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Books in Life sciences

  • Soil and Water

    Physical Principles and Processes
    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel Hillel
    • English
    Soil and Water: Physical Principles and Processes describes the physical principles governing the soil-water system and particularly the sequence of processes constituting the cycle of water in the field. Organized into two parts, with a total of 11 chapters, this book first discusses the basic physical properties of both soil and water. Some chapters deal with the state of water in soil and flow of water in saturated and unsaturated soil. The second part focuses on the aspects of field water cycle, starting from the entry of water into soil to the redistribution of soil moisture. It also describes the groundwater drainage, evaporation from bare-surface soils, uptake of soil water by plants, and the water and energy balance in the field. This work is meant for students and professional workers in soil physics and other related disciplines who need or might be interested in a fundamental and up-to-date exposition of soil physics.

  • Insect Pathology V1

    An Advanced Treatise
    • 1st Edition
    • Edward Steinhaus
    • English
    Insect Pathology: An Advanced Treatise, Volume 1 reviews some of the principal developments in insect pathology as well as the major research trends in the field. This book is concerned with non-infectious diseases, microbiota of healthy insects, immunity, physiopathology, predisposition to disease, virus diseases, and rickettsial diseases. Organized into 17 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the nature and scope of insect pathology as a distinct branch of entomology, as well as the challenges involved in the study of insect diseases and some of the principal applications of insect pathology in agriculture, medicine, and general biology. The next chapters introduce the reader to the physical factors that cause injury/harm to insects; the pathological changes induced in insects by chemicals used as insecticides; and insect nutrition and nutritional diseases. The book discusses other diseases in insects, including genetic diseases, tumors, granuloses, rickettsiae, and rickettsioses. This book is a valuable resource for entomologists.

  • The Biology of Crustacea

    Pathobiology
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony Jr. Provenzano
    • English
    The Biology of Crustacea, Volume 6: Pathobiology summarizes the state of knowledge, major advances, and important problems in crustacean diseases. Organized into five chapters, this book begins with the discussion on the disease-causing viruses, Rickettsiae, bacteria, and fungi afflicting crustaceans. It then talks about diseases caused by protozoans, indicating the large gaps in knowledge of life histories, mechanisms of transmission, and pathogenesis. This book also emphasizes the many different ways in which a host crustacean may respond to a disease-causing organism and how these responses are linked to the mode of invasion and nature of the disease-causing organism, itself. The life histories of metazoans that live in various relationships in or on crustacean hosts, and the life histories and impacts of parasitic crustaceans on hosts are also explored. This book will serve as a starting point for those needing a summary of topics concerning crustacean diseases and as a stimulus for further work.

  • Agricultural Ecology and Environment

    • 1st Edition
    • B.R. Stinner + 2 more
    • English
    The increased use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in crop production has adversely affected both the environment and the agricultural economy. Not only has it led to environmental pollution, but also the increasing costs of chemical inputs and the low prices received for agricultural products have contributed to economic unprofitability and instability.The International Symposium on Agricultural Ecology and Environment was organised in order to discuss ways of achieving the goals of economically and environmentally sustainable agriculture. It is apparent that a truly multidisciplinary effort is required and for this reason the meeting was attended by authors from many different disciplines and geographical locations. Although their papers reflect a wide diversity of agroecosystem types and examples, several common themes emerge: the increased importance of biotic control of ecosystem processes in lower input systems; the key role of soil organic matter in stabilizing nutrient cycling; the importance of agricultural landscape diversity and complexity; the importance of studying ecological processes in natural and agricultural ecosystems; the critical need to integrate socio-economic and ecological approaches.

  • The Glycoconjugates V2

    Mammalian Glycoproteins and Glycolipids and Proteoglycans
    • 1st Edition
    • Martin Horowitz
    • English
    The Glycoconjugates: Mammalian Glycoproteins, Glycolipids, and Proteoglycans Volume II is a collaboration of different experts in the field of molecular biology on the subject of glycoconjugates. The text of the second volume covers topics such as the structure and biosynthesis of connective tissue proteoglycans, glycoproteins, and glycolipids; and glycoprotein and glycolipid catabolism and degradation. It also discusses the structure, composition, and isolation of surface membranes; and lectins – its immunological aspects and its use in the study of mammalian glycoprotein. The book is recommended for molecular biologists, organic chemists, and biochemists who would like to know more about glycolipids and glycoproteins and their applications.

  • Human Intestinal Microflora in Health and Disease

    • 1st Edition
    • David J. Hentges
    • English
    Human Intestinal Microflora in Health and Disease deals with human indigenous intestinal flora, the vast assemblage of microorganisms that reside in the intestinal tract. It contains information on the composition of the flora, its development, metabolic activities, importance to the host, and the consequences of upsetting its ecology. The book is organized into four parts. Part I examines the composition and development of intestinal flora. Part II deals with the metabolic activities of intestinal microflora. These include studies on carbohydrate metabolism in the human colon; the compounds used as nitrogen sources by gastrointestinal tract bacteria; and metabolic transformations of xenobiotic compounds carried out by intestinal flora. Part III examines the importance of intestinal microflora, including its role in intestinal structure and function and in suppressing the growth of pathogens. Part IV discusses the factors that can disrupt the ecology of intestinal microflora, such as antimicrobial agents, pseudomembranous colitis, and dietary and environmental stress. The research presented in this book will be of interest to both basic scientists and physicians concerned with the effects of the intestinal flora on human life.

  • Enzymatic Basis of Detoxication Volume 2

    • 1st Edition
    • William B. Jakoby
    • English
    Enzymatic Basis of Detoxication, Volume II, reviews the state of knowledge on foreign compound metabolism at the level of what specific enzymes can do. The book attempts to provide a holistic view of the information gleaned from work with specific, purified enzymes encompassing as many mammalian sources as have been studied. The book is organized into two parts. Part I on conjugation reactions and related systems includes studies on the properties of glucuronide formation; the physiological function, assay, and purificatgion of function of bilirubin-glucuronos... glucuronosyltransfer... the roles of N- and O-methylation reactions and glutathione transferases in detoxication; and amino acid conjugation. Part II presents studies on hydrolytic systems, covering the role of epoxide hydrolase, carboxylesterases, and amidases in detoxication and the regulatory effects of these enzymes. This book provides pharmacologists and toxicologists with the biochemical view of detoxication, and biochemists with the corresponding pharmacological and toxicological aspects.

  • Tree Pathology

    A Short Introduction
    • 1st Edition
    • William H. Smith
    • English
    Tree Pathology: A Short Introduction is a compilation of texts about some of the significant stress factors that are capable of inducing tree injuries and diseases. It also provides an overview of some of the examples of the damage caused by each stress factors or agents. In addition, existing hypotheses related to the mechanism by which each agent causes abnormal tree physiology are reviewed. As an introduction, the book provides a discussion on the agents, mechanisms, and control of the pathological stresses of forest trees. It also offers specific examples of forest tree species, mostly from the northeastern portion of the United States, as well as examples of citrus and other fruit or jut tree species. The book then discusses all injury and disease agents including their taxonomy, morphology, physiology, and ecology. It also presents the different mechanisms of the injury and disease, control possibilities on mitigating disease influences of plants, and specific utility of the various procedures used in forest tree disease control. The materials presented in the book are based from the numerous published texts, journal articles, and research reports.

  • Skeletal Research: An Experimental Approach

    • 1st Edition
    • David J. Simmons
    • English
    Skeletal Research, An Experimental Approach discusses experimental studies on bone cell and tissue biochemistry, biomechanics, isolation, and methods of analysis. Divided into four parts encompassing 21 chapters, this book describes the advantages and limitations of approaches and options available for bone laboratories. The opening part of this book describes the isolation, characterization, and methods of analysis of bone and cartilage cells and their organ cultures. This description is followed by discussions on the intermediary metabolism of growth and articular cartilage; the isolation of plasma membranes from calcified connective tissues; and the aspects of lipidology as it applies to calcified tissue. The third part of this book focuses on the chemical, histochemical, and pathophysiological studies of bone as tissue. This text includes significant chapters on bone’s biomechanics and bioelectricity; bone mineral composition; collagen biochemistry; calcium metabolism; and blood flow. Studies on bone and cartilage as circadian systems in rats and mice, emphasizing the importance of this aspect of experimental design, are covered in the concluding part of this book. This text is an ideal resource to experienced researchers and young investigators who wish to expand their technical knowledge on bone research.

  • Cell Cycle Regulation

    • 1st Edition
    • James R. Jr. Jeter
    • English
    Cell Cycle Regulation describes the interaction of the nuclear genome, the cytoplasmic pools, the organelles, the cell surface, and the extracellular environment that govern the cell cycle regulation. Comprised of 12 chapters, this book includes cell cycle regulation around nuclear chromatin modulation and some aspects of chromatin modification and its effects on gene expression. The opening chapters describe the macromolecular structure of chromatin subunits and the types and kinds of postsynthetic modifications occurring on histones, such as acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation. The subsequent chapter deals extensively on histone phosphorylation, especially histone H1, H1M, H2A, and H3, during the cell cycle. Another chapter describes a selective histone leakage from nuclei during isolation accounting for the role of histone acetylation and phosphorylation in gene expression. This book goes on examining the assembly of microtubules and structural analysis on the regulatory role of calcium into a pattern for mitosis regulation. Other chapters discuss the methods used to measure intracellular pH changes as a function of the cell cycle of Physarum and the quantitative and qualitative changes taking place during the various phases of the cell cycle. The use of mammalian cell fusion to study cell cycle regulation and the protein synthesis regulation during the cell cycle in Chlamydomonas reinhardi are then discussed. The final chapters focus on the regulation of expression of an inducible structural gene during the cell cycle of the green alga Chlorella. The chapters provide evidence for a model of positive and negative oscillatory control of inducible gene expression. An analysis of the expression of cytoplasmic genes as a function of the cell cycle using pedigrees of a large number of individual yeast cells is also included. This book will appeal to a wide variety of life scientists and to molecular, cellular, and developmental biologists.

  • Molecular Mechanisms In Cellular Growth and Differentiation

    • 1st Edition
    • A.R. Bellve
    • English
    Molecular Mechanisms in Cellular Growth and Differentiation describes the cellular differentiation and development. It emphasizes the pattern formation, specifically the genesis of spatial relationships, among the parts of a vertebrate or invertebrate organism, embryonic or adult. Organized into five parts, this book deals with the major steps leading from growth factor-receptor interactions, through transduction and modulation mechanisms, to proliferative response. It also discusses the relation of growth factors and their receptors to oncogenes and to protooncogenes. It also elucidates the roles of growth factors and receptors in cell differentiation and development, particularly, in pattern formation. The homeotic systems regulated intracellularly and the two differentiation systems thought to involve sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins in conjunction with small molecules are also explored.

  • molecular Approaches to Immunology

    • 1st Edition
    • E.E. Smith
    • English
    Molecular Approaches to Immunology is the 9th volume of the series ""Miami Winter Symposia"". This volume presents papers that cover various aspects about cellular and modern immunology. Cellular immunology deals with the interactions of cells and molecules of the immune system and how these interactions help eliminate pathogens. The main goal of this book is to discuss and provide basic assumptions, approaches, and direction about the advances in the research of immunological science. In relation to this, the chapters of the book examine the recognition of antigen by T-lymphocytes, the role of cell interactions in determining the immune responsiveness, and the concepts behind clonal selection. The book also explains the different genes coding used for antibodies and the characterization of cell surface receptors at molecular level. Furthermore, it examines the evidences for genetic restrictions in cell interactions and the chemical properties of thymosin used in physiological studies. Discussions on the immunoregulation and immunological tolerance by T cells and the growth control of mammalian cells are also presented in this volume. This compilation will be invaluable to biologists, medical practitioners, professors, and students.

  • Frontiers of Biological Energetics

    Electrons to Tissues
    • 1st Edition
    • P Dutton
    • English
    Frontiers of Biological Energetics, Volume II: Electrons to Tissues contains most of the papers presented at the International Symposium on "Frontiers of Biological Energetics: Electrons to Tissues," held at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on July 20-21, 1978. The symposium provided a forum for discussing the common problems of biological energetics from different perspectives and from various levels of cellular organization. Comprised of 84 chapters, this volume begins with a section on electrons and oxygen and covers topics ranging from the chemical constitutions and subunit function of cytochrome oxidase polypeptides to the structure and function of copper atoms in cytochrome oxidase. The next section deals with structural-functiona... approaches to membrane energetics and includes chapters that explore rhodopsin and bacteriorhodopsin in model membranes; the mechanism of free energy utilization for active transport of calcium ions; and the regulation of cytoplasmic calcium by liver mitochodria. The final section focuses on nondestructive measurements of tissue function, paying particular attention to phosphorus nuclear magnetic resonance of diseased muscle and extracellular oxygen gradients in shock, among other topics. This book should be of interest to scientists from a variety of disciplines, including medicine and biology.

  • Analysis of Foods and Beverages

    Headspace Techniques
    • 1st Edition
    • George Charalambous
    • English
    Analysis of Foods and Beverages Headspace Techniques covers the proceedings of a symposium on the analysis of foods and beverages by headspace techniques. The symposium is organized by the Flavor Subdivision of the Agricultural and Food Chemistry Division of American Chemical Society at its 174th National Meeting held on August 29-September 2, 1977 in Chicago, Illinois. It highlights methods of headspace concentration and headspace sampling that are producing results on a variety of products and model systems. Composed of 14 chapters, this book discusses a productive combination of techniques leading to the enrichment of headspace vapor components with gas chromatographic resolution followed by mass spectrometric identification. Core chapters address the analysis by headspace techniques of mouth odors, vegetable flavors, lipoxygenase catalyzed reactions, the vanilla bean, coffee, tea, cocoa, beer, wine, and sake. Finally, the book examines the use and abuse of headspace sampling, statistical treatments of GLC headspace data, as well as quantitative aspects, new instrumentation, and techniques. Flavor chemists and researchers will find this book invaluable.

  • Molecular Control of Proliferation and Differentiation

    • 1st Edition
    • John Papaconstantinou
    • English
    Molecular Control of Proliferation and Differentiation documents the proceedings of the 35th symposium of The Society for Developmental Biology entitled "Molecular Control of Proliferation and Differentiation," held at Asilomar, Monterey Peninsula, California, June 8-11, 1976. The contributions made by researchers at the symposium are organized into seven parts. Part I presents a paper on cell communication in embryological development. Part II includes studies on growth factors, including fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor. Part III examines the factors affecting nerve cell differentiation and function. It includes papers on nerve growth factor and peptides as central nervous system neurotransmitters. Part IV focuses on cell interactions in blood cell development. It includes studies on factors affecting the differentiation of blood cells and the proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells in vitro. Part V examines cell interactions in the immune system. Part VI deals with cell interactions in organogenesis. Part VII covers the factors effecting differentiation in lower eukaryotes.

  • Towards a Second Green Revolution

    From Chemical to New Biological Technologies in Agriculture in the Tropics
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 19
    • G.B. Marini-Bettòlo
    • English
    Genetic research in some fundamental crops, together with the use of chemicals as pesticides and fertilizers, opened the way in the 1950s and 1960s to great changes in methodology in agriculture - with astonishing results in the tropics. This change became known as the Green Revolution - a truly great revolution in methods and materials which, when applied with intelligence, made possible in a few years the achievement of complete sufficiency in cereals production in South and South East Asia, Mexico and South America. After 20 years of continuous success, aspects of the Green Revolution need to be rediscussed in the light of new findings and possibilities offered by scientific and technological progress - and negative side effects on environment and health. These papers examine the present state of agriculture, and indicate the way forward for its development, especially in the tropics and, in particular, Africa and South America. The need for more research is stressed; priorities in the application of this research are discussed, such as the economic aspects of any new system to be adopted, and the need to respect the ecological equilibria of different environments and the balance of energy input/output in a given agrosystem.

  • Lithium and the Cell

    Pharmacology and Biochemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • Nicholas J. Birch
    • English
    This up-to-date compilation addresses the scientific problems of determining a mode of action of lithium and provides a cross-disciplinary perspective. In addition to psychiatrists interested in the therapeutic uses of lithium, it will also be of interest to biochemists using lithium as an inhibitor of phosphoinositide signaling, immunologists studying lymphocytes, and dermatologists studying viral replication in the skin.

  • The Plasma Proteins V3

    Structure, Function, and Genetic Control
    • 2nd Edition
    • Frank Putnam
    • English
    The Plasma Proteins: Structure, Function, and Genetic Control, Second Edition, Volume III is an eight-chapter treatise that describes the plasma proteins in a systematic integrated manner. This book presents first the perspectives and global outlook at plasma proteins, followed by a series of chapters on the well-characterized major proteins, with particular emphasis on immunoglobulins. Other chapters are devoted to the integrated systems of plasma proteins, especially their structure, function, and genetic control. A chapter describes the plasma protein fractionation. The remaining chapters introduce the clinical relevance of the plasma proteins. This book will be of great value to biologists, geneticists, clinicians, and researchers.

  • Plant Physiology 7A

    A Treatise: Physiology of Development: Plants and Their Reproduction
    • 1st Edition
    • F.C. Steward
    • English
    Plant Physiology: A Treatise, Volume VIA: Physiology of Development: Plants and Their Reproduction explores the various problems of development and reproduction that arise as plants, responsive to environmental stimuli, develop a vegetative plant body and produce seeds and fruits or organs of perennation. This book considers the morphological aspects of plant growth and development as well as the growth and reproduction of fungi, physiological aspects of vegetative reproduction and flowering, and perennation and dormancy. This volume is organized into four chapters and begins with an overview of growth and development, with reference to organization and patterns of development in vascular plants and the initiation and development of plants. The discussion then shifts to vegetative, sexual, and asexual reproduction in fungi, along with heterokaryosis and morphogenesis. The next chapter explores reproduction in plant biology, focusing on vegetative and sexual reproduction, sex determination, and photoperiodism. This book concludes by considering the physiological mechanisms underlying the production of organs of perennation and the establishment of dormancy. This text will be of value both to graduate students and to established investigators with specific interest in plant physiology.

  • Practical Tissue Culture Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Karl Maramorosch
    • English
    Practical Tissue Culture Applications contains the proceedings of a conference held at the International Laboratory for Research on Animal Diseases in Nairobi, Kenya, August 24-29, 1978. This book aims to describe some of the more important practical applications of in vitro techniques in a simple, easily understandable manner. Organized into three sections, with a total of 27 chapters, this book provides critical reviews, describes various techniques, and presents complete step-by-step methodology. It emphasizes applications pertaining to the health and economy in developing nations. In particular, this book discusses the pitfalls in preparing general purpose culture media, balanced salt solutions, and the procedures followed in the development of modern in vitro techniques. It also describes techniques for cultivation of vertebrate cells and organs; plant tissue culture and its numerous applications; and electron microscopy of cultured cell. This book explains as well virus isolation and identification in cell cultures, mass production of cells for vaccines, and use of cultured cells for drug evaluation. The applications of in vitro techniques to parasitology are explored in numerous chapters of this book. Considering the potential benefit of application of in vitro techniques, this reference material will be of interest both in developed and developing countries.

  • Biotic Crises in Ecological and Evolutionary Time

    • 1st Edition
    • Matthew Nitecki
    • English
    Biotic Crises in Ecological and Evolutionary Time emerged from the third Field Museum Spring Systematic Symposium held in May 1980. The symposium attempted to explore the nature and effects of crisis over as wide a range of temporal and spatial scales as possible. To this end, contributions were included from such diverse fields as astronomy, paleobiology, ecology, and anthropology. The kinds of crises considered ranged from events in the cosmological history of the universe all the way to the effects of a single introduced species on a present-day living community. The book begins by providing a definition of ""crisis"" and a general discussion of methods and approaches to the study of crises. The subsequent chapters present studies on topics such as the physical mechanisms underlying the cosmological framework in which life evolved; physical disturbance in the life of plants; the impact of species introductions; and evolutionary aspects of pre- and post-interchange fossil land mammal faunas in South America.

  • Perspectives In Membrane Biology

    • 1st Edition
    • Sergio Estrada-O
    • English
    Perspectives in Membrane Biology is consists of the proceeding of the first Meeting on Perspectives in Membrane Biology held at Oaxaca, Mexico, on January 14-18, 1974. Organized into seven parts, the book first discusses the structure and plasticity of biological membranes. It then explains the ion and metabolite distribution, as well as the conservation of energy and light mediated phenomena in membranes. It also elucidates the role of membranes in genome expression, the association between membrane and immunological response, and the reconstitution of specific membrane functions.

  • The Biology of Pseudomonas

    • 1st Edition
    • J Sokatch
    • English
    The Bacteria, A Treatise on Structure and Function, Volume X: The Biology of Pseudomonas is generally an update of information already published about pseudomonas. This book contains information that has been discovered since the release of “Genetics and Biochemistry of Pseudomonas”. Divided into three parts, the book starts with the foundation, which is the biology of the pseudomonas. The next part deals about the genetics, while the last part tackles the biochemistry of pseudomonas. The first section of this book covers topics including the modern review of the taxonomy of pseudomonas. Other sections include chapters on the important medical applications of features of these bacteria. Chapters on the virulence factors, membrane transport, and plasmids are also presented in this book. The second section of this book deals with genetics and topics including cloning and regulation of transcription. The metabolic versatility is given recognition in the third section of this book. Moreover, this section thoroughly discusses amino acid metabolism, cytochrome, and hydrocarbon catabolism.

  • Regulatory Aspects of Carcinogenesis and Food Additives: The Delaney Clause

    • 1st Edition
    • Frederick Coulston
    • English
    Regulatory Aspects of Carcinogenesis and Food Additives: The Delaney Clause is composed of papers and discussions presented in the seventh meeting of the International Academy of Environmental Safety regarding the philosophy of the Delaney Clause. The Delaney Clause became a part of the Food and Drug Law in 1958. It states in part “that no additive shall be deemed to be safe if it is found to induce cancer when ingested by man or animal, or if it is found after tests which are appropriate for evaluation of safety of food additives to induce cancer in man or animal”. This book covers the different views of the meeting’s participants on the interpretation of the Delaney Clause. It presents list of points that should be considered in making decisions with respect to safety. Many other factors that should be taken into consideration are also discussed in this reference.

  • Cell-Cell Signaling in Vertebrate Development

    • 1st Edition
    • E.J. Robertson
    • English
    Cell-Cell Signaling in Vertebrate Development provides a comprehensive discussion of cell-cell interactions in vertebrate development and the molecular signals that mediate them. The book is divided into six parts, arranged according to major developmental phenomena demonstrated in illustrative systems derived from amphibian, avian, mammalian, and piscine sources. Part I introduces the mechanisms of gene activation in the context of early vertebrate development. Part II is concerned with cellular contacts and the induction process. Cell-cell interactions are illustrated through analyses of neurogenesis in the mouse; embryonic induction is considered in the frog and in the chick. Part III deals with cell migration and differentiation. It examines cell lineages in the frog eyebud; migration phenomena in connection with axon guidance in the embryonic rat spinal cord and mouse visual system; pathfinding by primary motoneurons; and the formation of terminal arbors in zebrafish embryos. Part IV discusses developmental processes that depend on diffusible signals and signal gradients. Part V illustrates pattern formation as exemplified in the developing chick hindbrain and in urodele limb regeneration. Part VI highlights gene expression and its regulation by transcription factors or growth factors in rodent development.

  • The Control of Eye Movements

    • 1st Edition
    • Paul Bach-y-Rita
    • English
    The Control of Eye Movements presents the proceedings of the Symposium on the Control of Eye Movements organized by the Smith-Kettlewell Institute of Visual Sciences of the Pacific Medical Center and the Department of Visual Sciences of the University of the Pacific Graduate School of Medical Sciences, San Francisco, California, November 10-11, 1969. The book is organized into two parts. Part I is devoted to presentations of anatomical, physiological, pharmacological, psychological, and clinical aspects of eye movements. The material presented should provide a valuable reference source as well as increase awareness of the need for further investigation of many aspects of the basic physiology of eye movements. Part II presents a series of papers dealing with models of various parts of the oculomotor system. The modeling approach to control of eye movements is still in its infancy and the present work presents the first comprehensive survey of biophysical, mathematical, and engineering aspects of eye movement control.

  • Metabolic Conjugation and Metabolic Hydrolysis

    • 1st Edition
    • William Fishman
    • English
    Metabolic Conjugation and Metabolic Hydrolysis, Volume II, provides an extension and further development of the themes introduced in Volume I in which the subject matter dealt either separately or in combination with the compound undergoing conjugation, the conjugate itself, the conjugating radical, and enzymic hydrolysis of the conjugate. Increased attention is also given to systems in which metabolic conjugation and metabolic hydrolysis interdigitate with each other. The book begins with studies on the role of conjugation in the biliary excretion of organic compounds; cholic acid and its conjugation; biliary secretion and intestinal metabolism and absorption; and the metabolic conjugation and hydrolysis of steroids and their conjugates, as observed in the fetoplacental unit of human pregnancy. Subsequent chapters cover the fabrication through physiological metabolic conjugation of macromolecules of glycoproteins and mucopolysaccharides; the biosynthesis of glycolipids (sphingolipids); the metabolic hydrolysis of hexosaminide linkages; ß-glucuronidases; the hydrolysis of sphingolipids; and mercapturic acid formation.

  • Practical Protein Crystallography

    • 1st Edition
    • Duncan E. McRee
    • English
    Designed for easy use by both new and experienced protein crystallographers, this much-needed book is for anyone interested in solving protein structures by the method of crystallography. It contains many examples ofactual experiments and data, including electron density maps. Computer methods and computer code samples are presented. Practical Protein Crystallography is loaded with new information on area detectors, synchrotron radiation techniques, and the latest computer methods, and features the XtalView software system. Graduate students and teachers in physical biochemistry and pharmaceutical researchers will find this text a timely and convenient aid.

  • Crop Breeding: A Contemporary Basis

    • 1st Edition
    • P. B. Vose + 1 more
    • English
    The aim of this book is to gather together, in an integrated manner, information on the physiology and technology of contemporary plant breeding. The approach is multidisciplinary, with special emphasis being placed on the application of theoretical knowledge to the solution of practical problems concerned with the improvement of crop yield through the breeding of plants better suited to their environment. The role of modern techniques, such as tissue culture and induced mutation are discussed in detail

  • Insects, Science & Society

    • 1st Edition
    • David Pimentel
    • English
    Insects, Science, & Society documents the proceedings of a symposium of the same name celebrating the centennial of entomology at Cornell University. The symposium and the resulting book brought together some of the world's leading entomologists, who discussed recent advances in their diverse specialties. In commemorating the hundred years of entomology, the symposium also honors the founder of the department at Cornell, John Henry Comstock, whose investigations encompassed not only many aspects of entomology—insect taxonomy, morphology, and ecology—but also focused on practical problems of pest control. Starting with a discussion that provides a broad perspective of the interrelationship of insects, science, and society, the remainder of the book presents the contributions made by researchers at the symposium. These contributions are organized into five parts. Part I discusses aspects of the social implications of insects. Part II deals with communication among insects. Part III examines other interactions among insects and between insects and plants. Part IV covers insect population dynamics. Part V deals with insect pest management.

  • Progress in Ape Research

    • 1st Edition
    • Geoffrey Bourne
    • English
    Progress in Ape Research presents the papers reported in the conference organized by the staff of Yerkes Primate Research Center in celebrating the centenary of Dr. Robert Mearns Yerkes' birth, who gave significant contributions to ape research. This book is divided into four sections representing the sessions of the conference. First, the historical beginnings of research on great apes are presented. The other three sections deal mainly with the ongoing studies at the Yerkes Primate Research Center, particularly, in the field of communication and language in great apes, utilization of chimpanzees as biomedical models, and the comparative perspectives of human origins.Presentation... by outstanding scientists from other institutions are also shown. The conference is arranged to honor the memory of Dr. Robert Mearns Yerkes, to inspire, and to emphasize some of the areas in psychobiological and medical sciences to which research on great apes is making a contribution.

  • Chemistry of the Carbohydrates

    • 1st Edition
    • Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood
    • English
    Chemistry of the Carbohydrates focuses on the compositions, chemical reactions, structures, and characteristics of carbohydrates. The monograph first traces the development of carbohydrate chemistry, and then gives emphasis to general chemistry, nomenclature, and definitions. The book discusses the occurrences, properties, structures, and stereochemistry of monosaccharides. Structures of glucose and fructose; stereochemistry; ring structure of sugars; the sugars found in solutions; and synthetic sugars are considered. The monograph also looks at the properties, structures, and stereochemistry of esters, glycosides, full acetals, and thioacetals. The book proceeds with discussions on polyols, inositols, and compounds. Isomerization and representation of configurations; proofs of structure and configuration; and biochemistry are discussed. The monograph closes with the discussions on acids, oligosaccharides, glycosides, starches, and polysaccharides. The compositions, structures, and chemical reactions of these substances are noted. The book can best serve the interest of readers, research workers, and graduate students who want to explore the compositions, properties, and chemical reactions of carbohydrates.

  • Synthesis And Applications Of DNA And RNA

    • 1st Edition
    • Saran Narang
    • English
    Synthesis and Applications of DNA and RNA discusses the significant contributions in the development of synthetic routes to DNA and RNA. This book contains nine chapters that describe the complexities in the chemistry and biology of DNA and RNA. After briefly dealing with the various stages of development in the chemical synthesis of polynucleotides, this book goes on presenting the DNA synthesis on solid supports and through the phosphoramidite method on silica supports. The discussions then shift to the chemical-enzymatic synthesis of expressed genes; the biochemical aspects of chemical syntheses of oligoribonucleotides... and the methods of rapid DNA and RNA sequence analysis. A chapter specifically tackles the protocols of DNA synthesis using double-stranded plasmid DNA as a template. The final chapter deals with the use of oligonucleotides for the identification and isolation of specific gene sequences. This chapter also covers the use oligonucleotides in the detection of human genetic diseases. Biologists, geneticists, and researchers interested in DNA and RNA synthesis will find this work invaluable.

  • Biology of Fertilization V1

    Model Systems and Oogenesis
    • 1st Edition
    • Charles Metz
    • English
    Biology of Fertilization, Volume 1: Model Systems and Oogenesis is the first in a three-volume series that gathers various lines of research about reproduction in general and fertilization in particular. Knowledge about cell biology, immunobiology, biochemistry, biophysics, and molecular genetics has progressed significantly beyond our understanding of some aspects of fertilization. Components of these constitute ""model systems."" The present volume includes reviews of such systems, some relatively simple model systems in lower organisms, sex-determining mechanisms, and oogenesis. The book contains 12 chapters organized into two sections. Section I includes studies on evolution, reproductive success, and immortality of the germ line; the structures and mechanisms involved in fertilization problems; and fertilization in Paramecium. Section II on oogenesis includes studies on gamete differentiation; sex-determining role of the H-Y antigen in mammals and non-mammals; the mechanism of starfish oocyte maturation; meiotic arrest in animal oocytes; and the mitotic and meiotic aspects of the mammalian germ cell life cycle.

  • The Fine Structure of Algal Cells

    • 1st Edition
    • John D. Dodge
    • English
    The Fine Structure of Algal Cells is a hybrid between a review and a comprehensive descriptive work on fine structure of algae. Such fine structural data are important for any consideration of the classification of algae and for attempting to analyze their phylogenetic relationships. ”Fine-structure” has provided many vital keys to the understanding of the interrelationships and phylogeny of the algae. Notably, the trend in algal fine structure work is toward use of electron microscopy to try to understand the functions of cells and organelles under both normal and experimental conditions. This book brings together information which has been gathered by electron microscopists. It considers 13 classes of algae: Chlorophyceae, Haptophyceae, Prasinophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Chloromonadophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Dinophyceae, Eustigmatophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Xanthophyceae, Rhodophyceae, and Chrysophyceae. It covers the main structural features of the various classes and the organelles present in typical cells. The book also describes the algal cell covering, flagella, pyrenoid, eyespot, nucleus, and ejectile organelles,as well as membranes, envelope, and stroma of algal chloroplasts. Lastly, it also explains the algal cell division. This book will help students visualize and compare algal structure, and at the same time provide enough references so that research workers can enter the literature to find out more precise details from the original sources.

  • Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition

    • 1st Edition
    • E Underwood
    • English
    Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition focuses on trace elements and their nutritional significance to humans and domestic animals. The trace elements covered include copper, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, manganese, iodine, fluorine, selenium, aluminum, arsenic, barium, strontium, boron, bromine, silicon, and vanadium. This book is organized into 13 chapters and begins with an overview of the trace element concept, the mode of action of trace elements, and the use of spectrochemical methods for the detection and estimation of t ace metals in biological materials. The next chapters explore in more detail the importance of trace elements in human and animal nutrition, touching on topics such as absorption and excretion in the body, deficiency, and toxicity. The book concludes by discussing the interrelationships between plants, man and his domestic animals, and the soil, with emphasis on the link between trace element deficiencies and health. An account of factors influencing the trace element contents of plants is also given. Finally, qualitative and quantitative differences in the trace element requirements of plants and animals are described. This book is intended for nutritionists and those who plan to specialize in nutrition.

  • New Technologies in Animal Breeding

    • 1st Edition
    • B G Brackett
    • English
    New Technologies in Animal Breeding looks at new reproductive technologies in breeding domestic animals, such as sex selection, frozen storage of oocytes and embryos, in vitro fertilization and embryo culture, amphibian nuclear transplantation, parthenogenesis, identical twins and cloning in mammals, and gene transfer in mammalian cells. It summarizes the state-of-the art and offers perspectives on future directions for several animal industries of great importance in food production, including artificial insemination, embryo transfer, poultry breeding, and aquaculture. Organized into five sections encompassing 14 chapters, this book begins with an overview of animals in society and perspectives on animal breeding. It then discusses the animal industries that are heavily dependent on reproductive technology, including those engaged in cloning, selfing, aquaculture, artificial insemination, and embryo transfer. It also explains the developing technologies as well as their potential applications and impacts on animal production, along with special economic considerations, such as the benefits of reproductive management, synchronization of estrus, and artificial insemination of beef cattle and sheep. The final chapter considers biomedical and agricultural research, implementation of new technologies in animal breeding, and research in animal reproduction. This book is an essential reference for scientists and researchers interested in animal science and animal reproduction.

  • Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry V2

    With Applications and Interpretations
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony Albanese
    • English
    Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry: With Applications and Interpretations, Volume II provides information pertinent to nutritional biochemistry, including the development in enzyme concepts and methodology. This book discusses the mechanisms of several inborn errors of metabolisms and explains the methods by which these errors may be detected. Organized into 11 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the advantages of body compositional data that are useful in evaluating treatment effects associated with physiological or nutritional experiments. This text then delineates the detection of aberrations in the metabolism of tryptophan, which may be induced by pathological stress. Other chapters consider the impact of hormones on the utilization of several nutrients. This book discusses as well the utilization of the essential nutrients, including amino acids, biotin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, and fat-soluble vitamins. The final chapter deals with principles and methods of nutritional needs in humans. Biochemists, graduate students, and investigators in the life sciences will find this book useful.

  • Growth, Nutrition, and Metabolism of Cells In Culture V3

    • 1st Edition
    • George Rothblat
    • English
    Growth, Nutrition, and Metabolism of Cells in Culture, Volume 3, focuses on a number of specific, timely areas of research that make use of cell and tissue culture. The major theme of this volume is growth and its regulation in animal cells. The book includes studies on the role of growth factors in cell culture systems; the effects of cyclic nucleotides in cell proliferation in culture; metabolic regulation during the cell cycle; and the role of the cell surface in growth and metabolic regulation. There are also separate chapters on aspects of abnormal cell growth and metabolism; DNA repair; genetic analysis using cell fusion techniques; the growth of vascular cells in culture for atherosclerosis research; the culture of haploid vertebrate cells for genetic analysis of cell function; data on haploid cell culture; and the value of using cell cultures to test for the possible toxicity of various pharmacologic agents.

  • Water Activity and Food

    • 1st Edition
    • John Troller
    • English
    Water Activity and Food explores the role of water activity in the water relations of microorganisms and in food processing, packaging, and storage. It reviews the literature and provides numerous examples demonstrating the use of water activity to predict the reactions of microorganisms or the stability of food components. It also highlights cases where water activity is not a reliable predictor of events and considers some interesting interactions with other environmental parameters. Comprised of 11 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of water in foods and solutions, water activity values for foods, and water relations of enzyme activity. It then discusses lipid oxidation, enzyme reactions and non-enzymatic browning, and several other food-related factors. The reader is also introduced to water relations of microbial growth; the effects of water on microbial survival; the spoilage and preservation of foods at various levels of water activity; the water relations of food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella and toxigenic molds; the importance of water activity in non-microbiological aspects of food processing and storage; and the influence of atmospheric relative humidity on sanitation and the protection of food products. This book is an important source of information for researchers in food microbiology and microbial water relations.

  • Herbivorous Insects

    Host-seeking Behavior and mechanisms
    • 1st Edition
    • Sami Ahmad
    • English
    Herbivorous Insects: Host-Seeking Behavior and Mechanisms addresses mechanisms of searching behavior leading ultimately to host location of herbivorous insects. It is divided into four sections, wherein the first two sections deal with neurophysiology and the diversity of behavioral induction cues. The third section covers the searching mechanisms as affected by insects' breadth of diet. The last part examines the evolutionary analysis of the behavioral and physiological adaptations in insect/host plant relations. This book starts with an introduction to the chemical sensory system as it relates to host selection in general. This is followed by considerable discussions on host-seeking behavior and allied patterns in behavior. This text also includes the study of oviposition behavior in butterflies belonging to Papilionidae. The third section presents host selection and colonization by three insects within the saprophage-predator continuum, namely, Hylurgopinus rufipes, Scolytus multistriatus, and Pissodes strobi. The behaviors by which certain oligophagous insects locate and select food plants are also considered. The concluding part addresses the unifying theme and the diversity of responses of phytophagous insects to plants. The book provides direction toward developing a unifying theme and improving the ability to unravel the complexities of insect/plant interactions. Behaviorists, ecologists, entomologists, evolutionary biologists, and physiologists will find this book invaluable.

  • Pineal and Retinal Relationships

    • 1st Edition
    • Paul G. O'Brien
    • English
    Pineal and Retinal Relationships presents the proceedings of the Symposium on Pineal and Retinal Relationships, held in Sarasota, Florida on May 3–5, 1985. This book looks at the features that the retina of the lateral eyes and the pineal organ share, including biochemical processes, photoreceptive structures, biorhythmic phenomena, and physiological functions. This text also discusses the general and complex concept of photoneuroendocrine systems. Organized into 27 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the basic features of retinal and pineal receptors. It then proceeds with a discussion of the environmental factors that vertebrates use as cue to synchronize their circannual and circadian rhythms by which they adjust their physiological, behavioral, and biochemical functions. Other chapters consider the melatonin synthesis in vertebrates, which allows them to sequence physiological events into closer temporal position with seasonal climatic changes. This book is a valuable resource to optometrist, neurologist, neurosurgeons, photobiologists, ophthalmologists, and eye care professionals.

  • Biochemistry and Physiology of Protozoa

    • 2nd Edition
    • M Levendowsky
    • English
    Biochemistry and Physiology of Protozoa, Second Edition, Volume 1 is organized into 13 chapters, beginning with a discussion on fine structure and phytogeny of phytoflagellates. This book discusses the structural features of protozoan cytochromes. Subsequent chapters explain sterol and carotenoid distributions in various groups, phycobiliproteins in cryptomonads, halotolerance in Dunaliella, physiology of coccolithophorids, the ameboflagellates, and bioluminescence of phytoflagellates. This edition also describes the most severe and best known of the toxins, saxitoxin, produced by species of Gonyaulax. Lastly, the physiological ecology of red tide flagellates is explained.

  • Agriculture in Dry Lands

    Principles and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 26
    • I. Arnon
    • English
    Throughout history, man has, by over-use, consistently reduced the productive capacity of dry lands. This degradation of one-third of the land area of the globe is, unfortunately, increasing. In recent years, world interest has turned to the problems of pollution of the environment and the impending food shortage as world population grows explosively. Thus the attention of international and other agricultural bodies has turned to the need for preserving and developing more effectively the agricultural potential of these areas.This book provides a comprehensive review of present knowledge of the agriculture of dry lands, with special emphasis on measures for conserving their natural resources. Management practices are described which aim at optimizing productivity of rainfed and irrigated agriculture without adverse effects on sustainability. Land use in the dry regions, and its evolution throughout history is described and analysed, and the lessons to be learnt from destructive technologies are stressed. In particular, current proposals for an alternative agriculture are discussed and their justification is questioned. This is a generalist work, which specialists can also find interesting, not only in their own discipline but as a concise way of acquainting themselves with the state-of-the-art in associated fields. Increasing specialisation with each discipline using its own vocabulary leads inevitably to communication problems, and the need for multi-disciplinary teams makes inter-discipline communication indispensible.

  • Human Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterases

    • 1st Edition
    • Hermona Soreq
    • English
    Human Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterases summarizes the many fundamental concepts of human cholinesterases (ChEs) and their inhibitors. This book is divided into three chapters that represent human cholinesterase research studies from different points of view. Chapter 1 deals with the biochemical and biological background of human ChEs. This chapter also examines the molecular polymorphism, genomic origin, genetic variants, and biological roles of these enzymes. Chapter 2 provides the molecular characterization of human ChE genes and their multileveled regulation, with a special emphasis on butyrylcholinesteras... Chapter 3 discusses the scientific, ecological, and clinical implications of the studies presented in the previous chapters. Protein scientists, engineers, and researchers will find this work invaluable.

  • Tissue Printing

    Tools for the Study of Anatomy, Histochemistry, And Gene Expression
    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    Tissue Printing explains and compiles step-by-step methods and applications of this elegantly simple and practical technique. The protocols can be easily modified by the research biologist or teacher to study a wide variety of biological problems for basic research or classroom teaching. Tissue printing requires no expensive equipment for successful implementation, is safe, and can be used for both plant and animal systems. This practical laboratory guide contains many illustrative halftones, a complete bibliography, technique overviews, detailed protocols, and sample practical applications.

  • Psychobiology Behavior From a Biological Perspective

    • 1st Edition
    • James McGaugh
    • English
    Psychobiology: Behavior from a Biological Perspective covers the problems encountered in understanding the biology of behavior. This book contains seven chapters that present a contemporary analysis of the essential features of these problems. Chapter 1 provides extensive evidence concerning the evolution of specific aspects of behavior and illustrates the genetic processes underlying the evolution of behavior. Chapter 2 presents a contemporary analysis of the problem of instinctive behavior. Chapters 3 to 7 are concerned with processes underlying behavior, including sensory processes, motivation, attention, and memory. These chapters discuss the essential issues together with contemporary facts and theories. This work will be of value to psychobiologists, neurobiologists, behaviorists, and researchers who are interested in the biological aspects of behavior.

  • Tropical Botanic Gardens

    Their Role in Conservation and Development
    • 1st Edition
    • V. H. Heywood + 1 more
    • English
    This book includes the proceedings of the second symposium on one important role of botanic gardens in conserving world plant resources. Sessions covered topics such as implementing the botanic gardens conservation strategy, regional networks and national programs in the tropics, and germplasm banks in botanic gardens.

  • Handbook of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Nand K. Jha
    • English
    This handbook is a compilation of the current practical knowledge of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). FMS allow manufacturing plants of all sizes to reduce their inventory while increasing their ability to meet consumer demands. By controlling automatic guided vehicles, robots, and machine tools with one central computer, products can now be produced in a variety of styles and models all at the same time. FMS are designed to adapt quickly and economically to changes in requirements and to unpredictable events. This guide explains how to effectively employ these useful new systems.

  • The Testis

    Biochemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • A.D. Johnson
    • English
    The Testis, Volume II: Biochemistry focuses on the study of the biochemistry of mammalian testis. Composed of contributions of authors, the book starts with the endocrinology of the testis. Topics covered include testicular estrogens and androgens; the effect of age on testicular steroidogenesis; and endocrine regulation of spermatogenesis. The compilation also presents a histochemical analysis of the localization of testicular enzymes. Covered are histochemistry; enzymes of the fetal and mature testis; and the factors affecting testicular enzymes. The text notes as well that blood flow, hormones, nutrition, age, and temperature can affect testicular lipids and that the testis has testicular proteins and nucleic acids. The selection also outlines the growth and development of mammalian testis, and then ends with the discussions on hormonal regulation; chemical constituents; and testicular development, structure, and spermatogenesis of invertebrate testes. The compilation will best serve the interest of readers interested in studying the structure and functions of the testis.

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