formation of five- or six-membered heterocyclic compounds. Divided into 13 chapters, this book starts with an overview of various 1,4-cycloaddition reaction equations in the presence of at least one atom other than carbon. The following chapters describe the reaction mechanisms of five- or six-membered ring formed upon reaction with a dienophile, which contains an atom other than carbon. Considerable chapters are devoted to compounds used as dienophiles, including trivalent phosphorus, cyanogens and cyanogens-like compounds, imino, azo, carbonyl, thiocarbonyl, and diene compounds, as well as oxygen. Other chapters highlight some 1,4-cycloaddition reactions taking place through free radical intermediates. This book is of value to organic and research chemists, as well as undergraduate and graduate organic chemistry students.
Rita Maria de Brito Alves, Claudio Augusto Oller do Nascimento + 1 more
Rita Maria de Brito Alves, Claudio Augusto Oller do Nascimento and Evaristo Chalbaud Biscaia
August 5, 2009
eBook 978-0-08-096327-3
9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 0 9 6 3 2 7 - 3
The 10th International Symposium on Process Systems Engineering, PSE’09, will be held in Salvador-Bahia, Brazil, on August 16–20, 2009. The special focus of PSE 2009 is Sustainability, Energy, and Engineering.PSE 2009 is the tenth in the triennial series of international symposia on process systems engineering initiated in 1982. The meeting brings together the worldwide PSE community of researchers and practitioners who are involved in the creation and application of computing-based methodologies for planning, design, operation, control and maintenance of chemical and petrochemical process industries. PSE’09 will look at how PSE methods and tools can support sustainable resource systems, emerging technologies in the areas of green engineering, and environmentally conscious design of industrial processes.
While the PSE community continues its focus on understanding, synthesizing, modeling, designing, simulating, analyzing, diagnosing, operating, controlling, managing, and optimizing a host of chemical and related industries using the systems approach, the boundaries of PSE research have expanded considerably over the years. While early PSE research was largely concerned with individual units and plants, the current research spans wide ranges of scales in size (molecules to processing units to plants to global multinational enterprises to global supply chain networks; biological cells to ecological webs) and time (instantaneous molecular interactions to months of plant operation to years of strategic planning). The changes and challenges brought about by increasing globalization and the the common global issues of energy, sustainability, and environment provide the motivation for the theme of PSE2012: Process Systems Engineering and Decision Support for the Flat World.
The 17th European Symposium on Computed Aided Process Engineering contains papers presented at the 17th European Symposium of Computer Aided Process Engineering (ESCAPE 17) held in Bucharest, Romania, from 27-30 May 2007. The ESCAPE series serves as a forum for scientists and engineers from academia and industry to discuss progress achieved in the area of Computer Aided Process Engineering (CAPE). The main goal was to emphasize the continuity in research of innovative concepts and systematic design methods as well the diversity of applications emerged from the demands of sustainable development. ESCAPE 17 highlights the progresss software technology needed for implementing simulation based tools.The symposium is based on 5 themes and 27 topics, following the main trends in CAPE area: Modelling, Process and Products Design, Optimisation and Optimal Control and Operation, System Biology and Biological Processes, Process Integration and Sustainable Development. Participants from 50 countries attended and invited speakers presented 5 plenary lectures tackling broad subjects and 10 keynote lectures. Satellite events added a plus to the scientific dimension to this symposium.
This book presents the abstracts of the 19th International Congress of Heterocyclic Chemistry (19th ICHC) held in Fort Collins, Colorado, 10-15th August 2003 and provides the reader with a topical comprehensive reference source covering the latest developments in the heterocycles area. Each lecture from the 19th ICHC is presented as a one page abstract containing a textual summary of the lecture, including references, figures and contact details of the author(s).Papers are divided into the following sections: heterocyclic natural products, heterocycles in organic synthesis, bioactive heterocycles, heterocyclic materials &related topics, heterocyclic pharmaceuticals.
25th International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry presents a compilation of papers covering a wide range of topics on applied and pure chemistry. This book discusses the challenges in the field of aromatic photosubstitution. Organized into six chapters, this book begins with an overview of the diverse reactions of aromatic molecules. This text then examines the pattern of specific RNA found in the human tumors, which showed a notable concordance with the predictions deducible from the animal system. Other chapters consider the methods of estimation of chemical fuels and describe the greenhouse effect arising from the burning of coal. This book presents as well an assessment of some features of the impact of quantum mechanics on chemistry. The final chapter deals with molecular beam and spectroscopic methods that allow a detailed investigation of several dynamical properties of single reactive collisions. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, theoreticians, research workers, and scientists.
27th International Congress of Pure and Applied Chemistry is a collection of lectures presented at the 27th Congress of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, held in Helsinki, Finland, on August 27-31, 1979. The event covers a wide range of topics relating to chemistry, including biotechnology and bioengineering; trace element analysis; modern methods in clinical chemistry; and analysis and structure of cell membrane carbohydrates. Chemometrics is also discussed, along with the chemistry and technology of natural polymers and their degradation products. This book consists of 36 chapters and opens with an assessment of prospects for biotechnology amid the resource problems facing industrialized countries. The reader is then introduced to the main principles of screening effective anticancer drugs based on the methods and concepts of biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematics; the fundamental principles involved in steroid immunoassay for clinical chemistry applications; fractionation and determination of trace elements in plants, soils, and sediments; and trace metal analysis in exploration geochemistry. The following chapters explore clinical applications of steroid hormone receptor assays; asparagine-linked sugar chains of glycoproteins; chemistry and technology of starch; and use of high-performance liquid chromatography in the analysis of red blood cell glycolipids. This monograph will be a valuable source of information for practitioners and research workers in the field of pure and applied chemistry.
2D Materials-Based Electrochemical Sensors presents electrochemical and biosensor applications of 2D materials and addresses their fundamental properties, sensing mechanisms and fabrication approaches. The book also includes recent theoretical and experimental investigations. Other sections cover the development of sensors and biosensors from the fabrication of two dimensional layered materials to sensing applications and address recent developments and future perspectives on electrochemical sensors based on a wide variety of 2D materials such as graphene, MXene, boron nitride (h-BN), transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and black phosphorous. This will be a useful resource for researchers and scientists in the areas of analytical chemistry. This book will serve as a reference book both to the beginners and experienced researchers who are pursuing their research in 2D layered materials and their electrochemical sensing applications.
One of three volumes which together cover all reported solubility data for an important pharmaceutical class: the sulfonamides. A knowledge of solubility data is invaluable in all pharmaceutical research. Published solubility data for the title compounds have been compiled and critically evaluated, resulting in recommended solubility values which practising scientists may use with confidence. Each volume includes structural formulae and molecular weight details for the compounds covered, conveniently grouped together.
5-Membered Heterocycle Synthesis Using Iodine presents both old and new methods for the synthesis of various five-membered heterocycles using iodine, providing information for making specific compounds using particular reagents. Heterocyclic frameworks represent the main structural subunits of many biologically active compounds and natural products, and the ability of heterocycles to act both as reactive pharmacophores and biomimetics has greatly contributed to their unique value as traditional key elements of various drugs. Contemporary developments in process chemistry and discovery emphasize novel sustainable synthetic pathways as fast and ecologically acceptable alternatives to the traditional protocols. This book serves as a guide for students, pharmacologists, biochemists, organic and medicinal chemists, researchers, and academic professionals to obtain easy access to synthetic protocols for different five-membered heterocycles using iodine.