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Elsevier

Books in Agricultural and biological sciences

The Agricultural and Biological Sciences collection advances science-based knowledge for the improvement of animal and plant life and for secure food systems that produce nutritious, novel, sustainable foods with minimal environmental impact. Food Science titles include not only those products from agriculture but all other aspects from food production to nutrition, health and safety, chemistry to security, policy, law and regulation. Biological Sciences address animal behaviour and biodiversity, organismal and evolutionary biology, entomology, marine biology and aquaculture, plant science and forestry.

  • Sexual Selection and Reproductive Competition in Insects

    • 1st Edition
    • Murray Blum
    • English
    Sexual Selection and Reproductive Competition in Insects explores the biological mechanisms underlying intrasexual reproductive competition as a driving force in sexual selection in insects. The book contains papers presented at a symposium on reproductive behavior in insects, held at the 15th International Congress of Entomology in Washington, D.C., in 1976. Organized into 13 chapters, this volume begins with a historical background on sexual selection theory and some of the principal conceptual advances that have been made since Charles Darwin (1871) posited that a sexual character was a characteristic possessed by only one sex and not the other. It then introduces the reader to differences in patterns of sexual selection and how they affect the reproductive success of individuals, male-female mating relationships, and mate choice by females. The book also discusses the evolution of mating strategies in insects, touching on concepts such as parental investment, female choice, and sexual conflict. Later chapters focus on winglessness, fighting, and dimorphism in male fig wasps and other insects, along with agonistic behavior among males of Achias australis, the function of horns in beetles, and the evolution of alternative male reproductive strategies in field crickets. The book also looks into the courtship and mating behavior of insects, and then concludes with an analysis of insect life histories in order to elucidate the biological aspects of the male-female phenomenon. This book is an essential reading for biologists and chemists.

  • Advances in Food-Producing Systems For Arid and Semiarid Lands Part B

    • 1st Edition
    • Jamal Manassah
    • English
    Advances in Food-Producing Systems for Arid and Semiarid Lands: Part B contains the proceedings of a symposium on ""Advances in Food-Producing Systems for Arid and Semiarid Lands"" of the International Symposium Series held in Kuwait in April 1980. As a continuation of the proceedings, this compilation contains the last three parts of the symposium and the editor's closing remarks. It specifically talks about the innovative food systems and aquacultural systems in the arid and semi-arid lands. It also addresses the general problems of post-harvest losses in food of plant origin and the possibilities to reduce these losses. The presented papers bring renewed vitality to the hope that appropriate and directed exploitation of various technologies can evolve developable industries for arid and semiarid lands.

  • Social Insects V2

    • 1st Edition
    • Henry Hermani
    • English
    Social Insects, Volume II is essentially a continuation and review of topics covered in Volume I. The main focus of this volume is on the systematic of eusocial hymenoptera and the closely associated realms of presocial insects and social non-insectan arthropods. Consisting of five major chapters, this volume starts with the chapter on the enemies and defense mechanisms of termites. Several mechanisms are discussed in this chapter, such as defense by the nest, workers, and soldiers. Chapter 3 focuses on presocial insects and a comparison of parental care without nests and based on nests. Chapter 4 discusses the sociality of Arachnida and emphasizes the patterns and evolution of sociality in Arachnida, particularly spiders. Two chapters discuss the social hymenoptera, including its defensive mechanisms and its systematics. This volume will be of great help to students and professionals in the field of entomology, biology, and zoology.

  • Cell Shape

    Determinants, Regulation, And Regulatory Role
    • 1st Edition
    • Felix Bronner
    • English
    Cell Shape: Determinants, Regulation, and Regulatory Role is written to help readers understand cell shape and its regulation. It provides insight into how the shape of a cell is determined at a molecular level. It also discusses how the shape of the cell, as a signal, controls gene expression and modulates intercellular interaction. Divided into four parts encompassing 13 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the mechanism of shape determination. It then explores how the cytoskeleton, the extracellular matrix, and biochemical force transduction may affect or respond to cell shape control. Other chapters focus on the mechanical modeling of cell shape and the biochemical reactions underlying cell motility. The text also describes the results of the molecular studies that have provided important information on the composition of the cytoskeleton. The final chapter reviews the shape changes that happen during embryogenesis. It also considers how the polarity of the embryo is determined. This book is a valuable resource for biologists, embryologists, and cell biologists.

  • Shedding of Plants Parts

    • 1st Edition
    • T.T. Kozlowski
    • English
    Shedding of Plant Parts focuses on the anatomical, physiological, and ecological features of shedding of vegetative and reproductive parts of plants. This book encompasses both natural and induced shedding. Organized into 12 chapters, this book first outlines the extent of shedding of plant cells, tissues, and organs and summarizes the biological and economic implications of such shedding. Separate chapters follow that discuss anatomical and histochemical changes in leaf abscission; the physiological ecology and internal regulation of abscission; and the shedding of shoots, branches, bark, roots, pollen, seeds, and reproductive structures of forest trees. This book also explains the anatomical changes in abscission of reproductive structures, chemical thinning of flowers and fruits, and chemical control of fruit abscission. This book will be valuable to plant anatomists, pathologists, and physiologists, and to agronomists, arborists, biochemists, ecologists, entomologists, foresters, horticulturists, landscape architects, meteorologists, and soil scientists.

  • Chemical and Biological Generation of Excited States

    • 1st Edition
    • Waldermar Adam
    • English
    Chemical and Biological Generation of Excited States discusses major aspects of chemical and biological generation of electronic excitation. This book is organized into 11 chapters that focus on both chemi- and bioenergized processes. This book first discusses some of the fundamental aspects of the description of excited state behavior in condensed media. It then examines the field of gas-phase dioxetane chemiluminescence both by itself and in relation to solution-phase studies. The presented analysis is based on statistical mechanics and supported by a very simple limiting case calculation. Chapter 4 describes the state-of-the-art of how excitation yields are determined experimentally in chemienergized processes. This is followed by a discussion on activation parameters and stability trends, focusing on solution-phase data. Chapters 6 and 7 examine solution-phase chemiluminescence resulting from high-energy electron-transfer reaction, often involving aromatic radical ions, and the mechanism of excitation step. The next chapters cover the generation of electronic excited states in bioluminescence and the evaluation of luminescent oxidation mechanisms using oxygen tracers. The chapters also explain the formation of electronically excited products in dark biological processes and the mechanism of chemiexcitation as it relates to redox metabolism. Specific examples of biological oxygenation reactions yielding luminescence are also presented. Furthermore, this book discusses the concept and applicability of chemiluminigenic probing for the quantification and differentiation of oxygenation activities in mammalian phagocytes. The concluding chapter is devoted to the possible formation of singlet oxygen in various systems and processes that mimic singlet oxygen reactions. The book intends to attract young scientists as well as established research workers to broaden the horizons of this rapidly growing and potentially very important field.

  • Nutritional Toxicology V3

    • 1st Edition
    • John Hathcock
    • English
    Nutritional Toxicology, Volume III is a compilation of reviews and research regarding nutrition and toxicology, specifically the issues that affect public health and regulation. This volume further develops understanding of the basic concepts significant to protect and promote public health and provide a credible scientific basis for public health and regulatory decisions. Composed of seven chapters, this volume further extends the discussion of the topics included in Volume I and Volume II of this series. The first two chapters deal with the topic of food safety. The first one discusses safety of food packaging materials and their health implications. The second chapter tackles the relation between neurotoxicology and food safety assessment. The next section of this book includes more detailed discussion regarding proteins (amino acids), phosphorylated derivatives, and vitamin B6 interactions. The discussion of these topics generally covers their chemical aspects, metabolism, bioavailability, and distribution in foods. The last two chapters give recommendations regarding toxicological experiments and vitamin supplement. Chapter 6 presents considerations in the designing of standardized diets in toxicological experiments. Chapter 7 gives an analysis of the risk/benefit of vitamin supplements. As with the other volumes, this book proves helpful to students, professionals, and researchers in the field of nutritional sciences, pharmacology, and biology.

  • Cell Biology A Comprehensive Treatise V2

    The Structure and Replication of Genetic Material
    • 1st Edition
    • David M. Prescott
    • English
    Cell Biology, A Comprehensive Treatise, Volume 2: The Structure and Replication of Genetic Material is mainly about the structure and replication of genetic material in both the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles. This volume is part of the first four volumes that establish a firm foundation regarding issues of cell structure and function. These issues include cell reproduction, differentiation, and cell-to-cell interactions. This book is divided into nine chapters. Each chapter deals extensively with chromosomes – its physical, genetic, and chemical structures. In addition, this book explains the replication of chromosomes in terms of the cell cycle, as well as their coding capacity. It also discusses the functional organization (structure and levels) of the chromosomes. The concluding chapters present the DNA replication molecular principles and enzymatic machinery. Furthermore, this book explains DNA repair and its relationship to various biological endpoints. The authors of this book reasonably explain and emphasize already established facts and concepts in terms that are relatively easy to understand. Undergraduate and graduate students, teachers, researchers, scientists, and others interested or in need of information regarding cell biology will find this book of great use.

  • Field and Laboratory Guide to Tree Pathology

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Blanchard
    • English
    Field and Laboratory Guide to Tree Pathology presents a selection of tree diseases, along with related field and laboratory activities, to provide students with the basic information and skills necessary for tree disease diagnosis. The diseases discussed in this book intend to be representative of the major health problems of forest and shade trees. The book is organized into four parts. Part I presents some basic information about the tools, techniques, and terminology associated with the study of tree diseases. The subsequent parts describe the infectious and noninfectious diseases. The last part describes several exercises ranging from elementary to advanced, which demonstrate certain disease concepts and allow students to experience the techniques utilized in disease diagnosis. A broad selection of exercises is provided to allow choices dependent on facilities, equipment, supplies, and student level. In addition to students, professionals in arboriculture, forestry, landscape architecture, nursery practice, and other plant science specialties will find this book invaluable.

  • Microbial Technology

    Microbial Processes
    • 2nd Edition
    • D. Perlman
    • English
    Microbial Technology: Microbial Processes, Volume 1, describes the production and uses of economic bacteria, yeast, molds, and viruses, and reviews the technologies associated with products of microbial metabolism. It is part of a two-volume set that emerged from a worldwide survey of industrial microbiology and its contributions to agriculture, industry, medicine, and environmental control. The book contains 17 chapters that cover the development of bioinsecticides and the large-scale bioprocessing of concentrated lactic acid bacteria with emphasis on the commercial use of the resulting culture. It includes discussions of the production of single-cell protein for use in food or feed; production of yeasts and yeast products; production of butanol-acetone by fermentation; microbial production of amino acids; microbial production of antibiotics; production of microbial enzymes; microbial production of nucleosides; and production of organic acids by fermentation nucleotides. The remaining chapters cover plant cell suspension cultures and their biosynthetic potential; polysaccharides; microbial transformation of steroids and sterols; the production of vitamin B12; microbial process for riboflavin production; and the production of carotenoids.

  • Marine Pollution

    Functional Responses
    • 1st Edition
    • Winona Vernberg
    • English
    Marine Pollution: Functional Responses presents the proceedings of the symposium, ""Pollution and Physiology of Marine Organisms,"" held on November 14-17, 1977, at Hobcaw Barony in Georgetown, South Carolina. It explores the effects of pollutants, such as petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, pesticides, and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), on marine organisms ranging from pink salmon fry to sculpins, estuarine fishes and crabs, bivalve mollusks, lugworms, and oysters. Comprised of four parts encompassing 22 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the fate and effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine biota. It proceeds with a discussion of the hydrocarbon metabolic system in polychaetes and their role in the degradation of hydrocarbons in sediments; the effects of aromatic hydrocarbon toxicants on breathing rates of pink salmon fry; and biological and toxicological effects of heavy metals and other cations on marine species. The book also describes the impact of PCBs and pesticides on the estuarine environment; and how more specialized and less persistent chemicals affect the development and reproduction of nontarget organisms such as Crustacea. This book will be a valuable resource for marine scientists, ecologists, and students.

  • Monoclonal Antibodies against Bacteria

    • 1st Edition
    • Alberto Macario
    • English
    Monoclonal Antibodies against Bacteria, Volume I explores the generation, characterization, and utilization of monoclonal antibodies against bacteria and on other monoclonal products relevant to antibacterial immune responses. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on monoclonal antibodies against bacteria, encompassing its scope, research, and directions. It shows that the coordinated use of antisera and panels of monoclonal antibodies is proving useful for classification as a diagnostic tool with prognostic implications in the case of pathogens, or as a preliminary step in taxonomy. Also, monoclonal antibodies hold great potential as instruments in working with bacteria for industrial or biotechnological purposes, including genetic engineering. This book also elucidates the use of monoclonal antibodies of predefined molecular specificity for tracing molecular ""signatures"" left by a given strain in other microorganisms, subcellular structures, and materials from ecologic niches. The possibility of antibacterial and antitoxin therapies with monoclonal antibodies is also addressed. This treatise will be a valuable reference work to anyone working with monoclonal antibodies or getting ready to prepare them against the strain(s) (or bacterial structures) of his/her interest.

  • Handbook of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Nand K. Jha
    • English
    This handbook is a compilation of the current practical knowledge of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). FMS allow manufacturing plants of all sizes to reduce their inventory while increasing their ability to meet consumer demands. By controlling automatic guided vehicles, robots, and machine tools with one central computer, products can now be produced in a variety of styles and models all at the same time. FMS are designed to adapt quickly and economically to changes in requirements and to unpredictable events. This guide explains how to effectively employ these useful new systems.

  • Advances in Food-Producing Systems For Arid and Semiarid Lands Part A

    • 1st Edition
    • Jamal Manassah
    • English
    Advances in Food-Producing Systems for Arid and Semiarid Lands: Part A contains the proceedings of a symposium on ""Advances in Food-Producing Systems for Arid and Semiarid Lands"" of the International Symposium Series held in Kuwait in April 1980. Organized into five parts, separating the first five sessions of the symposium, this book begins by discussing the needs of arid lands. It then tackles the biotechnologies that may find valuable applications in arid and semiarid lands. Furthermore, it explores the water management and environmental tolerance aspects involved in these harsh environments. The presented papers bring renewed vitality to the hope that appropriate and directed exploitation of various technologies can evolve developable industries for arid and semiarid lands.

  • Pathology of Domestic Animals

    • 4th Edition
    • English
    The all-new Fourth Edition of Pathology of Domestic Animals comprehensively covers the biology and pathology of diseases of domestic animals on a systemic basic. Updated and expanded to reflect the current knowledge of the study of domestic animal diseases, this three-volume set appeals to veterinarians, veterinary students, trainee veterinary pathologists learning the scope of their field, and practicing pathologists confronted with diagnostic problems.

  • Allozyme Electrophoresis

    A Handbook for Animal Systematics and Population Studies
    • 1st Edition
    • B. J. Richardson + 2 more
    • English
    Inherited enzyme variations, studied using electrophoresis, can be used as markers for the identification of individuals, population structure analysis, the delineation of species boundaries and phytogenetic reconstruction. The purpose of this book is to describe, in a single convenient handbook, all the theoretical and practical matters relevant to those intending to use electrophoresis as a tool for answering such questions.

  • Tropical Botanic Gardens

    Their Role in Conservation and Development
    • 1st Edition
    • V. H. Heywood + 1 more
    • English
    This book includes the proceedings of the second symposium on one important role of botanic gardens in conserving world plant resources. Sessions covered topics such as implementing the botanic gardens conservation strategy, regional networks and national programs in the tropics, and germplasm banks in botanic gardens.

  • Reproductive Pathology of Domestic Mammals

    • 1st Edition
    • Mark McEntee
    • English
    This book evolved from a series of lectures and laboratories given by Dr. Kenneth McEntee to students at Cornell University, the University of Illinois, and Tufts University and is based on tissues from over 20,000 cases of reproductive disease in the International Registry of Reproductive Pathology, founded by Dr. McEntee. Dr. McEntee brings into sharp focus what is known of reproductive pathology in North America and abroad. His book will be an invaluable text and reference for those working on the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of reproductive failures of all kinds.

  • Measurement Techniques in Plant Science

    • 1st Edition
    • Yasushi Hashimoto + 3 more
    • English
    Any explanation of the physiological ecology of plant growth--why plants survive in particular environments--requir... the measurement of the effects of environmental factors. This book reviews the history, development, and current status of instruments and measurement techniques that have been particularly useful in field studies of plant physiological ecology. It will be of interest to researchers and students in plant physiology and biochemistry, crop scientists, horticulturalists, and foresters.

  • Trap Responses of Flying Insects

    The Influence of Trap Design on Capture Efficiency
    • 1st Edition
    • R. C. Muirhead-Thompson
    • English
    Insect trapping is a basic field research tool for many biologists, whether they are studying insect pests, disease vectors or insect ecology for its own sake. Any field entomologist contemplating a new insect trapping program or looking to improve or develop an existing scheme will benefit from this broad review of flying insect traps, in which the author draws on a wide variety of methods used by different research projects from all over the world. Over the years a great many traps have been developed and endlessly modified to suit particular species, habitats, and research requirements. In virtually every case the design of the trap interacts with the specific behavior of the insects involved to bias trap efficiency. In addition, the limited dialogue between workers in different subject disciplines and habitats has caused a shortage of new information available to field entomologists as a whole.

  • Channels, Carriers, and Pumps

    An Introduction to Membrane Transport
    • 1st Edition
    • Wilfred D. Stein
    • English
    For students as well as researchers this book describes the exciting new advances in the molecular biology of transport proteins and integrates this information with transport kinetics, function, and regulation. Experimental data are linked with theory.

  • Amphibian Cytogenetics and Evolution

    • 1st Edition
    • David M. Green + 1 more
    • English
    This book appears at a time when molecular cytogenetics is positioned to make a significant impact upon evolutionary studies, enabling problems of chromosomal structure and change to be critically assessed. It is an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of the cytogenetics of a major class of animals, including all three amphibian orders, with chapters authored by international leaders in the field.Amphibian Cytogenetics and Evolution will be of interest to classical and molecular cytogeneticists, systematicists, evolutionary biologists, herpetologists, and anyone using amphibians in genetic research.

  • Exploitation of Environmental Heterogeneity by Plants

    Ecophysiological Processes Above- and Belowground
    • 1st Edition
    • English
    There is a new emerging interest in the effects of gaps and patches on succession and biodiversity. This innovative volume is a synthesis of studies of plant responses to temporal and spatial heterogeneity, the exploitation of resources from pulses and patches by plants, and their competition with neighbors in the face of this variability.Abovegro... the book focuses upon the nature of canopy patchiness, consequences of this heterogeneity for the light environment, and the mechanisms by which plants respond to and exploit this patchiness. Belowground, the text explores the heterogeneity of soil environments and how root systems obtain nutrients and water in the context of this temporal and spatial variability. As a new reference in an evolving and growing field, this text is sure to be a valuable tool for researchers and advanced students in plant physiology, ecology, agronomy, and forestry alike.

  • The Bottlenose Dolphin

    • 1st Edition
    • Stephen Leatherwood + 1 more
    • English
    Because of their exposure in marine parks, movies, and television as well as their presence in tropical and warm-temperature waters around the world, bottlenose dolphins are among the most familiar of marine mammals. Since they are relatively easy to obtain and they thrive in captivity, these dolphins have been used in a great variety of studies. Work with the bottlenose has provided insight into the sensory mechanisms, communication systems, energetics, reproduction, anatomy, and other aspects of cetacean biology. This volume presents the most recent biological and behavioral discoveries of bottlenose dolphins from different regions and compares bottlenose dolphins as a group with other species of animals.

  • The Structure of Nematodes

    • 2nd Edition
    • Alan F. Bird + 1 more
    • English
    An expanded version of the first edition published in 1971, each section of this second edition has been updated and a new section on nematodes has been added. It is aimed at all workers interested in nematodes irrespective of whether they do research on nematodes that are parasites on animals or plants or free-living in the soil.

  • Seed Dispersal

    • 1st Edition
    • David R. Murray
    • English
    Seed Dispersal focuses on the mechanics and processes involved in seed dispersal, including its implications in ecology, animal behavior, plant and animal biogeography, speciation, and evolution. The selection first elaborates on the aerial motion of seeds, fruits, spores, and pollen and seed dispersal by water. Discussions focus on seed dispersal by rain, river, and flood, effective seed dispersal by ocean currents compared to other vectors, aerodynamic forces and their effects, and launching and release mechanisms. The text then takes a look at seed dispersal syndromes in Australian Acacia, including inference of dispersal syndromes, seed dispersal syndromes, ecological consequences of seed dispersal, and evolutionary derivation of dispersal syndromes. The publication ponders on seed dispersal by fruit-eating birds and mammals, rodents as seed consumers and dispersers, and seed dispersal in relation to fire. Topics include fire as a dispersal vector, long distance dispersal, granivorous rodents and the fates of seeds, determinants of the fate path, population ecology of seed dispersal, and foraging for fruits. The selection is a valuable reference for researchers interested in the factors involved in seed dispersal.

  • Fish As Food V1

    Production, Biochemistry,and Microbiology
    • 1st Edition
    • Georg Borgstrom
    • English
    Fish as Food, Volume I: Production, Biochemistry, and Microbiology discusses progress in the field of fish research. This volume is composed of 17 chapters that cover the biology, biochemistry, world production, cultivation, nutritional composition, and microbiology of fish. The introductory chapters present some examples of the biological basis for the relationships between yield in fishery and economics. The book goes on discussing fish cultivation in Europe, Japan, and South East Asia and the factors to consider in various cultivation methods. The subsequent chapters are devoted to the nutritional value of fish, including its lipid, mineral, water, fatty acid, and protein content. A chapter considers the oxidation properties and rancidity of fish. The book also covers some problems related to fishery business, such as the production of histamine, the occurrence of non-protein nitrogenous compounds, and the rigor mortis. The concluding chapters focus on microbiological aspects of fish production. Discussions on the microbial spoilage of marine fish, crustaceans, and mollusks; the microbiology of shellfish deterioration; and the use of chemical preservatives to control microbiological fish deterioration are also included. The book is an invaluable source primarily to food scientists and also to a wide range of research workers, including biologists, chemists, bacteriologists, parasitologists, oceanographers, nutritionists, and technologists.

  • Metabolic Inhibitors V3

    A Comprehensive Treatise
    • 1st Edition
    • R Hochster
    • English
    Metabolic Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Treatise, Volume III reviews developments in metabolic and enzyme inhibition. With contributions by investigators experienced in their respective fields, the book explores metabolic processes or systems and covers topics ranging from membrane transport to immunization; gene activity; DNA, RNA, and protein syntheses; photosynthesis; lipid metabolism; and blood clotting. Organized into 12 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of transport reactions and their inhibition, emphasizing inhibitors of ATPase including cations, substrates, and products. Some chapters deal with inhibitors, such as antibiotics; polypeptide and protein hormones; modified transfer RNAs; and oligonucleotides. Other chapters discuss inhibitors of immune reactions; animal virus replication; plant viruses and mycoplasma; and isozymes. An account of genetic deletions is also given. Finally, the book considers molecules that act as repressors and derepressors of gene activity. This book will be beneficial to biochemists and medical research workers, as well as to virologists, microbiologists, plant physiologists, and agronomists.

  • Evolutionary and Genetic Biology of Primates V2

    • 1st Edition
    • John Buettner-Janusch
    • English
    Evolutionary and Genetic Biology of Primates, Volume II presents research on the evolution and genetic biology of the Primates. This book is organized into six chapters that discuss the serum proteins and hemoglobins; virology; and functional and behavior studies of reproductive systems, manipulative abilities, and displays of the Primates. The opening chapter presents the susceptibility of Primates to host range spans of viruses with both broad and narrow spectra, in relation to their taxonomic classification. The following chapter examines the Primates as a model group for the evaluation of the phylogenetic and evolutionary significance of immunochemical information. This book discusses the relationship of protein structure to evolution and of immunochemistry to protein structure, as well as the application of immunochemical methods in the antigenic correspondence among the Primates. This volume also covers the evolution of hemoglobin from one taxonomic level of the Primates to another. A chapter focuses on the reproductive physiology and behavior of the Lemuroidea, including their external genitalia, testis, sperm ducts, and associated glands. The concluding chapters discuss the role and phylogenetic relations of prehensive patterns and grips in the biology of Primates. A discussion on the origin and evolution of the different groups of components of primate displays is included. This book is an invaluable source for physical anthropologists and researchers, histologists, anatomists, neurologists, geneticists, cytologists, and other specialists.

  • Insects, and Seed Collection, Storage, Testing, and Certification

    • 1st Edition
    • T.T. Kozlowski
    • English
    Seed Biology: Insects, and Seed Collection, Storage, Testing, and Certification, Volume III brings together a large body of important information on seed biology. The book describes seed collection, identification, storage, testing, and certification. It also considers insects that directly affect seeds, seed-producing organs, or seed-bearing structures of plants. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins by outlining man’s dependency on seeds as source of food, fiber, spices, beverages, oils, vitamins, and drugs. Harmful effects of seeds are also mentioned. Separate chapters focus on seed development, dissemination, germination (including metabolism, environmental control, internal control, dormancy, and seed and seedling vigor), protection from diseases and insects, longevity, and deterioration. The book concludes with a discussion on the certification of field and tree seeds, the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development certification schemes, and trends in seed certification. This book is a valuable source of information for seed producers and users as well as various groups of research biologists and teachers, including agronomists, plant anatomists, biochemists, ecologists, entomologists, foresters, horticulturists, plant pathologists, and plant physiologists.

  • Ecology of Halophytes

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert J. Mold
    • English
    Ecology of Halophytes documents the proceedings of a symposium on the ecology of halophytes sponsored by the Physiological Ecology section of the Ecological Society of America, and held as a portion of the American Institute of Biological Sciences meetings in August 1972. The book considers the fundamentals of distribution, anatomy, and physiology of halophytes. It provides an overview of the role of the halophyte in ecosystems in various parts of the world. A section on habitat associations of halophytes considers the relation of the plants to other fauna and flora in natural systems. A final section deals with recent applied research related to halophytes and quantification of the impact of man on the ecology of halophytes. This text will be useful for various disciplines working in saline wetlands ecosystems. It is intended to serve land use planners, federal and state natural resources and transportation interests, and real estate developers in providing a comprehensive summary of the ""state of the art"" in understanding halophytic ecosystems. With a better fundamental knowledge of the system, the above mentioned professionals should be better able to plan activities and uses compatible with the natural halophytic ecosystem and avoid some of the past errors man has made.

  • Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry V3

    With applications and interpretations
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony Albanese
    • English
    Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry: With Applications and Interpretations, Volume III presents the pressing problems in emergency feeding of populations in developing areas of the world with emphasis on the need for simple procedures to assess utilization of dietary proteins. This book reviews the criterion of protein utilization and considers the important components of protein metabolism. Organized into 11 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the metabolic changes induced by deficiencies of essential nutrients. This text then examines the problems of human protein needs in the light of the food habits of vegetarians. Other chapters explore lipid metabolism in terms of its dynamic mechanisms. This book discusses as well the significance of minerals in the utilization of primary foodstuffs, namely, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The final chapter deals with the methodology for studies in human nutrition. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, graduate students, and clinical researchers.

  • Methods in Food Analysis

    Applied to Plant Products
    • 1st Edition
    • Maynard Joslyn
    • English
    Methods in Food Analysis Applied to Food Products deals with the principles and the acquired tools of food analysis, emphasizing fruit and vegetable products. The book explains the suitability and limitations of the analytical procedures used for food products, from polarimetry and saccharimetry to colorimetry, spectrophotometry, viscosimetry, acidimetry, and alcoholometry. This volume is organized into 20 chapters and begins with an overview of sampling and preparation and preservation of sample. Under the physical methods, the principles of the more common procedures are discussed together with their application to the analysis of fruit and vegetable products. A brief account of the nature of the products is included. In presenting the chemical methods, the salient chemical properties of the constituent are first considered, focusing on those properties used in analysis, which is then followed by an outline of the chemistry of several of the available methods. Finally a detailed description of one of the methods, usually as applied to fruit and vegetable products, is explained. Some references to microanalytical, bioassay and bacteriological procedures are made. This book is intended for food technologists, chemists, and manufacturers; students; and researchers involved in quantitative analyses; organic and inorganic chemistry; and bacteriology.

  • Physiological Mammalogy V2

    • 1st Edition
    • William Mayer
    • English
    Physiological Mammalogy, Volume II: Mammalian Reactions to Stressful Environments deals with natural mammalian populations and their adaptations to stressful environments. The book explores the physiology and morphology of reproduction and development; water metabolism; and hibernation. This volume is organized into three chapters and begins with a discussion of aspects of reproduction and embryology that are purely mammalian, emphasizing the mammalian reproductive organs and the evolutionary trends in such organs. The next chapter focuses on water balance in desert rodents. Inasmuch as reproduction is considerably affected by the environment, it also can be considered a process modified by environmental stresses. The final chapter examines hibernation as a mechanism for mammals to avoid periods of unfavorable environment. This chapter also describes the poikilothermic state of mammalian populations during hibernation, along with the consequences of reduced metabolic rate during hibernation. Experimental animal biologists and those who work with mammals will find this book invaluable.

  • Insect Colonization and Mass Production

    • 1st Edition
    • Carroll Smith
    • English
    Insect Colonization and Mass Production reviews the great strides that have been made in the colonization and mass production of insects, including the methods used in rearing representative species and the general principles of nutrition and management that can be applied to the colonization of other species. The book highlights some of the notable successes in mass production and some examples of groups in which the difficulties inherent in laboratory rearing have not yet been overcome. Organized into five sections encompassing 39 chapters, this book begins with an overview of research in entomology that is facilitated by the availability of thriving insect colonies, along with the possibility of controlling insects directly by utilizing the insects, themselves, or by utilizing products derived from insects. Each chapter contains some historical background, as well as a description of the most efficient methods of production. Some chapters are concerned with only a single species, serving as an example of its taxonomic group, and to a lesser extent of other insects with similar nutritional and environmental requirements. Other chapters discuss rearing methods for entire groups of species that share common requirements. Insects covered by the book range from lice and ticks to fleas, flies, moths, yellow fever mosquitoes, and different species of worms. This book will be of interest to entomologists as well as students involved in insect physiology, behavior, and genetics.

  • Biology and Chemistry of Eukaryotic Cell Surfaces

    • 1st Edition
    • E.Y.C. Lee
    • English
    Biology and Chemistry of Eucaryotic Cell Surfaces contains the proceedings of the Miami Winter Symposia, held on January 14- 15, 1974 and organized by the Department of Biochemistry, University of Miami School of Medicine, in Miami, Florida. Organized into 27 chapters, separating the manuscripts presented at the symposium, this book presents the stochastic studies on cell surface stickiness and the adhesion and aggregation of blood platelets. This text also explains the cell-contact and transformation-induc... changes in the dynamic organization of normal and neoplastic cell plasma membranes and their role in lectin-mediated toxicity toward tumor cells. It also looks into the chemical components of surface membranes related to biological properties, carbohydrate antigens of cell surfaces, and molecular orientation of erythrocyte membrane glycoproteins. Some other chapters discuss the cell envelope glycoprotein biosynthesis in fungi, cellular lectin receptors, and topographical alterations of the fat cell surface membrane elicited by concanavalin A. Immunochemical evidence for putrescine sites on the membrane of mammalian cells, as well as the fractionation and biosynthesis of membrane components in erythroid cells, are also described.

  • Biotic Diversity in Agroecosystems

    • 1st Edition
    • D. Pimentel + 1 more
    • English
    The preservation of biodiversity is a high priority among biologists, ecologists and environmentalists. The impact that human activities have on biodiversity is clear; however, few studies have focused on the importance of biodiversity to natural and agricultural ecosystems. In fact, many natural species are essential to sustainable agricultural programs. A new school of thought is appreciating the ecological principles and benefits that diversity of natural biota have for humans and the environment. Landscape ecology and agroecology can play a major role in protecting the environment and conserving biological diversity. The practical opportunities for improving the sustainability of agriculture and making it more environmentally sound were discussed at the Symposium on Agroecology and Conservation Issues, from which 22 papers were collected for this volume. Strategies for increasing biodiversity in agricultural landscapes are provided alongside discussion that agriculture will continue to spread into forests, to meet the growing need for food. Although humans recognize the value of crop and livestock species, few really appreciate the fact that agriculture and forestry cannot function in a productive sustainable way when significant numbers of species in natural biota are lost.

  • Invertebrate Tissue Culture

    • 1st Edition
    • C Vago
    • English
    Invertebrate Tissue Culture, Volume I, reviews advances in the use of tissue and organ culture in invertebrate research in physiology and pathology. It describes methods in invertebrate tissue culture, including organ culture techniques in liquid and gel media; aseptic rearing of invertebrates for tissue culture; and cell culture of organisms, ranging from Lepidoptera and Diptera to Coleoptera, Orthoptera, Dictyoptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera, Crustacea, Arachnida, Merostomacea, and mollusks. Organized into two sections encompassing 13 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the general methodology in cell and organ cultures and their preparation from aseptic conditions. It then discusses methods for the examination of cultures, including those concerning ultrastructure studies by electron microscopy. The reader is also introduced to cell cultures obtained from different groups of invertebrates, with emphasis on peculiarities specific to each group; the morphology and physiology of cultured invertebrate cells; and cultivation and growth of cells. This book is a valuable resource for specialists in the field of invertebrate cell and organ culture.

  • Plant Pathology V1

    The Diseased Plant
    • 1st Edition
    • James G. Horsfall
    • English
    Plant Pathology: An Advanced Treatise, Volume I: The Diseased Plant presents an integrated synthesis of the scope, importance, and history of plant pathology, emphasizing the concept of disease, not of diseases. The book focuses on pathological processes, defense devices, predisposition, and therapy of the diseased plant. It explores the normal pathways that are obstructed in sick plants; how the pathogen causes dysfunction; and how the host plant reacts to the pathogen. This book also considers the logistics and the strategy of disease and how to combat it. This volume is organized into 15 chapters and begins with an overview of plant pathology, its history, and its relation to other sciences, along with plant predisposition to disease, and the resistance-susceptib... problem. The next chapters examine how sickness in plants is recognized and diagnosed, the tissue breakdown in diseases, and the effects of parasites on the processes in plants. The impact of disease on water balance and respiration in plants and the histology of disease resistance in plants are also explained. This volume also covers the physiological and chemical basis of defense by higher plants against potential or invading pathogens and the hypersensitivity concept in plant pathology. The final chapter discusses the physical and chemical therapy of the diseased plant. This book will appeal to all who are interested in a theoretical treatment of plant pathology and in the broad ecological relationships among organisms, as well as to research workers and advanced students of applied biology.

  • Introduction to Food Science and Technology

    • 1st Edition
    • George Stewart
    • English
    Introduction to Food Science and Technology focuses on the importance of food science and food technology to humans. This book discusses the total sequence of operations in food technology, which includes the selection of raw materials, processing, preservation, and distribution. Comprised of nine chapters, this monograph starts with an overview of the processing and storage of food. This book examines how the food processor often controls the producer’s operations by demanding a raw product of a certain type in order to satisfy a particular processing and consumer demand. Other chapters consider the primary concern of food scientists and technologists in the processing and preservation of raw agricultural products as nutritious and stable foods of acceptable quality. The final chapter deals with the variety of jobs available for those trained in the biological, physical, and behavioral sciences and their applications to food processing and food preservation. Food technologists, chemists, and scientists will find this book extremely useful.

  • Metabolic Inhibitors V4

    A Comprehensive Treatise
    • 1st Edition
    • R Hochster
    • English
    Metabolic Inhibitors: A Comprehensive Treatise, Volume IV reviews developments in studies of inhibition of metabolic and enzymic processes ranging from photosynthesis and blood clotting to protein synthesis, fatty acid metabolism, and phospholipid metabolism. The book also explores the inhibition of specific enzyme reactions, such as amino acid activation, amino acid hydroxylation, and cyclic AMP formation. Organized into nine chapters, this volume begins with an overview of allosteric inhibition and inhibitors, and then discusses amino acid hydroxylase inhibitors. The reader is also introduced to inhibitors and activators of enzymes that regulate the cellular concentration of cyclic AMP. In particular, the book describes the role of lipids in the activation of adenyl cyclase by hormones; modification of adenyl cyclase in various physiological and pathological conditions; and synthesis of glycerophosphatides as well as phospho- and glycosphingolipids. This book is a valuable source of information for biochemists and medical research workers as well as virologists, microbiologists, plant physiologists, and agronomists.

  • Fish As Food V4

    Processing: Part 2
    • 1st Edition
    • Georg Borgstrom
    • English
    Fish as Food, Volume IV: Processing: Part 2 focuses on the handling and processing of fish as food, particularly how aquatic resources become human food that is less perishable and more available at all times and at locations far removed from the catching areas. Industrial trends are intricately interwoven with developmental and theoretical findings in many areas of fish and shellfish utilization. Organized into 11 chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on various methods of handling and environmental conditions, and how they affect the storage life of chilled fresh fish and fresh fillets. The first chapter considers the action of microorganisms and the chemical and enzymatic changes taking place in fish. The reader is then introduced to the different types of methods used to evaluate the freshness of seafood as well as the spoilage of fish, along with problems encountered during the canning process. Other chapters focus on fish canning, preservation, and freezing. The book concludes by describing fish processing and preservation aboard ships. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and researchers working in fields such as chemistry, microbiology, refrigeration, and marine science.

  • Biology of Termites

    • 1st Edition
    • Kumar Krishna
    • English
    Biology of Termites, Volume I presents the anatomical, physiological, biochemical, and behavioral laboratory and field studies of termite species. Although termites have been associated mainly with damage, only less than 10% of the species have actually been recorded as pests, obscuring their important ecological role in the breakdown of vegetative matter and their variety and complexity of structure, physiology, social behavior, caste differentiation and regulation, and other aspects of their biology. After briefly describing the social organization, classification, and research history of termites, the book discusses the external morphology of these species and the similarities and differences between the various groups and the different castes. The subsequent chapters cover the internal anatomy of termites, including their digestive physiology, exocrine and endocrine glands, reproductive and nervous systems, and sense organs. Other chapters deal with the social behavior and communication in the termites and the termite colonizing flights and associated activities. The book also examines caste differentiation in the three lower termite families, namely, Hodotermitidae, Kalotermitidae, and Rhinotermitidae. This volume includes discussions on the rearing, feeding, and biochemistry of termites; the radioisotopes for feeding studies; and the moisture requirements for termite survival. The concluding chapters deal with the introduction or interception of termites by humans and their association with fungi, as well as the relationships of termite hosts with termitophiles. Termite biologists, zoologists, botanists, ecologists, behaviorists, biochemists, endocrinologists, and economic entomologists will find this volume invaluable.

  • Agricultural and Industrial Applications Environmental Interactions

    An Advanced Treatise
    • 1st Edition
    • Dewayne Torgeson
    • English
    Fungicides, Volume I: Agricultural and Industrial Applications, Environmental Interactions discusses the application, use, and environmental interactions of fungicides. This book is organized into 15 chapters that cover the commercial development of fungicide and the organism's interaction with the environment. After discussing the history of fungicides, the book presents data on world fungicide usage and how this usage is influenced by epidemiology. It then describes procedures and approaches for commercial fungicide development; practical tests and laboratory techniques for agricultural fungicide toxicity; and significance of fungicide formulation that is determined by a variety of factors, including cost and biological efficiency. The following chapters discuss technological evolution, both in chemical fungicides and in the machinery for their application for soil and seed treatment. The application of foliar and postharvest fungicides and the use of other fungicides as industrial and wood preservatives is also tackled. The last four chapters are concerned with the various interactions between fungicides and the environment which may cause them to be more or less effective. The book will be useful to researchers, advanced students, and professional workers in the fungicide field of study who are concerned with the synthesis and development of better fungicides or their mode of action.

  • The Reproduction of Vertebrates

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard Sadleir
    • English
    The Reproduction of Vertebrates describes the vertebrate reproductive systems in an evolutionary sequence and according to taxonomic classes. This book is divided into seven chapters; each chapter tackles a specific vertebrate class. This text specifically considers fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, and man. Discussions in each chapter include these species’ evolutionary history, classification, external indications of sex, mating, fertilization, development, endocrinology, breeding seasons, sexual maturation, migration, response to environmental factors, and economic importance. The concluding chapter presents the comparative aspects of reproduction of these vertebrates. This text is of great value to teachers and students who are interested in the vertebrate reproductive system.

  • Food Standards and Definitions In the United States

    A Guidebook
    • 1st Edition
    • Frank L. Gunderson
    • English
    Food Standards and Definitions in the United States: A Guidebook reviews significant progress in food standards and food research in the United States. The book offers rapid, convenient, and reliable guidance to existing federal standards, definitions, and specifications and what branches of government issue them, the legal authorization on which they are based, procedures used in establishing them, and where to observe and acquire copies of standards. This guidebook is organized into 12 chapters and begins with a historical overview of the development of federal food standards in the United States, along with the major periodicals on such standards. The next chapters introduce the reader to food standards enacted by Congress, with reference to the Butter Law of 1923, along with food standards introduced by various government agencies. This book is a valuable source of information not only for food scientists but also for those engaged in engineering and development in the food industry, as well as professors and students, home economists, dieticians, lawyers, regulatory officials, writers, and even laymen.

  • Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition

    • 1st Edition
    • E Underwood
    • English
    Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition focuses on trace elements and their nutritional significance to humans and domestic animals. The trace elements covered include copper, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, manganese, iodine, fluorine, selenium, aluminum, arsenic, barium, strontium, boron, bromine, silicon, and vanadium. This book is organized into 13 chapters and begins with an overview of the trace element concept, the mode of action of trace elements, and the use of spectrochemical methods for the detection and estimation of t ace metals in biological materials. The next chapters explore in more detail the importance of trace elements in human and animal nutrition, touching on topics such as absorption and excretion in the body, deficiency, and toxicity. The book concludes by discussing the interrelationships between plants, man and his domestic animals, and the soil, with emphasis on the link between trace element deficiencies and health. An account of factors influencing the trace element contents of plants is also given. Finally, qualitative and quantitative differences in the trace element requirements of plants and animals are described. This book is intended for nutritionists and those who plan to specialize in nutrition.

  • Fish As Food V2

    Nutrition, Sanitation, and Utilization
    • 1st Edition
    • Georg Borgstrom
    • English
    Fish as Food, Volume II: Nutrition, Sanitation, and Utilization summarizes the public health aspects of fish, including fish handling and processing. This volume also discusses the global aspects of fish utilization, illustrating the key role of fisheries in many countries and major regions. Comprised of three parts encompassing 19 chapters, the book initially discusses the protein, amino acid, vitamins, and mineral content of fish and fish oil. This volume also explains the effects of fish processing and handling on these nutritional components. The subsequent chapters present studies on the role of fish in human nutrition, focusing on the Japanese diet. The book also covers the utilization of converted fish-processing wastes to fish meal and condensed fish soluble in feeding poultry, livestock, and mink. The second part of the book focuses on food poisoning caused by fish and fishery products. This part deals with the bacterial activity in fish and related products due to water pollution and contamination. Other chapters examine Salmonella problems in the sea and the allergies and other disorders related to fish poisoning. The effect of radioactivity on marine organisms and the uptake and bioaccumulation of radionuclides in marine organisms are also discussed. Lastly, this volume presents the trends and patterns in fish and shellfish utilization. This volume will be of considerable value primarily to fish and food scientists in general and also to public health workers, marine and fresh-water biologists, nutritionists, and sanitary engineers.

  • Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs

    • 1st Edition
    • Irvin Liener
    • English
    Toxic Constituents of Plant Foodstuffs focuses on toxic substances in foods of plant origin, including protease inhibitors, hemagglutinins, goitrogens, cyanogens, saponins, gossypol, lathyrogens, and allergens. The book also considers adventitious toxic factors in processed foods and miscellaneous toxic factors such as stimulants and depressants, hypoglycemic agents, toxic amino acids, metal-binding constituents, and hepatotoxins. This volume is organized into 13 chapters and begins with an overview of protease inhibitors, including their distribution in the plant kingdom, physical and chemical properties, and mechanism of interaction with proteases. The next chapters focus on the adventitious introduction of toxic factors into processed plant foods; the inactivation of the trypsin inhibitor and hemagglutinin found in legumes by cooking; and the extraction of a nontoxic, edible starch from cycads. The reader is also introduced to lathyrism, the toxicity of agglutinins, occurrence of goitrogens in thioglucoside-contai... plants, and dietary sources of cyanogen. This book will be of interest and value to food scientists who are concerned with the safety of food supply and public health officials tasked with enforcing regulations necessary to ensure the safety of a particular food.

  • Intracellular Transport

    • 1st Edition
    • Katherine Brehme Warren
    • English
    Intracellular Transport, Volume 5 brings together a seemingly disparate group of scientists who offer their perspectives on the processes of and mechanisms underlying intracellular transport. Organized into 14 chapters, this volume begins with a review of some of the viewpoints about membrane structure and the unit membrane concept, including the so-called pauci-molecular theory of cell membrane structure advanced by Danielli and Davson. The next chapters focus on intracellular potentials, the localization of adenine nucleoside phosphatase activity, pinocytosis in amoeba, the brush border of cells, and the transport of gamma-aminobutyric acid. The reader is also introduced to pattern and rhythm; diffusion and reaction coupling; compartmental analysis and residence time distributions; and parametric pumping. The remaining chapters explore intracellular transport fluxes; theoretical aspects of permeability transport; rotating helices and contractile mechanisms; and the movements of cell membranes. This book is a valuable source of information for cellular biologists concerned with nature's evolved processing plants and engineers involved in the analysis and design of chemical processing plants.

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