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Elsevier

Books in Life sciences

  • The Initiation of DNA Replication

    • 1st Edition
    • Dan S Ray
    • English
    The Initiation of DNA Replication contains the proceedings of the 1981 ICN-UCLA Symposia on Structure and DNA-Protein Interactions of Replication Origins, held in Salt Lake City, Utah on March 8-13, 1981. The papers explore the initiation of DNA replication and address relevant topics such as whether there are specific protein recognition sites within an origin; how many proteins interact at an origin and whether they interact in a specific temporal sequence; or whether origins can be subdivided into distinct functional domains. The specific biochemical steps in DNA chain initiation and how they are catalyzed are also discussed. This book is organized into six sections and comprised of 41 chapters. The discussion begins by analyzing the replication origin region of the Escherichia coli chromosome and the precise location of the region carrying autonomous replicating function. A genetic map of the replication and incompatibility regions of the resistance plasmids R100 and R1 is described, and several gene products produced in vivo or in vitro from the replication region are considered. The sections that follow focus on the DNA initiation determinants of bacteriophage M13 and of chimeric derivatives carrying foreign replication determinants; suppressor loci in E. coli; and enzymes and proteins involved in initiation of phage and bacterial chromosomes. The final chapters examine the origins of eukaryotic replication. This book will be of interest to scientists, students, and researchers in fields ranging from microbiology and molecular biology to biochemistry, molecular genetics, and physiology.

  • Mutagenic Effects of Environmental Contaminants

    • 1st Edition
    • H.E. Sutton
    • English
    Mutagenic Effects of Environmental Contaminants investigates the mutagenic consequences of environmental contaminants, such as pesticides, industrials, food additives, drugs, and biologicals, as well as the possible relationships between mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. It describes the monitoring of chemical mutagens in the environment and the ways that genetic mutations cause disease in humans. Organized into 14 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the current burden of human genetic disease and the biochemical mechanisms of mutation. It then discusses practical and feasible methods that use a variety of organisms to screen potential mutagenic agents, increased mutation rates in human populations, mutagens that are currently used commercially, and the interrelationships between mutagenicity, carcinogenicity, and teratogenicity. The reader is also introduced to genetic toxicology, detection of chemically induced mutations in experimental animals, and chromosome and somatic mutations in humans. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, policymakers, and administrators of environmental programs.

  • Human Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterases

    • 1st Edition
    • Hermona Soreq
    • English
    Human Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterases summarizes the many fundamental concepts of human cholinesterases (ChEs) and their inhibitors. This book is divided into three chapters that represent human cholinesterase research studies from different points of view. Chapter 1 deals with the biochemical and biological background of human ChEs. This chapter also examines the molecular polymorphism, genomic origin, genetic variants, and biological roles of these enzymes. Chapter 2 provides the molecular characterization of human ChE genes and their multileveled regulation, with a special emphasis on butyrylcholinesteras... Chapter 3 discusses the scientific, ecological, and clinical implications of the studies presented in the previous chapters. Protein scientists, engineers, and researchers will find this work invaluable.

  • Enzymatic Basis of Detoxication Volume 2

    • 1st Edition
    • William B. Jakoby
    • English
    Enzymatic Basis of Detoxication, Volume II, reviews the state of knowledge on foreign compound metabolism at the level of what specific enzymes can do. The book attempts to provide a holistic view of the information gleaned from work with specific, purified enzymes encompassing as many mammalian sources as have been studied. The book is organized into two parts. Part I on conjugation reactions and related systems includes studies on the properties of glucuronide formation; the physiological function, assay, and purificatgion of function of bilirubin-glucuronos... glucuronosyltransfer... the roles of N- and O-methylation reactions and glutathione transferases in detoxication; and amino acid conjugation. Part II presents studies on hydrolytic systems, covering the role of epoxide hydrolase, carboxylesterases, and amidases in detoxication and the regulatory effects of these enzymes. This book provides pharmacologists and toxicologists with the biochemical view of detoxication, and biochemists with the corresponding pharmacological and toxicological aspects.

  • Alcohol and Opiates

    Neurochemical and Behavioral Mechanisms
    • 1st Edition
    • Kenneth Blum
    • English
    Alcohol and Opiates: Neurochemical and Behavioral Mechanisms contains the proceedings of the 1976 conference, ""The Neurochemical and Behavioral Mechanisms of Alcohol and Opiate Dependence"", held in New York. The papers focus on the commonalities and distinctions of alcohol and opiates in terms of neurochemical and behavioral mechanisms. It also highlights key research findings on alcohol and drug dependence as well as advances in the understanding of opiate neurochemistry and the nature of alcoholism. Organized into two sections comprised of 22 chapters, this compilation begins with an overview of the various techniques used to produce and to measure alcohol dependence using animal models. It then discusses the neurochemical components of ethanol dependence, the pharmacogenetics of alcoholism, and the effects of alcohol on behavioral performance. The remaining chapters examine the pharmacology of isoquinoline alkaloids and ethanol interactions, the neurochemical aspects of opiate dependence, the pharmocological heterogeneity of narcotic receptors, and the pharmacology of endogenous opiate-like peptides. The book also introduces the reinforcement of behavior by morphine injections and the metabolic stereospecificity of opiate agonist and antagonist drugs. It concludes with an assessment of future research directions concerning opioid peptides (endorphins). This book is a valuable source of information for those seeking to build clinical programs designed to alleviate the sociological and medical ills associated with alcohol and opiate abuse and drug dependency.

  • Molecular Genetics Pt 3

    • 1st Edition
    • Herbert Taylor
    • English
    Molecular Genetics, Part III: Chromosome Structure explores the structure and modification of DNA, chromatin, and higher order organization and possible subunits of chromosomes at the molecular level. It describes major changes in concepts of chromatin structure and packaging of DNA based on studies of nuclease digests and electron micrographs; the role of restriction endonucleases in molecular genetics; the involvement of DNA topoisomerases in concerted breaking and rejoining of DNA backbone bonds; enzymatic methylation of DNA; and transcriptional units in eukaryotic chromosomes. Organized into seven chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the general properties of type I and type II restriction enzymes, basic aspects of restriction enzyme technology, and applications of restriction enzyme technology to the study of chromosome structure and function. It then discusses recombinant DNA technology; possible biological roles of DNA topoisomerases; recognition and control sequences in nucleic acids; composition and substructure of nucleosomes; analysis of chromosome fibers by electron microscopy; organization of fibers into chromosomes; and functional aspects of organization of chromosome fibers. Molecular biologists, geneticists, scientists, and electron microscopists will find this book extremely helpful.

  • Cellular Responses to Molecular Modulators

    • 1st Edition
    • Lee Mozes
    • English
    Miami Winter Symposia, Volume 18: Cellular Responses to Molecular Modulators is a collection of papers presented at the 13th Miami Winter Symposium held in Miami Beach in 1981 through the joint effort of the University of Miami School of Medicine and the Papanicolaou Cancer Research Institute. Separating 27 manuscripts into chapters, this book begins with a discussion on protein structure and function. This topic is followed by considerable chapters devoted to a whole series of molecules that precisely and specifically modulate a particular behavior and that can be studied in detail in isolated cells in culture. These chapters also look into the research studies on mitogen receptor cytobiochemistry, including special insertion properties and internal migratory fate after binding to effectors. Other chapters discuss the primary gene product containing the thymosin α1 sequence; the purification and production of interferons from cell cultures; the biochemical mechanisms by which interferons modulate cell behavior; and the ability of interferons to regulate natural killer lytic activity at the single cell or population level. The concluding chapters explore the distinct interferon classes by their antigenic, biological, and chemical properties. This book will be of great benefit to cell biologists and researchers.

  • Humoral Control of Growth And Differentiation

    Vertebrate Regulatory Factors
    • 1st Edition
    • Joseph Lobue
    • English
    Humoral Control of Growth and Differentiation, Volume I: Vertebrate Regulatory Factors is a part of two-volume work that introduces the reader to humoral control of growth and differentiation in vertebrates. This volume gives emphasis on chemical messengers, which have received relatively little attention in standard treatises on endocrine physiology for a number of reasons. Organized into three parts, this book begins with the physiological significance of chalones. This class of hormones is intimately associated with mitotic homeostasis as inhibitors of cell division. The book then looks into the aspects of blood cell formation and release, as well as the humoral control of organs and tissue growth. This volume also includes chapters discussing the humoral changes occurring in diseases of the blood and other pathologic states. The humoral factors influencing lymphocyte proliferation in culture are also explained. Moreover, this volume examines the effects of the more orthodox hormones upon skeletal growth and regeneration.

  • Extracellular Matrix Influences on Gene Expression

    • 1st Edition
    • Harold Slavkin
    • English
    Extracellular Matrix Influences on Gene Expression emerged from the Second international Santa Catalina Island Colloquium that deals with the discussion on the advances in the molecular biology of extracellular matrices and the epigenetic influences on cell function. Topics discussed include morphological descriptions, genetics, teratology, collagen heterogeneity, and mineralization. The book's 12 chapters discuss the chromosomal and extrachromosomal influences upon transcription, translational and post-translational regulations during development, and regulation of extracellular matrix molecular biosynthesis. The book describes the regulation of tissue-specific collagen biosynthesis and the extracellular matrix macromolecules. It contains papers that explain the outer cell surface specificity and cell interactions. Because there are advances as well in other specific topics, such as the epithelial-masenchym... interactions and extracellular matrix influences on gene expression, this book contains papers that deal with these subject matters. Furthermore, it explains the matrix-cell and cell-matrix interactions and mineralization processes, as well as the aberrations in developmental processes. This book will be useful to those individuals who study the scientific advances in developmental biology.

  • From Gene to Protein: Information Transfer in Normal and Abnormal Cells

    • 1st Edition
    • Thomas Russell
    • English
    Miami Winter Symposia, Volume 16: From Gene to Protein: Information Transfer in Normal and Abnormal Cells presents the expression and processing of genetic information at the levels of both proteins and nucleic acids. This book deals with the reassembly and mobilization of genetic information. Organized into 105 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the discovery of the double helix and the search for the genetic code and the three-dimensional structure of protein. This text then examines the molecular mechanism by which steroid hormones regulate specific gene expression. Other chapters consider the possible hazards inherent to hybrid DNA technology. This book discusses as well the various problems of gene control in higher organisms, which are illustrated by the changes that occur in the hemoglobin of mammals. The final chapter deals with the characterization of adenovirus-2 mRNAs. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, genetic engineers, enzymologists, scientists, geneticists, and molecular biologists.

  • Physiology of Woody Plants

    • 1st Edition
    • Paul Kramer
    • English
    Physiology of Woody Plants explains how physiological processes are involved in growth of woody plants and how they are affected by the environment, including the mechanisms of the processes themselves. Organized into 17 chapters, this book discusses the role of plant physiology, as well as the form and structure of woody plant. It also explores the nature and periodicity of shoot, cambial, root, and reproductive growth of trees of the temperate and tropical zones. Other topics elucidated are the process of photosynthesis and respiration, the various substances found in woody plants, plant nutrition, and factors affecting plant growth. This book will be valuable as a text to students and teachers and as a reference to investigators and others who desire a better understanding of how woody plants grow.

  • Systems Neuroscience

    • 1st Edition
    • David Metzler
    • English
    Systems Neuroscience is a compilation of interdisciplinary contributions to systems neuroscience — an approach within neuroscience that connects system theory and computer simulation. The compendium contains papers that discusses and elaborates a diverse range of studies in systems neuroscience. The topics in the book include the psychophysical data on human visual perception and memory, and indicates the value of a top-down analysis in relating quantitative measurements of human behavior to the fine-level analysis of the neurophysiology; computer analysis of a neural model of masking and flicker fusion; studies on the properties of differential equations that represent networks of neurons; the development of an interactive computer graphics language for the simulation of concurrent processes such as those occurring in neural networks; and the data structures for internal representations of spatial dimensions in the brain. The book will be a good source of valuable insight for neuroscientists.

  • Assessment of Immune status by the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test

    • 1st Edition
    • D Thomson
    • English
    Assessment of Immune Status by the Leukocyte Adherence Inhibition Test reviews many aspects of the immune response and cellular requirements in leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI). It compares the LAI methodology with alternative approaches, discusses the method that has been adopted to determine whether the LAI phenomenon measures a specific immune response, and explores how these phenomena fit in with and relate to the traditional immune response. Organized into three parts encompassing 15 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the hemocytometer assay, the immunological basis and applications of hemocytometer LAI, the immune response as assayed by the test tube method, and the microplate assay. It then discusses cellular populations in LAI; measurements of humoral antitumor immunity; clinical application of LAI in breast cancer, prostate cancer, and rheumatic diseases; the biology of LAI and its response to human cancer; and cellular and pharmacologic aspects of LAI. It also compares microplate LAI with other in vitro assays of cell-mediated immunity, as well as tumor immunity in animal models and human cancer. Both beginning and experienced investigators involved in all aspects of immunologic research will find this book extremely useful.

  • Cyclic AMP

    • 1st Edition
    • G Robison
    • English
    Cyclic AMP provides information pertinent to cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (AMP), a regulatory agent that controls the rate of a number of cellular processes. This book discusses the heat-stable factor mediating the action of glucagon and epinephrine on the activation of liver phosphorylase. Organized into 12 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the biological role of cyclic AMP, which is extended from a relatively simple role in liver glycogenolysis to a significant regulatory agent in most mammalian tissues. This text then discusses the development that led to the discovery of the heat-stable factor from investigations with cyclic nucleotides. Other chapters explore the chemical agents, which are released from one group of cells and travel via the bloodstream to affect one or more different groups of cells. The final chapter discusses the role of cyclic AMP to mammalian physiology, with emphasis on the many possible defects that may lead to human disease. This book is a valuable resource for graduate students and clinical investigators involved in biological and biomedical sciences.

  • Developmental Aspects of the Cell Cycle

    • 1st Edition
    • Ivan Cameron
    • English
    Developmental Aspects of the Cell Cycle discusses the molecular, organelle, cellular, and organismal levels of cell cycle, cell proliferation, and cell differentiation. It addresses the possible antagonism between the ability of cells to proliferate and to differentiate. After brief historical, theoretical, and methodological background information for each cell system, this book concentrates on the mechanisms involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation. The book presents systems in which mass cultures of cells can be induced to undergo a synchronous transition from one cell state to another, enabling the amplification of cellular and biochemical events to be analyzed with the available morphological and biochemical techniques. Some chapters explain the possibility of cell state production by a microenvironment that occurs at the organismal level, in which a series of mitotic and growth steps causes cells proliferation. The concluding chapters discuss cell proliferation and differentiation in specific cell system, such as embryonic chick and male germ cell. This book will appeal to investigators in many disciplines, teachers, and life sciences students, particularly, to molecular, cellular, and developmental biologists.

  • Disease Resistance in Plants

    • 2nd Edition
    • J.E. Vanderplank
    • English
    Disease Resistance in Plants, Second Edition, looks at genetic, epidemiologic, biochemical, and biometric principles for developing new cultivars possessing genetic resistance to diseases. It examines the nature of disease resistance and resistance genes, and it highlights the importance of stabilizing selection, sugar, biotrophy, and necrotrophy to obtain the greatest possible yields. Organized into 17 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of disease resistance in plants and the ways to develop disease-resistant variants. It then discusses unspecific resistance; the resistance gene paradox; susceptibility and resistance within narrow host taxa; phenotypic variation and gene numbers in host plants; discontinuous variation and cytoplasmic inheritance; and experimental difficulties in partitioning variance. The reader is also introduced to epistasis and the structure of virulence in pathogens; the notion of physiological race; how the pathogen adapts to the host; mutation in the pathogen from avirulence to virulence; horizontal and vertical resistance to disease and its epidemiological effects; and the link between protein polymorphism and vertical resistance. In addition, the book discusses genes for susceptibility in the host versus genes for avirulence (or virulence) in the pathogen; sink-induced loss of resistance; high-sugar disease processes and biotrophy; slow rusting of cereal crops; plant resistance against endemic disease; and the accumulation of resistance genes in heterogeneous host populations. This book will be useful to plant pathologists and plant breeders.

  • MHPC: Basic Mechanisms and Psychopathology

    • 1st Edition
    • James Maas
    • English
    MHPG: Basic Mechanisms and Psychopathology discusses the interactions between clinical biological psychiatry and basic neuropsychopharmacol... Composed of 10 chapters, this book focuses on the role of 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyp... (MHPG) in psychiatric disorders, particularly, in depression and mania. The book first examines the enzyme systems that produce MHPG in the brain and the features of these enzymes that could be used to reconcile several contradictions with regard to the origin of urinary MHPG. It then discusses the correlation between changes in impulse flow in central noradrenergic neurons of the locus ceruleus and MHPG levels in brain. The subsequent chapters cover the theoretical issues and empirical data dealing with the interrelationships between plasma and urinary measures of MHPG and central nervous system noradrenergic function. Measurement methods of MHPG in plasma, cerebrospinal fluid, and urine are also presented. The concluding chapters deal with the relevant human studies in patient and nonpatient populations concerning the role of MHPG in depressive disorders, with particular emphasis on clinical studies in childhood and adolescence. This book is of value to clinical biologists, psychiatrists, and neuropsychopharmacol...

  • Cell of Immunoglobulin Synthesis

    • 1st Edition
    • Benvenuto Pernis
    • English
    Cells of Immunoglobulin Synthesis documents the proceedings of a symposium on ""Cells of Immunoglobulin Synthesis"" held at Arden House, on the Harriman Campus of Columbia University from June 9-11, 1978. The meeting was the third of the P & S Biomedical Sciences Symposia. Starting with the opening address on B lymphocyte differentiation and the tolerance problem, the remainder of the book presents the contributions made by researchers at the symposium. These contributions are organized into seven parts. Part I contains studies on immunoglobulin genes, messages, and molecules. Part II presents studies on cellular immunoglobulin production. Part III examines membrane immunoglobulins while Part IV focuses on immunoglobulins as regulatory molecules. Part V deals with lymphocyte hybrids. Part VI examines immunoglobulin idiotypes while Part VII contains papers on the ontogeny of immunoglobulin-synth... cells.

  • Molecular Control of Proliferation and Differentiation

    • 1st Edition
    • John Papaconstantinou
    • English
    Molecular Control of Proliferation and Differentiation documents the proceedings of the 35th symposium of The Society for Developmental Biology entitled "Molecular Control of Proliferation and Differentiation," held at Asilomar, Monterey Peninsula, California, June 8-11, 1976. The contributions made by researchers at the symposium are organized into seven parts. Part I presents a paper on cell communication in embryological development. Part II includes studies on growth factors, including fibroblast growth factor and epidermal growth factor. Part III examines the factors affecting nerve cell differentiation and function. It includes papers on nerve growth factor and peptides as central nervous system neurotransmitters. Part IV focuses on cell interactions in blood cell development. It includes studies on factors affecting the differentiation of blood cells and the proliferation of hemopoietic stem cells in vitro. Part V examines cell interactions in the immune system. Part VI deals with cell interactions in organogenesis. Part VII covers the factors effecting differentiation in lower eukaryotes.

  • Muscle and Meat Biochemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • A.M. Pearson
    • English
    Muscle and Meat Biochemistry teaches the different concepts and topics under the eponymous subject. The book covers the gross and detailed composition and structure of muscles and the relationship of the nervous system with the muscular system; muscle cell differentiation and growth; proteins of the thick filament; and the molecular structure and enzymatic activity of myosin. The text also discusses the proteins found in the thin filament - actin, troponin, and myosin; skeletal muscle growth; protein metabolism; and fiber types. The book also encompasses cardiac and smooth muscle; sarcoplasmic proteins; the connective tissues - collagen, elastin, and ground substance; and the postmortem changes during conversion of muscle to meat. The text is recommended for advanced undergraduate and graduate students, as well as for scientists who would like to know more about muscle biology, muscle physiology, and meat science.

  • The Physiology of Insecta V5

    • 2nd Edition
    • Morris Rockstein
    • English
    The Physiology of Insecta, Second Edition, Volume V, is part of a multivolume treatise that brings together the known facts, the controversial material, and the many unresolved and unsettled problems of insect physiology. It features chapters written by the outstanding workers in each of a wide range of insect function areas. It is designed to meet a manifest need, which has arisen from the phenomenal increase in research activity on insects, for an authoritative, comprehensive reference work in insect physiology. The book begins with a discussion of insect nutrition. This is followed by separate chapters on the physiology of digestion and absorption; the factors affecting insect heart rates; the electrical properties of the insect heart; and the hemocytes of insects. Subsequent chapters cover the physiological role and the adaptive significance of the main biochemical constituents of insect hemolymph; salt and water balance in insects; defense reactions in insects; and microsomal mixed-function oxidases.

  • Cyclitols and Phosphoinositides

    • 1st Edition
    • William W. Wells
    • English
    Cyclitols and Phosphoinositides covers the proceedings of the 1977 Conference on Cyclitols and Phosphoinositides, held at the Kellogg Center for Continuing Education, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan. This book is organized into eight parts encompassing 43 chapters. The first parts describe the chemistry of cyclitols, inositol phosphates, and phosphoinositides. The subsequent parts explore the ubiquitous myoinositol and its phospholipids in animals, plants, yeast, bacteria, and molds; in various body parts, such as iris, brain, nerves, pineal, testis, lymphocytes, pancreas, parotid, retina, synapses, lysosomes; and the test tube. The last parts consider the mechanism of inositol biosynthesis and the meaning of increased phosphatidylinositol turnover in response to extracellular stimuli. This book will prove useful to research workers in the fields of organic chemistry, biochemistry, genetics, physiology, microbiology, pharmacology, botany, and nutrition.

  • The Carbohydrates Volume 1A

    Chemistry and Biochemistry
    • 2nd Edition
    • W.W. Pigman
    • English
    The Carbohydrates: Chemistry and Biochemistry, Second Edition, Volume IA deals with the chemical and biochemical aspects of carbohydrates such as monosaccharides, sugars, esters, halogen derivatives, phosphates, glycosides, glycosans, alditols, and cyclitols. Topics range from carbohydrate chemistry and stereochemistry to the synthesis of naturally occurring monosaccharides, mutarotations and actions of acids and bases, conformations of sugars, and reactivity of saccharide hydroxyl groups toward esterification. This book consists of 15 chapters that explore the effects of ionizing radiations and autoxidation reactions, physical methods and methods of separation, nucleosides and antibiotics, and the biosynthesis of sugars and complex saccharides. The rapidly growing fields of glycolipids and glycoproteins are also discussed. In addition, the reader is introduced to halogen derivatives such as glycosyl halides and nonanomeric halides, along with the hydrolysis and synthesis of phosphates and other inorganic esters, determination of the structure of glycosides, and the physical and chemical properties of acyclic derivatives. The two final chapters cover the official nomenclature rules for carbohydrates and for enzymes having carbohydrates as substrates. This book will be of interest to chemists and biochemists.

  • Macromolecules Regulating Growth and Development

    • 1st Edition
    • Elizabeth Hay
    • English
    Macromolecules Regulating Growth and Development documents the proceedings of the 30th Symposium of the Society for Developmental Biology, held at the University of Washington in Seattle, June 17-19, 1971. The contributions made by researchers at the symposium are organized into three parts. Part I deals with regulatory factors in the selective growth of mammalian cells. It includes papers on the role of the cell surface in growth and transformation; the epidermal growth factor; and the role in regulation of tumor growth. Part II examines the formation and organization of plant cell walls and the plasma membrane. It presents studies on the origin and growth of cell surface components; synthesis and secretion of proteins in plant cells; and lipids and membrane structure. Part III deals with the organization and expression of genetic information. The contributions in this section include organization of DNA and proteins in mammalian chromosomes; total synthesis of transfer RNA genes; and biosynthesis of bacterial ribosomes.

  • Fundamentals of Bacterial Plant Pathology

    • 1st Edition
    • Masao Goto
    • English
    Intended as a text for plant bacteriology courses and as a reference for plant pathologists in agricultural extension services and experimental stations, Fundamentals of Bacterial Plant Pathology presents current information on bacterial morphology, taxonomy, genetics, and ecology. Diagnosis, disease management, and the molecular basis of host-pathogen interactions are examined. The book is well illustrated, includes both subject and taxonomic indexes, and provides suggestions for the further reading.

  • The Physiology of Insecta V6

    • 2nd Edition
    • Morris Rockstein
    • English
    The Physiology of Insecta, Second Edition, Volume VI, is part of a multivolume treatise that brings together the known facts, the controversial material, as well as the many unresolved and unsettled problems of insect physiology. It features chapters written by the outstanding workers in each of a wide range of insect function areas. It is designed to meet a manifest need, which has arisen from the phenomenal increase in research activity on insects, for an authoritative, comprehensive reference work in insect physiology. The book begins with a discussion of the physiology of insect resistance to insecticides. This is followed by separate chapters on the structure and formation of the integument in insects; the physical properties and chemical components of the insect cuticle; and permeability of the insect cuticle. Subsequent chapters cover the organization and evolution of the insect tracheal system; aquatic respiration in insects; and factors affecting insect respiratory rates.

  • Cell-Cell Signaling in Vertebrate Development

    • 1st Edition
    • E.J. Robertson
    • English
    Cell-Cell Signaling in Vertebrate Development provides a comprehensive discussion of cell-cell interactions in vertebrate development and the molecular signals that mediate them. The book is divided into six parts, arranged according to major developmental phenomena demonstrated in illustrative systems derived from amphibian, avian, mammalian, and piscine sources. Part I introduces the mechanisms of gene activation in the context of early vertebrate development. Part II is concerned with cellular contacts and the induction process. Cell-cell interactions are illustrated through analyses of neurogenesis in the mouse; embryonic induction is considered in the frog and in the chick. Part III deals with cell migration and differentiation. It examines cell lineages in the frog eyebud; migration phenomena in connection with axon guidance in the embryonic rat spinal cord and mouse visual system; pathfinding by primary motoneurons; and the formation of terminal arbors in zebrafish embryos. Part IV discusses developmental processes that depend on diffusible signals and signal gradients. Part V illustrates pattern formation as exemplified in the developing chick hindbrain and in urodele limb regeneration. Part VI highlights gene expression and its regulation by transcription factors or growth factors in rodent development.

  • Metabolic Pathways

    • 3rd Edition
    • David Greenberg
    • English
    Metabolic Pathways, Third Edition: Volume IV: Nucleic Acids, Protein Synthesis, and Coenzymes focuses on the metabolic pathways of the major biological constituents of living organisms, namely, nucleic acids, proteins, and coenzymes. The biosynthesis and metabolism of purines and pyrimidines, nucleotides, riboflavin and related compounds, and vitamin B6 are discussed. The biogenesis and metabolism of thiamine and folic acid are also considered. This volume is comprised of seven chapters and begins with an analysis of metabolic control and enzymology of purines and pyrimidines such as inosinic acid and nucleotides. The next chapter is devoted to the biosynthesis and metabolism of nucleotides and nucleic acids, making reference to deoxyribonucleotides as well as RNA and DNA. Some of the reactions involving nucleotides are classified and briefly discussed. The reader is then introduced to protein synthesis, paying particular attention to the chemical features of the synthesis of the peptide bond and the characteristics of the genetic code implicated in this process. The remaining chapters focus on riboflavin and related compounds, thiamine, folic acid, and vitamin B6. This book will be a useful resource for biochemists and biologists.

  • Psychobiology Behavior From a Biological Perspective

    • 1st Edition
    • James McGaugh
    • English
    Psychobiology: Behavior from a Biological Perspective covers the problems encountered in understanding the biology of behavior. This book contains seven chapters that present a contemporary analysis of the essential features of these problems. Chapter 1 provides extensive evidence concerning the evolution of specific aspects of behavior and illustrates the genetic processes underlying the evolution of behavior. Chapter 2 presents a contemporary analysis of the problem of instinctive behavior. Chapters 3 to 7 are concerned with processes underlying behavior, including sensory processes, motivation, attention, and memory. These chapters discuss the essential issues together with contemporary facts and theories. This work will be of value to psychobiologists, neurobiologists, behaviorists, and researchers who are interested in the biological aspects of behavior.

  • Plant Peroxisomes

    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony H.C. Huang
    • English
    Plant Peroxisomes deals with the biogenesis of plant peroxisomes and its relevance to the proposed model for peroxisome biogenesis in germinated seeds. The book is divided into seven chapters that discuss the history, cytochemistry, morphology, properties, isolation, metabolism, enzymology, and ontogeny of plant peroxisomes. The book first explains how advances in electron microscopy and cell fractionation studies have led to the detection of peroxisome. The subsequent chapters discuss the types and metabolic functions of plant peroxisomes and the cytochemical procedures for establishing the localization of specific enzymes and for analyzing peroxisome distribution in nonflowering plants, algae, and fungi. A chapter presents methods of peroxisome isolation from various tissues and the physical and chemical properties of the isolated organelles. Considerable chapters are devoted to the metabolic functions, enzymatic activities, development of their form, and biochemistry of peroxisomes. Several key enzymes of the glycolate pathway of photorespiration found in leaf peroxisomes are presented. A discussion on the physiology of plant peroxisomes is provided. This book will be of value to professional scientists and graduate students concerned with plant metabolism and development.

  • The Hormones V1

    Physiology, Chemistry and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Mohhamad Reza Kiani
    • English
    The Hormones: Physiology, Chemistry and Applications, Volume I covers roles of hormones in a wide diversity of vital processes. This volume consists of 16 chapters that discuss the chemistry of hormones, their role in organisms other than mammals, and some aspects of the animal physiology. After a brief history of hormone research studies, this book goes on exploring the chemistry, physiology, assay, and mechanism of action of plant, insect, and crustacean hormones. The subsequent chapters examine the biochemistry, physiology, and assay methods of hormones of the gastrointestinal tract, parathyroid gland, pancreas, and ovary. These topics are followed by discussions on the chemistry and metabolism of other hormones, such as progesterone, androgens, and adrenal cortical and anterior pituitary hormones. The final chapters consider the role of ovarian, pituitary, and thyroid hormones in mammary growth, as well as the mechanism of hormonal control of lactation. Endocrinologists, applied biologists, physiologists, biochemists, and researchers in various fields of medicine will find this book of great value.

  • Genetics and Biotechnology of Bacilli

    • 1st Edition
    • A.T. Ganesan
    • English
    Genetics and Biotechnology of Bacilli contains the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Genetics and Biotechnology of Bacilli, held at Stanford University in Stanford, California, on July 6-8, 1983. Contributors discuss the progress that has been made concerning the genetics and biotechnology of Bacillus and focus on topics built around the themes of chromosomal organization, secretion, transcription, gene cloning, gene expression, and synthesis of sporulation-associat... products. This text is organized into 33 chapters and begins with an overview of bacteriophage lambda biology, with emphasis on lambda insertion, controlled DNA rearrangements, operator-promoter function, and the evolution of extrachromosomal elements. The reader is then introduced to genetic mapping of cloned ribosomal RNA genes, gene amplification in Bacillus subtilis, beta-lactamases of Bacilli, and the role of a Bacillus secretion vector in the secretion of foreign gene products. This book also gives an account of various facets of Bacillus biology, especially in the identification of promoters, cloning of foreign genes, and selection of expressed gene products. This reference material is a valuable resource for geneticists, microbiologists, and biotechnologists, as well as students and researchers in the fields of molecular biology and biochemistry.

  • Introduction to Floriculture

    • 2nd Edition
    • Roy A. Larson
    • English
    Every major floriculture crop is discussed in detail in Introduction to Floriculture, Second Edition. The information presented can be used as guidelines for the production of these crops. Divided into two sections on miscellaneous cut flowers and other flowering potted plants, this newly revised edition updates and expands on the existing information from the first edition and contains two completely new chapters on specialty cut flowers and geraniums. This book will be an invaluable source of information for the student as well as the commercial grower.

  • Biogenesis Of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides

    • 1st Edition
    • Frank Loewus
    • English
    Biogenesis of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides contains the proceedings of a 1972 symposium on Biogenesis of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides held at the 164th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, New York, New York. The symposium focuses on a broad range of interest from structural to functional aspects of cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis in algae as well as in higher plants. Organized into 17 chapters, this book details the progress and understanding regarding the biosynthesis of cell wall components and the assembly of these components in the wall. It encompasses topics on cell wall polysaccharides, UDP-D-glucuronic acid pyrophosphorylase, and D-xylose. This reference also tackles the UDP-D-glucuronic acid, L-arabinose, D-apiose, and carbohydrate polymers. Furthermore, it explains other topics, such as on extensin, hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein, cellulose, and polygalacturonic acid.

  • A Computer-Mapped Flora

    A Study of The County of Warwickshire
    • 1st Edition
    • D.A. Cadbury
    • English
    A Computer-Mapped Flora presents the study of county flora using electronic data processing methods to sort and codify the information gathered. This book also uses computer techniques for the construction of distribution maps that report the presence or absence of a species in a certain area and their major habitats. The book is comprised of 15 chapters. The first chapter is subdivided into two parts that discuss the previous work and a review and revision of old methods used in the study. The following paragraphs focus on the physical aspect of the topic. This volume includes chapters on the physical background, geology and soils, and historical geography. Also included in the book is a chapter dedicated to the historical survey of Warwickshire bryophytes. The following section focuses on the study and research aspect. Topics included are the recording and processing of data and habitat studies. The topics discussed in the subsequent chapters focus on plants, specifically flowering and vascular plants and bryophytes. Distribution maps, graph-plotted maps, and vascular plant checklists are some of the topics discussed. The book aims to be of service to botanists and other biologists outside of the British setting. This reference material will be helpful to other disciplines as the methods documented herein can also be applied to other studies and research.

  • Biochemistry of the Glycosidic Linkage an Integrated View

    • 1st Edition
    • Romano Piras
    • English
    Biochemistry of the Glycosidic Linkage: An Integrated View is a collection of papers presented at The Pan-American Association of Biochemical Societies Symposium, held in San Carlos de Bariloche, Argentina on November 8-11, 1971. This symposium is organized as a tribute to Luis F. Leloir and his contributions in the field glycosidic linkage. This book is divided into six sessions encompassing 57 chapters. The opening session discusses the role of biochemical mechanisms in the glycosidic linkage formation. The following sessions examine the metabolic functions of some disaccharides, such as trehalose, sucrose, glucose, and starch. These sessions also look into the biosynthesis, function, and properties of carbohydrates containing polymers. The discussion then shifts to the control of enzyme biosynthesis involved in the glycosidic linkage metabolism, with particular emphasis on alpha-amylase, lactose synthetase, phosphorylase, and neuraminidase enzymes. Another session is devoted to the regulatory mechanisms and control of glycogen metabolism. The concluding session covers the genetic analysis and biochemical characterization of the enzymes involved in the glycosidic linkage metabolism. Biochemists and carbohydrate researchers will find this text invaluable.

  • The Behavior of Fish and Other Aquatic Animals

    • 1st Edition
    • David Mostofsky
    • English
    The Behavior of Fish and Other Aquatic Animals provides a comprehensive discussion of the behavior of fish and other aquatic animals. It aims to fulfill the need for published materials that can responsibly depict the status quo of existing knowledge, and that can serve to educate the scientist seeking an organized presentation focused on biobehavioral issues and techniques. The book begins by exploring symbiotic relationships in fishes that range from broad multispecific types that have little or no intimacy between symbionts to intimate mutualistic relationships. It then presents studies on the feasibility of using teleost fish as subjects in behavioral toxicology experiments; the visual behavior of fishes; the role of the teleost telencephalon in behavior; and the auditory systems of fishes. The remaining chapters cover the behavior of turtles in land, sea, and fresh waters; visually guided behavior in turtles; the gas bubble disease of fish; and the advantages and limitations of acoustic telemetry, which has been used to obtain data from animals ranging in size from hatchling sea turtles to large tuna and sharks.

  • Ultrastructure of Rat Adenohypophysis

    Correlation with Function
    • 1st Edition
    • Allen Costoff
    • English
    Ultrastructure of Rat Adenohypophysis: Correlation with Function discusses the ultrastructure of the anterior pituitary in the normal intact rat, as well as in animal after various treatments and changes in its physiology. Wherever possible, the book attempts to coordinate and associate changes in pituitary ultrastructure with physiological aspects. The book also presents a method for the isolation of various populations of pituitary secretory granules that can be used in experimental endocrinological research. It also discusses the various cell types, including the chromophobe; the pars tuberalis and pars intermedia of the adenohypophysis; and the chemical and physical properties of the secretory granules and their formation and release. This reference will serve as a guide for pituitary ultrastructural studies in other species. It is valuable to students and experienced investigators in the field of endocrinology, anatomy, pathology, physiology, biochemistry, and related disciplines.

  • Mammalian Protein Metabolism

    • 1st Edition
    • H.N. Munro
    • English
    Mammalian Protein Metabolism, Volume IV is an 11-chapter text that describes the regulation of protein metabolism in mammals, both at the subcellular level and at the level of the intact organ and of the whole animal. The first two chapters deal with the fundamental control mechanisms in the synthesis and turnover of proteins, followed by chapters on the mode of action of hormones on protein metabolism and on the role of free amino acid pools in regulation. These topics are followed by discussions on the regulation of individual amino acid pathways and the diurnal rhythms in protein metabolism. The final chapters explore the regulation of protein metabolism in four major organs and tissues of the body, including the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidney, and musculature. This book will be of great benefit to biologists, researchers, and biology students.

  • Heredity and Society

    • 1st Edition
    • Ian Porter
    • English
    Heredity and Society documents the proceedings of a symposium on heredity and society sponsored by the Birth Defects Institute of the New York State Department of Health held in Albany, New York, October 26-27, 1971. The central theme, ""Heredity and Society"" means taking part in the exploration of the science of genetics as it affects and is affected by modern life. The contributions made by researchers at the symposium are organized into five sections. The two papers in Section 1 review the history of genetics and discuss ongoing human evolution. Section II presents two studies on changes in the frequency of genes in the population and the evolution of human behavior. Section III contains studies on the effects of genetic counseling and couples who get genetic counseling. Section IV presents some reflections about the consequences of past, present, and future life styles in reproduction of citizens living in Western democracies. It also includes studies on the genetic implications of abortion and the impact of congenital malformations on society. Section V deals with sex chromosome abnormalities; mass screening programs for inborn errors of metabolism; and ethical issues raised by advances in genetics.

  • Genetic Expression in the Cell Cycle

    • 1st Edition
    • G.M. Padilla
    • English
    Genetic Expression in the Cell Cycle provides an understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern the expression of genetic information during the cell cycle. The initial five chapters describe the intimate relationships between the supramolecular complexes that form the basic structure of chromatin. Emphasis is placed on the dynamics of cycle-dependent changes in the structural organization of some of these components. Subsequent chapters demonstrate that small nuclear RNAs (SnRNA) are actively involved in gene regulation in eukaryotic cells; discuss the relationship between cell cycle regulation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and transcription of ribosomal RNA genes; and describe the use of conditional lethal mutants to study the regulation of the cell cycle of eukaryotic cells. The remaining chapters discuss the concepts and methodologies employed to isolate and study specific cell cycle mutants of S. cerevisiae; the antiproliferative effect of interferon on cultured human fibroblasts; and the role of cell membrane and related subcellular elements in the control of proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle kinetics.

  • Biological Horizons in Surface Science

    • 1st Edition
    • L Prince
    • English
    Biological Horizons in Surface Science presents techniques used in surface science research as well as experimental data. It is organized in such a way that there is a transition from the more theoretical or molecular to the more biological. Emphasis is placed on the importance of water in determining molecular architecture and interactions. Methods of examining molecular associations and complex formation of molecules are discussed, and the results from such studies are reviewed. Permeability is examined from the point of view of the energies required to penetrate between two different phases, and from the role that multicellular membranes may play in directing the diffusion of ions or solutes in general. Current concepts of membrane structure based on membrane models are discussed and some new models are suggested. Application of surface science techniques and the unique energies present at interphases are considered with regard to drug interaction with biological tissue and immunological phenomena. The importance of surfactant protein-lipid association is also discussed in regard to alveolar mechanics. This book is directed particularly to biologists who will find many of the techniques used of significance in their own research. It also aims to interest graduate students in this area of investigation.

  • Transgenic Plants

    Present Status and Social and Economic Impacts
    • 1st Edition
    • English
    Volumes 1 and 2 of Transgenic Plants assemble important information on transgenic crops which has appeared scattered in many different publications. These two volumes are a significant milestone in plant/agricultural biology, promote the practical application of recombinant DNA technology, and assist in transforming the agricultural industry.

  • Humoral Factors in Host Defense

    • 1st Edition
    • Yuichi Yamamura
    • English
    Humoral Factors in Host Defense contains the proceedings of the First Takeda Science Foundation Symposium on Bioscience, held on October 28-30, 1982, in Kyoto, Japan. The symposium focused on the humoral factors regulating immune responses, with emphasis on T cell-derived immunoregulatory molecules; molecular mechanisms of interferons; factors involved in differentiation and activation of immunocytes; and the use of the molecular genetics approach to host defense factors. Organized into four parts encompassing 22 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of interleukin-2 and T cell-replacing factors, along with their immunological functions and biochemical features. It then discusses antigen-specific T cell factors; immunoregulatory molecules from human monoclonal T cells; physiological and pathological roles of lymphokines; regulation of the immune system by monoclonal T cell peptides; production of a glycosylated human protein by recombinant DNA technology; and molecular genetics of immunoglobulin genes and the major histocompatibility antigen. Geneticists and biologists will find this book extremely useful.

  • Scale-Up and Automation in Plant Propagation

    Cell Culture and somatic cell Genetics of Plants
    • 1st Edition
    • Indra Vasil
    • English
    Scale-Up and Automation in Plant Propagation reviews methods of automation and scale-up of plant propagation in vitro. It looks at the large scale clonal propagation of plants, or micropropagation, as the first major practical application of plant biotechnology. It also discusses the advantages and limitations of micropropagation and evaluates current methods of commercial micropropagation. Organized into 13 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the benefits of scaling up and automating plant propagation before proceeding with a discussion of synthetic seeds and their use for plant propagation, along with problems and economic considerations associated with synthetic seed technology. It then considers the implementation of somatic embryogenesis technology for clonal forestry, the development and commercialization of bioreactor technology for automated propagation of potato microtubers and lily microbulbs, and approaches to automated propagation of fruit trees. Other chapters focus on issues of cost reduction and development of ""new"" products, scale-up and operation of prototype bioreactors for plant propagation, and application of machine vision technology to scale-up and automated evaluation of somatic embryogenesis in sweet potato. The book also describes methods of measurement and control of the environment in culture, environmental factors affecting photosynthesis, and use of robotics and field transplanters in the automation of plant propagation. Scientists and plant breeders will find this book extremely useful.

  • Biochemistry of Thermophily

    • 1st Edition
    • S. Marvin Friedman
    • English
    Biochemistry of Thermophily covers the proceedings of a seminar held under the auspices of the U.S.-Japan Cooperative Science Program at the East-West Center in Honolulu, Hawaii on June 22-24, 1977. This seminar focuses on biochemistry of thermophilic microorganisms. It presents an achievement in the complex field of thermophiles and their unique properties. This book discusses the fatty acid composition in several strains of moderately and extremely thermophilic bacteria, the membrane and lipid components, the biosynthesis and function of ω-cyclohexyl fatty acids, and the influence of growth temperature and lipid state on lipid and protein distribution. It then presents the ecologic and genetic aspects of thermophilic bacteria, including their morphology, surface structure, and transfection. It also examines the function and thermostability of ribosomal proteins, polypeptides, and polyamines in thermophilic bacteria. Finally, the book discusses the thermostability of proteins, the effect of amino acid substitution on conformational stability of thermophile, the thermophilic enzymes, and the physiology of thermophilic bacteria. This book will be helpful to molecular and research biologists, teachers, and students who wish to expand their understanding on mechanisms of thermophilicity, thermostability, and thermophilic microorganisms.

  • Central Cholinergic Systems and Behaviour

    • 1st Edition
    • F DeFeudis
    • English
    Central Cholinergic Systems and behavior reviews experimental evidence on the possible involvement of central cholinergic systems in the regulation of animal behavior. More specifically, the book investigates the role of acetylcholine as a transmitter in the mammalian spinal cord and in central nervous function. This text also describes cholinergic involvement in some of the more fundamental processes of central nervous functions and how it may fit into overall cholinergic and non-cholinergic behavioral patterns. This book is organized into seven chapters and begins with an overview of the link between central cholinergic mechanisms and behavior, and then discusses the cholinergic roles in consciousness, emphasizing on the roles of reticular systems in the arousal mechanism. An effort is made to define the cholinergic nature of some spinal mechanisms that are apparently involved in reflexes and posture. An account of the role of cholinergic mechanisms in central respiratory control is also given, along with the function of acetylcholine as an important transmitter at many sites of the central nervous system. The book concludes by analyzing the roles of cholinergic systems in motivated behaviors, emotion, learning, and memory. This book is a valuable resource for students and researchers in fields ranging from physiology to biology and psychiatry.

  • The Mycoplasmas V1

    Cell Biology
    • 1st Edition
    • M.F. Barile
    • English
    The Mycoplasmas, Volume I: Cell Biology is a volume of a comprehensive three-volume series encompassing various facets of mycoplasmology, emphasizing outstanding developments made in the field. This volume deals specifically with the cell biology of the mycoplasmas. This book focuses on problems regarding mycoplasma classification, phylogenetics, and relatedness to wall-covered bacteria; their unique molecular biology, energy metabolism, transport mechanisms, antigenic structure, and membrane biochemistry. The characterization, ultrastructure, and molecular biology of the mycoplasmaviruses, as well as the special properties of several groups of mycoplasmas, such as Ureaplasma, Acholeplasma, Thermoplasma, and Anaeroplasma, are also described. This book will serve as a standard reference work for mycoplasmologists, as well as for other interested microbiologists, cellular and molecular biologists, membrane biochemists, clinicians, veterinarians, plant pathologists, and entomologists.

  • Tropical Diseases of Legumes

    • 1st Edition
    • Julio Bird
    • English
    Tropical Diseases of Legumes consists of papers presented at a workshop held at Rio Piedras Agricultural Station, University of Puerto Rico, in June 1974. Legumes are group of plants that provide an important and often sole source of protein in the diet of millions of people. In the growing problem of hunger, there is an immediate need to raise the production of legumes through better knowledge of plant diseases, by ultimate prevention of these diseases, and through improved crop production. Consequently, a workshop is organized and the presented papers, grouped into four parts, are shown in this book. The first two parts describe the rugaceous and mosaic diseases. Bacterial diseases, chemical control, and ecology of pathogens are explained in the third part of this book. The last part explores the origin and improvement of the common bean, as well as its diseases in the tropical Americas. This book aims to provide a stimulating forum for discussion of the findings and observations in tropical legume disease research.

  • Organization and Assembly of Plant and Animal Extracellular Matrix

    • 1st Edition
    • W. Steven Adair
    • English
    Organization and Assembly of Plant and Animal Extracellular Matrix presents a state-of-the-art view of some of the experimental systems in plant and animal matrix biology. It discusses certain principles underlying establishment of complex three-dimensional architecture cross broad evolutionary boundaries. The opening chapter reviews studies on the cellular mechanisms responsible for storage, release, assembly, and function of extracellular matrices during early sea urchin development. The subsequent chapters describe the structure, assembly, disassembly, and molecular biology of the Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cell wall. The chapters also summarize the status of work on basement membrane assembly. Important insights into approaches to identify critical molecular domains and the complexity of relating defined molecular associations to establishment of matrix architecture are provided. A family of discovered cell wall genes that encode protein products containing up to 70% glycine is presented in Chapter 4. This is followed by a discussion on the role of alginate self-assembly in cell wall formation in Fucus. The book goes on to address the issue of protein-carbohydrate recognition with a detailed discussion of plant and animal lectins. Chapter 7 tackles a family of genes encoding higher plant hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) and the relationship between the HRGP genes cloned and their products. The final two chapters are devoted to one of the most important classes of protein modifying enzymes for extracellular matrix formation and function, the prolyl hydroxylases. This book will be of help to workers in plant and animal matrix in understanding information, approaches, and ideas that they may not normally encounter.

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