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Books in Physical sciences and engineering

  • Handbook of Nucleating Agents

    • 3rd Edition
    • George Wypych
    • English
    Handbook of Nucleating Agents, Third Edition provides information on how to increase the production rate, modify structure and morphology, improve mechanical performance, and reduce the haze of polymeric products with proper selection of nucleating agents (and/or the so-called clarifying agents). It also analyzes important publications found in open and patent literature, with special attention given to the findings of the last five years which brought many new important developments. The book is divided into 14 chapters, each of which concentrates on the essential performance of nucleating agents. Chemical origin and related properties of nucleating agents are analyzed in general terms to highlight the differences in their properties. The specific agents are discussed in Databook of Nucleating Agents, which is published as a separate book to help in the selection of products available in the commercial markets and analyze the properties of different products. Information in Databook and Handbook is totally different without any repetition. The next six chapters of the Handbook discuss the most essential theoretical knowledge required for the proper selection and use of nucleating and clarifying agents. These include polymer crystallization with and without nucleating agents, parameters of crystallization, essential influences on the nucleation processes, measures of nucleation efficiency, mechanisms of nucleation, and effective methods of dispersion of nucleating agents. The following three chapters concentrate on the application aspects in different formulations. Here, extensive use is being made of patent literature and research papers available for different applications. Discussed are nineteen polymer processing methods that require the use of nucleating agents, forty different polymers that are known to use nucleating agents, and sixteen groups of commercial products in which nucleating agents found applications. This shows that the modern use of nucleating agents is widespread in industry. The last three chapters discuss the effects of nucleating agents on the physical and mechanical properties of materials, the essential analytical techniques used to analyze systems containing nucleating agents, and health and safety in the use of nucleating agents.

  • Databook of Antiblocking, Release, and Slip Additives

    • 3rd Edition
    • Anna Wypych
    • English
    The Databook of Antiblocking, Release, and Slip Additives, Third Edition contains detailed information on over 300 important additives for polymers, additives that are used to minimize adhesion, aid separation, and enhance processing and end-applications for polymers. The variety of additives available makes this databook an invaluable source of information for industry, research, and academia. This 3rd edition has been updated to include modified properties of additives, new additives, the removal of outdated additives, and two new sections in chapters 3 and 5. Each additive is presented with data in the following categories: General Information; Physical Properties; Health and Safety; Ecological Properties; and Use and Performance. Data fields covered include state, odor, color, autoignition temperature, probability of biodegradation and much more. Recommendations are given for specific products, processing methods, and mold materials, and an assessment is given for each additive’s features and benefits, enabling practitioners to select the correct additive for each situation.

  • Handbook of Fillers, Volume 2

    Applications of Fillers
    • 6th Edition
    • George Wypych
    • English
    Handbook of Fillers, Volume 2, Sixth Edition covers the applications of fillers, analyzing the effects of fillers on the mechanical properties of filled materials, their effects on rheological properties, the implications of them on the morphology of filled systems, the organization of interface and matrix-containing systems, and the effect of fillers on the durability of materials exposed to different environments as well as their flammability. The book also discusses the technical aspects and benefits of filler incorporation, as well as their applications in different products, such as polymers, blends, alloys, interpenetration networks, composites, and laminates. Methods of processing are outlined as well. This 6th edition has been split into 2 volumes, this volume covering applications, and the first volume covering properties. Each volume is complementary and required for the understanding and implementing the benefits of filler use.

  • Handbook of UV Degradation and Stabilization

    • 4th Edition
    • George Wypych
    • English
    Handbook of UV Degradation and Stabilization, Fourth Edition, has been completely updated with the most recent literature and patents, discussing different aspects of UV-related phenomena that occur when polymeric materials are exposed to UV radiation. It reviews existing literature, looking at how plants, animals, and humans protect themselves against UV radiation. This review permits the evaluation of mechanisms of protection against UV used by living things and potential application of these mechanisms in the protection of natural and synthetic polymeric materials. Other chapters look at more specific aspects of UV degradation and stabilization, such as photophysics, specific polymers and rubbers, analytical methods used in UV stabilization, health and safety, and more. This book is an excellent companion to the Databook of UV Stabilizers. Both books supplement each other without repeating the same information- one contains data, the other theory, mechanisms of action, practical effects, and implications of application.

  • Handbook of Microplastics

    • 1st Edition
    • George Wypych
    • English
    Handbook of Microplastics provides a wealth of information on what these materials are, how they are proliferating, their geographical distribution, chemical components, morphology, and their physical characteristics, including the various forms they take in different environments. The mechanisms of microplastic formation are discussed, as are methods for detecting and analyzing them, with emphasis placed on the importance of accurate identification in assessing their impact. Key commercial products that are significant sources of microplastics are identified, raising awareness about consumer choices and their environmental consequences. The formation, properties, and hazards of microplastics from various polymers are also covered, as are the environmental impact of microplastics, including their presence in air, water, and soil, leading into an examination of the potential effects on human health and wildlife, including plants, animals, insects, and organisms in aquatic habitats. The book concludes with coverage of microplastics in the food chain, policy measures aimed at combating microplastic pollution, and methods for reducing, eliminating, and preventing microplastic, stressing the urgency of innovative solutions and collective action.

  • An Introduction to the Finite Element Method with the Variational Approach

    • 1st Edition
    • Prakash Mahadeo Dixit + 1 more
    • English
    An Introduction to the Finite Element Method with the Variational Approach offers a comprehensive solution to the gaps often found in introductory texts on the Finite Element Method (FEM). The book provides a thorough introduction to the fundamental principles of linear and time-independent FEM within the variational framework. It meticulously covers the derivation of 1-D FEM equations based on variational functionals, encompassing both linear and higher-order elements, and shape functions driven by convergence criteria. Furthermore, it explores 1-D numerical integration, outlines coding procedures, and provides insights into handling material nonlinearity and time-dependent scenarios.Expanding into 2-D problems, the book offers derivations of 2-D FEM equations tailored to diverse engineering disciplines, including Steady-State Heat Conduction, Solid Mechanics (covering torsion, plane strain/axisymmetric cases, and the bending, stability, and vibrations of thin plates), as well as Fluid Mechanics (addressing incompressible inviscid and viscous fluids). It includes detailed discussions on element continuity, numerical integration techniques, and even includes 2-D codes for selected problems. The book concludes by delving into recent advancements in FEM, with a specific focus on applications in machine learning and isogeometric analysis.

  • Phosphonate Chemistry, Technology and Applications

    Industrial, Environmental, and Energy Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Konstantinos D. Demadis
    • English
    Phosphonate Chemistry, Technology and Applications: Industrial, Environmental, and Energy Applications presents a comprehensive and interdisciplinary overview of phosphonate compounds, covering synthetic methods, metal phosphonate hybrid materials, and their diverse applications. Key topics include scale and corrosion inhibition, catalytic properties, magnetic and optical functionalities, biomedical uses, and advanced applications in energy, gas capture, imaging, electrocatalysis, and environmental remediation. The book consolidates the latest research from the past decade, offering a systematic, concise, and user-friendly reference that bridges organic, inorganic, and materials chemistry.This is an essential resource for researchers, professionals, and advanced students working across chemistry, materials science, environmental science, and chemical engineering. Its broad scope and practical focus make it the definitive guide for anyone involved in phosphonate-related research or industrial applications.

  • Environmental and Health Issues in Unconventional Oil and Gas Development

    • 2nd Edition
    • Debra A Kaden + 1 more
    • English
    Environmental and Health Issues in Unconventional Oil and Gas Development, Second Edition presents a non-partisan perspective on directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing, addressing implications for various stakeholders. The book reviews the transformations in UOGD practices, advancement in monitoring technologies, and the new issues identified by both governmental and non-governmental entities. Key topics include the economics of hydraulic fracturing, methane emissions, decarbonization, and responsibly sourced gas, along with climate risk and mitigation. Water quality and waste impacts are examined, followed by discussions on occupational health, public health, and risk communication. The book also covers environmental justice and corporate governance.

  • Physical Metallurgy

    • 6th Edition
    • David E. Laughlin + 1 more
    • English
    Physical Metallurgy, Sixth Edition preserves the excellence of the previous editions of this popular work, keeping everything up-to-date and offering definitive, in-depth chapters with superb coverage and clarity of explanations. The book provides comprehensive and in-depth coverage of both ferrous and non-ferrous materials, written by leaders in the respective field, going from fundamental and foundational understanding to a higher level of knowledge. The book expertly integrates fundamental theory with advanced materials characterization techniques. It is an excellent resource for students and early-career metallurgists, while also offering great depth and insight for more experienced readers.The chapters have been revised and expanded, with new chapters on the physical metallurgy of light alloys and titanium alloys, as well as atom probe field ion microscopy, computational metallurgy, and orientational imaging microscopy. Emphasis on sustainability is encouraged throughout, and the volumes incorporate the latest experimental research results and theoretical insights.

  • Ionic Liquids in Biomass Processing

    Green Protocols
    • 1st Edition
    • Harish K. Chopra + 1 more
    • English
    Ionic Liquids in Biomass Processing: Green Protocols serves as a comprehensive guide to all aspects of ionic liquids and their applications within biomass processing. In addition to this fundamental knowledge, this book also walks the reader through the practical aspects of ionic liquids, from synthesis through to methodology and experimental design in real world industrial case studies. This book covers various industries and applications of ionic liquids for multiple types of biomasses; each chapter covers a specific type of biomass or provides an overview of how effective ionic liquid can be in various industrial sectors and research areas. The book provides real world examples and case studies, coupled with the latest research and economic and environmental insights into ionic liquids and biomass conversion technologies. Ionic Liquids in Biomass Processing: Green Protocols will be a valuable resource to anyone investigating, or working with, sustainable and alternative energy sources and chemical processes. This book will be used primarily be researchers, academics, students and industry experts in green chemical engineering and chemistry, or any related scientific discipline involving alternative energy and green synthesis of value-added products.

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