Chemical and Biochemical Applications

Contributors

General Preface

Preface to Volume 1

Contents of Volume 2

A. General Features

1. Multinuclear Instrumentation and Observation

I. Introduction

II. The Multinuclear NMR Spectrometer

III. Multinuclear Observation

References

2. Techniques That Can Enhance Sensitivity, Improve Resolution, Correlate NMR Spectral Parameters, and Lead to Structural Information

I. Introduction

II. Sensitivity Enhancement Techniques

III. The Nuclear Overhauser Effect

IV. Sensitivity Enhancement via Population Transfer

V. How to Determine the Number of Protons Directly Coupled to Heteronucleus

VI. How to Determine the Chemical Shifts of the Protons Directly Coupled to a Heteronucleus

VII. How to Determine Whether a Heteronucleus Is Directly Coupled to a Like Heteronucleus

VIII. How to Determine Whether Two Nuclei Belong to the Same Coupling Network

IX. Resolution Enhancement Techniques

X. Concluding Remarks

References

3. Computational Considerations

I. Data Acquisition

II. Basic Data Reduction

III. Extended Features of FT NMR Processing

IV. Special Problems of Broad Line Spectra

V. Current Trends in NMR Computation

References

4. Factors Contributing to the Observed Chemical Shifts of Heavy Nuclei

I. Introduction

II. Intramolecular Factors

III. Intermolecular Factors

References

5. Quadrupolar and Other Types of Relaxation

I. Introduction

II. Relaxation in the Region of Motional Narrowing

III. The Rotational Correlation of Time

IV. Relaxation Interactions Modulated by Molecular Rotation

V. Relaxation of Quadrupolar Nuclei

VI. The Future

References

B. Selected Features

6. Cation Solvation

I. Introduction

II. Chemical Shift Measurements

III. Nuclear Magnetic Relaxation

References

7. Calcium-Binding Proteins

I. Introduction

II. An Overview of Calcium-Binding Proteins

III. Structure of the Calcium-Binding Site

IV. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Calcium-Binding Proteins

V. Future Studies

References

8. Amphiphilic and Polyelectrolyte Systems

I. Polyelectrolytes: Polycharged Macromolecules and Aggregates of Ionic Amphiphiles

II. Counterion Binding: Methods and Theories

III. Counterion Binding: Quadrupole Splittings

IV. Counterion Binding: Quadrupole Relaxation

V. Quadrupole Relaxation Studies on Counterion Binding to Polyelectrolytes

VI. Quadrupole Relaxation and Chemical Shift Studies on Counterion Binding in Amphiphilic Systems

VII. Quadrupole Splitting Studies on Counterion Binding in Amphiphilic Systems

VIII. Hydration in Colloidal Systems: General Aspects and NMR Methods

IX. Deuteron NMR for Phase Diagram Determination in Surfactant Systems

X. 2H- and 17O-NMR Quadrupole Splittings and Hydration in Amphiphilic Mesophases

XI. 17O-NMR Relaxation and the Hydration of Surfactant Micelles and Polyelectrolytes

References

9. Chlorine, Bromine, and Iodine

I. Introduction

II. Halide Ions in Aqueous and Nonaqueous Solutions

III. The ClO4- Ion

IV. Surfactant Systems

V. Macromolecular Systems

VI. Covalently Bonded Halogens

VII. Conclusions

References

10. Antibiotic Ionophores

I. Introduction

II. Solution Conformation

III. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies of Ion-Ionophore Interactions in Solution

IV. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Studies in Membranal Systems

References

Index