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Elsevier

Books in Engineering and technology

The Engineering and Technology portfolio includes comprehensive overviews of all major research and practical developments in aerospace and automotive engineering, civil and environmental engineering, mechanical and industrial engineering, materials engineering, electrical engineering, communications engineering, and more. In-depth coverage, innovative state-of-the-art approaches, and real-world case studies provide valuable, actionable insights for researchers, applied engineers and students. The content in Elsevier's Engineering and Technology books program addresses core issues in industry and society, such as sustainability, the circular economy, AI, and automation.

  • Experimental Heat Transfer, Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics 1993

    • 1st Edition
    • M.D. Kelleher + 3 more
    • English
    The papers contained in this volume reflect the ingenuity and originality of experimental work in the areas of fluid mechanics, heat transfer and thermodynamics. The contributors are drawn from 27 countries which indicates how well the worldwide scientific community is networked. The papers cover a broad spectrum from the experimental investigation of complex fundamental physical phenomena to the study of practical devices and applications. A uniform outline and method of presentation has been used for each paper.

  • Machine Vision for Three-Dimensional Scenes

    • 1st Edition
    • Herbert Freeman
    • English
    Machine Vision for Three-Dimensional Scenes contains the proceedings of the workshop "Machine Vision - Acquiring and Interpreting the 3D Scene" sponsored by the Center for Computer Aids for Industrial Productivity (CAIP) at Rutgers University and held in April 1989 in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The papers explore the applications of machine vision in image acquisition and 3D scene interpretation and cover topics such as segmentation of multi-sensor images; the placement of sensors to minimize occlusion; and the use of light striping to obtain range data. Comprised of 14 chapters, this book opens with a discussion on 3D object recognition and the problems that arise when dealing with large object databases, along with solutions to these problems. The reader is then introduced to the free-form surface matching problem and object recognition by constrained search. The following chapters address the problem of machine vision inspection, paying particular attention to the use of eye tracking to train a vision system; images of 3D scenes and the attendant problems of image understanding; the problem of object motion; and real-time range mapping. The final chapter assesses the relationship between the developing machine vision technology and the marketplace. This monograph will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of computer science and applied mathematics.

  • Machine Vision for Inspection and Measurement

    • 1st Edition
    • Herbert Freeman
    • English
    Machine Vision for Inspection and Measurement contains the proceedings of the Second Annual Workshop on Machine Vision sponsored by the Center for Computer Aids for Industrial Productivity (CAIP) at Rutgers University and held on April 25-26, 1988 in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The papers explore the application of machine vision to inspection and measurement and cover topics such as the problem of object-pose estimation and depth recovery through inverse optics. The use of machine vision techniques in inspection of integrated circuits and semiconductor wafers is also discussed. Comprised of 11 chapters, this book opens with the problem of using fine-grained parallel machines for VLSI inspection. The discussion then turns to a variety of real-life applications of machine vision, including inspection of integrated circuits, semiconductor wafers, TV-tube glass, and mechanical parts. The use of machine vision to measure the curvature of the human cornea for vision correction and contact lens fitting purposes is also considered. The remaining chapters focus on motion estimation from stereo sequences using orthographic-view algorithms; photometric sampling for determining surface shape and reflectance; and efficient depth recovery by means of inverse optics. A chapter addresses the question of whether the industry is ready for machine vision and comes up with some optimistic predictions. This monograph will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of computer science and applied mathematics.

  • Alloy And Microstructural Design

    • 1st Edition
    • John Tien
    • English
    Alloy and Microstructural Design serves as a guide in translating theory into design and practice and provides text for an applications courses in physical and mechanical metallurgy. Coverage of the book includes a short history and introduction to metals and alloys; high-strength nonferrous alloys; and methods in strengthening metals for commercial use and high temperatures. The text also discusses the composite strengthening; the properties of composites; creep and stress rupture resistance and other factors related to them; fracture toughness; and mechanical equations of state. The book also covers the resistance of metals and alloys against fatigue, aqueous, stress, and hot corrosion, as well as in oxidation and hydrogen embrittlement. The monograph is recommended for practicing engineers in the field of metallurgy who need an easily understood guide with concise text and tables of handy information. The book will also serve as a good learning material for engineering undergraduates who are studying the strength of materials.

  • Synthetic Membrane Process

    Fundamentals and Water Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Georges Belfort
    • English
    Synthetic Membrane Processes: Fundamentals and Water Applications presents a summary of some of the theoretical developments in membrane and fluid transport. The book reviews water and wastewater hyperfiltration, ultrafiltration, and electrodialysis, as well as the economics of these processes. The text approaches the topics from the standpoint of chemical engineering. It provides a description of procedures for maintaining reasonable fluxes with a balanced pretreatment, cleaning, and fluid management program. The different structures of water and aqueous systems, hyperfiltration membranes, and the polarization phenomena in membrane processes are also discussed. The text provides concrete examples of the desalting experience and water and wastewater treatment in the United States, Europe, and Japan. The book targets those in the water and wastewater field and is also generally useful for teaching and for anyone interested in adapting membrane technology to separation or concentration applications.

  • Advanced Materials '93

    Ceramics, Powders, Corrosion and Advanced Processing
    • 1st Edition
    • Shigeyuki Somiya
    • English
    Ceramics, Powders, Corrosion and Advanced Processing covers the proceedings of the Third International Union of Materials Research Societies (IUMRS) International Conference on Advanced Materials (ICAM), held in Sunshine City, Ikebukuro, Tokyo, Japan from August 31 to September 4, 1993. The said conference discusses the procedures for advanced materials. The book is divided into four parts. Part 1 includes topics such as preparation of powders from different compounds and substances and the application of different methods and techniques. Part 2 talks about high temperature oxidations and corrosions; degradation resistance of thermal barrier coatings; the environmental effects on corrosion behavior of stainless steel; effect of gas composition and pressure on high temperature corrosion; and other related concepts. Part 3 includes topics such as fatigue-crack behavior; the factors that lead to it; fracture resistance and how it is increased; and the application of ceramics to heat-resistant engines and turbines. Part 4 covers the advanced processing of ceramics, and Part 5 deals with the fabrication of silicon-based ceramics. The text is highly recommended for chemists and engineers in the field of ceramics who would like to know more about the advances in its studies and research.

  • Biopolymers

    • 1st Edition
    • Alen Walton
    • English
    Biopolymers deals with the methods of physical characterization and the principles underlying them, with emphasis on quantitative aspects of sequence, conformation, and structure in both laboratory-synthesiz... and native biopolymers. The book reviews structural units of biopolymers and describes characterization of biopolymers, the available techniques, the evaluation of underlying principles, and experimental applications. Some of these methods include Raman spectroscopy, theoretical conformation analysis, electron microscopy, and morphology of laboratory-synthesiz... polymers. The text explains the factors controlling conformation of polypeptides, the steric maps of dipeptides, potential energy maps, and the calculation of tertiary polypeptide structure. The investigator can use X-ray diffraction to determine the structure of polymers and macromolecules, such as diffraction by a crystal, by poorly crystalline polymer systems, or by a helical chain. The book notes that materials that can be crystallized from strong solvents reveal morphology similar to that of commercial polymers, which are different from that of polypeptides or proteins in native tissue. The text explains the basis of infrared and Raman spectroscopy in probing molecular structure and conformation of biological macromolecules. The investigator can also employ nuclear magnetic resonance and dielectric relaxation for conformation in physical organic chemistry, outside of biological macromolecule applications. The book can prove helpful for researchers in ultra-trace analysis, polymer research, and analytical chemistry.

  • Radar Target Detection

    Handbook of Theory and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel Meyers
    • English
    Radar Target Detection: Handbook of Theory and Practice covers a set of graphical solutions to the detection problem, designated as Meyer Plots, for radar systems design. A radar system's major purpose is the detection and location of an object by means of a return signal, which could be either a reflection or a beacon. This book is composed of four chapters. Chapter 1 presents the basic radar range equation, which is the basic relationship which permits the calculation of echo signal strength from measurable or known parameters of the radar transmitter, antenna, propagation path, and target. Chapter 2 provides examples for determining statistical signal detection using Meyer Plots, particularly for determining detection probability and integration loss and efficiency. Chapter 3 describes the application of target models to determination of detection probability. Chapter 4 examines how Meyer Plots can be used to solve problems involving most any target model.

  • Non-Destructive Testing

    • 1st Edition
    • J. Boogaard + 1 more
    • English
    Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) is an activity closely related to the quality and reliability of products, and to the reliable and safe operation of industrial plants. Physical measuring techniques are used to examine parts of constructional assemblies for hidden imperfections and defects. A wide choice of measuring techniques is available to meet the demand of examining a wide variety of materials such as metals, plastics, rocks, as well as different structures and sizes ranging from semiconductor chips to nuclear reactors and off-shore oil platforms.Activities in the field of NDT encompass: Fundamental research to understand and describe the way in which reactions of certain imperfections to a physical measuring technique can be optimized and used to assess type and grade of imperfection; Methods to characterize materials and materials properties; Applications in product quality control; Applications in plant inspection to ensure a reliable operation of components, avoiding damage to both man and environment, as well as financial losses; Personnel education and qualification schemes; The spread of NDT applications to newly industrialized countries.The two proceedings volumes contain over 400 review and specialist papers. The most recent developments in the field of NDT are presented with contributions by outstanding experts from all over the world. Papers are grouped according to technique for those dealing with fundamental research and to field of application for the more practical oriented ones. In this way each chapter provides an easy overview of related current research. Extensive keyword indexes have been included to facilitate the retrieval of information according to individual requirements.The high technical level of the papers and their up-to-date content will make them an indispensable source of information for students, researchers and professionals in the areas covered.

  • Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design

    Volume I: Design Representation and Models of Routine Design
    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    Artificial Intelligence in Engineering Design is a three-volume edited collection of key papers from the field of AI and design, aimed at providing a state-of-the art description of the field, and focusing on how ideas and methods from artificial intelligence can help engineers in the design of physical artifacts and processes. The books survey a wide variety of applications in the areas of civil, chemical, electrical, computer, VLSI, and mechanical engineering.

  • Information Linkage between Applied Mathematics and Industry

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Wang
    • English
    Information Linkage Between Applied Mathematics and Industry is a collection of papers dealing with mathematics in engineering context and applications. One paper describes Chernoff faces as a technique of representing multidimensional data and compares the technique with Andrews' sine curves and Anderson's metroglyphys. Another paper investigates practical problems that can arise during implementation of the methods of parameter optimization, using as an example the trajectory of the space shuttle from liftoff to insertion into orbit. One paper analyzes Soviet foreign policy using a graphical representation of k-dimensional data as a statistical tool, written specifically for analysts in foreign policy and international relations. During the period 1964-1975, Soviet foreign policy is active in 25 Sub-Saharan African countries. Another paper discusses ballistics modeling in real time and recommends that investigators be familiar with the computer language to be used, the type of system to be applied, the type of weapon to be modeled, the accuracy required, and other existing ballistic programs. Other papers discuss probabilistic dynamic programming for fault isolation and applied mathematics, as well as engineering in the transport of Antarctic ice resources. The collection can prove valuable to mathematicians, engineers, or designers of industrial processes, computers, aviation, and space technology.

  • Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • Edith Turi
    • English
    Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials is a critical review and a concise evaluation of the application of thermal analysis in polymer science and engineering. This book is divided into nine chapters that specifically tackle the instrumentation, theory, and a wide variety of applications of thermal characterization. The introductory chapters provide an overview of all aspects of thermal analytical methods and apparatus and the theory underlying the basic principles of thermal analysis. These chapters also examine the theories and functions of state for thermometry, dilatometry, thermomechanical analysis, calorimetry, thermogravimetry. These topics are followed by a discussion on single-component and multicomponent systems and their phase transitions, as influenced by concentration, pressure, deformation, molecular weight, and copolymerization. The subsequent chapters explore the influence of important chemical and physical parameters on the glass transition, crystallization, and melting of thermoplastic materials. The discussion then shifts to the theoretical aspects of polymer-polymer compatibility, phase separation, and miscibility in mixed polymer systems. This book further considers the thermal analysis in thermosets, elastomers, and fibers. The concluding chapters present the methods of obtaining information on the relative flammability properties of polymers, for screening fire retardant additives, and for studying the mechanism of flame inhibition. These chapters also look into the thermal analysis of antioxidants, stabilizers, lubricants, plasticizers, impact modifiers, and fire retardants. Polymer scientists and researchers will find this book invaluable.

  • Robotics, Mechatronics and Manufacturing Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • T. Takamori + 1 more
    • English
    One of the most important problems in the field of engineering and technology is the development of so-called intelligent systems, which can perform various intellectual tasks.This book is dedicated to the current progress of research in this vast field and specifically explores the topics of robotics, mechatronics and manufacturing systems.

  • Principles of Desalination (Part B)

    • 1st Edition
    • K.S. Spiegler
    • English
    Principles of Desalination, Second Edition, Part B focuses on the processes that remove salt and other minerals from saline water. This book consists of five chapters. Chapter 7 focuses on the conversion of saline water to fresh water by freezing, while Chapter 8 describes “hyperfiltration”, which is the separation of salts and other low- molecular-weight solutes from solvent by passage under pressure through a selective membrane. The processes, equipment, control devices, and chemical products involved in ultrapure water are outlined in Chapter 9. Chapter 10 covers the mineral-scale problem, chemistry of alkaline scaling, physical factors in scale deposition, and techniques for scale abatement and control. The conversion of radiant energy into forms useful for desalination is elaborated in the last chapter. This publication is a good source for students and researchers conducting work on the principles of desalination.

  • Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Experiments - 3

    • 1st Edition
    • G. Bergeles + 1 more
    • English
    This book presents and discussses new developments in the area of turbulence modelling and measurements, with particular emphasis on engineering-related problems. At present, turbulence is one of the key issues in tackling engineering flow problems. Powerful computers and numerical methods are now available for solving the flow equations, but the simulation of turbulence effects which are nearly always important in practice, is still in an unsatisfactory state and introduces considerable uncertainities in the accuracy of CFD calculations. These and other aspects of turbulence modelling and measurements are dealt with in detail by experts in the field. The resulting book is an up-to-date review of the most recent research in this exciting area.

  • Planning for Groundwater Protection

    • 1st Edition
    • G. William Page
    • English
    Planning for Groundwater Protection focuses on toxic substances contamination problems of groundwater in the United States and other industrially developed countries. This book discusses the potential health risks of toxic substances caused by contamination of groundwater. Organized into 14 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the method in which pollutants enter the groundwater system and the natural defense mechanisms operative in the subsurface. This text then proceeds with a discussion of the groundwater monitoring activities that are necessary for groundwater planning and protection, which includes protecting groundwater from pollution and protecting groundwater supplies from overdraft. Other chapters consider the laws and institutions that are established to protect groundwater from contamination, including the Safe Drinking Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) laws implemented by the Environmental Protection Agency. This book is a valuable resource for sanitarians, environmentalists, chemical engineers, and urban planners.

  • VLSI Handbook

    • 1st Edition
    • Norman Einspruch
    • English
    VLSI Handbook is a reference guide on very large scale integration (VLSI) microelectronics and its aspects such as circuits, fabrication, and systems applications. This handbook readily answers specific questions and presents a systematic compilation of information regarding the VLSI technology. There are a total of 52 chapters in this book and are grouped according to the fields of design, materials and processes, and examples of specific system applications. Some of the chapters under fields of design are design automation for integrated circuits and computer tools for integrated circuit design. For the materials and processes, there are many chapters that discuss this aspect. Some of them are manufacturing process technology for metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) VLSI; MOS VLSI circuit technology; and facilities for VLSI circuit fabrication. Other concepts and materials discussed in the book are the use of silicon material in different processes of VLSI, nitrides, silicides, metallization, and plasma. This handbook is very useful to students of engineering and physics. Also, researchers (in physics and chemistry of materials and processes), device designers, and system designers can also benefit from this book.

  • Innovations in Telecommunications Part B

    • 1st Edition
    • Jamal Manassah
    • English
    Innovations in Telecommunications, Part B covers the proceedings of the 1981 International Symposium Series on “Innovations in Telecommunications”, held in Kuwait, sponsored by the Kuwait Foundation for the Advancement of Science. This symposium aims to explore the advances in research, development, demonstration, design, manufacture, field testing, and application in telecommunication. This book is organized into two parts encompassing 13 chapters that focus on satellite communication and its applications. Following a brief historical introduction, Part I deals first with the fundamental principles of information transmission through satellite, emphasizing the role of the basic parameters entering into the satellite up- and down-link budgets. These topics are followed by discussions on the development of satellite systems for international, domestic, and maritime communications. This part also describes the technology of satellite TV broadcasting systems, both ground and space, as well as the development of communication satellite earth stations. Part II surveys the technologies in computer networks, application development, and system programs that are converging to form national and international networks. This part also highlights the development of electronic mail systems and principal modes and techniques in teleconferencing. Telecommunications engineers and researchers will find this book rewarding.

  • Interpretation of Metallographic Structures

    • 2nd Edition
    • James Dvorak
    • English
    Interpretation of Metallographic Structures, Second Edition describes the features of metallographic structures using an optical reflection microscope. This book is divided into six chapters and starts with an examination of the polycrystalline structures, subgrain boundaries, and an overview of cold and hot working, as well as recrystallization and grain growth. The next chapter explores the metallography of fracture, which involves visual inspection, low-power stereoptic light microscopy, polished-section light-reflection microscopy, and the scanning electron microscope. This topic is followed by discussions of the different types of crystallizations, the mechanism of solid-state transformation, and the diffusion and other transport processes. The last chapter involves the measurement aspects in metallography, including measurement of grain and particles sizes, as well as their distribution. This book is intended primarily to metallurgists and researchers.

  • Aerosol Technology In Hazard Evaluation

    • 1st Edition
    • Thomas Mercer
    • English
    Aerosol Technology in Hazard Evaluation is the fifth in the series of books on the subject of aerosol technology. This series is organized into nine chapters that cover the properties, sampling, and respirable activity of aerosol. After briefly describing the nature of an inhalation hazard, the book examines the properties, measurement, and significance of geometric diameters of aerosols, as well as the shape factors relating them to various particulate properties. The mathematical description of size distributions and the statistics of sampling from a lognormal distribution of particle sizes are provided. Considerable chapters deal with the methods of aerosol concentration measurement and geometric and aerodynamic size sampling. Operating characteristics of respirable aerosol activity samplers and their limitations are also examined. The concluding chapter discusses problems in the production, flow measurement, apparatus calibration, and isokinetic sampling of aerosols. This series will provide a convenient source of information to those concerned in industrial hygiene and will stimulate the interest of those involved in all phases of environmental health.

  • Fuels and Energy From Renewable Resources

    • 1st Edition
    • David A. Tillman
    • English
    Fuels and Energy from Renewable Resources is a result of the proceedings of a symposium of the same name, held at the 1977 Fall Meeting of the American Chemical Society. The book addresses the issue of energy planning and includes the incorporation of crop and conifer residues into the development of energy supply. The text covers the different papers from multiple disciplines that discuss the full value of other resources. The papers also talk about the necessary amount of energy needed; the contribution of renewable resources; the possible uses of wood as an energy source and the competition that may arise from it; and the analysis of the usefulness of forest fuels. The pyrolysis-gasificati... process on wood; the logistics of energy resources; and other renewable resources, such as bagasse, manure, and waste, are also discussed. The book is recommended for experts who are exploring resources for alternative and renewable energy and aiming to educate others about it.

  • Logic IC Master Reference

    • 1st Edition
    • David Heiserman
    • English
    Logic IC Master Reference summarizes the identification codes, functions, pinouts, and package styles for a broad range of digital IC devices. The main body of this book is divided into three sections: Section I - 54/7400 TTL and CMOS devices; Section II - 4000-series CMOS devices; Section III - ECL devices. The selections regarding functions are generally limited to small- and medium-scale devices, logic functions, buffers, decoders, multiplexers, counters, and shift registers. A few large-scale digital devices and devices provided by two or more major IC manufacturers are included. The two indexes are organized by device identification code and by device function. This reference text will prove useful to digital design engineers and technicians.

  • Renewable Energy, Technology and the Environment

    • 3rd Edition
    • A. A. M. Sayigh
    • English
    Renewable Energy: Technology and the Environment comprises 106 chapters, with the first focusing on integrated resource planning. The following chapters delve into such topics as electricity from geothermal energy; wave energy prospects and prototypes; renewable energy policies for the nineties and beyond; and renewable energy technologies in developing countries. These topics are followed by discussions on harnessing the tax system to benefit alternative energy; energy-meteorology; development energy and environment; solar energy education; solar hydrogen; sky brightness during twilight; and solar instrumentation used in meteorology. Other chapters cover self-acting system tracking for pyrheliometers; directly coupled turbine-induction generator systems for low-cost micro-hydro power; and the utilization of genetic algorithm for the optimal design of a pneumatic hydro-power device. The remaining chapters present field experiments of a wave power converter with caisson breakwater; technical potentials of renewable energies; and air pollution modification due to energy supply diversification. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of meteorology and environmental studies.

  • ISDN Design

    A Practical Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • Steve Jardwick
    • English
    ISDN Design: A Practical Approach is an easy-to-understand reference for ISDN and covers topics relating to both theoretical and practical issues concerning ISDN design, including the ISDN terminal and the ISDN exchange. Software programs for ISDN applications are considered, and many design examples are given throughout the text. This book is comprised of nine chapters and begins with a brief discussion of the need for ISDN technology, both from the point of view of telephone design and from the perspective of PBX design. A refresher of basic concepts needed to understand the subject follows. This includes topics ranging from the theoretical side of data transmission to the requirements of ISDN circuit layout. After this foundation is laid, an overview of the relevant international and national standards that exist in the ISDN telephone world is given. Subsequent chapters deal with ISDN terminal equipment design; the primary access side of the network; software issues raised by ISDN, with emphasis on the effects on system and hardware design; and testing of ISDN designs. The final chapter brings together all of the salient issues facing the ISDN designer and describes an actual ISDN design. This monograph will be a useful resource for both newcomers in design engineering and experienced design engineers.

  • Machine Vision

    Algorithms, Architectures, and Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • Herbert Freeman
    • English
    Machine Vision: Algorithms, Architectures, and Systems contains the proceedings of the workshop ""Machine Vision: Where Are We and Where Are We Going?"" sponsored by the Center for Computer Aids for Industrial Productivity (CAIP) at Rutgers University and held in April 1987 in New Brunswick, New Jersey. The papers review the state of the art of machine vision and sets directions for future research. Topics covered include ""smart sensing"" in machine vision, computer architectures for machine vision, and range image segmentation. Comprised of 14 chapters, this book opens with an overview of ""smart sensing"" strategies in machine vision and illustrates how smart sensing may fit into a general purpose vision system by implementing a flexible, modular system called Pipeline Pyramid Machine. The discussion then turns to a hierarchy of local autonomy for processor arrays, focusing on the progression from pure SIMD to complete MIMD as well as the hardware penalties that arise when autonomy is increased. The following chapters explore schemes for integrating vision modules on fine-grained machines; computer architectures for real-time machine vision systems; the application of machine vision to industrial inspection; and characteristics of technologies and social processes that are inhibiting the development and/or evolution of machine vision. Machine vision research at General Motors is also considered. The final chapter assesses future prospects for machine vision and highlights directions for research. This monograph will be a useful resource for practitioners in the fields of computer science and applied mathematics.

  • CO2 Lasers Effects and Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • W Duley
    • English
    CO2 Lasers: Effects and Applications examines and summarizes the important applications of the device in different areas of study like physics, chemistry, and engineering. In some parts of the book, the reader is assumed to be knowledgeable in university level mathematics or some specialized area in physics or chemistry. The book consists of 10 chapters where the first two establish the general concepts on lasers and CO2 lasers, respectively. Chapter 3 takes the reader further and presents a comprehensive review of optical components for use such as detectors, windows, and mirrors. Because the CO2 laser is mostly used as a heat source, the theory of laser-surface heating is relevant in the discussion. This theory is presented in Chapter 4. Chapters 5 and 6 meanwhile present a summary of observations on cutting, welding, and some related topics. The following chapters discuss the different applications of CO2 lasers in different areas and processes. Some of these applications include in the generation of thermal effect, laser deposition of thin films, spectroscopy, laser photochemistry, and meteorology and communication systems. The text is a good source of reference to both students and scientists in the areas of physics, chemistry, and engineering.

  • The Rewiring of America The Fiber Optics Revolution

    • 1st Edition
    • C Chaffee
    • English
    The Rewiring of America: The Fiber Optics Revolution provides a comprehensive discussion on the progression of fiber optics technology in America. The book discusses several issues concerning the introduction of fiber optics, such as its history, the initial reaction of the public, applications, and possible future of the technology. The text first tackles the essential issues, specifically the history of fiber optics such as its birth, introduction to the public, popular opinions, and the challenges of its implementation. The book explains how several telecommunication corporations use such technology to its full potential to improve their services. Other industries such as computing and the military, which were exploring fiber optics, are also discussed along with applications to different fields, such as medicine, entertainment, transportation, and space exploration. The text also discusses the future of fiber optics, especially the role it will play in American society. The book will be of great use to any readers who are interested in information technology, communication engineering, and similar fields, especially those who are interested in American technology.

  • Holographic Nondestructive Testing

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Erf
    • English
    Holographic Nondestructive Testing presents a unified discussion of the principles and methods of holography and its application holographic nondestructive testing. The book discusses in detail the basic theoretical concepts, the experimental methods for recording holograms, and different specialized holographic techniques. Several kinds of holography are discussed in the beginning chapters such as continuous-wave holography, pulsed holography, and interferometric holography. Other topics covered in the book are holographic surface contouring, holographic correlation, and holographic vibration analysis. Microwave and acoustical holography are the major areas of interest in Chapters 9 and 10. The text serves as an important reference to both engineers and optical scientists.

  • Biosynthesis and biodegradation of wood components

    • 1st Edition
    • Takayoshi Higuchi
    • English
    Biosynthesis and Biodegradation of Wood Components is a comprehensive account of the biosynthesis and biodegradation of wood and wood components. Topics covered range from the localization of polysaccharides and lignins in wood cell walls to the metabolism and synthetic function of cambial tissue, along with the function of cell organelles in the biosynthesis of cell wall components. The biosynthesis of plant cell wall polysaccharides is also discussed. This book is comprised of 22 chapters and begins with an overview of the structure of wood, with emphasis on three aspects of sections of wood: the cross or transverse section, the tangential section, and the radial section or face. The following chapters deal with the structure and chemistry of the major components of wood cell walls; the metabolism and synthetic function of cambial tissue; the function of organelles involved in biosynthesis; and the biosynthesis both of the major cell wall components of wood (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignins) and of wood extractives. The microbial degradation of cell wall components and aromatic extractives of wood is also considered, together with the microorganisms involved in lignin biodegradation as well as the physiology and biochemistry of degradation by white-rot fungi. This monograph will be of interest to biochemists as well as students and researchers in biochemistry.

  • Controlled Release of Bioactive Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard Baker
    • English
    Controlled Release of Bioactive Materials is a collection papers that deal with the study of controlled release applications in drugs and other pharmacological products and processes. The text covers topics such as the theory and practice of controlled drug delivery from bioerodible polymers, biodegradable drug delivery systems from aliphatic polyesters, and the applications of osmotic drug delivery. Also covered are topics such as the application of polymers for the sustained release of macromolecules, controlled transdermal delivery, and the use of hydrogel devices for the controlled release of steroid hormones. The book is recommended for pharmacologists and doctors who would like to know more about advancements in the field of controlled release applications and its uses in healthcare, especially in pharmacology.

  • Metallurgical Applications of Bacterial Leaching and Related Microbiological Phenomena

    • 1st Edition
    • Lawrence Murr
    • English
    Metallurgical Applications of Bacterial Leaching and Related Microbiological Phenomena is a collection of papers presented at the International Symposium on Metallurgical Applications of Bacterial Leaching and Related Microbiological Phenomena, held in New Mexico Institute of Mining & Technology, Socorro, New Mexico on August 3-5, 1977. This book is organized into three sections encompassing 26 chapters. Section I emphasizes the role of microorganisms in the kinetics of leaching and similar metallurgical processes by stimulating a strong interaction between microbiologists and metallurgists. This section also discusses the basic study of microorganisms, in the strictly microbiological aspects of metal extraction and attendant conversion kinetics, and in the practical, engineering aspects of extraction. Section II deals with the microbiological leaching of waste materials, such as fly ash, slags, and jarosite-type leach residues. This section also describes a microbiological process for the recovery of sulfur in its elemental form from sulfate and sulfuric acid-containing aqueous wastes that are to be released in the environment. A microbiological leaching process for the removal of inorganic sulfur contained in coal is also described in this section. Considerable chapters in Section III are devoted to the specific applications of bacterial leaching, the optimization of the leaching conditions, and process optimization based upon economic considerations. This section also examines the advantages of large-scale testing compared with laboratory-testing. Workers in the fields of microbiology, biophysics, biochemistry, mineral processing and preparation, extractive and/or chemical metallurgy, mining engineering, and many related disciplines, including chemical and bioengineering, will find this book invaluable.

  • Automated Stream Analysis for Process Control V2

    • 1st Edition
    • Dan Manka
    • English
    Automated Stream Analysis for Process Control, Volume 2 focuses on the various approaches to choosing the sample preparation, sample point, sample transport, and analyzer that are best suited for the components in a specific process stream. This book discusses the engineering approach to the design of a process-control system as well as the interfacing of the analytical results with computers to apprise the operator of the progress of the stream operation. Comprised of eight chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the calibration methods and explains its advantages and disadvantages. This book then discusses the techniques that may enhance the accuracy of the calibration procedure. Other chapters provide an in-depth discussion of the chemical reactions and scope of analytical procedures utilized in the brewing of a popular beer. This text discusses as well how every process can be made more profitable by implementing continuous analytical procedures to monitor the different reactions occurring in the process. Chemists, chemical engineers, analytical chemists, as well as laboratory and plant managers will find this book extremely useful.

  • Materials Science in Energy Technology

    • 1st Edition
    • G Libowitz
    • English
    Materials Science in Energy Technology presents the fundamental properties of materials that are essential to a particular energy application. This book discusses the areas of research required for the development of other materials for that application. Organized into 10 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the methods of producing energy, which are arranged in approximate chronological order as to when the methods were or will be first utilized. This text then reviews the wide scope of materials associated with nuclear fission technology. Other chapters consider the major materials requirements and problems for ceramics in magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) power generators. This book discusses as well the three processes that are involved in the photovoltaic effect, including light absorption, charge separation in the photovoltaic cell, and migration of charge carriers. The final chapter deals with the physical properties of superconductors. This book is a valuable resource for materials scientists, metallurgists, physicists, and chemists.

  • Measuring the Benefits of Water Pollution Abatement

    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel Feenberg
    • English
    Measuring the Benefits of Water Pollution Abatement shows the aspects of benefit calculations in the context of water pollution control. The main purpose of this book is to show what kinds of data are needed or valuable in adequate benefit estimates, how to use the data, and how to improvise in their absence. Topics covered include the basic theory of welfare economics and cost-benefit analysis; practical techniques on how to estimate benefits of water pollution abatement; and empirical studies that illustrate the estimation techniques with real data. Environmentalists, economists, project managers, and project engineers will find the text interesting and informative.

  • Solar Materials Science

    • 1st Edition
    • Lawrence Murr
    • English
    Solar Materials Science is a collection of lecture series on solar and other related energy technologies, sponsored by the New Mexico Joint Center for Materials Science. This book is divided into three sections encompassing 21 chapters that discuss the basic concepts of materials science, their utilization in solar technology, and examples of this utilization and the technology. The introductory chapters present an overview of the solar materials science and technology. Section I describes the optical properties, microstructure, and materials used in solar collectors and mirrors. This section also examines metals emissivity, spectral selectivity of composite for absorbers, and corrosion of solar thermal energy materials. Section II deals with the application of thermodynamic principles and reversible chemical reactions to solar storage systems. This section also considers the materials problems encountered during the development of thermochemical concepts and schemes. Section III focuses on the principles, materials used, and encountered problems in the development of photovoltaic systems. The optimization of solar conversion devices is also covered in this section. Undergraduate and graduate students in metallurgy, metallurgical and materials engineering, materials science, electrical and mechanical engineering, engineering science, and solid-state physics and chemistry will greatly benefit from this book.

  • Applied superconductivity

    • 1st Edition
    • Vernon Newhouse
    • English
    Applied Superconductivity, Volume 1 serves as a reference material to existing superconductivity techniques and a guide to future research. This book deals with electronic application, as well as radiation detection in superconducting films. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of superconductivity, particularly the superconducting elements that exhibit an intrinsic quantum electronic behavior. This book then discusses the critical values of the parameters of all superconductive materials, which include the magnetic field, current density, and temperature. Other chapters examine the dynamic and static characteristics of several bolometers. This text also compares the sensitivity of the nonthermal current mode with other wavelength detectors. The final chapter explores the practical thermodynamics of refrigeration and low-temperature refrigeration techniques. This book is intended for those seeking to enrich their background in the physics of superconductivity. Students and researchers in any branch of physics and engineering will find this book extremely useful.

  • Polycrystalline And Amorphous Thin Films And Devices

    • 1st Edition
    • Lawrence Kazmerski
    • English
    Polycrystalline and Amorphous Thin Films and Devices is a compilation of papers that discusses the electronic, optical, and physical properties of thin material layers and films. This compilation reviews the different applications of thin films of various materials used as protective and optical coatings, thermal transfer layers, and selective membranes from submicron- area VLSI memory units to large-area energy conservation devices. Some papers discuss the basic properties, such as growth, structure, electrical, and optical mechanisms that are encountered in amorphous and polycrystalline thin semiconductor films. For example, experiments on electronic structure of dislocations have led to a model for the intrinsic properties of grain boundaries in polycrystalline semiconductor thin films that can have an impact on the designs of high-efficiency, thin-film solar cells. Other papers review the problems encountered in these thin layers in active semiconductor devices and passive technologies. Techniques in film growth and control variables of source, substrate temperature, and substrate properties will determine the successful performance of the devices installed with these thin film layers. This compilation can prove valuable for chemists, materials engineers, industrial technologists, and researchers in thin-film technology.

  • Optical Signal Processing

    • 1st Edition
    • Joseph Horner
    • English
    Optical Signal Processing is a collection of synopses of the works of many experts in the different fields of optical signal processing. The book also includes systems or algorithms that have been successfully tried and used. The monograph is divided into seven parts. Part I discusses color image processing and white-light Fourier transformations, while Part II covers topics related to pattern recognition such as optical feature extraction and unconventional correlators. Part III deals with temporal signal processing and its related optical architectures, acoustooptic synthetic aperture radar processors, and acoustooptic signal processors. Part IV tackles nonlinear optical processors and waveguide devices. Part V discusses optical and tomographic transformation. Part VI deals with optical numeric processing, optical linear algebra processors, and related algorithm and software. Part VII talks about devices and components and their applications such as fiber-optic delay-line signal processors and spatial light modulators. The text is recommended for engineers and scientists in the field of optical signal processing, especially those who would like to know more of its advancements.

  • Phase Diagrams 6-IV

    Materials Science and Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • Allen Alper
    • English
    Refractory Materials: A Series of Monographs Volume IV is a collection of works from different scientists who have made important discoveries in fields related to chemistry. The text covers topics such as chemical vapor deposition – its general aspects, selection of reactions, and parameters; solid-gas phase diagrams and open-tube processes; and the experimental resolution of solid-vapor equilibria. Also covered are topics such as phase behavior and related properties of rare-earth borides, crystal chemistry, the use of phase diagrams in the research and development of phosphor materials, and phase equilibria in magnetic oxide materials. The book is recommended for chemists and materials scientists who would like to know more about the studies of other experts in the field and their applications.

  • Design Automation

    Automated Full-Custom VLSI Layout Using the ULYSSES Design Environment
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Bushnell
    • English
    Design Automation: Automated Full-Custom VLSI Layout Using the ULYSSES Design Environment deals with the use of the Ulysses design environment for an automated full-custom VLSI layout. Topics covered include VLSI chip design and design process, control mechanisms in Ulysses, and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in design environments. An example design task is also presented. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with an overview of VLSI computer-aided design (CAD), focusing on an expert system based design environment aimed at solving the CAD tool integration problem. An example CAD tool suite for such an environment is presented. The next chapter describes prior attempts at developing an integrated design environment, followed by a discussion on the computer-aided VLSI design process that motivated the development of the Ulysses design environment. The following chapters explore the use of AI techniques within Ulysses; the fundamental architecture of Ulysses; and the control mechanisms that govern the decision to execute various CAD tools, on particular files, within Ulysses. The implementation of Ulysses is also discussed. The final chapter demonstrates the feasibility of a knowledge-based design environment for VLSI chip design applications; the success of Ulysses at further automating the VLSI design process; and the usability of Ulysses as a VLSI design environment. This monograph will be a valuable resource for systems designers and other practitioners in computer science and computer engineering.

  • Transport Models/Inland & Coastal Waters

    Proceedings of a Symposium on Predictive Ability
    • 1st Edition
    • Hugo B. Fischer
    • English
    Professors and Students in Civil Engineering.

  • Municipal Wastewater In Agriculture

    • 1st Edition
    • Frank D'itri
    • English
    Municipal Wastewater in Agriculture covers the proceedings of the 1980 International Conference on the Status of Knowledge, Critical Research Needs, and Potential Research Facilities Relating to the Cooperative Research Needs for Renovation and Reuse of Municipal Wastewater in Agriculture, held in Cocoyoc, Morelos, Mexico. Primary participated by Mexico and United States, both have large area with water shortages, the conference focuses on renovation and reuse of wastewater by agricultural irrigation, along with construction designs, operational guidelines, and data for these systems. Organized into six parts encompassing 20 chapters, the book covers the nature, distribution, and fate of viruses, bacteria, and pathogenic organisms, as well as organic and inorganic contamination of municipal water systems. Parts I and II tackle the administrative and legal aspects of wastewater renovation and reuse and reuse alternatives for municipal wastewater. Parts III and V discuss the efforts of Mexico and United States in land treatment and in water quality system, along with design and cost criteria for land treatment systems. Part IV examines pathogen and heavy metal contaminants in municipal wastewater. Finally, research needs related to municipal wastewater renovation and reuse in arid and semiarid areas and in domestic wastewater are discussed in the concluding section. The book aims to assist in the assessment of land treatment system capacity for wastewater renovation for various types of reuse.

  • Dynamics of Snow and Ice Masses

    • 1st Edition
    • Samuel C. Colbeck
    • English
    Dynamics of Snow and Ice Masses gives an outline of snow and ice studies with an emphasis on essential properties and processes. The monograph also treats the dynamical aspects of snow and ice masses. The text covers topics such as the flow and temperature of ice sheets and shelves, the numerical modeling of ice-sheet changes; the structure of glaciers, the experimental creep behavior of ice, flow law of glacier ice, and advance and retreat of glaciers. Also covered are topics such as sea ice - the physics of its growth, drift, and decay; iceberg deterioration, sources, drift, and drift patterns; and freshwater ice growth, motion, and decay. The book is recommended as a textbook for graduate-level students of snow and ice studies and as reference for climatologists.

  • Design Optimization

    • 1st Edition
    • John Gero
    • English
    Design Optimization deals with the application of the ideas of optimization to design, taking as its central theme the notion that design can be treated as a goal-seeking, decision-making activity. Emphasis is on design optimization rather than on optimization techniques. This book consists of nine chapters, each focusing on a particular class of design optimization and demonstrating how design optimization problems are formulated and solved. The applications range from architecture and structural engineering to mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, building design and layout, and siting policy. The first five chapters are all concerned with design problems where it is convenient to express the goals in a single objective or criterion to be optimized. In particular, optimal space planning and shape optimization of structures are discussed, along with approximation concepts for optimum structural design; application of nonlinear programming to design; and generalized Steiner network problems in engineering design. The last four chapters focus on multicriteria programming; multicriteria optimization for engineering and architectural design; and a system for integrated optimal design. This monograph will be of interest to designers and others concerned with the use of optimization concepts and tools in design optimization.

  • Output Hardcopy Devices

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Durbeck
    • English
    Output Hardcopy Devices provides a technical summary of computer output hardcopy devices such as plotters, computer output printers, and CRT generated hardcopy. Important related technical areas such as papers, ribbons and inks, color techniques, controllers, and character fonts are also covered. Emphasis is on techniques primarily associated with printing, as well as the plotting capabilities of printing devices that can be effectively used for computer graphics in addition to their various printing functions. Comprised of 19 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to vector and raster plotters, presented from the viewpoint of the user. The general considerations that apply to these types of hard copy devices are discussed, along with the problems and pitfalls that the user may encounter. The vector plotters cited are the drum and flatbed types that use pens to write on some type of medium, such as paper. Subsequent chapters focus on plotters and hard copy imaging technologies, and those that use CRTs as the image source, with cameras as the primary means for producing the hard copy. Impact and non-impact printing technologies as well as other technology areas that are very important to plotters and printers are also examined. This book should be of value to students and researchers interested in printing and computer graphics.

  • Characterization of Metal and Polymer Surfaces V2

    Polymer Surfaces
    • 1st Edition
    • Lieng-Huang Lee
    • English
    Characterization of Metal and Polymer Surfaces, Volume 2: Polymer Surfaces presents the proceedings of the Symposium on Advances in Characterization of Metal and Polymer Surfaces, held in New York, on April 5–8, 1976. This book provides information pertinent to surface science and discusses the applications of surface analyses to polymer technology. Organized into four parts encompassing 21 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the measurement of binding energies and chemical shifts, which remain a relevant aspect of electron microscopy for organic and inorganic compounds. This text then explores the capability of electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) as a spectroscopic tool that enables the features of structure and bonding in surface, subsurface, and bulk regions of polymer systems to be elaborated. Other chapters consider the surface and interfacial properties of polymers, which are significant in various biomedical applications. This book is a valuable resource for analytical and polymer chemists.

  • Improved Oil Recovery by Surfactant and Polymer Flooding

    • 1st Edition
    • D.O. Shah
    • English
    Improved Oil Recovery by Surfactant and Polymer Flooding contains papers presented at the 1976 AIChE Symposium on Improved Oil Recovery by Surfactant and Polymer Flooding held in Kansas City. Organized into 18 chapters, the book includes papers that introduce petroleum reservoirs and discuss interfacial tension; molecular forces; molecular aspects of ultralow interfacial tension; the structure, formation, and phase inversion of microemulsions; and thermodynamics of micellization and related phenomena. Papers on adsorption phenomena at solid/liquid interfaces and reservoir rocks, as well as on flow through porous media studies on polymer solutions, microemulsions, and soluble oils are also provided. Significant topics on molecular, microscopic, and macroscopic aspects of oil displacement in porous media by surfactant and polymer solutions and related phenomena are also discussed. The literature cited in this book forms a comprehensive list of references in relation to improved oil recovery by surfactant and polymer flooding. This book will be useful to experts and non-experts in this field of research.

  • Silicate Structures and dispersion system

    • 1st Edition
    • Wilhelm Eitel
    • English
    Silicate Science, Volume VI: Silicate Structures and Dispersoid Systems reviews the advances made in silicate research from 1960 through 1970, with emphasis on X-ray diffraction methods, their theory, and the refinements of special silicate structures, particularly of natural silicate minerals or of synthetic products. The Zolati systematics of silicate crystal structures are used in this treatise, along with the principle of a systematics after the "sharing coefficients." Comprised of three sections, this volume begins with an overview of the progress made in infrared and Raman spectroscopy as well as the Mössbauer nuclear paramagnetic resonance method. Advances in experimental techniques applicable to crystal structure problems and crystal chemistry are highlighted, together with research in isomorphism, isotypism, polymorphism, and the epitaxis phenomena. The next section deals with clay minerals and considers the refined physical-chemical methods used for their identification, chiefly by infrared spectroscopy. Structures, adsorption, and base exchange reactions of clay minerals with inorganic and organic compounds are analyzed. The final section is devoted to silica and silicate dispersoid systems and the many advances made in electron microscopy, especially in the Castaing electron microprobe method. This book will be of interest to mineralogists, chemists, and crystallographers.

  • Use of X-Ray Crystallography in the Design of Antiviral Agents

    • 1st Edition
    • W Laver
    • English
    Use of X-Ray Crystallography in the Design of Antiviral Agents describes materials presented at an International Workshop held in Kona, Hawaii on February 6-8, 1989, which discussed the use of X-ray crystallography in the design of antiviral agents. This book focuses on the approach that determines the three-dimensional structures of viruses and virus proteins with biological activity, such as computer molecular modeling. The three-dimensional structures of a number of immune complexes that involve complexes of antigen with antibodies or peptide antigens complexed with an MHC molecule are also deliberated. This text emphasizes that the three-dimensional structures allow the rational design of virus replication inhibitors that control virus infections in man and economically important domestic animals. This publication is a good reference for pharmacists, biochemists, and clinicians researching on the design of antiviral agents.

  • Techniques for Image Processing and Classifications in Remote Sensing

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert A. Schowengerdt
    • English
    Techniques for Image Processing and Classifications in Remote Sensing provides an introduction to the fundamentals of computer image processing and classification (commonly called ""pattern recognition"" in other applications). The book begins with a discussion of digital scanners and imagery, and two key mathematical concepts for image processing and classification—spati... filtering and statistical pattern recognition. This is followed by separate chapters on image processing and classification techniques that are widely used in the remote sensing community. The emphasis throughout is on techniques that assist in the analysis of images, not particular applications of these techniques. The book also has four appendixes, featuring a bibliography; an introduction to computer binary data representation and image data formats; a discussion of interactive image processing; and a selection of exam questions from the Image Processing Laboratory course at the University of Arizona. This book is intended for use as either a primary source in an introductory image processing course or as a supplementary text in an intermediate-level remote sensing course. The academic level addressed is upper-division undergraduate or beginning graduate, and familiarity with calculus and basic vector and matrix concepts is assumed.

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