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Elsevier

Books in Chemistry

Chemistry topic areas include: physical and theoretical, computational, organic, organometallic and inorganic, pharmaceutical and medicinal, analytical and bioanalytical, nuclear, general, nanochemistry, geochemistry, materials and polymer, as well as environmental, green and sustainable chemistry.

  • Annual Reports in Inorganic and General Syntheses-1973

    • 1st Edition
    • Kurt Niedenzu + 1 more
    • English
    Annual Reports in Inorganic and General Syntheses-1973 presents an organized annual summary of synthetic developments in inorganic chemistry and its related areas. The book covers the synthetic aspects and structural or mechanistic features of elements, including the main group hydrides, alkali and alkaline earth elements, boron, aluminium, gallium, indium, thallium, silicon, germanium, tin, and lead, nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, chalcogens, halogens and pseudohalogens, and noble gases. The text also discusses the synthetic aspects and structural or mechanistic features of elements of yttrium, scandium, lanthanides, and actinides, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium, rhenium, iron, cobalt, and nickel. The chemistry of ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, copper, silver, gold, zinc, cadmium, and mercury is also encompassed. The book concludes by describing the synthesis and structures of metalloporphyrins. Chemists, chemistry students, and people working in chemical laboratories will find the book invaluable.

  • Advances in Liquid Crystal Research and Applications

    Proceedings of the Third Liquid Crystal Conference of the Socialist Countries, Budapest, 27–31 August 1979
    • 1st Edition
    • Lajos Bata
    • English
    Advances in Liquid Crystal Research and Applications, Volume 2 covers the proceedings of the Third Liquid Crystal Conference of the Socialist Countries. The book discusses several papers concerning the development and advancement of the research and application aspects of liquid crystals. The text is comprised of 52 chapters that are organized into four parts explaining an aspect of liquid crystal. Part I covers amphiphilic, while Part II discusses mesomorphic polymers. The third part tackles synthesis and the fourth part talks about the physical properties and applications. The book will be of great use to researchers and professionals whose line of work concerns liquid crystals.

  • Extrusion Reactions

    • 1st Edition
    • B. P. Stark + 1 more
    • English
    Extrusion Reactions presents a critical review of the reactions which presents a rupture of both of the bonds connecting an atom or a small group of atoms into a ring system. It discusses the loss of small fragments from cyclic structures under non-catalyzed conditions. It addresses those reactions wherein the major output and starting materials are cyclic. It demonstrates the general characteristics of the main classes of residua. Some of the topics covered in the book are the conditions for extrusion; types of concurrent reactions; choice of experimental conditions in extrusion; structural requirements for extrusion, and special cases of the reaction; extrusion from analogous systems; extrusions of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; and extrusion of sulfur dioxide and oxidized sulfur fragments. The extrusions of the elementary chalcogens: sulfur, selenium, and oxygen are fully covered. Extrusion of nitrogen from pyrazolines and 3H-pyrazoles are extensively discussed. An in-depth evaluation of the course of extrusion from pyrazolines is provided. The extrusion of nitrogen from triazolines and formation of aziridines from triazolines are also presented. A chapter is devoted to possible intervention of oxadiazolines and thiadiazolines in syntheses of oxirans. The book can provide useful information to chemists, students, and researchers.

  • Trace Analysis

    Volume 3
    • 1st Edition
    • James F. Lawrence
    • English
    Trace Analysis, Volume 3 focuses on critical discussions of selected topics in organic and inorganic analytical chemistry including instrumentation, techniques, and applications to the detection, identification, and quantitation of trace quantities of substances in a large variety of sample materials. The book is divided into two parts: Section 1, biological fluids and tissues, and Section 2, environmental analysis. Chapters are devoted in the discussion of subjects on the analysis of carbonyl compounds; the use of enzymatic methods for clinical analysis; the use of fluorescence spectroscopy for single compounds or multicomponent analysis of pollutants in air, water, and soils, with emphasis on fuel oils; and the analysis of polycyclic aromatic compounds in combustion emissions. Organic and inorganic chemists and medical technicians will find the book a good reference text.

  • 4-Aminobenzenesulfonamides

    6-Membered Heterocyclic Substituents and Miscellaneous Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 36
    • A.N. Paruta + 1 more
    • English
    One of three volumes which together cover all reported solubility data for an important pharmaceutical class: the sulfonamides. A knowledge of solubility data is invaluable in all pharmaceutical research. Published solubility data for the title compounds have been compiled and critically evaluated, resulting in recommended solubility values which practising scientists may use with confidence. Each volume includes structural formulae and molecular weight details for the compounds covered, conveniently grouped together.

  • High Resolution NMR

    Theory and Chemical Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Edwin D. Becker
    • English
    High Resolution NMR: Theory and Chemical Applications focuses on the applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), as well as chemical shifts, lattices, and couplings. The book first offers information on the theory of NMR, including nuclear spin and magnetic moment, spin lattice relaxation, line widths, saturation, quantum mechanical description of NMR, and ringing. The text then ponders on instrumentation and techniques and chemical shifts. Discussions focus on the origin of chemical shifts, reference compounds, empirical correlations of chemical shifts, modulation and phase detection, requirements for high resolution NMR, and superconducting magnets. The text elaborates on electron-coupled spin-spin interactions, as well as origin of spin-spin coupling, signs of coupling constants, theory of spin-spin coupling, correlation of coupling constants with other physical properties, and observed coupling constant. The manuscript also ponders on the use of NMR in structure elucidation, theory and applications of double resonance, and analysis of complex spectra. The publication is a dependable reference for readers interested in high resolution NMR.

  • Esters with Water

    Esters 7-C to 32-C
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 49
    • F.W. Getzen + 2 more
    • English
    This is the second volume in this series devoted to the solubility of esters with water. It includes solubility data for binary systems containing an ester and water up to the end of 1988. The critical evaluations were all prepared by one author and an introductory section has been included to elaborate the philosophy and methodology followed in the evaluations.

  • Analytical Chemistry—3

    • 1st Edition
    • P. Gh. Zugrǎvescu
    • English
    Analytical Chemistry–3 provides information pertinent to the development of analytical chemistry. This book discusses the significant role of analytical chemistry in the progress of the chemical industry. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the contribution of analytical chemistry in the development as well as in process control of the industrial chemistry. This text then presents a brief history concerning the development of analytical chemistry in Romania. Other chapters consider the general problem of utilizing gradients in chromatography. This book discusses as well the developments in the determination of some common anions and describes the separation of anions of the same species. The final chapter deals with the classification of enrichment methods according to the type of sample for which they are to be used. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, analytical chemists, and pharmaceutical chemists. Teachers, scientists, researchers, and specialists in Romanian school of chemistry will also find this book useful.

  • For and Against

    A Discussion on the Award Scheme
    • 1st Edition
    • Alison Taylor
    • E. R. Staniford
    • English
    For and Against: A Discussion on the Award Scheme provides a critical review of the Duke of Edinburgh’s Award for Young People. The awarding scheme is divided into two, a scheme for Boys and a scheme for Girls. The awards are given in bronze, silver, and gold. This book covers the means of determining the recipient of the award; the benefits that is given by the awarding system; the origin and development of the award giving body; the member clubs and organization involve in the awarding scheme; the activities organized by the committee; and fields of study that is under the coverage of the awarding scheme. This text also considers the design for living of the participants as well as a study of the possible improvements that could be made to the awarding system. The awarding system aims to provide an encouragement for youth to participate in physical exercises. The final chapter describes the opinions of panel member that is critical to the determination of winners. The book can provide useful information to the general reader.

  • The Destruction of Organic Matter

    International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • T. T. Gorsuch
    • English
    International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry, Volume 39: The Destruction of Organic Matter focuses on the identification of trace elements in organic compounds. The monograph first offers information on the processes involved in the determination of trace elements in organic matters, as well as the methods not involving complete destruction of these elements. The text surveys the sources of errors in the processes responsible in pinpointing elements in organic compounds. These processes include sampling, disruption of the samples, manipulation, and measurements. The book examines the processes of wet and dry oxidation, including their applications to sulfuric, nitric, and perchloric acids and hydrogen peroxide. The methods of dry ashing and oxidation with excited oxygen and oxidative fusion are elaborated. The text also underscores the varying methods in removing trace elements in organic compounds. The elements include zinc, copper, silver, gold, lead, germanium, titanium, arsenic, bismuth, and vanadium. The book also describes wet digestion methods and dry ashing procedures in the removal of trace elements in organic matters. The monograph is a vital source of information for readers interested in the identification of trace elements in organic compounds.

  • Mercury in Liquids, Compressed Gases, Molten Salts and Other Elements

    Solubility Data Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 29
    • H. Lawrence Clever
    • English
    An element of obvious importance, mercury is also hazardous in the environment and corrosive to many materials. A knowledge of its solubility is inestimable in addressing problems concerning the element's concentration in our surroundings. This volume presents all relevant data published on the solubility of mercury up to June 1986. By combining these data with the mercury equilibrium vapour pressure, Henry's constant and Ostwald coefficients can be calculated.

  • Reactive Intermediates in the Gas Phase

    Generation and Monitoring
    • 1st Edition
    • D. W. Setser
    • English
    Reactive Intermediates in the Gas Phase: Generation and Monitoring covers methods for reactive intermediates in the gas phase. The book discusses the generation and measurement of atom and radical concentrations in flow systems; the high temperature flow tubes, generation and measurement of refractory species; and the electronically excited long-lived states of atoms and diatomic molecules in flow systems. The text also describes the production and detection of reactive species with lasers in static systems; the production of small positive ions in a mass spectrometer; and the discharge-excited rare gas halide lasers. Chemists, physicists, and people working in aerochem laboratories will find the book invaluable.

  • Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications of Liquid Chromatography

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 1
    • W.J. Lough + 2 more
    • English
    This volume reflects the changes that have taken place in the pharmaceutical industry over the last ten years, most notably the increased importance attached to the question of chirality, the growing influence of biotechnology and the need for more rigorous documentation and validation of analytical methods and procedures.The first part of this book deals with the application of new technology to pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis, reflecting the present needs for increased speed, sensitivity and selectivity in the analysis of drugs. The second chapter provides an overview of capillary electophoresis, which represents one of the most inportant analytical developments to impact directly on pharmaceutical development in recent years. Although not a chromatographic technique, capillary electrophoresis was considered too important to be ignored.Over the last 25 years, liquid chromatography has grown into a mature analytical technique and many of the fundamental issues concerned with retention and separation are well defined. The practitioners of modern liquid chromatography spend as much time in the development of techniques for sampling handling and automation as they do in the development of the separation. Therefore, Part Two of this book describes some of the recent advances in the areas of sample handling and the isolation of compounds from biological samples, including solid phase extraction, restricted access media for direct injection, coupled column technology and microdialysis. Similarily, Part Three contains two chapters concerned with liquid chromatographic methods for the isolation of drug substances, peptides and proteins from other complex media.The pharmaceutical industry and the process of drug development are highly regulated and the increasing importance that the regulatory authorities attach to validation has had a significant impact on the analytical techniques used for the analysis of drugs. Although this has increased the workload of analysts in the pharmaceutical industry, it has also improved the quality of analytical methods used in the support of investigational and new drug applications as well as the quality of methods published more recently in the literature. Consequently, Part Four of this volume describes approaches to the optimization and validation of liquid chromatography methods for the analysis of drugs in the bulk form, in pharmaceutical formulations and biological fluids.

  • Determination of Beta-Blockers in Biological Material

    Evaluation of Analytical Methods in Biological Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 4
    • V. Marko
    • English
    This is the third volume of a sub-series entitled Evaluation of Analytical Methods in Biological Systems. (The first two were Analysis of Biogenic Amines edited by G.B. Baker and R.T. Coutts, and Hazardous Metals in Human Toxicology edited by A. Vercruysse).This latest volume addresses beta-blockers - an area of research for which a Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded in 1988. It provides an up-to-date and comprehensive coverage of the theory and practice of the determination of beta-blockers in biological material. Two main fields of research are dealt with in this book: analytical chemistry and pharmacology, and, as it deals with drugs used in clinical practice, it is also related to a third area: therapy. Thus, it offers relevant information to workers in all three fields.Some 50 beta-blockers are discussed, and nine methods of analysis. The methods are divided into three groups: optical, chromatographic, and saturation methods. In addition to the analytical methods themselves, sample handling problems are also discussed in detail, as is the information content of the analytical results obtained. Special chapters are directed towards those working in pharmacology and pharmacokinetics. Finally, as recent evidence points to the increased importance of distinguishing optical isomers of drugs, a chapter on the determination of optical isomers of beta-blockers in biological material is also included. An extensive subject index and two supplements giving retention indices and structures of beta-blockers complete the book.This is the first book to treat beta-blockers from the point of view of their determination and to discuss in detail the use of analytical methods for beta-blockers. It will thus appeal to a wide-ranging readership.

  • Interfacial Transport Processes and Rheology

    • 1st Edition
    • Howard Brenner
    • English
    This textbook is designed to provide the theory, methods of measurement, and principal applications of the expanding field of interfacial hydrodynamics. It is intended to serve the research needs of both academic and industrial scientists, including chemical or mechanical engineers, material and surface scientists, physical chemists, chemical and biophysicists, rheologists, physiochemical hydrodynamicists, and applied mathematicians (especially those with interests in viscous fluid mechanics and continuum mechanics).As a textbook it provides materials for a one- or two-semester graduate-level course in interfacial transport processes. It may also be noted that, while separate practical and theoretical subdivisions of material have been introduced, a kind of cross-emphasis is often stressed: (i) to the academic scientist, or the importance of understanding major applications of interfacial transport; and (ii) to the industrial scientist, of the importance of understanding the underlying theory.

  • Gas Phase Ion Chemistry

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael T. Bowers
    • English
    Gas Phase Ion Chemistry, Volume 2 covers the advances in gas phase ion chemistry. The book discusses the stabilities of positive ions from equilibrium gas-phase basicity measurements; the experimental methods used to determine molecular electron affinities, specifically photoelectron spectroscopy, photodetachment spectroscopy, charge transfer, and collisional ionization; and the gas-phase acidity scale. The text also describes the basis of the technique of chemical ionization mass spectrometry; the energetics and mechanisms of unimolecular reactions of positive ions; and the photodissociation of gas-phase ions. The applications of molecular beam techniques to the study of ion-molecule collisions; as well as the variational treatment of charge transfer reactions are also encompassed. Chemists and biochemists will find the book invaluable.

  • Ion Exchange Equilibrium Constants

    • 1st Edition
    • Y. Marcus + 1 more
    • English
    Ion Exchange Equilibrium Constants focuses on the test-compilation of equilibrium constants for ion exchange reactions. The book first underscores the scope of the compilation, equilibrium constants, symbols used, and arrangement of the table. The manuscript then presents the table of equilibrium constants, including polystyrene sulfonate cation exchanger, polyacrylate cation exchanger, polymethacrylate cation exchanger, polysterene phosphate cation exchanger, and zirconium phosphate cation exchanger. The text highlights zirconium oxide anion exchanger, zeolite type 13Y cation exchanger, and zeolite type 4A cation exchanger. The book also presents references for mineral exhangers and polymeric ion exchangers. The book is a valuable reference for readers interested in equilibrium constants.

  • Slurry Flow

    Principles and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • C A Shook + 1 more
    • Howard Brenner
    • English
    Slurry Flow: Principles and Practice describes the basic concepts and methods for understanding and designing slurry flow systems, in-plan installations, and long-distance transportation systems. The goal of this book is to enable the design or plant engineer to derive the maximum benefit from a limited amount of test data and to generalize operating experience to new situations. Design procedures are described in detail and are accompanied by illustrative examples needed by engineers with little or no previous experience in slurry transport.The technical literature in this field is extensive: this book facilitates its use by surveying current research results and providing explanations of mechanistic flow models. This discussion of background scientific principles helps the practitioner to better interpret test data, select pumps, specify materials of construction, and choose measuring devises for slurry transport systems. The extensive range of topics covered in Slurry Flow: Principles and practice includes slurry rheology, homogeneous and heterogeneous slurry flow principles, wear mechanisms, pumping equipment, instrumentation, and operating aspects.

  • Zirconia

    MMR
    • 3rd Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    Zirconia, 3rd Edition, Volume 1 provides a comprehensive coverage of the various areas of concerns in the zirconia industry. The title first covers the various forms of zirconia, and then proceeds to tackling the sources of zirconia. Next, the selection deals with methods of production. The subsequent chapter covers the production, trade, and consumption of zirconia. The text also talks about end uses of zirconia along with its price. The book will be of great interest to professionals who are involved in the zirconia industry.

  • Organo-Transition Metal Compounds and Related Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis

    Pergamon Texts in Inorganic Chemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • B. L. Shaw + 1 more
    • English
    Organo-Transition Metal Compounds and Related Aspects of Homogeneous Catalysis deals with the chemistry of organo-transition metal complexes and their uses as homogeneous catalysts and as intermediates in organic synthesis. The compounds are classified mainly from the number of carbon atoms that are actually bonded to the metal and to each other. This volume is comprised of eight chapters and begins with a discussion on alkyls, aryls, acetylides, fluorocarbon complexes, and carbides, along with olefin, allene, and acetylene complexes. The reader is then introduced to π-allylic and related complexes such as fluoroallyl complexes; complexes with conjugated diolefins including fluorodiolefins but excluding cyclobutadienes; cyclopentadienyl-met... pentadienyl-metal, and related complexes; and arene complexes, related complexes with conjugated trienes, and thiophene complexes such as benzenoid-metal or arene-metal complexes, cyclopheptatriene complexes, and complexes with other six electron donors. Cycloheptatrienyl or tropylium complexes are also considered, along with cyclo-octatetraene, azulene complexes, and carborane complexes. This book will be a valuable source of information for inorganic chemists.

  • Cephalosporins and Penicillins

    Chemistry and Biology
    • 1st Edition
    • Edwin H. Flynn
    • English
    Cephalosporins and Penicillins: Chemistry and Biology describes the studies made on cephalosporin in relation to the scientific and medicinal benefits that can be derived from cephalosporin C. This collection discusses how cephalosporin C is produced through modern isolation methods. One paper discusses its structure through chemical means, its degradation products, its derivative and other metabolic products such as penicillin N and cephalosporin P. Another paper explains the preparation method for 7-aminocephalosporan... acid and 6-aminopenicillanic acid through biological or chemical means. Another paper explains the alteration of the dihydrothiazine ring of the cephalosporins as the functionalities of these rings are chemically difficult to obtain. One paper also explains the rearrangements of cephalosporins and penicillins; cephalosporin can be synthesized from penicillin through an intermediacy of penicillin sulfoxide. Other papers discuss the pharmacology and toxicology of cephalosporins, as well as the practical tests and methods of assay that can be used in most cephalosporins, and in some cases, in penicillins. This book can prove useful for pharmacologists, microchemists, research workers, and technologists dealing with toxicology.

  • Organometallic Syntheses

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 4
    • R. Bruce King
    • English
    Over 160 detailed and tested procedures for the preparation of specific organometallic compounds are given in Volume 4. Part I contains procedures for the synthesis of 76 types of transition metal organometallic compounds, and Part II procedures for the synthesis of 85 nontransition metal organometallic compounds. In both parts, the editors have sought to include procedures that give the safe, reliable synthesis of organometallic compounds that can lay some claim to significance in current chemical research. This significance may be based on various factors such as: (a) the synthesis describes the formation of an unusual or less common structural type; (b) the compound prepared is a useful intermediate in other syntheses; (c) the compound is a model reagent for investigating the mechanisms of various fundamental or industrial processes, such as the Fischer-Tropsch reaction; (d) the compound is a useful reagent in organic synthesis; and (e) the techniques employed in the synthesis of the compound are unusual and worthy of further application, such as metal-atom and electrochemical procedures.Each specific or generalized procedure is organized into the following sections: an Introduction which discusses the available procedures and the reasons guiding the choice of the one selected; a Procedure section which strives to describe the modus operandi, the safety concerns and pitfalls in the preparation; a Properties section that offers further physical and chemical data on the product and, where appropriate, indications of how the compounds can be employed in research; and a Reference section which gives both leading literature citations and supplemental comments on the procedure.Research laboratories in organometallic chemistry, organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry and molecular catalysis have in this book a rich source of information on the preparation of organometallic compounds.

  • Solubility Data Series

    Carbon Monoxide
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 43
    • R.W. Cargill
    • English
    This volume in the Solubility Data Series contains tabulated collections and critical evaluations of original data for the solubility of carbon monoxide in a variety of liquid solvents. The solvents include water, aqueous and non-aqueous salt solutions, a variety of hydrocarbons, a variety of oxygen-containing, halogen-containing, sulfur-containing, and nitrogen-containing organic compounds, and also some biological fluids with which carbon monoxide has an important interaction. The data were gathered from a search of the world's chemical literature through to the end of 1988, and make up a unique and valuable historical survey of the solubility of carbon monoxide. Their publication is timely in view of current concern about carbon monoxide as an atmospheric pollutant, and in view of the role which carbon monoxide is likely to play in the future, as chemical feedstocks may have to change in response to supply and demand patterns, and as alternative energy sources are developed, especially coal gasification technology. For all of these applications, and for numerous others, this volume of well documented and critically evaluated gas solubility data will be of tremendous benefit.

  • Application of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Organic Chemistry

    International Series in Organic Chemistry
    • 2nd Edition
    • L. M. Jackman + 1 more
    • D. H. R. Barton + 1 more
    • English
    Applications of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Organic Chemistry, Second Edition focuses on the applications of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to problems in organic chemistry and the theories involved in this kind of spectroscopy. The book first discusses the theory of nuclear magnetic resonance, including dynamic and magnetic properties of atomic nuclei, nuclear resonance, and relaxation process. The manuscript also examines the experimental method. Topics include experimental factors that influence resolution and the shapes of absorption lines; measurement of line positions and identification of the chemical shift; and measurement of intensities. The text reviews the theories of chemical effects in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and spin-spin multiplicity and the theory and applications of multiple irradiation. The book also tackles the theory of chemical shift, including the classification of shielding effects, local diamagnetic proton shielding, solvent effects, and contact shifts. The publication is a dependable source of data for readers interested in the applications of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

  • Recommendations for Nomenclature of Ion-Selective Electrodes

    International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry: Analytical Chemistry Division
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    Recommendations for Nomenclature of Ion-Selective Electrodes presents the recommendations in the standardization of nomenclature in the field of ion-selective electrodes. The report contains most of the suggestions made on previous drafts by experts and other scientific bodies on analytical chemistry from different countries. The text is divided into three sections. The first section presents the general nomenclature recommendations. Part II focuses on the classification of ion-selective electrodes. The final section presents the constants and symbols used in the area of ion-selective electrodes. Chemists and physicists will find the book very useful.

  • Calorimetry of Non-Reacting Systems

    Prepared Under the Sponsorship of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry Commission on Thermodynamics and the Thermochemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • John P. McCullough + 1 more
    • English
    Experimental Thermodynamics, Volume 1: Calorimetry of Non-Reacting Systems covers the heat capacity determinations for chemical substances in the solid, liquid, solution, and vapor states, at temperatures ranging from near the absolute zero to the highest at which calorimetry is feasible. This book is divided into 14 chapters. The first four chapters provide background information and general principles applicable to all types of calorimetry of non-reacting systems. The remaining 10 chapters deal with specific types of calorimetry. Most of the types of calorimetry treated are developed over a considerable period and brought to a relatively sophisticated state. For such calorimetry, the approach adopted is to give detailed accounts of a few examples of apparatus and techniques representative of the best current practice in the field. For the few types of calorimetry, a general review of the field was considered more appropriate. This book will prove useful to thermochemists, engineers, and experimentalists.

  • Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis–1983

    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis
    • 1st Edition
    • Martin J. O'Donnell + 1 more
    • English
    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis—1983 presents an annual review of synthetically useful information that would prove beneficial to nearly all organic chemists, both specialist and nonspecialist in synthesis. It should help relieve some of the information storage burden of the specialist and should aid the nonspecialist who is seeking help with a specific problem to become rapidly aware of recent synthetic advances. In producing this volume the editors abstracted 47 primary chemistry journals, selecting useful synthetic advances. All reactions and methods which are new, synthetically useful, and reasonably general are included. Each entry is comprised primarily of structures accompanied by very few comments. The purpose of this is to aid the reader in rapidly scanning the book. Chapters I-III are organized by reaction type and constitute the major part of the book. Chapter IV deals with methods of synthesizing heterocyclic systems. Chapter V covers the use of new protecting groups. Chapter VI is divided into three main parts and covers those synthetically useful transformations that do not fit easily into the first three chapters. The first part deals only with functional group synthesis. The second part covers ring expansion and contraction, and the third part involves useful multistep sequences.

  • Geodynamic Models

    An Evaluation and Synthesis
    • 1st Edition
    • R. W. Van Bemmelen
    • English
    Developments in Geotectonics, Volume 2: Geodynamic Models: An Evaluation and a Synthesis presents the concept of sea-floor spreading and the hypothesis of global plate tectonics. This book provides a basic understanding of the global movements. Organized into eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the concept of global plate tectonics, with its additional hypotheses of subduction zones and sea-floor spreading. This text then examines the concept of vertical deformations of the lithosphere and their gravitational spreading. Other chapters consider the analysis of geotectonic processes that is based on some general principles of their mechanics. This book discusses as well the origin of mega-undations in turbulent and laminar flow systems in the lower mantle, where the matter may have a Newtonian viscosity. The final chapter deals with the geodynamics of the Earth's crust as the result of the outward growth of the deep ocean floor from mid-ocean ridges. This book is a valuable resource for geologists, geonomists, and geophysicists.

  • Introduction to Quantitative Ultramicroanalysis

    • 1st Edition
    • I. M. Korenman
    • English
    Introduction to Quantitative Ultramicroanalysis has been compiled on the basis of reports published by numerous authors. It does not claim to offer an exhaustive treatment of ultramicroanalysis, but it summarizes data on the subject and related experimental methods and techniques, newly designed requisite equipment, etc. Several procedures are described which have proved effective in analyzing minute amounts of sample. The weighing of extremely small objects is treated most extensively, as are the titration and colorimetry of solutions. The equipment used in ultramicroanalysis, in addition to its minute size, is of a highly specialized design. These unique features, as well as some of the simpler micromanipulators, are discussed in the related chapters.

  • Isotopic Tracers in Biology

    An Introduction to Tracer Methodology
    • 3rd Edition
    • Martin D. Kamen
    • Louis F. Fieser + 1 more
    • English
    Isotopic Tracers in Biology: An Introduction to Tracer Methodology, Third Edition focuses on stable isotopes, structures, composition, and reactions of nitrogen and oxygen, and radioactive tracers. The book first takes a look at atomic nuclei, radioactivity, and the production of radioactive isotopes and radiation characteristics of tracer atoms. Topics include nuclear reactions, general properties of nuclei, radioactivity, target techniques and radiochemistry, and beta and gamma radiations. The text also discusses isotopic assay, radiation hazards, procedures related with sample preparation for radioactive assay, and combustion of labeled materials. The manuscript examines the biochemical, physiological, and medical aspects of tracer methodology, as well as biochemical applications, value of tracer methods for biology, intermediary metabolism, and applications to clinical research. The text also ponders on the isotopes of hydrogen, carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfur. Concerns include assay of deuterium and tritium, short-lived and heavy stable carbon, and oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus isotopes. The publication is a dependable reference for readers interested in isotopic tracers.

  • Advances in Magnetic Resonance

    Volume 12
    • 1st Edition
    • John S. Waugh
    • English
    Advances in Magnetic Resonance, Volume 12, presents a variety of contributions to the theory and practice of magnetic resonance. The book contains six chapters and begins with a discussion of diffusion and self-diffusion measurements by nuclear magnetic resonance. This is followed by separate chapters on spin-lattice relaxation time in hydrogen isotope mixtures; the principles of optical detection of nuclear spin alignment and nuclear quadropole resonance; and the spin-1 behavior, including the relaxation of the quasi-invariants of the motion of a system of pairs of dipolar coupled spin-1/2 nuclei. Subsequent chapters deal with the development and application of crafted pulse shapes in nuclear magnetic resonance, magnetic resonance imaging, and optical coherent transient (laser) spectroscopies; and the application of pulsed proton nuclear magnetic resonance "broad line" spectroscopy as a thermal analysis technique and its use to study thermal transformations in hydrogen-containing solids, in particular coals and related organic materials.

  • Handbook of Coordination Catalysis in Organic Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Penny A Chaloner
    • English
    Handbook of Coordination Catalysis in Organic Chemistry presents the increasing importance of homogeneous catalysis by metal complexes. This book highlights special selectivities that can be obtained using coordination complexes as catalysts, including a discussion of homogeneous catalysts and closely related polymer supported complexes. Other topics include hydrogenation and related reactions, reactions of carbon monoxide, and additions to carbon-carbon multiple bonds. The isomerization reactions, reactions of the carbonyl group, formation of carbon-carbon bonds, and alkene metathesis are also deliberated. This publication is intended for organic chemists, but is also useful to specialists and researchers interested in the coordination catalysis in organic chemistry.

  • Crystals

    Their Role in Nature and in Science
    • 1st Edition
    • Charles Bunn
    • Henry Booker + 2 more
    • English
    Crystals: Their Role in Nature and in Science provides the description of the phenomena and concepts and essential facts and ideas in the study of crystals. The book is divided into two parts. Part 1 discusses the growth and various forms of crystals. Under this section, topics on the etymology of the word "crystal", the existence of crystals, how crystals grow, stacking patterns, and various crystal symmetries are presented. Part 2 covers the crystal structure and how it interacts with light and X-rays. This part discusses some strange light effects that some crystals make; the production of beautiful and scientifically significant color patterns; the possible types of space patterns in crystals; and the use of X-ray in finding the details of the internal atomic pattern of crystals. Crystallographers and laymen interested in the study and appreciation of crystals will find the book invaluable.

  • Critical Evaluation of Some Equilibrium Constants Involving Alkylammonium Extractants

    Commission on Equilibrium Data
    • 1st Edition
    • A. S. Kertes
    • English
    Critical Evaluation of Some Equilibrium Constants Involving Alkylammonium Extractants reviews the data on equilibrium constants involving long-chain alkylammonium salt extractants. The book considers only two types of pertinent heterogeneous equilibria: the formation constants of alkylammonium salts; and the constants of the aggregation equilibria of these salts in organic solvents employed as diluents in solvent extraction processes. The basic principles of the most reliable and recommended experimental procedures; and the methods of treatment of numerical data and the calculations involved are also reviewed. Chemists will find this book a good reference.

  • Introduction to Carbon Science

    • 1st Edition
    • Ian A. S. Edwards + 2 more
    • Harry Marsh
    • English
    Introduction to Carbon Science deals with various aspects of carbon science, from polymer science and prosthetics to crystallography, carbonization, spectroscopy, and surface science. Topics covered include the mechanisms of formation of isotropic and anisotropic carbons, physical properties of pitch relevant to the fabrication of carbon materials; kinetics and catalysis of carbon gasification; and porosity in carbons and graphites. Carbon fibers, cokes and composites, and coal to coke transformations are also discussed. This book is comprised of nine chapters and begins with an overview of the basic structural features of carbon materials, along with definitions of the various carbon forms encountered in carbon science. The principal techniques for studying the structure of solid carbons are also considered. The reader is then introduced to the mechanisms underlying the formation of isotropic and anisotropic carbons; the physicochemical changes that take place when pitch is pyrolyzed to carbon; and kinetics and catalysis of carbon gasification reactions. The following chapters explore various types of porosity in carbons and graphites; manufacture, properties, structure, and applications of carbon fibers; and mechanical properties of cokes and composites. This text concludes by describing the conversion of coal to coke. This monograph will be of interest to carbon scientists, technologists, and engineers, as well as those entering the field of carbon science for the first time.

  • Advances in Alicyclic Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 1
    • Harold Hart + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Alicyclic Chemistry, Volume 1 brings together numerous research works on the chemistry of alicyclic compounds. This volume is divided into five chapters and begins with an evaluation of the chemistry of small bicyclic systems and cyclopropenes. The subsequent chapters examine the reactions of six- and seven-membered ring cyclohexadiones and tropolones. The final chapter focuses on the theoretical and experimental aspects of bridgehead reactivity. This book will be of value to organic chemists and graduate students.

  • Analytical Chemistry of Molybdenum and Tungsten

    Including the Analysis of the Metals and Their Alloys
    • 1st Edition
    • W. T. Elwell + 1 more
    • R. Belcher + 1 more
    • English
    International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry, Volume 47: Analytical Chemistry of Molybdenum and Tungsten describes the chemical and instrumental methods of analysis of molybdenum and tungsten. This book is composed of 15 chapters that particularly consider detailed methods for determining these metals in typical samples and their alloys by both classical and modern techniques. The opening chapters discuss the history, occurrence, physico-chemical properties, and applications of molybdenum and tungsten. The succeeding chapters deal with the metals’ sampling, decomposition, separation, and qualitative detection. Considerable chapters are devoted to various chemical and instrumental methods for their analysis, including gravimetry, titrimetry, colorimetry, polarography, amperometry, coulometry, emission and atomic absorption spectroscopy, X-ray spectrophotometry, mass spectrometry, and radiochemical methods. The concluding chapter examines the determination of impurities and alloying elements. This book will prove useful to analytical and inorganic chemists, as well as analytical and inorganic chemistry students.

  • Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis — 1970

    • 1st Edition
    • John McMurry + 1 more
    • English
    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis—1970 presents an annual review of synthetically useful information that would prove beneficial to nearly all organic chemists, both specialist and nonspecialist in synthesis. It should help relieve some of the information storage burden of the specialist and should aid the nonspecialist who is seeking help with a specific problem to become rapidly aware of recent synthetic advances. In producing this volume the editors abstracted 47 primary chemistry journals, selecting useful synthetic advances. All reactions and methods which are new, synthetically useful, and reasonably general are included. Each entry is comprised primarily of structures accompanied by very few comments. The purpose of this is to aid the reader in rapidly scanning the book. Chapters I-III are organized by reaction type and constitute the major part of the book. Chapter IV deals with methods of synthesizing heterocyclic systems and concentrates heavily on common, simple systems. Chapter V covers the use of new protecting groups. Chapter VI is divided into two parts and covers those synthetically useful transformations which do not fit easily into the first three chapters. The first part deals only with functional group syntheses. The second part is self-explanatory and involves useful multistep sequences.

  • Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units

    • 1st Edition
    • D. H. Whiffen
    • English
    Manual of Symbols and Terminology for Physicochemical Quantities and Units, 1979 Edition contains physical quantity tabulations of products. The Commission on Symbols, Terminology, and Units is a part of the Division of Physical Chemistry of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. Its general responsibilities are to secure clarity and precision, and wider agreement in the use of symbols, by chemists in different countries, among physicists, chemists, and engineers, and by editors of scientific journals. This book is composed of 13 chapters, and begins with the determination of physical quantities and symbols for physical quantities, which are generally organized in a dimensional system built upon seven base quantities. The succeeding chapters deal with recommended names and symbols for quantities in chemistry and physics. These topics are followed by discussions on units and symbols for units, numbers that printed in upright type. Other chapters describe physical quantities, units, and numerical values, recommended mathematical symbols, symbols for chemical elements,nuclides, and particles. The final chapters consider the values of some fundamental constants. This book will be of value to analytical and physical chemists.

  • Advances in Theoretically Interesting Molecules

    A Research Annual
    • 1st Edition
    • Randolph P. Thummel
    • English
    Advances in Theoretically Interesting Molecules: A Research Annual, Volume 2 provides information pertinent to the dynamics of cyclooctatetraene ring inversion. This book deals with bridgehead olefins, which helps to shed light on structure-activity relationships for this most basic functional group. Organized into four chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the involvement of planar, delocalized transition states to account for bond shifting in cyclooctatetraenes, which faces explicit problems in rationalizing the universally low energy demands. This text then examines the carbon-carbon double bond, which is the most ubiquitous functional group in organic chemistry. Other chapters consider the condensed polycyclic benzenoid aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which is a subset of the multifarious class of polynuclear aromatics. This book discusses as well the problem of categorizing the molecular structures of PAHs. The final chapter deals with the reactions and synthesis of Dewar furan. This book is a valuable resource for organic chemists.

  • Fundamentals of Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis

    Butterworths Monographs in Materials
    • 1st Edition
    • John C. Russ
    • M. Ashby Frs + 2 more
    • English
    Fundamentals of Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis provides an introduction to the fundamental principles of dispersive X-ray analysis. It presents descriptions, equations, and graphs to enable the users of these techniques to develop an intuitive and conceptual image of the physical processes involved in the generation and detection of X-rays. The book begins with a discussion of X-ray detection and measurement, which is accomplished by one of two types of X-ray spectrometer: energy dispersive or wavelength dispersive. The emphasis is on energy dispersive spectrometers, given their rather widespread use compared to the wavelength dispersive type. This is followed by separate chapters on techniques such as X-ray absorption; spectrum processing; and elimination of spectrum background produced by electron excitation. Subsequent chapters cover X-ray fluorescence; the use of regression models; hardware for X-ray fluorescence analysis; scattering, background, and trace element analysis; and methods for producing inner shell excitation of atoms in a sample of interest. The final chapter deals with applications of X-ray analysis.

  • One and Two Dimensional NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Atta-ur- Rahman
    • English
    The field of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy has undergone explosive development during the last decade with the advent of new one- and two-dimensional techniques. The author has had extensive experience in the use of these techniques for the structure elucidation of complex natural products, and in this book he gives a comprehensive, up-to-date and very readable account of these developments.The book's scope is very wide. It starts from fundamental principles of modern NMR spectroscopy, describing the instrumentation and its optimum use, and extends to the latest developments such as inverse measurements. Emphasis is on problem-solving so as to be useful to a large number of organic chemists, biochemists and medicinal chemists. The problems and worked solutions at the end of the chapters will help students to gain proficiency in the application of these new techniques. Those who are learning how to operate modern NMR spectrometers will find particularly useful the description of such basic aspects as shimming, probe tuning, and methods for improvement of resolution and sensitivity.

  • Tungsten and Its Compounds

    • 1st Edition
    • G. D. Rieck
    • English
    Tungsten and Its Compounds is a three-chapter text that explores the history, properties, production, and use of tungsten and its related compounds. The first chapter deals with the discovery, applications, ore occurrence, and production of tungsten. The second chapter describes the physico-chemical properties of elemental tungsten, including the structural, thermal, optical, electrical, and mechanical properties, as well as its preparation, production, reactivity, adsorption, electrochemical properties, and analytical aspects. This chapter also examines tungsten's metallographic properties, such as melting, powder metallurgy, singe crystals, and polycrystallinity. The third chapter reviews the properties of tungsten with other metals, metalloids, acids, and salts. This book is of value to inorganic, organic, and analytical chemists, as well as chemistry teachers and students.

  • Superheavy Elements

    Proceedings of the International Symposium on Superheavy Elements, Lubbock, Texas, March 9-11, 1978
    • 1st Edition
    • M. A. K. Lodhi
    • English
    Superheavy Elements covers the proceedings of the International Symposium on Superheavy Elements, held in Lubbock, Texas on March 9-11, 1978. The book focuses on the compositions, reactions, transformations, and methodologies involved in the research on superheavy elements (SHE). The selection first gives an overview of the history and perspectives of the search for SHE; attempts to produce SHE in reactions between heavy nuclei; and searches for SHE at the superhilac. The publication also examines the experimental prospects for the synthesis and detection of SHE, including alternate production modes for SHE and detection methods in the search for SHE. The book looks at the experimental insights into the production of SHE using heavy ion reactions and observations of anomalous long-range alpha particles and their potential connection to superheavy matter. The publication also reviews the calculations for penetrability and the predictions of the spontaneous fission half-lives of SHE; feasibility studies of thermonuclear neutron capture synthesis of SHE; muonic transitions and X-ray spectra from SHE. Topics include transition energy and potential and quantum-electrodynam... corrections. The text is a dependable source of data for readers interested in superheavy elements.

  • Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis — 1991

    • 1st Edition
    • Philip M. Weintraub + 1 more
    • English
    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis — 1991 presents a collection of 47 abstracted chemistry journals that cover organic synthesis. The book is comprised of eight chapters that cover different aspects of organic synthesis, such as reaction types and methods. The first three chapters tackle carbon–carbon bond forming reactions, oxidations, and reductions. Chapter IV discusses synthesis of heterocycles, and Chapter V covers the use of protecting groups. Chapter VI talks about useful synthetic preparations. The last two chapters cover the miscellaneous reactions and reviews. The text will be useful to biochemists and other researchers who deal with organic synthesis.

  • Lectures in Immunochemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Heidelberger
    • English
    Lectures in Immunochemistry is a compilation of lectures that would probably never have been put together but for an unusual combination of circumstances. The book includes six lectures given at the behest of Professor Tornio Ogata, Professor of Serology in the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Tokyo. The six lectures were conducted before the Faculty during the period from September 26 to October 6, 1955. No attempt was made to give a course in immunochemistry, since much of the subject was being covered in Professor Ogata's own course in serology. It seemed more profitable, both for the lecturer and his listeners, to select a limited number of topics and to discuss their historical development under the impact of the introduction of quantitative micromethods conforming to the rigorous criteria of analytical chemistry. At the suggestion of Professor Takeo Tamiya, material was included to show how and why certain topics and substances were chosen for the research to be described and discussed. Although the resulting six lectures present an incomplete coverage of the field, they at least bring together a number of scattered fragments into a whole, unified by an experimental approach to the various problems, and by the solution of those problems through the application of quantitative analytical micromethods.

  • Substoichiometry in Radiochemical Analysis

    International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • Jaromír Růžička + 1 more
    • M. Williams
    • English
    Substoichiometry in Radiochemical Analysis considers application of simple chemistry than the use of complicated instrumentation in studying radiochemical analysis. This book is divided into nine chapters; the first chapter gives an introduction to the content of this monograph. This text then examines the neutron-activation and isotope-dilution analyses, complemented with the general technique and preliminary experiments. Specifically, this book provides the methods for the substoichiometric determination of traces of various elements by the neutron-activation and isotope-dilution analyses. Copper, mercury, gallium, gold, and zinc are some of the elements featured in this particular topic. This topic is followed by the discussion on the analysis of radioactive materials. This text also tackles the automation and comparison with other radiometric methods of substoichiometric analysis, as well as trends in substoichiometry. This book will be helpful for those concerned with substoichiometry, especially those who need a book that presents non-complicated study of the subject.

  • Theoretical Chemistry

    Theory of Scattering: Papers in Honor of Henry Eyring
    • 1st Edition
    • Douglas W. Henderson
    • English
    Theoretical Chemistry: Theory of Scattering: Papers in Honor of Henry Eyring, Volume 6, Part A covers the aspects of reactive and nonreactive scattering. The book discusses the applications of classical trajectory to reactive scattering and the accurate quantum calculations of reactive systems. The text also describes the fluctuations in chemically reacting systems, as well as the coupling of electronically adiabatic states in atomic and molecular collisions. Chemists, physicists, people involved in the study of the theory of scattering, and students taking related courses will find the book useful.

  • Chromatography

    • 3rd Edition
    • Ivor Smith
    • English
    Chromatographic and Electrophoretic Techniques, Volume I — Chromatography focuses on techniques, processes, reactions, and methodologies involved in chromatography. The selection first ponders on paper chromatographic apparatus and techniques; desalting and related techniques; and apparatus and techniques in thin layer chromatography. Discussions focus on chromatographic solvents, location reagents, chemical conversions occurring during electrolytic desalting, electrodialysis, and ion exchange desalting. The book also examines paper chromatography, applications of thin layer chromatography in clinical biochemistry, and dinitro-phenyl aminoacids. The publication takes a look at iodoaminoacids and related compounds, indoles and related Ehrlich reactors, and imidazoles. The book also elaborates on guanidines, purines and pyrimidines and their derivatives, sugars, ketoacids, organic and phenolic acids, and chromatographic procedures. The selection is a dependable reference for biochemists and readers interested in chromatography.

  • Handbook of Histopathological and Histochemical Techniques

    Including Museum Techniques
    • 3rd Edition
    • C. F. A. Culling
    • English
    Handbook of Histopathological and Histochemical Techniques (Including Museum Techniques), Third Edition is a reference guide on techniques used in histology and histochemistry, including museum techniques. This book is comprised of 36 chapters divided into six sections. After giving a brief description of the structure and contents of the cell, this book then turns to the various methods of examination of tissue cells and structures, including the smear method, vital staining, and electron microscopy. The next two sections deal with fixation, decalcification, processing, and section cutting, along with stains, impregnations, and mountants. An exhaustive survey of carbohydrate and protein histochemistry is included. Special procedures such as autoradiography, micro-incineration, and injection techniques are described. The remaining chapters focus on the preparation, mounting, and presentation of museum specimens. The book concludes with an analysis of the microscope. This monograph will be invaluable to all those with an interest in histology and histochemistry, including undergraduate students in the biological and health sciences, pathologists in both the hospital setting and experimental research, and technologists and workers in various research fields.

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