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Elsevier

Books in Chemistry

Chemistry topic areas include: physical and theoretical, computational, organic, organometallic and inorganic, pharmaceutical and medicinal, analytical and bioanalytical, nuclear, general, nanochemistry, geochemistry, materials and polymer, as well as environmental, green and sustainable chemistry.

  • The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes V6

    Reactive Dyes
    • 1st Edition
    • K Venkataraman
    • English
    The Chemistry of Synthetic Dyes, Volume VI: Reactive Dyes is devoted solely to the reactive dyes, emphasizing their outstanding technical importance and development. This compilation is divided into three chapters. Chapter I focuses on the reactive group, while Chapter II describes the methods of preparation of typical and technically important reactive dyes. The technology and basic chemistry of the application of reactive dyes to textile fibers are covered in the last chapter. This compilation specifically discusses the reactive groups bound to the colorant, synthesis of reactive dyes, and establishment of the dye-fiber linkage. This volume is intended primarily for organic chemists and technologists concerned with the synthesis of dyes and their applications.

  • Fluorine Chemistry V4

    • 1st Edition
    • J.H. Simons
    • English
    Fluorine Chemistry, Volume IV provides an extensive survey and discussion on the physiological properties of fluoride ion and substances capable of producing it in aqueous solution. This book elaborates the detrimental effects of excessive fluoride ingestion, through the beneficial effects of optimal amounts, to recognized detrimental effects, such as dental caries accompanied by suboptimal fluoride intake. Fluoride metabolism is discussed in detail, including the capacity for storage of fluoride by the bones and rates of excretion of fluoride from the body. This text also covers the relation of fluoride ion to the health of teeth and bones. This publication is a good source for chemists and clinicians intending to acquire knowledge of the biological effects of fluoride.

  • Ionic Interactions

    From Dilute Solution to Fused Salts
    • 1st Edition
    • S Petrucci
    • English
    Ionic Interactions: From Dilute Solutions to Fused Salts, Volume I: Equilibrium and Mass Transport is an effort to present a broad spectrum of approaches to the study of ionic systems and their interactions. This volume covers the equilibrium and mass transport properties of ionized dilute electrolytes and its different theories; statistical thermodynamics of ionic association and complexion in dilute solutions; molten salts; concentrated aqueous electrolytes; and different theories and parameters. This book is recommended for undergraduates, practitioners, and researchers in the field of chemistry, especially in the areas of inorganic chemistry and thermodynamics.

  • Solvent Effects on Chemical Phenomena

    • 1st Edition
    • Edward Amis
    • English
    Solvent Effects on Chemical Phenomena, Volume I discusses the developments in the understanding of solvent effects on chemical phenomena in solution. This five-chapter volume begins with a discussion on the general concepts of various solvation types, including positive and negative, inner and outer sphere, and mixed component. The subsequent chapter deals with the determination of the actual solvation number for single ions. A short list of the total effective hydration numbers of electrolytes determined from temperature dependence of proton shifts is also provided in this chapter. Another chapter presents a number of examples of the unusual properties of certain mixed aqueous systems. The solvent effects on reaction rates and mechanisms are highlighted in the concluding chapter. This chapter also covers various types of solvents, such as protic and dipolar aprotic. The enthalpy and entropy of activation in salvation and the Finkelstein reactions are also discussed. Research chemists and scientists, teachers, and students with courses in solution chemistry will greatly benefit from this volume.

  • The Organic Chemistry Of iron Pt 2

    • 1st Edition
    • Ernst A. Koerner Von Gustorf
    • English
    The Organic Chemistry of Iron, Volume 2 covers a series of selected topics in organo-iron chemistry, including complexes with poly-olefins, arenes, and sulfur-containing ligands, as well as an account of iron-metal bonds. The book discusses the iron complexes of trienes, tetraenes, and polyenes; the arene complexes; the compounds with iron-metal bonds and clusters; and the complexes with sulfur-containing ligands.

  • Physical Chemistry and Its Biological Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Wallace Brey
    • English
    Physical Chemistry and Its Biological Applications presents the basic principles of physical chemistry and shows how the methods of physical chemistry are being applied to increase understanding of living systems. Chapters 1 and 2 of the book discuss states of matter and solutions of nonelectrolytes. Chapters 3 to 5 examine laws in thermodynamics and solutions of electrolytes. Chapters 6 to 8 look at acid-base equilibria and the link between electromagnetic radiation and the structure of atoms. Chapters 9 to 11 cover different types of bonding, the rates of chemical reactions, and the process of adsorption. Chapters 12 to 14 present molecular aggregates, magnetic resonance spectroscopy and photochemistry, and radiation. This book is useful to biological scientists for self-study and reference. With modest additions of mathematical material by the teacher, the book should also be suitable for a full-year major's course in physical chemistry.

  • Organic Trace Analysis by Liquid Chromatography

    • 1st Edition
    • James Lawrence
    • English
    Organic Trace Analysis by Liquid Chromatography focuses on high-performance liquid chromatography in the field of formulations analysis, which includes quality control of pharmaceutical preparations, pesticide formulations, cosmetics, and food colors. This book explores the application of liquid chromatography to trace analysis. Organized into 10 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the special requirements of liquid chromatography for trace analysis. This text then compares the approach to gas chromatography and formulations analysis, noting the significant difference. Other chapters consider the liquid chromatography equipment and examine the best types and conditions of instrumentation suitable for trace analysis. This book discusses as well the chromatography theory and includes descriptive accounts of the principles of the different forms of chromatography. The final chapter describes the typical approaches that are used for trace analysis. This book is a valuable resource for analysts engaged in the determination of trace organics in many various substrates.

  • Liquid Crystals

    • 1st Edition
    • L Liebert
    • English
    Liquid Crystals provides information pertinent to the characterization and understanding of the liquid crystalline or ordered fluid. This book presents the important developments in the understanding of liquid crystals. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the various relations between liquid crystals and polymers. This text then examines the synthesis of very simple families of liquid crystals of the types required by the laboratory physicists. Other chapters consider the process of reorientation of the permanent dipole moments connected with changes in the field, which requires a definite time interval. This book discusses as well the lyotropic liquid crystals that can be formed by amphiphilic molecules as different as lipids and copolymers. The final chapter deals with the aspect of molecular pattern, which seems to be the most underestimated in the consideration of biological phenomena found in liquid crystal. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, physicists, and chemists.

  • The Exciplex

    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Gordon
    • English
    The Exciplex contains the proceedings of the International Exciplex Conference held at the University of Western Ontario, on May 28-31, 1974. The papers explore various aspects of exciplex behavior and cover topics ranging from singlet- and triplet-state exciplexes to the photophysics of aromatic excimers. Electron-transfer reactions in multicomponent systems are also considered, along with intramolecular triplet-state charge-transfer interactions in aminoketones. Comprised of 15 chapters, this book opens with an overview of the photochemistry of excimers and exciplexes, followed by a discussion on singlet- and triplet-state exciplexes and the photophysics of aromatic excimers. Experimental results on intersystem crossing and ionic recombination processes are then presented, and electronic structures as well as dynamical behavior of some exciplex systems are described. The next chapters focus on excimers of hydrogen and acetone; complexes of dipolar excited states and small polar molecules; electron transfer and exciplex formation from triplet states of anthracene and metalloporphyrins; and exciplexes in electrogenerated chemiluminescence. The final chapter is devoted to intramolecular triplet-state charge-transfer interactions in aminoketones. This monograph will be of interest to chemists and physicists.

  • Carbohydrate Chemistry

    Monosaccharides and Their Oligomers
    • 1st Edition
    • Hassan El Khadem
    • English
    Carbohydrate Chemistry: Monosaccharides and Their Oligomers is a textbook designed to fill the gap between large, multivolume reference books and elementary books. The contents of the book are divided into two major parts, monomeric carbohydrates and oligosaccharides, with an introductory chapter discussing the historical background and significance of carbohydrates. The chapters under Part I: Monosaccharides deal with its chemistry, specifically the determination of the structure, configuration, and conformation. Other topics covered in this part are the discussion on the elucidation, proper nomenclature of carbohydrates, structure elucidation, and the reactions of monosaccharides. Part II deals with oligosaccharides and oligonucleotides. Some of the topics discussed in this part include structure elucidation, wet chemical methods, and chemical synthesis and modification. This book will be of great use to graduate and undergraduate students in the fields of chemistry, biochemistry, medicine, and pharmacy.

  • Physical Principles and Techniques of Protein Chemistry Part A

    • 1st Edition
    • Sydney Leach
    • English
    Physical Principles and Techniques of Protein Chemistry, Part A deals with the principles and application of selected physical methods in protein chemistry evaluation. This book is organized into nine chapters that cover microscopic, crystallographic, and electrophoretic techniques for protein conformational perturbations evaluation. This text first presents a general account of electron microscopy, its specimen preparation, optimum conditions for high resolution, measurement of electron micrographs, and illustrative examples of protein study. This book then examines the different types of maps from X-ray methods and the diffraction data from fibrous proteins. The subsequent chapters cover discussions on UV spectroscopy of proteins; luminescence properties of proteins and related compounds; and perturbation and flow methods for evaluation of proteins’ dynamic properties and rate constants. Other chapters deal with the evaluation of proteins’ dielectric properties using dielectric relaxation, electric birefringence, and dichroism techniques. The concluding chapters outline the theoretical and experimental advances of the electrophoretic and gel filtration methods for the study of protein structure and molecular weight. This book is of great value to chemists, biologists, and researchers who have great appreciation of protein chemistry.

  • Chemistry Of Marine Natural Products

    • 1st Edition
    • Poul Schever
    • English
    Chemistry of Marine Natural Products explores the marine environment and its chemical composition. This book discusses the factors that contribute to the increasing interest in the study of marine environment. Organized into five chapters, this text starts with a discussion on the organic compound isoprenoids. This book then examines the sterol composition in several species, including crustaceans, echinoderms, mollusks, and invertebrates. This text also discusses phenols and its derivatives, including bromophenols and dibrophenol. Amino acids, carbohydrates, and polymers are also presented in this book. Other chapters explain the secondary metabolites, particularly amino acids and simple amines. This book further discusses the chemistry of fatty acids and determines whether marine animals and plants elaborate any distinct fatty acids. The final chapter explores the biogenetic relationship of hydrocarbons to fatty acids. This book is intended for chemists with an interest in the marine environment. Oceanographers, marine biologists, marine scientists, pharmacologists, researchers, teachers, and students will find this book extremely useful.

  • Polar Covalence

    • 1st Edition
    • R Sanderson
    • English
    Polar Covalence provides a detailed account of a successful approach to understanding chemistry from knowledge of atomic structure and the properties that result from this structure. This book discusses the nature of multiple bonds. Organized into 16 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the interrelationships of various basic atomic properties. This text then describes chemical bonding, which can only occur when the nuclei of both atoms can attract the same electrons. Other chapters consider the bond energy of multiple bonds, which can be determined by calculating the energy in the usual way as though the bonds were single but of the experimental length. This book discusses as well the reduction of the lone pair bond weakening effect through the formation of multiple bonds. The final chapter deals with the relative roles of principles and practice in the teaching of inorganic and general chemistry. This book is a valuable resource for chemists and students.

  • Interacting Macromolecules

    The Theory and Practice of Their Electrophoresis, Ultracentrifugation, and Chromatography
    • 1st Edition
    • John Cann
    • English
    Interacting Macromolecules: The Theory and Practice of Their Electrophoresis, Ultracentrifugation, and Chromatography reviews advances in theory and practice concerning the electrophoresis, ultracentrifugation, and chromatography of interacting macromolecules. The principles of mass transport of non-interacting systems are discussed, along with the weak electrolyte moving-boundary theory and analytical solution of approximate transport equations for certain types of interactions. Computer computations on ligand-mediated association-dissocia... reactions are also presented. This book is comprised of six chapters and begins with a survey of the principles of electrophoresis and ultracentrifugation of non-reacting systems before proceeding with a detailed treatment of the mass transport of reversibly reacting macromolecules. A conservation equation is derived for a solution containing a single macromolecular ion. The following chapters explore the weak-electrolyte moving-boundary theory; the analytical Solution of approximate conservation equations; and numerical solution of exact conservation equations. The formulation of the numerical computation for ligand-mediated association-dissocia... reactions is described, together with a code for sedimentation calculations. The final chapter summarizes the procedures and precautions required to assure accurate interpretation of sedimentation and electrophoretic patterns in terms of the thermodynamic and molecular parameters characterizing the reactions exhibited by biological macromolecules. The more common analytical applications of ultracentrifugation, electrophoresis, and chromatography are also outlined. This monograph is intended for molecular biologists and graduate students.

  • Chemistry of The Environment

    • 1st Edition
    • R.A. Bailey
    • English
    Chemistry of the Environment provides a basic level of chemical knowledge on the principles of environmental chemistry and a general understanding of environmental problems. Organized into 17 chapters, this book is developed from the notes for a course in “Chemistry of the Environment” for juniors, seniors, and graduate students in Science and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. The opening chapters of this book discuss the problems related to waste disposal and energy production and the principles of atmospheric circulation and photochemical reactions, with an emphasis on the effects of human activities on the atmosphere and climate. Considerable chapters are devoted to various industries, including petroleum chlorinated hydrocarbons, pesticides, heavy metals, and nuclear chemistry, and the contributions of these industries to environmental problems. General topics on both natural and technological processes that impinge on the environment are explored. Other chapters discuss the principles of atmospheric photochemistry and the natural and artificial photochemical processes occurring in the biosphere. This book also examines the chemistry of some of the most important elements and how they relate to the properties of the environment and to biological effects. The concluding chapter provides insights into the nature, as well as the sources and the hazards of ionizing radiation in the environment, with particular emphasis on naturally occurring and artificial nuclear sources of ionizing radiation. This book is of great benefit to environmental chemists and researchers, biochemists, and elementary organic chemists.

  • Nonaqueous Electrolytes Handbook

    • 1st Edition
    • G.J. Janz
    • English
    Nonaqueous Electrolytes Handbook, Volume II, is an authoritative and updated information source for nonaqueous solvent systems. The information in this handbook covers literature to 1973 and includes data for some 310 solvent systems. This volume has been organized to include 11 well-defined areas: Solubilities of Electrolytes; EMF and Potentiometric Titrations; Vapor Pressures; Cryoscopy; Heats of Solution Calorimetry; Polarography; Ligand Exchange Rates and Electrode Reactions; Electrical Double Layer; Spectroscopy and Structure of Electrolytes; Organic Electrolyte Battery Systems; and Additional References and Data Sources. The section on polarography is divided further according to inorganic electrolytes, organic electrolytes, and organometallic compounds, in order to present the wealth of data in a concise and orderly manner. As in Volume I, the last section covers additional data sources, reviews, and data and references that were received too late to include in the earlier sections. The method of presentation of material is briefly described in the introduction to each section to facilitate the use of the tabulated information and bibliographies are given at the end of each section. A Compound Index is included.

  • Nuclear magnetic Resonance in biochemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Thomas James
    • English
    Nuclear Magnetic Resonance in Biochemistry: Principles and Applications focuses on the principles and applications of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in biochemistry. Topics covered include experimental methods in NMR; the mechanisms of NMR relaxation; chemical and paramagnetic shifts; spin-spin splitting; the use of NMR in investigations of biopolymers and biomolecular interactions; and molecular dynamics in biological and biochemical systems. This text is comprised of eight chapters; the first of which gives an overview of NMR spectroscopy and its use in studies of biological systems. The next two chapters discuss the theoretical basis for NMR applications in biochemistry, with emphasis on Bloch equations, quantum mechanics, correlation function and correlation time, double resonance, and chemical exchange. The reader is then introduced to the basis for chemical shifts and spin-spin splitting, along with several examples of the use of these NMR parameters in studies of small molecule interactions and structure. The experimental apparatus and procedures employed in NMR studies, Fourier transform NMR, and NMR spectral parameters of small molecules interacting with macromolecules are also considered. The book highlights the information obtainable from the spectra of biopolymers, and then concludes with a chapter on NMR investigations of the state of motion of lipids in membranes and model membranes; water in macromolecular and cellular systems; and sodium ion in biological tissue. This book is intended primarily for chemists, biochemists, biophysicists, and molecular biologists, as well as graduate students.

  • The Radiation Chemistry of Macromolecules

    • 1st Edition
    • Malcolm Dole
    • English
    The Radiation Chemistry of Macromolecules is the first from a two-volume series aiming to contribute to the radiation chemistry in general. The chapters in this volume are divided into two major parts, where the first part deals with the basic processes and theory, while the second part tackles experimental techniques and applications to polyethylene. Part I focuses on the discussion on general principles of radiation effects; fundamental concepts on energy transfer; and the theory of free radicals. The subject of polymers is discussed thoroughly in several chapters including its molecular mobilities and electrical conductivity. Part II presents experimental techniques and a description of the radiation chemistry of a single polymer. This part also includes a discussion on the morphology of polyethylene and free radicals in irradiated polyethylene. This book is an important reference to students and scientists in the field of radiation chemistry of macromolecules.

  • Physical Methods in Modern Chemical Analysis V2

    • 1st Edition
    • Theodore Kuwana
    • English
    Physical Methods in Modern Chemical Analysis, Volume 2 covers the fundamental principles, the instrumentation or necessary equipment, and applications of selected physical methods. This volume contains five chapters, and deals first with the theory, instrumentation, column features, and applications of high-performance liquid chromatography. The next two chapters survey the principles, experimental aspects, procedures, and specific applications of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction methods. A chapter discusses the technical and theoretical aspects of ion cyclotron resonance, with a special emphasis on its application in gas phase ion and neutral compounds analysis. The last chapter explores the apparatus and experimental procedures in refractive index measurements. This book will be of value to analytical chemists and analytical chemistry researchers.

  • Basic Principles in Nucleic Acid Chemistry V1

    • 1st Edition
    • Paul O.P. Ts'o
    • English
    Basic Principles in Nucleic Acid Chemistry, Volume I provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of nucleic acids. This book discusses the development of the basic principles in nucleic acid research that will serve as a foundation for further advancement in nucleic acid research. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the history of the scientific study of nucleic acid as a genetic material. This text then examines the utility of the analogs of the naturally occurring nucleic acid components as biochemical tools and as therapeutic agents. Other chapters consider mass spectrometry that deals with the production and chemistry of ions in the vapor phase. This book discusses as well the various aspects of the excited states of the nucleic acids. The final chapter deals with the systematic study of the physiochemical properties of the monomeric units of nucleic acid. This book is a valuable resource for molecular biologists, scientists, and research workers.

  • Photochemistry and Photobiology of Nucleic Acids

    • 1st Edition
    • Shih-Yi Wang
    • English
    Photochemistry and Photobiology of Nucleic Acids, Volume I: Chemistry covers the historical developments in the study of photobiology and photochemistry of nucleic acid components. This volume is divided into 12 chapters that deal with the isolation and characterization of ultraviolet photoproducts of pyrimidines. After briefly covering the concepts of photochemistry of nucleic acids, this volume goes on describing the UV-induced physical and chemical alterations in nucleic acid components, such as pyrimidines, purines, their nucleosides and nucleotides, and related compounds. Significant chapters are devoted to mass and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry and crystal and molecular structure determinations by X-ray diffraction. Together with the pertinent examples, a short discussion on the theory and techniques is also presented in each chapter. This volume also includes a chapter on radiation chemistry to examine the close relationship between the chemical effects of UV-light and X- or gamma-radiation. This volume is of value to researchers who are active in the study of photochemistry and photobiology in nucleic acids as well as to advanced undergraduate and graduate students interested in this field.

  • Optoacoustic Spectroscopy and Detection

    • 1st Edition
    • Yoh-Han Pao
    • English
    Optoacoustic Spectroscopy and Detection discusses the fundamental principles and practice of optoacoustic spectroscopy. This book serves as a basis for evaluation of the feasibility of using such techniques in specific instances. Organized into eight chapters, this book starts with an overview of the detection and identification of gas contaminants, which is necessary to understand the physical description of the generation and measurement of the optoacoustic signal. This text then provides an understanding of the optoacoustic effect on a molecular scale and describes the energy transfer processes and estimates of the lifetimes of vibrationally excited states. Other chapters consider the options available to the researcher in the selection of optoacoustic system design. This book discusses as well the capabilities and limitations of various optoacoustic system designs. The final chapter deals with the technique used for exploring the absorption spectra of substances, including powders, gels, adsorbed films, and organic tissues. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students engaged in the study of optoacoustic spectroscopy.

  • Further Challenging Problems in Organic Reaction Mechanisms

    • 1st Edition
    • Darshan Ranganathan
    • English
    Further Challenging Problems in Organic Reaction Mechanisms explores the problems encountered in the study of the various facets of organic chemistry, including syntheses, reactions, reagents, and reaction mechanisms. Each problem describes the starting material, the conditions of the reaction, and the product, followed by the reference to the original publication. This permits the reader to solve the problem, either independently or with guidance from the Pathways and Pointers provided, and then compare the results with those presented in the literature. This work is of great value to organic chemists and researchers and organic chemistry teachers and students.

  • Isotopic Assessment of Heterogeneous Catalysis

    • 1st Edition
    • John Happel
    • English
    Isotopic Assessment of Heterogeneous Catalysis deals with the use of isotopic tracing to study the reaction mechanisms involved in heterogeneous catalysis. It presents special methods for using isotopic and radioactive atomic species for obtaining meaningful kinetic data that can be quantitatively used in mechanistic modeling. It also considers a number of industrial reactions under steady-state reaction conditions in which superposed tracer transfer is also at steady state. This book is comprised of eight chapters and begins with an introduction to heterogeneous catalysis and an approach to reaction modeling, as well as the experimental reactors for obtaining the type of measurements and data needed in transient modeling. The application of isotopes in studies of heterogeneous catalysis is also discussed. Subsequent chapters focus on the choice of intermediates and reaction steps in tracer experiments; the number of overall stoichiometric chemical reactions that can occur in order to generate product molecules from reactants; superposition modeling of mechanisms; and steady-state tracing. Transient tracing and the development of rate equations are also described. This monograph is intended primarily for students and teachers of such subjects as physical chemistry, as well as research scientists and technologists.

  • Organochromium compounds

    • 1st Edition
    • R Sneeden
    • English
    Organochromium Compounds is a three-chapter text that covers the major developments in the preparation, characterization, and reaction of the five main classes of organochromium compounds. These classes include the chromium π and solvated sodium and lithium poly(organo)chromate... and (II) complexes, carbenoid-chromium, solvated σ-bonded organochromium(III) and (II), solvated sodium and lithium poly(organo)chromate... and (II) complexes, and unsolvated σ-bonded tetra(organo)chromiu... compounds. This book will be of value to organic chemists and researchers who are interested in organotransition metal chemistry.

  • Analysis of Triglycerides

    • 1st Edition
    • Carter Litchfield
    • English
    Analysis of Triglycerides is a 13-chapter text that covers the various types of analyses, the specific operating conditions, and experimental details necessary when dealing with certain types of triglyceride molecules and their derived diglycerides. After briefly providing an overview of the history and applications of triglycerides analysis, this book goes on describing the analytical techniques for triglyceride analysis, which are subdivided into sample preparation, molecular fractionation, and positional analysis. Considerable chapters are devoted to diglyceride characterization procedures. A chapter describes the various fatty acid distribution theories for estimating the composition of natural triglyceride mixtures. The final chapter outlines useful combinations of analytical techniques for obtaining maximum compositional information. This book is a comprehensive reference source for analytical and organic chemists and researchers, as well as for teachers and students who are interested in seeking more information on the subject.

  • Trace Analysis By Mass Spectrometry

    • 1st Edition
    • Arthur J. Ahearn
    • English
    Trace Analysis by Mass Spectrometry deals with trace analysis of solids and liquids by mass spectrometric techniques. Topics include the physics and techniques of electrical discharge ion sources, transmission of ions through double focusing mass spectrometers, and detection and measurement of ions by ion-sensitive plates. The ion sources used are principally electrical discharge type sources. This book is comprised of 14 chapters. The first several chapters focus on the basic physics of electrical discharge ion sources, double focusing mass spectrometry, and the measurement of arrays of mass resolved ion beams by electrical detection methods and with ion sensitive emulsions. The discussion then shifts to the problem of obtaining the chemical composition of the recorded mass resolved ion sample and relating this composition to that of the original sample. The chapters that follow describe specific techniques for analyzing special samples such as insulators, powders, microsamples, biological materials, reactive and low melting point substances, radioactive materials, and gases in solids. The remaining chapters include the use of laser ion sources in the analysis of solids and the analysis of surfaces particularly with sputter ion sources. This book will be of interest to students and practitioners of physics and chemistry.

  • Introduction to Chemical Kinetics

    • 1st Edition
    • Gordon Skinner
    • English
    Introduction to Chemical Kinetics is a compilation of lecture notes of the author about principles, concepts, and theories in chemical kinetics. The book tackles the nature of chemical kinetics, reaction rates and order, and thermodynamic consistency of rate laws. The effects of temperature on kinetics, prediction of reaction rates, gas-phase reactions, and controlled reactions are also discussed. The text also explains the reactions catalyzed by enzymes; reactions in solids and heterogenous systems; oxidation of metals; catalysis of reactions by solids; and methods for different reaction rates. The monograph is recommended as a textbook for undergraduate students in chemistry who are currently taking up kinetics, as it is an easily understood and concise book that can also be used as reference.

  • Ord and Cd in Chemistry and Biochemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Pierre Crabbe
    • English
    ORD and CD in Chemistry and Biochemistry: An Introduction essentially presents the necessary foreword and theoretical foundation for the useful application of optical rotatory dispersion (ORD) and circular dichroism (CD) to certain common chemical problems. This book emphasizes the precision of ORD and CD data in terms of stereochemical information. The book begins with some historical references and a concise review of basic principles on stereochemistry. It further delves onto the phenomena of optical activity. Also included are the definitions and units commonly used in ORD and CD. The book also discusses optical properties of polymers, organometallic, and inorganic derivatives; and some of the aspects of magnetic optical rotator dispersion (MORD) and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD). A table that presents wavelength range of the Cotton effects of most chromophoric groupings concludes the book. This monograph is a helpful reference to students as well as professionals from both chemistry and biochemistry fields of science.

  • Excited States V3

    • 1st Edition
    • Edward Lim
    • English
    Excited States, Volume 3 deals with excited states and covers topics ranging from two-photon molecular spectroscopy in liquids and gases to time evolution of excited molecular states. Product energy distributions in the dissociation of polyatomic molecules are also discussed, along with the mechanism of optical nuclear polarization in molecular crystals and vibronic interactions and luminescence in aromatic molecules with non-bonding electrons. Comprised of five chapters, this volume begins with a didactic treatment of the theory of simultaneous two-photon absorption spectroscopy from the point of view concerned primarily with molecular gases and liquids. The basic theoretical quantity is shown to be an absorption tensor, as contrasted with the absorption vector of one-photon spectroscopy. The next chapter considers the time evolution of a molecular system interacting with a photon wave packet. The theory is applied to handle photon scattering from several physical models for molecular level structure in excited electronic states of polyatomic molecules. The remaining chapters explore various polyatomic decomposition processes and the basic features governing the internal energy distribution of the fragments; optical nuclear polarization in molecular crystals and vibronic interactions; and luminescence in aromatic molecules with non-bonding electrons. This book should be of interest to chemists and molecular physicists.

  • Physical Methods in Modern Chemical Analysis V1

    • 1st Edition
    • Theodore Kuwana
    • English
    Physical Methods in Modern Chemical Analysis, Volume 1 presents the fundamental principles, the instrumentation or necessary equipment, and applications of selected physical methodologies in chemical analysis. This volume contains chapters on gas chromatography; principles and instrumentation of mass spectrometry; fluorescence and atomic absorption spectroscopy; applications, scope, and structural problems of mass spectrometry; and flame and plasma emission methods of analysis. Chemists, researchers, and students of chemistry will find the book an excellent reference material.

  • Inorganic Solid Fluorides

    Chemistry and Physics
    • 1st Edition
    • Poul Hagenmuller
    • English
    Inorganic Solid Fluorides: Chemistry and Physics deals with the chemical and physical properties of inorganic solid fluorides and covers topics ranging from methods used in the preparation of fluorides to the crystal chemistry of fluorides and transition metal oxyfluorides. Defects in solid fluorides are also discussed, along with fluorine intercalation compounds of graphite and high oxidation states in fluorine chemistry. This book is comprised of 21 chapters and begins with an overview of general trends related to fluorides, including bonding problems and economic implications of fluorides. Some of the methods for the synthesis of inorganic solid fluorides are then described, including gas-phase reactions, reactions in solution, gas-solid reactions, and partial or all solid-state reactions. Subsequent chapters explore the properties of fluoride glasses; ferromagnetism and ferrimagnetism in fluorides; competing spin interactions and frustration effects in fluorides; and electronic conduction in fluorides. Fast fluorine ion conductors and nonlinear properties of fluorides are also considered. The final chapter is devoted to industrial uses of inorganic fluorides. This monograph should be of interest to physicists and inorganic chemists as well as students of physics and inorganic chemistry.

  • Structural Studies on Nucleic acids and Other Biopolymers

    • 1st Edition
    • J Duchesne
    • English
    Physico-chemical Properties of Nucleic Acids, Volume II basically deals with the structural studies on nucleic acids and other biopolymers. This volume gives much emphasis on conformational changes using spectroscopic techniques and also on methods of thermodynamics and hydrodynamics. Volume II begins with Chapter 10 as continuation of Volume I and discusses the infrared and Raman spectroscopy of nucleic acids and polynucleotides. Chapter 11 delves further into the topic of infrared and Raman spectra particularly the vibrations in the base-residues. This volume also highlights the topic of RNA, where the structure of viral RNA and nuclear magnetic resonance studies of transfer RNAs in solution are covered. The last two chapters discuss the concept of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic properties of conformation transitions and changes. This volume caters to both students and researchers in various fields of science, such as biology, chemistry, molecular biology, biophysics, and microbiology.

  • Material Concepts in Surface Reactivity and Catalysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Henry Wise
    • English
    Material Concepts in Surface Reactivity and Catalysis focuses on the physical and chemical properties of the surface in a reacting system, identifying surface properties that influence interfacial reactions in metal and nonmetal systems. This book discusses the bulk and surface imperfections, surface energy of multicomponent systems, adsorption isotherms and isosteres, and Lennard-Jones potential curves. The adsorbate-induced surface reconstruction, metal-support reactions, defect thermodynamics, and defect metal oxides with crystallographic shear structures are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the metal oxide catalysis, component segregation at grain boundaries, diffusion-controlled metal oxidation, and kinetics of metal deposition. This publication is useful to students in materials science, solid-state chemistry, and catalysis, as well as specialists engaged in research.

  • Chemistry

    With Inorganic Qualitative Analysis
    • 1st Edition
    • Therald Moeller
    • English
    Chemistry with Inorganic Qualitative Analysis is a textbook that describes the application of the principles of equilibrium represented in qualitative analysis and the properties of ions arising from the reactions of the analysis. This book reviews the chemistry of inorganic substances as the science of matter, the units of measure used, atoms, atomic structure, thermochemistry, nuclear chemistry, molecules, and ions in action. This text also describes the chemical bonds, the representative elements, the changes of state, water and the hydrosphere (which also covers water pollution and water purification). Water purification occurs in nature through the usual water cycle and by the action of microorganisms. The air flushes dissolved gases and volatile pollutants; when water seeps through the soil, it filters solids as they settle in the bottom of placid lakes. Microorganisms break down large organic molecules containing mostly carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, or phosphorus into harmless molecules and ions. This text notes that natural purification occurs if the level of contaminants is not so excessive. This textbook is suitable for both chemistry teachers and students.

  • Quantum Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • John Lowe
    • English
    Quantum Chemistry covers the basic principles, methods, and results of quantum chemistry, providing insights on electron behavior. This book is organized into 14 chapters that focus on ground state molecular orbital theory. After briefly dealing with some of the concepts of classical physics, the book goes on describing some simple but important particle systems. It then examines several systems with discontinuous potential energies, such as the simple harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen-like ion system. A chapter presents a set of postulates and theorems that form the formal foundation of quantum mechanics. Considerable chapters are devoted to various quantum chemical methods, as well as their basic features and application to molecular orbital evaluation. These methods include Huckel molecular orbital, variation, linear variation, extended Huckel, and SCF-LCAO-MO. The concluding chapters deal with the development of theories for molecular orbital, including time-independent Rayleigh-Schrodinger perturbation, group, and qualitative molecular orbital theories. Supplemental texts of the more complicated derivations or proofs and problems encountered in quantum chemistry are also provided. This book is an introductory text intended for organic, inorganic, and physical chemists, as well as for graduate and undergraduate students.

  • Vinyl Cations

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Stang
    • English
    Vinyl Cations provides a comprehensive and detailed treatment of the reactive intermediate in which the electron-deficient carbon is an integral part of a ? unsaturation. This book emphasizes that the reaction through vinyl cations is a viable pathway among the multitude of mechanistic routes for vinylic substitution. The aryl, ethynyl, and allenyl cations from the viewpoint of direct solvolytic generation from appropriate allenyl precursors are briefly discussed. Other topics include the preparative aspects of electrophilic additions to alkynes, participation of allenyl bonds in solvolyses, and vinyl cations generated through diazonium ions. The nature of the cationic intermediates, migrations across the double bond, thiirenium ions, and species related to vinyl cations are likewise elaborated. This publication is beneficial to chemists and researchers concerned with vinyl cations.

  • Multiphoton Spectroscopy of Molecules

    • 1st Edition
    • S.H. Lin
    • English
    Multiphoton Spectroscopy of Molecules deals with the fundamental theory, methods, and basic results in multiphoton spectroscopy research made possible by using powerful lasers. This book reviews the progress made in visible and UV multiphoton spectroscopy, including the characteristic properties of multiphoton transitions. Certain theoretical methods such as the time-dependent perturbation, density matrix, Green's function, and susceptibility methods, can point to multiphoton transitions in a molecular system, beginning from first principles. This text also describes the technique in detecting two- or three-photon absorption by multiphoton ionization of molecules. A type of optical mass spectroscopy combining spectroscopic information derived from multiphoton absorption with mass spectrometric information has provided interesting results. This book also discusses the polarization behavior of two-photon absorption processes of molecules. Monson, McClain, and Nascimento have investigated the polarization dependence of the two-photon absorption cross section of randomly oriented, nonrotating molecules. his text also presents the spectroscopic results of excited states confirmed when the multiphoton techniques is applied, as well as some experimental and theoretical approaches related to multiphoton spectroscopy of molecules. Nuclear scientists and physicists, atomic researchers, molecular physicists, and academicians in the field of quantum mechanics or physical chemistry will greatly appreciate the book.

  • Chemistry

    Imagination and Implication
    • 1st Edition
    • A. Truman Schwartz
    • English
    Chemistry: Imagination and Implication focuses on the importance and impact of chemistry on daily living. This book discusses the essential concepts of chemistry and its application. Organized into 16 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the experimental facts, principles, and methods of chemistry as an aid in exercising intelligent and informed judgment in instances where controversy surrounds the interaction of chemistry with society or the individual. This text then explores the practical arts of metallurgy, which achieved a considerable degree of sophistication long before they were scientifically understood. The reader is then introduced to the atomic concept, the conservation of mass, as well as to the substances that constitute the living things. Other chapters consider the polymerization of amino acids into peptides and proteins. The final chapter examines the various applications of radioactive isotopes produced in particle accelerators. This book is intended for students and teachers who are involved in a chemistry course.

  • Radiationless Transitions

    • 1st Edition
    • Sheng Lin
    • English
    Radiationless Transitions is a critical discussion of research studies on the theory and experiments in radiationless transitions. This book is composed of nine chapters, and begins with discussions on the theory and experiment of photophysical processes of single vibronic levels and/or single rovibronic levels. The subsequent chapters deal with the spectroscopic investigations of intramolecular vibrational relaxation; the dynamics of molecular excitation by light; and the photophysical processes of small molecules in condensed phase. The discussions then shift to the high pressure effects on molecular luminescence and the internal conversion involving localized excitations, presenting one qualitative and one quantitative example, as well as the intersystem crossing with localized excitations. A chapter explores the energy transfer processes that occur after a molecule in solution is excited by light, with an emphasis on solid solutions in which the large amplitude molecular motion is largely quenched. This chapter also looks into the liquid solutions in which the molecules can translate and rotate under the influence of fluctuating forces from the liquid. The concluding chapter focuses on ultrafast processes. Researchers in the fields of physics, chemistry, and biology will benefit from this book.

  • Handbook of Infrared and Raman Spectra of Inorganic Compounds and Organic Salts

    Infrared Spectra of Inorganic Compounds
    • 1st Edition
    • Richard A. Nyquist + 1 more
    • English
    Infrared Spectra of Inorganic Compounds is a comprehensive compendium of reference infrared spectra and empirical spectra-structure correlations of inorganic compounds in the solid phase. The majority of these compounds are (powdered) crystalline solids in which the crystallographic unit cell may contain several polyatomic ions or molecules. This book begins with an overview of the use of infrared spectroscopy in the identification of inorganic compounds. The experimental procedures for scanning the mid-infrared spectra are then described. The spectra are arranged to bring together compounds containing similar anions, in order to facilitate recognition of characteristic group frequencies. The arrangement is based on the position in the periodic table of the central atom in the anion. Two indices are provided, the first containing compounds as they appear in the book in numerical sequence, and the second arranged alphabetically by anion. Characteristic infrared frequencies and band intensities of the different anions are summarized, along with frequency assignments for the fundamental vibrations of complex anions taken from the literature. This monograph should be useful to physicists and inorganic chemists.

  • The Actinides: Electronic Structure and Related Properties

    • 1st Edition
    • A.J. Freeman
    • English
    The Actinides: Electronic Structure and Related Properties, Volume I reviews major advances that have been made concerning the electronic structure and properties of actinide elements, alloys, and compounds. The electronic energy band structure and magnetic properties of the actinides are examined, and results of hyperfine and neutron scattering studies are presented. Comprised of six chapters, this book opens with a historical introduction to actinide research followed by a chapter on crystal field theory that discusses the behavior of 5f electrons in actinide compounds when exposed to strong crystal-field interactions, with emphasis on the strong intra-atomic correlation between electrons. The following chapters discuss the electronic energy band structure of the actinide metals, as derived from energy band theory; the magnetic properties of the actinide compounds in relation to their electronic structure; and the microscopic electronic properties of actinide metals and compounds obtained from nuclear magnetic resonance and neutron scattering studies. The final chapter summarizes the unique contribution by slow neutron-scattering experiments. This volume will be useful to scientists involved in work on the actinides as well as newcomers in the field.

  • Free Radical Telomerization

    • 1st Edition
    • Charles Starks
    • English
    Free Radical Telomerization focuses on the scattered theory, experimental work, and technology of free radical telomerization. This book begins by discussing the theory and general features of telomerization, free radical reactivities, and kinetics, followed by a systematic catalog of the chemistry and quantitative behavior of individual telogens. This text concludes with a presentation on cotelomerization. The telomerization reactions mediated by species other than free radicals are not covered. Other topics include the catalysis of chain transfer with transition metal salts, abstraction chain transfer activity of halo compounds, radical rearrangements during telomerization, and phosphorus compounds as telogens. This publication is recommended for chemists interested in free radical telomerization.

  • The Organic Chemistry of Iron Pt 1

    • 1st Edition
    • Ernst A. Koerner Von Gustorf
    • English
    The Organic Chemistry of Iron, Volume 1 covers the structures and bonding and the applications of a variety of physical techniques to organo-iron compounds, optically active compounds, as well as chapters on ?-bonded, ?2-, ?3-, and ?4-organo-iron compounds. The book discusses the structure and bonding in organic iron compounds; NMR spectroscopy of organoiron compounds; and mass spectra. The text also describes Mössbauer spectroscopy; magnetic properties; electron paramagnetic resonance; and optical activity of iron. Compounds with iron-carbon?-bonds; monoolefin iron complexes; allyl iron complexes; and diene iron complexes are also considered. The stabilization of unstable species with carbonyliron is also encompassed.

  • Reactive Free Radicals

    • 1st Edition
    • J Hay
    • English
    Reactive Free Radicals deals with the chemistry of reactive free radicals. The initial premise is that the reactivity of a free radical depends upon its shape and therefore upon the character of the orbital(s) containing the unpaired electron. Based on this premise, a possible explanation for some of the fascinating phenomena observed in a number of free radical reactions such as combustion and pyrolysis is offered. This book is comprised of five chapters and begins with a brief overview of the chemistry of free radicals, what they are and how they are formed, and their structure and reactivity. The emphasis is on those characteristics of free radicals attributable directly to the unpaired electron function. The reader is then introduced to the techniques used for the determination of the structure of free radicals, including electron spin resonance spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and infrared spectroscopy. Subsequent chapters focus on bond dissociation energies and some of the complications arising from polar and non-polar effects in free radical reactions. This monograph should serve as a valuable reference for organic chemists as well as undergraduate and graduate students of organic chemistry.

  • Combustion

    • 1st Edition
    • Irvin Glassman
    • English
    Combustion deals with the underlying principles of combustion and covers topics ranging from chemical thermodynamics and chemical kinetics to detonation, oxidation characteristics of fuels, and flame phenomena in premixed combustible gases. Diffusion flames, ignition, and coal combustion are also discussed. This book consists of nine chapters and begins by introducing the reader to heats of reaction and formation, free energy, the equilibrium constant, and flame temperature calculations. The next chapter explores the rates of reactions and their temperature dependency; simultaneous interdependent and chain reactions; pseudo-first-order reactions; and pressure effect in fractional conversion. The explosion limits and oxidation characteristics of fuels such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons are also considered. The remaining chapters look at the laminar flame speed and stability limits of laminar flames, along with deflagration and detonation, burning in convective atmospheres, and the theory of thermal ignition. The final chapter is devoted to the burning of coal. This monograph will be a useful resource for students and teachers of physics.

  • Frontiers of Free Radical Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • William Pryor
    • English
    Frontiers of Free Radical Chemistry covers the proceedings of the 1979 symposium on Frontiers of Free Radical Chemistry, held in Louisiana State University Chemistry Department, supported by the Exxon Education Foundation. The contributors discuss the mechanisms of hydrocarbon cracking; oxidation processes; inhibition; and the theory of organic radical reactions, halogenations, and organic peroxide chemistry. This book is organized into three parts encompassing 15 chapters. Part I deals with the understanding of molecular and free radical mechanisms in predicting thermochemical data for radicals and molecules. This part also describes the relationship between distortions of organic molecules and the reactions of pericyclic, ionic, and radical molecules. Part II presents quantitative evaluations of gas phase reactions or carbynes and hydrocarbon pyrolysis and cracking. Discussions on the reactions of free atoms and radicals in the chemistry of the stratosphere and natural troposphere, with an emphasis on the ozone layer and its potential depletion by artificial pollutants, are included in this part. Part III explores the pertinent free radical reactions related to fuel research. Petroleum chemists, researchers, and engineers will find this book invaluable.

  • Ozonation in Organic Chemistry V1

    • 1st Edition
    • Philip S. Bailey
    • English
    Ozonation in Organic chemistry, Volume I: Olefinic Compounds covers the historical background of ozone reactions with organic substances and the mechanisms of these reactions. Composed of 12 chapters, this book first deals with the development of the available theory of all ozone reactions, such as the Harries and Staudinger theories, particularly the Criegee mechanism of ozonolysis. This text then describes the step-by-step mechanism of the classical ozonolysis reaction of olefins and how it evolved. Considerable chapters are devoted to the reactions that compete with ozonolysis, such as epoxidation and other partial cleavage reactions. Both liquid- and gas-phase ozone reactions are explored in other chapters. This volume will appeal to those who are interested in exploring the frontiers of ozone-organic chemistry.

  • Microchemistry

    Spectroscopy and Chemistry in Small Domains
    • 1st Edition
    • H. Masuhara + 3 more
    • English
    Microchemistry is an interdisciplinary area in which relevant results are presented and published in a range of fields including spectroscopy, optics, applied physics, electrochemistry and polymer science. This volume collects for the first time all the latest research and results and classifies them into five parts. Optical micromanipulation and creation, microfabrication and functionalization and dynamic microspectroscopy are novel methodologies for microchemistry where exploratory ideas and future perspectives are included. Microphotochemistry and microelectrochemistr... and microphotoconversion are concerned with the relaxation dynamics and chemical reactions in small domains. This comprehensive, up-to-date review of the field will be of great interest to scientists and students working in these areas.

  • High Temperature Vapors

    Science and Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • John Hastie
    • English
    High Temperature Vapors: Science and Technology focuses on the relationship of the basic science of high-temperature vapors to some areas of discernible practical importance in modern science and technology. The major high-temperature problem areas selected for discussion include chemical vapor transport and deposition; the vapor phase aspects of corrosion, combustion, and energy systems; and extraterrestrial high-temperature species. This book is comprised of seven chapters and begins with an introduction to the nature of the high-temperature vapor state, the scope and literature of high-temperature vapor-phase chemistry, and the role of high-temperature vapors in materials science. The discussion then turns to gas-solid reactions with vapor products; chemical vapor transport and deposition; vapor-phase aspects of corrosion at high temperature; and flames and combustion. High-temperature vapor-phase processes associated with gas turbine systems are also considered. The final chapter is devoted to the chemistry of high-temperature species in space. This monograph should serve as a valuable reference for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as scientists in fields such as chemistry, physics, materials science, and metallurgy.

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