Smart Materials in Additive Manufacturing, Volume 3

4D-Printed Robotic Materials, Sensors, and Actuators

1st Edition - July 25, 2024
Editors: Ali Zolfagharian, Mahdi Bodaghi
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 6 7 3 - 3
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 6 7 4 - 0

Smart Materials in Additive Manufacturing, Volume Three: 4D-Printed Robotic Materials, Sensors, and Actuators covers the principles, real-world use, and advances in the cuttin… Read more

Smart Materials in Additive Manufacturing, Volume 3

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Smart Materials in Additive Manufacturing, Volume Three: 4D-Printed Robotic Materials, Sensors, and Actuators covers the principles, real-world use, and advances in the cutting-edge field of 4D printed smart robotic materials. It discusses the mechanics of these materials, techniques by which to manufacture them, and different applications. Detailed modeling and control techniques are outlined, illustrating their use in real-world settings. Shape memory polymers, hydrogels, shape memory alloys, biomaterials, natural fibers, dielectric elastomers, liquid crystal elastomers, electroactive polymers, and more materials are covered, featuring in-depth discussion of their responses to stimuli, fabrication, multi-physics modeling, control techniques, and applications.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
Dedication
List of contributors
About the editors
Preface
Acknowledgments
1. Robotic materials 4D printing
Abstract
1.1 4D printing of pneumatic soft robots sensors and actuators
1.2 4D printing of hydrogel soft actuator
1.3 4D printing of soft sensors in robotics
1.4 4D printing of micropositioning parallel robots
1.5 Autonomously controlled soft actuators by 4D printing
1.6 Silicone-based robots via 4D printing
1.7 Closed-loop 4D printing of autonomous soft robots
1.8 Spoon4PD: a smart tool additively manufactured for Parkinson’s disease
1.9 Liquid crystal elastomers 4D printing
1.10 4D printing of molded-interconnect device
1.11 Automated design of 4D-printed soft robots
1.12 A design paradigm on 4D printing magnetorheological actuators for highly integrated robotics applications
1.13 4D printing of polyurethane actuators and sensors
References
2. 4D printing of pneumatic soft robots sensors and actuators
Abstract
2.1 Introduction
2.2 4D printing approaches with soft materials
2.3 Structural design and actuator control
2.4 Multifunctional design
2.5 Challenges and future opportunities
2.6 Conclusions
Acknowledgments
References
3. 4D printing of hydrogel soft actuators
Abstract
3.1 Introduction
3.2 4D printing technologies
3.3 Stimuli-responsive hydrogels
3.4 Preparation of hydrogel actuators with anisotropic structures
3.5 Application of 4D printed hydrogel soft actuators
3.6 Perspectives
3.7 Conclusion
References
4. 4D printing of soft sensors in robotics
Abstract
4.1 Introduction
4.2 4D printing and robotics
4.3 Diverse printing techniques toward soft sensors
4.4 Materials and design considerations for soft sensors
4.5 Types of soft sensors
4.6 Piezoresistive-type sensors
4.7 Capacitive-type soft sensors
4.8 Piezoelectric type soft sensors
4.9 Triboelectric type sensors
4.10 Magnetoelectric type sensor
4.11 Environmental and chemical sensors
4.12 Challenges and future prospects of 4D printing of soft sensors in robotics
4.13 Conclusion
References
5. 4D printing of micropositioning parallel robots
Abstract
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Design and working principle
5.3 Shape programming
5.4 Finite element analysis
5.5 Results and discussion
5.6 Conclusion
Acknowledgments
References
6. 4D printing of autonomously controlled soft actuators for tremor vibration suppression
Abstract
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Methodology
6.3 Fabricating and characterizing of the variable stiffness structure
6.4 Simulation
6.5 Experimental results and discussions
6.6 Conclusion
References
7. Silicone elastomer soft robots via 4D printing
Abstract
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Soft planar parallel manipulator
7.3 Bi-stable soft robotic gripper
7.4 Results and discussion
7.5 Conclusion
References
8. Closed-loop 4D printing of autonomous soft robots
Abstract
8.1 Introduction
8.2 Modeling methods
8.3 Closed-loop control methods
8.4 Closed-loop control of 4D-printed shape memory polymer
8.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
9. Spoon4PD: a smart tool 3D printed for Parkinson’s disease
Abstract
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Methodology
9.3 Results and discussions
9.4 Conclusions
Acknowledgements
References
10. Liquid crystal elastomers 4D printing
Abstract
10.1 The brief introduction of liquid crystal elastomers
10.2 Conventional methods for liquid crystal elastomers fabrication
10.3 Liquid crystal elastomers 4D printing
10.4 Summary and outlook
References
11. 4D printing of molded interconnect device
Abstract
11.1 Introduction
11.2 Thermal deformation of fused filament fabrication-printed thermoplastic parts
11.3 Thermo-responsive 4D printing using programmed printing paths
11.4 Thermo-responsive 4D printing of molded interconnect device keyboard
11.5 Conclusion
Acknowledgment
References
12. Automated design of 4D-printed soft robots
Abstract
12.1 Introduction
12.2 Automated design process
12.3 Design optimization of pneumatic soft robots
12.4 Tendon-driven compliant soft robots
12.5 Variable stiffness soft robots
12.6 Future directions
Acknowledgment
References
13. 4D printing magnetorheological actuators for highly integrated robotics applications
Abstract
13.1 Introduction
13.2 Technological base
13.3 Prototyping
13.4 Conclusions
References
14. 4D printing of polyurethane actuators and sensors
Abstract
14.1 Introduction
14.2 Polyurethanes
14.3 4D printed polyurethanes
14.4 Conclusion and future perspective
References
Index

Ali Zolfagharian

Dr. Ali Zolfagharian is a Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering at Deakin University, Australia and has been Director of the 4D Printing and Robotic Materials lab at the university since 2018. He is the co-founder of the 4D Printing Society, co-editor of the 2-volume Smart Materials in Additive Manufacturing set published by Elsevier, and a technical committee member of 5 international conferences. Dr. Zolfagharian has been among the 2% top cited scientists listed by Stanford University and Elsevier (2020), the Alfred Deakin Medallist for Best Doctoral Thesis (2019), and the Alfred Deakin Postdoctoral Fellowship Awardee (2018). His research focuses on flexible manipulators, soft grippers, robotic materials 3D/4D printing, and bioprinting.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Lecturer in the Faculty of Science, Engineering and Built Environment, School of Engineering at Deakin University, Australia.

Mahdi Bodaghi

Dr. Mahdi Bodaghi is a Senior Lecturer in the Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology at Nottingham Trent University. He heads the 4D Materials & Printing Laboratory (4DMPL) that hosts a broad portfolio of projects focusing on the electro-thermo-mechanical multi-scale behaviors of smart materials, soft robots, and 3D/4D printing technologies. His research is based on the advancement of state-of-the-art smart materials and additive manufacturing leading him to co-found the 4D Printing Society and to co-edit Smart Materials in Additive Manufacturing, volumes 1 and 2 (Elsevier). Dr. Bodaghi’s research has led to the publication of over 120 scientific papers in prestigious journals in mechanics, manufacturing, and materials science, as well as the presentation of his work at major international conferences. His research awards include the Best Doctoral Thesis Award of 2015, 2016 CUHK Postdoctoral Fellowship, the Annual Best Paper Award in Mechanics and Material Systems presented by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers in 2017, 2018 Horizon Postdoctoral Fellowship Awardee, and 2021 IJPEM-GT Contribution Award recognized by the Korea Society for Precision Engineering.

Affiliations and expertise

Senior Lecturer, Department of Engineering, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, UK

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