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Elsevier

Books in Psychology

Elsevier's Psychology collection is vital for students and psychologists, providing a thorough understanding of the mind and behavior. Covering human thought, development, personality, emotion, and motivation, it offers insights into both theoretical and practical aspects. Through topics like cognitive, developmental, and clinical psychology, it equips researchers and students to address real-world challenges and advance their understanding of the field.

  • Speech, Language, and Communication

    • 1st Edition
    • English
    Speech, Language, and Communication provides an overview of research, theory, and methodology in human language, from the spoken signal and its perception, to acts of communication. Each chapter provides a mini-review of research findings. Coverage includes speech production and recognition, visual word recognition, sentence production and comprehension, the acquisition of language, the neurobiological foundations of language, and a summary chapter discussing language as a cooperative act of communication.

  • Interference and Inhibition in Cognition

    • 1st Edition
    • Charles J. Brainerd + 1 more
    • English
    Life scientists have long been familiar with the notion of interference and inhibition in biological systems 3/4 most notably in the neuron. Now these concepts have been applied to cognitive psychology to explain processes in attention, learning, memory, comprehension, and reasoning. Presenting an overview of research findings in this realm, Interference and Inhibition in Cognition discusses what processes are sensitive to interference, individual differences in interference sensitivity, and how age and experience factor into one's ability to inhibit interference.

  • Eye Movement Research

    Mechanisms, Processes and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • J.M. Findlay + 2 more
    • English
    This volume contains selected and edited papers from the 7th European Conference on Eye Movements (ECEM 7) held in Durham, UK on August 31-September 3 1993. The volume is organized as follows:- Invited Lectures, Pursuit and Co-Ordination, Saccade and Fixation Control, Oculomotor Physiology, Clinical and Medical Aspects of Eye Movements, Eye Movements and Cognition, Eye Movements and Language and finally, Displays and Applications.

  • Selectionism and the Brain

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 37
    • English
    Selectionism and the Brain addresses a number of important theoretical issues in light of recent empirical data from neuropsychological studies. Edited by two researchers at The Neurosciences Institute, this volume features contributions from such well-known neuroscientists as W. Singer, L.R. Squire, A. Georgopoulos, and O. Sacks. Selectionism and the Brain evaluates selectionist approaches to brain function, including Gerald Edelmans revolutionary theoryof neural Darwinism, and explores how these approaches change the way we look at neurons, neuronal systems, and the brain.

  • Psychology of Learning and Motivation

    Advances in Research and Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 31
    • English
    The Psychology of Learning and Motivation publishes empirical and theoretical contributions in cognitive and experimental psychology, ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Each chapter provides a thoughtful integration of a body of work. Volume 31 covers children's representations of groups, diagnostic reasoning in medical expertise, and object representation.

  • Advances in Child Development and Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 25
    • English
    Advances in Child Development and Behavior is intended to ease the task faced by researchers, instructors, and students who are confronted by the vast amount of research and theoretical discussion in child development and behavior. The serial provides scholarly technical articles with critical reviews, recent advances in research, and fresh theoretical viewpoints. Volume 25 offers perspectives on children's activity memory, spatial representation, social reasoning, and metacognitive development.

  • Neuropsychology

    • 1st Edition
    • Dahlia W. Zaidel
    • English
    The field of neuropsychology has grown rapidly in recently years. New developments have been of interest across disciplines to cognitive, clinical, and experimental psychologists as well as neuroscientists. Neuropsychology presents a comprehensive overview of where the field stands now relative to all these disciplines. Representing the critical areas in human neuropsychology, this book begins with the history and development of the field and proceeds to discuss brain structure and function with regard to attention, perception, emotion, language, and movement.

  • Losing Control

    How and Why People Fail at Self-Regulation
    • 1st Edition
    • Roy F. Baumeister + 2 more
    • English
    Self-regulation refers to the self's ability to control its own thoughts, emotions, and actions. Through self-regulation, we consciously control how much we eat, whether we give in to impulse, task performance, obsessive thoughts, and even the extent to which we allow ourselves recognition of our emotions. This work provides a synthesis and overview of recent and long-standing research findings of what is known of the successes and failures of self-regulation.Peop... the world over suffer from the inability to control their finances, their weight, their emotions, their craving for drugs, their sexual impulses, and more. The United States in particular is regarded by some observers as a society addicted to addiction. Therapy and support groups have proliferated not only for alcoholics and drug abusers but for all kinds of impulse control, from gambling to eating chocolate. Common to all of these disorders is a failure of self-regulation, otherwise known as "self-control."The consequences of these self-control problems go beyond individuals to affect family members and society at large. In Losing Control, the authors provide a single reference source with comprehensive information on general patterns of self-regulation failure across contexts, research findings on specific self-control disorders, and commentary on the clinical and social aspects of self-regulation failure. Self-control is discussed in relation to what the "self" is, and the cognitive, motivational, and emotional factors that impinge on one's ability to control one's "self."

  • Animal Learning and Cognition

    • 1st Edition
    • N. J. Mackintosh
    • English
    How do animals learn? By what means can animals be conditioned? This volume of the acclaimed Handbook of Perception and Cognition, Second Edition, reviews such basic models as Pavlovian conditioning as well as more modern models of animal memory and social cognition. Sure to represent a benchmark of a vast literature from diverse disciplines, this reference work is a useful addition to any library devoted to animal learning, conditioning behavior, and interaction.

  • Learning and Memory in Normal Aging

    • 1st Edition
    • Donald H. Kausler
    • English
    Donald Kausler is one of the founding fathers of research on aging. Internationally recognized, his efforts have formed the cornerstone of research on how age affects memory and learning. Now, in one comprehensive volume, Kausler condenses research findings in this realm into one engaging and forthright book. What are the effects of aging on classical and operant conditioning? How does age affect memory capacity/transfer of learning skill acquisition? Kausler addresses all of these issues and more in a clearly presented, easily understood review of major research findings.

  • Cognitive Science

    The Science of Intelligent Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • George F. Luger + 4 more
    • English
    The interdisciplinary field of cognitive science brings together elements of cognitive psychology, mathematics, perception, linguistics, and artificial intelligence. Given this breadth, textbooks have had difficulty providing balanced coverage-most resort to disjointed edited treatises that prove difficult to use.Cognitive Science provides a unified and comprehensive look at the field, from foundations to applications. Luger explores the logical and philosophical bases of cognitive science with multiple models of intelligence, including neural networks and connectionism. Practical programming examples are included along with an introduction to PROLOG.

  • The Psychology of Risk Taking Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 107
    • R.M. Trimpop
    • English
    This book aims to help the reader to understand what motivates people to engage in risk taking behavior, such as participating in traffic, sports, financial investments, or courtship. The consequences of risk taking may be positive, or result in accidents and injuries, especially in traffic. The wealth of studies and theories (about 1000 references) is used to offer a cohesive, holistic view of risk motivation. The risk motivation theory is a dynamic state-trait model incorporating physiological, emotional and cognitive components of risk perception, processing and planning. If a deficit exists between desired and perceived risk, risk compensation behavior results. A feedback loop provides new information for the next perception-motivatio... process. Assumptions were tested and support was found with 120 subjects in a longitudinal study. The concepts and findings are discussed in relation to psychological theories and their meaning for our daily lives.

  • Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, Volume 2

    • 1st Edition
    • Vilayanur S. Ramachandran
    • English

  • Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, Volume 1

    • 1st Edition
    • Vilayanur S. Ramachandran
    • English

  • Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, Volume 4

    • 1st Edition
    • Vilayanur S. Ramachandran
    • English

  • Encyclopedia of Human Behavior, Volume 3

    • 1st Edition
    • Vilayanur S. Ramachandran
    • English

  • Inhibitory Processes in Attention, Memory and Language

    • 1st Edition
    • Dale Dagenbach + 1 more
    • English
    The book identifies how excitory and inhibitory messages in the human nervous system combine and coordinate to affect attention, cognition, memory and language. Communication within the nervous system involves the excitation and inhibition of neurons. How these processes interact to affect cognition and behavioural performance has been an area of ongoing investigation that is once again at the forefront of cognitive research. This volume brings together cognitive psychologists and neuroscientists to identify the neural evidence for inhibitory mechanisms in cognitive processing and discusses how these inhibitory mechanisms subsequently affect cognition and behaviour.

  • Advances in the Study of Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 23
    • English
    Advances in the Study of Behavior continues to serve scientists across a wide spectrum of disciplines. Focusing on new theories and research developments with respect to behavioral ecology, evolutionary biology, and comparative psychology, these volumes serve to foster cooperation and communication in these diverse fields. Volume 23 focuses on research on the lower vertebrates with respect to the functional significance of different breeding strategies, the level at which natural selection acts, methods of teasing apart the genetic control of behavior, the assumptions underlying models of territoriality, and signalling systems and the sensory mechanisms on which they depend.

  • Intelligence, Mind, and Reasoning

    Structure and Development
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 106
    • A. Demetriou + 1 more
    • English
    This volume aims to contribute to the integration of three traditions that have remained separate in psychology. Specifically, the developmental, the psychometric, and the cognitive tradition. In order to achieve this aim, the text deals with these three aspects of human knowing that have been the focus of one or more of the three traditions for many years. Answers are provided to questions such as the following: What is common to intelligence, mind, and reasoning? What is specific to each of these three aspects of human knowing? How does each of them affect the functioning and development of the other?The chapters are organized into two parts. Part I focuses on intelligence and mind and has reasoning at the background. The papers in this part present new theories and methods that systematically attempt to bridge psychometric theories of intelligence with theories of cognitive development or information processing theories. Part II focuses on mind and reasoning and has intelligence at the background. The papers in this part develop models of reasoning and attempt to show how reasoning interacts with mind and intelligence. Two discussion chapters are also included. These highlight the convergences and the divergences of the various traditions as represented in the book.

  • The Grasping Hand

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 104
    • C.L. MacKenzie + 1 more
    • English
    The simple task of grasping objects has been studied for centuries by scientists, therapists and engineers who have tried to understand and duplicate the versatility of the human hand. Using an interdisciplinary approach and new framework for looking at prehension, the authors uncover the subleties of the amazing interaction between the hand and the brain. They draw from such diverse fields as experimental psychology, kinesiology, robotics, neural networks, artificial intelligence, neuropsychology and rehabilitation. A triangle strategy is presented, starting from conceptual models that suggest both experimental and computational models. Chapters describe the multiple postures established by the hand, phases in the dynamic process of reaching for, grasping and manipulating various objects, and the constraints acting on such activity.Appendices provide the complete anatomy of the upper limb, the basics of computational modelling, and the fundamentals of prosthetic and dextrous robot hands. The ultimate goal of this book is to develop a common vocabularly for multidisciplinary researchers who strive to understand a system as complex as the hand under the control of the human brain.

  • Dynamical Systems in Social Psychology

    • 1st Edition
    • Robin R. Vallacher + 1 more
    • English
    A dynamical system refers to a set of elements that interact in complex, often nonlinear ways to form coherent patterns. Because of the complexity of these interactions, the system as a whole may evolve over time in seemingly unpredictable ways as new patterns of behavior emerge. This metatheory has proven useful in understanding diverse phenomena in meteorology, population biology, statistical mechanics, economics, and cosmology. The book demonstrates how the dynamical systems perspective can be applied to theory construction and research in social psychology, and in doing so, provides fresh insight into such complex phenomena as interpersonal behavior, social relations, attitudes, and social cognition.

  • Cognition and Culture

    A Cross-Cultural Approach to Cognitive Psychology
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 103
    • J. Altarriba
    • English
    While the main source of knowledge of human cognition has come from studies of information processing in a single culture, primarily within the U.S. or within certain countries in Europe, much research has also been conducted in other parts of the world. Can the study of cognition across cultures lead us to interesting conclusions about human cognition in general? Surely any general theory of language processing, for example, must be able to explain phenomena observed across cultures and not just within a single one. This book is an attempt to look at this issue of universals in thinking and understanding by providing a compendium of cross cultural investigations in the four major areas of cognitive psychology: (1) memory and knowledge representation, (2) language processing, (3) perception, and (4) reasoning and problem solving. The differences found across cultures are also fascinating and extremely informative. A final chapter provides a summary of the major findings reported in each of these areas.The chapters included in this work were written for those interested in cross-cultural psychology and also those with an interest in cultural anthropology. The authors are well-known in the areas of cross-cultural psychology, cognitive psychology, linguistics, and anthropology. However, the reader need not be an expert in any one of these fields to understand the conclusions and implications of the work reported here.

  • Psychology of Learning and Motivation

    Advances in Research and Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 30
    • English
    With a long-standing tradition for excellence, this series is a collection of quality papers that are widely read by researchers in cognitive and experimental psychology. Each chapter thoughtfully integrates the writings of leading contributors, who present and discuss significant bodies of research relevant to their discipline.

  • Cognitive Issues in Motor Expertise

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 102
    • J. Starkes + 1 more
    • English
    The intent of this book is to describe those perceptual and cognitive components which contribute to skilled motor performance in a wide variety of disciplines, including sports, microsurgery, video games, and speech. Also considered are issues in the measurement of motor skill, the development of motor skill across the life span, and the importance of individual differences in the development of motor skill. Many chapters contain studies employing the expertise approach used so successfully to study cognitive skills in psychology. Using this approach, expert performers are compared to novices on domain relevant laboratory tasks in order to determine whether specific cognitive or perceptual processes are related to performance differences.This volume will be of value to kinesiologists, sport psychologists, physical educators, and cognitive psychologists who are interested in a new perspective on the nature of motor skills. The majority of the chapters include reviews of the literature necessary to understand the case being made. Thus, the book may be understood by any reader with a basic course in psychology or motor behavior.

  • Memory in Everyday Life

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 100
    • G.M. Davies + 1 more
    • English
    The last decade has seen a major growth in research on how memory is used in everyday life. This volume represents a reaction to traditional laboratory-bound studies of the first half of the century which sought to identify the fundamental principles of learning and memory through the use of materials and methods totally divorced from the real world. The new wave of memory research has had considerable success in charting how memory develops, the role it plays in educational and social skills and the impact of memory impairment on mental life. The current volume consists of authoritative reviews of this emerging area linked to comment and criticism from major researchers in the field.Contrasted, probably for the first time, are two major styles of research in applied memory research: The naturalistic approach, which has sought to study memory in everyday environments, using actual experiences from people's lives as the raw data from which to derive more general principles, and the applied cognitive approach, whereby theories and methods are developed using orthodox laboratory techniques which are then validated by applying them directly to real phenomena. This is one of the few books to bring together evidence across the very wide spectrum of humdrum activity that constitutes the everyday uses of memory.

  • Adult Information Processing

    Limits on Loss
    • 1st Edition
    • John Cerella + 2 more
    • English
    This book aims to reverse the bias shown in research literature concerning the decline of information processing abilities with age. Twenty chapters identify areas of limited or no decline in cognitive functioning with respect to rate of information processing, attentional capacity, object perception, word perception, language comprehension, learning, memory, and problem-solving. These findings attest to the imbalance of previous published research, presenting a fairer portrayal of the aged mind.

  • Foundations of Perceptual Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 99
    • S.C. Masin
    • English
    Historical analysis reveals that perceptual theories and models are doomed to relatively short lives. The most popular contemporary theories in perceptual science do not have as wide an acceptance among researchers as do some of those in other sciences. To understand these difficulties, the authors of the present volume explore the conceptual and philosophical foundations of perceptual science. Based on logical analyses of various problems, theories, and models, they offer a number of reasons for the current weakness of perceptual explanations. New theoretical approaches are also proposed. At the end of each chapter, dicussants contribute to the conclusions by critically examining the authors' ideas and analyses.

  • Imagery, Creativity, and Discovery

    A Cognitive Perspective
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 98
    • B. Roskos-Ewoldsen + 2 more
    • English
    What factors affect creativity and the generation of creative images? What factors affect the ability to reinterpret those images? Research described in this book indicates that expectations constrain both of these attributes of creativity. Characteristics of the imagined pattern, such as cohesiveness or its psychological goodness, also affect image generation and reinterpretation. Other evidence indicates that images can be combined mentally to yield new, manipulable composites. Cognitive models encompass the research and extend it to fields as diverse as architecture, music, and problem solving.

  • Perceptions of Phobia and Phobics

    The Quest for Control
    • 1st Edition
    • Beulah McNab
    • English
    Perceptions of Phobia and Phobics connects perceptual theory to understanding phobia, relating it both to clinical experienceand quantitative experimental results. The book gives a general treatment of contemporary theories of perception on concepts of control, and discusses the question of information actually available to phobic patients and normal persons in situations that have been clinically described as phobogenic. The book begins by tracing the historical roots in phobia, arguing for a more multidimensional approach in understanding the disorder. It then gives a more general treatment of contemporary theories of perception and presents the case of reconciling the representational and the ecological standpoint. The nature of the information available to perceptual systems which initiates and maintains the phobia is also discussed, raising new and intriguing questions regarding the perceptual process and the dynamics of control in normal and phobic behaviors. Perceptions of Phobia and Phobics is of interest to practicing clinicians, researchers, graduate students and academia in psychology, clinical psychology, and psychiatry and perception.

  • The Development of Coordination in Infancy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 97
    • G.J.P. Savelsbergh
    • English
    This volume attempts to bring together a collection of current approaches to, and related empirical investigations on, the development of coordination in the first two years of life. It will be of interest to scientists and students in, for example, biology, human movement sciences, kinesiology, psychology, pediatrics, physiology, physical education, physical therapy and robotics.Contributor... include those with established reputations in the field, as well as young authors, who are beginning to make their mark. Their efforts resulted in twenty chapters, of which seventeen were invited. The chapters have been divided into four sections. The first chapter is intended to outline the structure of the book.

  • Affect, Cognition and Stereotyping

    Interactive Processes in Group Perception
    • 1st Edition
    • Diane M. Mackie + 1 more
    • English
    This volume presents a collection of chapters exploring the interface of cognitive and affective processes in stereotyping. Stereotypes and prejudice have long been topics of interest in social psychology, but early literature and research in this area focused on affect alone, while later studies focused primarily on cognitive factors associated with information processing strategies. This volume integrates the roles of both affect and cognition with regard to the formation, representation, and modification of stereotypes and the implications of these processes for the escalation or amelioration of intergroup tensions.

  • Advances in the Study of Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 22
    • English
    Advances in the Study of Behavior is the leading series in its field. Each volume includes a variety of review essays by experts providing authoritative overviews of key areas of current interest that are invaluable to the teacher, student, and researcher in the field of behavior, whether psychologist or biologist. This volume continues the tradition of excellence in the study of behavior by covering a whole range of biological and psychological research. Each of the chapters presents new ideas, with a particularly interesting approach to sexual coercion. The volume as a whole has a particular strength in the area of behavioral development, which is the main topic of the last three chapters.

  • Advances in Child Development and Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 24
    • English
    Advances in Child Development and Behavior is intended to ease the task faced by researchers, instructors, and students who are confronted by the vast amount of research and theoretical discussion in child development and behavior. The serial provides scholarly technical articles and a place for the publication of scholarly speculation. In these documented critical reviews, recent advances in the field are summarized and integrated, complexities are exposed, and fresh viewpoints are offered. The serial should be useful to experts it the area as well as graduate students. Each volume of Advances in Child Development and Behavior contains an index, and each chapter includes references.

  • Vision in Vehicles IV

    • 1st Edition
    • I.D. Brown + 3 more
    • A.G. Gale
    • English
    This volume contains contributions illuminating much of the current research occurring in the area of visual perception. It encompasses all aspects of vision and its relationship to vehicle design, including both the internal and external design of the vehicle as well as the perceptual and cognitive limitations of the vehicle controller.Issues specifically related to the vision of the driver are initially addressed and the problems of vehicle glazing and light transmission are considered. The major topics of visual perception and vehicle control are covered in three related chapters encompassing: collision avoidance, vehicle signalling systems and the acquisition of visual information. Moving on to the external environment and its relationship to vision, traffic signs are discussed. Approaches to the measurement and modelling of driver behaviour are dealt with and the area of telerobotic control of vehicles is considered. In-vehicle displays are covered in two related chapters addressing issues of visual workload and effects of display type.It is hoped that the book, contributed to by experts from a diverse range of disciplines, including optometrists, psychologists, physiologists, human factors specialists and engineers, will stimulate the progression of research in this area, as effectively as the preceding volumes did.

  • The Intelligent Imitator

    Towards an Exemplar Theory of Behavioral Choice
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 95
    • R. Kvadsheim
    • English
    This monograph presents a novel conceptual framework for the study of human social behavior with potentially far-reaching implications. Owing to the role it accords to stored memory representations of observed occurrences (examples) of actions, the proposed framework is referred to as the Exemplar Choice Theory, or ECT. The theory links perception and action and combines an expectancy-value perspective on choice behavior, with features of recent exemplar-based approaches to the study of human information processing. It addresses the influence of social models, as well as the impact of past action consequences and differs from extant theories of instrumental learning. The volume focuses on two extreme classes of conditions defined in terms of the actor's limited access to information and discusses available evidence from many areas of psychology. Its structure is as follows: the introductory chapter locates the proposed theory within a historical context; this is followed by an overview of the main structure of the conceptual framework; subsequently, general propositions are presented and discussed in detail; later, empirical implications are derived for certain extreme classes of choice conditions and considered in the light of empirical evidence. It is hoped the publication will inspire students and researchers of psychology, biology, zoology and of many social sciences, including sociology, anthropology, decision research, marketing, economics, cognitive science and mass media studies to undertake further research and to reconsider existing data and frameworks.

  • Orthography, Phonology, Morphology and Meaning

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 94
    • R. Frost + 1 more
    • English
    The area of research on printed word recognition has been one of the most active in the field of experimental psychology for well over a decade. However, notwithstanding the energetic research effort and despite the fact that there are many points of consensus, major controversies still exist.This volume is particularly concerned with the putative relationship between language and reading. It explores the ways by which orthography, phonology, morphology and meaning are interrelated in the reading process. Included are theoretical discussions as well as reviews of experimental evidence by leading researchers in the area of experimental reading studies. The book takes as its primary issue the question of the degree to which basic processes in reading reflect the structural characteristics of language such as phonology and morphology. It discusses how those characteristics can shape a language's orthography and affect the process of reading from word recognition to comprehension.Contri... by specialists, the broad-ranging mix of articles and papers not only gives a picture of current theory and data but a view of the directions in which this research area is vigorously moving.

  • Psychology of Learning and Motivation

    Advances in Research and Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 28
    • English
    The objective of the series has always been to provide a forum in which leading contributors to an area can write about significant bodies of research in which they are involved. The operating procedure has been to invite contributions from interesting, active investigators, and then allow them essentially free rein to present their perspectives on important research problems. The result of such invitations over the past two decades has been collections of papers which consist of thoughtful integrations providing an overview of a particular scientific problem. The series has an excellent tradition of high quality papers and is widely read by researchers incognitive and experimental psychology. The volume presents research ranging from classical and instrumental conditioning to complex learning and problem solving. Topics covered fall within a wide range of disciplines from neuroscience to artificial intelligence.

  • Percepts, Concepts and Categories

    The Representation and Processing of Information
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 93
    • B. Burns
    • English
    The most important distinction derived from the computational view of thought is between structures and processes. So proclaimed Farah and Kosslyn in 1982, arguing that structures and processes cannot be examined in isolation and concluding that converging operations are required to isolate the structure-process pair that can explain a particular finding. The distinction between structure and process within the study of percepts, concepts and categories is considered in depth in this volume, with penetrating commentaries by fellow authors concluding each chapter. This interesting format achieves a broad coverage of the various aspects and implications of the structure-process distinction. It affords a salient indication of the diversity of positions as to the description and utility of distinguishing structures and processors. At the same time, it reveals that researchers specializing in areas of study ranging from simple structure and process involved in perceptual organization and texture to complex structure and process associated with reading graphs and chess expertise, do utilize such a distinction in similar ways. The analysis is organized into four major parts within the book: Early Visual Representation and Processing; Percepts, Concepts, Categories and Development; Categories, Concepts and Learning; and Higher-Order Representation and Processing.

  • Maternal Substance Abuse and the Developing Nervous System

    • 1st Edition
    • Ian S. Zagon + 1 more
    • English
    The purpose of this book is to review the basic science and clinical findings concerning maternal substance abuse and the developing nervous system of unborn children. The short-term but vitally significant repercussions of such exposure on biological development, with particular reference to the nervous system, are discussed. The book also discusses the profound influence of maternal substance abuse on behavior in adulthood, which is caused by subtle changes in the chemistry or structure of the developing nervous system. The subject will not only be of interest to clinical and basic science researchers and teachers in the field of maternal substance abuse, but also to individuals in psychology, social work, cellular and molecular biolgoy, embryology, neuroscience, pharmacology, and in clinical professions such as pediatrics, neonatology, and obstetrics. The breadth of topics covered includes alcohol, cocaine, opiates, nicotine, benzodiazepines, marijuana, and the role of stress and hormones. Emphasis is placed on the relationship of the effects of substance abuse on neurotrophic factors and receptors.

  • Psychophysical Approaches to Cognition

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 92
    • D. Algom
    • English
    Our lives are informed by perceptual and cognitive processes at all levels, from instrumental learning to metaphorical discourse to memorial representation. Yet, historically, these two branches of experimental psychology, perception and cognition, have developed separately using independent methods of experimentation and analysis. This volume is motivated by the assumption that a fundamental integration of the two fields is fruitful methodologically and indispensable theoretically. It explores how the notion of psychophysics aligned with cognitive processes shapes the study of perception and cognition, and illuminates a variety of contemporary research issues from a novel theoretical perspective. The papers raise conceptual and metatheoretical issues against the background of relevant empirical data.The authors provide a virtually narrative account of the most recent developments in their respective fields of expertise in psychophysics and cognitive psychology. Hence, this volume gives the interested reader an opportunity to reflect critically upon some of the current issues defining the two domains and their conjunction. Topics discussed include the psychology and psychophysics of similarity, the psychophysics of visual memory and cognitive factors in judgment. The emerging notion of cognitive psychophysics may well warrant the attention of experts in the field.

  • International Review of Research in Mental Retardation

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 18
    • English
    This serial was established under the editorship of Dr. Norman R. Willis in 1966. As a result of his editorial effort and the contributions of many authors, the serial is now recognized as the area's best source of reviews of behavioral research on mental retardation. From its inception, active research scientists and graduate students in mental retardation have looked to this serial as a major source of critical reviews of research and theory in the area. These volumes are required reading for any professional seeking a deeper insight into the behavioral consequences of intellectual and developmental handicaps.

  • Social Discourse and Moral Judgement

    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel N. Robinson
    • English
    This edited work presents a unique and authoritative look at morality - its development within the individual, its evolution within society, and its place within the law. The contributors represent some of the foremost authorities in these fields, and the book represents a collection of essays presented at a symposium on social constructivism and morality.

  • The Role of Eye Movements in Perceptual Processes

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 88
    • E. Chekaluk + 1 more
    • English
    It has become a truism that the frozen optical diagram representation of vision is the worst possible picture of the way in which we visually interact with the environment. Even apart from our reaction to moving targets by pursuit movements, our visual behaviour can be said to be characterised by eye movements. We sample from our environment in a series of relatively brief fixations which move from one point to another in a series of extremely rapid jerks known as saccades. Many questions arising from this characteristic of vision are explored within this volume, including the question of how our visual world maintains its perceptual stability despite the drastic changes in input associated with these eye movements.

  • Language Processing in Chinese

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 90
    • Hsuan Chih Chen + 1 more
    • English
    The aim of this book is to integrate the most recent research in the cognitive aspects of the Chinese language into a single academic reference for those interested in language processing and related fields. Chinese is perhaps the most widely used language in the world. In addition to its popularity, many specific features make it unique in relation to many Indo-European languages. Chinese words generally do not have inflections indicating grammatical attributes such as number, gender and case for nouns, or tense and aspect for verbs. Chinese words have no inherently marked lexical categories. Unlike the alphabetic symbols common to Indo-European languages, the Chinese writing system is logographic in nature. Chinese script/speech relationship is highly opaque, with the Chinese characters representing lexical morphemes in contrast to alphabetic symbols which represent phonemes. This volume presents research findings indispensable to the general understanding of human language processing about how people process the Chinese language.

  • Memory Functioning in Dementia

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 89
    • L. Backman
    • English
    Dementia diseases are the most common cause of severe mental deterioration in the world today, and expected changes in the population structure will inevitably result in a gradually increasing occurrence of dementia. One of the primary symptoms of dementia diseases is severe memory dysfunction. Knowledge about the ways in which dementia diseases affect memory increases our knowledge about the relationship between brain structures and memory functions, is imperative for early clinical diagnosis, and forms a basis for sound behavioral and pharmacological intervention. While the memory impairment in dementia has been known for more than 2000 years, the nature of this impairment is not yet completely understood. Research in this area has not, until quite recently, utilized theoretical and methodological advances from basic cognitive psychology. This volume gives a comprehensive treatment of this new and increasingly developing field of inquiry.

  • Cognitive Ergonomics

    Contributions from Experimental Psychology
    • 1st Edition
    • G.C. van der Veer + 2 more
    • English
    This collection of papers illustrates how concepts, theories and techniques from experimental psychology can be applied in the domain of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). An experimental psychological basis for cognitive ergonomics is presented, built on a foundation of theoretical and experimental research. In addition, various issues in cognitive ergonomics are closely examined, including performance in specific interactive tasks - such as computer programming and program debugging. Other subject areas covered include database interrogation, text editing and graphics design.

  • Advances in the Study of Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 21
    • English
    Advances in the Study of Behavior remains one of the most-turned-to sources for penetrating insight on the latest findings in behavior research. This serial has kept pace with the vigorous multidisciplinary growth of the field and covers all major aspects, from ecology to endocrinology, in both human and animal subjects. Critical reviews, presentations of major research programs, and communication of significant new concepts provide readers with an up-to-date overview of the latest developments in this field.The series does not focus narrowly on one or a few fields, but features articles covering the best behavioral work from a wide spectrum. The skill and concepts of scientists in such diverse fields necessarily differ, making the task of developing cooperation and communication among them a difficult one. But it is one that is of great importance, and one to which the editors and publisher of Advances in the Study of Behavior are committed. Each volume of Advances in the Study of Behavior contains an index, and each chapter includes references.

  • Intelligence

    • 2nd Edition
    • Nathan Brody
    • English
    This is the Second Edition of Nathan Brody's popular book Intelligence, originally published in 1976. It presents a comprehensive review of contemporary research in this field, including coverage of such controversial topics as the genetic and environmental influences on IQ and individual and group differences in intelligence. The book also discusses both the psychometric and cognitive approaches to intelligence as well as new theories in the field.

  • Issues, Theory, and Research in Industrial/Organizational Psychology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 82
    • Louise Kelley
    • English
    Industrial/Organizat... psychologists are a rather diverse group of people with a common interest in applying psychology to work settings. This is the conclusion reached by George Alliger in the opening chapter of this volume, setting the tone for the rest of the book, which attempts to expand our view of what can be considered as I/O psychology.The authors of the individual chapters are from a variety of backgrounds, not all of them directly associated with I/O psychology, and they discuss topics such as managerial success andtraining, as well as topics much more on the edge of I/O such as team-building and organizational theory. Thus, this volume makes an important statement about the potential diversity of our field. At the same time, it will help move ustowards that diversity by providing insights and information in areas that should be, and are becoming part of the realm of I/O psychology. These insights into non-traditional topics, as well as particularly interesting approaches to more traditional areas, make this volume worthwhile and useful to almost anyone concerned with I/O psychology.

  • Cognitive Processing in Bilinguals

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 83
    • R.J. Harris
    • English
    This collection of 33 papers represents the most current thinking andresearch on the study of cognitive processing in bilingual individuals. Thecontributors include well-known figures in the field and promising newscholars, representing four continents and work in dozens of languages.Instead of the social, political, or educational implications ofbilingualism, the focus is on how bilingual people (mostly adults) thinkand process language.

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