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Elsevier

Books in Agricultural and biological sciences

The Agricultural and Biological Sciences collection advances science-based knowledge for the improvement of animal and plant life and for secure food systems that produce nutritious, novel, sustainable foods with minimal environmental impact. Food Science titles include not only those products from agriculture but all other aspects from food production to nutrition, health and safety, chemistry to security, policy, law and regulation. Biological Sciences address animal behaviour and biodiversity, organismal and evolutionary biology, entomology, marine biology and aquaculture, plant science and forestry.

  • Social Play in Primates

    • 1st Edition
    • Euclid Smith
    • English
    Social Play in Primates provides comprehensive discussions on the social aspect of play in the behavior of primates. It also presents various approaches in understanding the complex behavioral phenomenon of play. Composed of 11 chapters, the book starts by discussing the historical background of play. It also traces the development of the interest in the study of play from the writings of Aristotle, through educational reformers of the 17th and 18th centuries, to the psychologists of the 19th and early 20th centuries. The book then presents important data on the effects of gonadectomy on social play in group-living rhesus monkeys. It also presents a comparative study about the play behavior of three of the four great ape species. Furthermore, it offers a view of the function of play in primate society. Finally, the book examines play in young humans by citing some significant information on the nature of peer- vs. adult-oriented early social experience. The book concludes by presenting both the theoretical and methodological aspects on the study of play.

  • Evapotranspiration from Plant Communities

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 13
    • M.L. Sharma
    • English
    A change in land use has been found to alter the components of the hydrological cycle through its effects on evapotranspiration. This influences planning and management of water resources. The Workshop, from which this volume was derived, was organized in this context to discuss processes and techniques relevant to estimating evapotranspiration of communities ranging from agricultural to forested lands. Its objectives were to provide a forum for exchange of ideas, to gather up-to-date information on the state of the art, and to identify priority areas for future research.The eighteen papers in this volume have been selected from those presented at the Workshop on the basis of technical quality and subject matter coverage and result in a valuable contribution to our current understanding of evapotranspiration.

  • The Structure and Function of Nervous Tissue V5

    Structure III and Physiology III
    • 1st Edition
    • Geoffrey Bourne
    • English
    The Structure and Function of Nervous Tissue, Volume V: Structure III and Physiology III covers topics relating to nerve growth factor (NGF), neuroglia, central myelinated axon, adrenal medulla, and saccus vasculosus of the nervous system. The book begins with the physicochemical properties of the NGF molecule, followed by the neuroglial participation in the removal of debris from damaged central nervous system (CNS). It discusses the regional distribution and biochemical characteristics of two steroid-binding systems, one for estradiol and the other for corticosterone. It also presents studies on “split-brain”, an expression coined by Sperry (1961) to characterize an organism whose brain has been partially divided into two by surgical transection of the commissural fibers crossing the midline, in lower vertebrates, mammals, and primates. The book ends with electrophysiological studies of learning in simplified nervous system preparations. This book serves as a reference work for graduate students in a variety of disciplines and for those specializing in particular aspects of nervous tissue study.

  • Electrons to Tissues V1

    • 1st Edition
    • P Dutton
    • English
    Frontiers of Biological Energetics, Volume I: Electrons to Tissues consists of papers presented at the 1978 International Symposium on ""Frontiers of Biological Energetics: Electrons to Tissues,"" held at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, on the occasion of the 65th birthday of Professor Britton Chance and of the 50th anniversary of the Johnson Research Foundation. The symposium aims to bring together scientists from many different disciplines to discuss the common problems of biological energetic from different standpoints and from various levels of cellular organization. Organized into three parts, the book begins with a discussion on the electrochemical interactions. It then continues to describe the electrons, protons, and energy. Lastly, the book presents new instrumental approaches to cellular biophysics.

  • Anaerobic Infections in Humans

    • 1st Edition
    • Sydney Finegold
    • English
    Anaerobic Infections in Humans focuses on the human diseases caused by anaerobic bacteria. This book acknowledges the depth and breadth of the role of anaerobes in diseases of humans, and provides comprehensive reviews by internationally recognized authorities on the various disease states. The book begins with the classification and taxonomy of anaerobes and the laboratory diagnosis and therapy of anaerobic infections in humans. Infection of different body parts are discussed separately in each chapter. The book also looks into the in vitro susceptibility data for anaerobic bacteria and the mechanisms of resistance and resistance transfer in anaerobic bacteria.

  • Chemicals Controlling Insect Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Morton Beroza
    • English
    Chemicals Controlling Insect Behavior consists of papers originally presented at the Symposium on Chemicals Controlling Insect Behavior at the 157th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on April 16, 1969. Organized into seven chapters, this book presents information on insect pheromones, insect defense mechanisms, and other insect attractants and repellent. It specifically describes the sex pheromones of the Lepidoptera, the attractant pheromones of Coleoptera, and the boll weevil sex attractant. The chemical basis of insect sociality and arthropod defensive secretions are also explained. Lastly, the practice in programs within the USDA relating toinsect attractants and repellents is discussed. This book will serve as groundwork for even greater and more rapid progress in this field of interest. It will be useful to chemists, biochemists, biologists, entomologists, and others working to control insect pests.

  • Diseases of Sugarcane

    Major Diseases
    • 1st Edition
    • C. Ricaud + 3 more
    • English
    An extensive volume of Sugarcane Diseases and their World Distribution (Vol. I) was published by Elsevier under the auspices of the International Society of Sugar Cane Technologists in 1961. The present volume was intended to be a new edition of the book, but so many changes were required that a new book was needed. Only three chapters have been kept with slight amendments. The other chapters have been completely re-written. In fact with changes in importance of major diseases, four diseases previously treated have been left out; on the other hand, three new topics have been included in the new book, two new diseases and a chapter on sugarcane quarantine.The first chapter gives a brief account of the anatomy, morphology and physiology of the sugarcane plant to facilitate terminology and especially for a better appreciation of the effect of disease on the growth of the crop. Diseases are extensively treated as in Volume I, with a very good description of their symptoms and variation under different conditions and severity, all well illustrated by black and white figures and in a set of colour plates at the end of the book which will prove of valuable help for identification. The causal agents of the diseases are described giving synonyms, cultural characteristics, isolation methods and present knowledge on race variation, an aspect on which there has been quite an advance in knowledge since Volume I was published. New techniques of diagnosis are also given. Advances in research on the diseases over the last 25 years are well covered and supported by an extensive bibliography at the end of each chapter.The book has been edited by people having first hand experience in the field and in research on these diseases. Authors have been selected from among the most knowledgeable all over the sugar cane world, especially with due regard to the importance of the different diseases in their countries.The book should prove of immense value to those concerned with practical aspects of plant disease control in the field: pathologists, agronomists and crop specialists, including consultants, to those concerned with quarantine of the crop, for university lectures and students, and research scientists.In a pre-publication review D.J. Heinz and S.A. Ferreira of the Hawaiian Sugar Planters' Association stated: ``Much has changed and new information generated since the original version of this book was published in 1961. This new edition incorporates most of it, providing both the laboratory and field sugarcane pathologist a complete and authoritative guide to the major sugarcane diseases of the world. It is the best single book available on sugarcane diseases.''

  • Inulin and Inulin-containing Crops

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • A. Fuchs
    • English
    The topics dealt with in this book cover a broad range of disciplines, such as agronomy and processing; analysis; chemistry and non-food applications; biochemistry; microbiology and molecular biology; and food and medical applications. Although emphasis is put on inulin and inulin-containing crops, the scope of the book is much wider, encompassing other fructans and fructan-containing plants, and even microorganisms producing and/or degrading fructans. It also deals with the possibiltiy of inulin-containing crops as alternatives in agricultural practice.This volume is recommended to those working in such diverse fields as agronomy and process technology, food science, analytical and organic chemistry, biochemistry, biology, microbiology and molecular biology, and medical sciences, as well as to industries involved in the research and development of carbohydrate-based novel chemicals.

  • Microbial Technology

    Microbial Processes
    • 2nd Edition
    • D. Perlman
    • English
    Microbial Technology: Microbial Processes, Volume 1, describes the production and uses of economic bacteria, yeast, molds, and viruses, and reviews the technologies associated with products of microbial metabolism. It is part of a two-volume set that emerged from a worldwide survey of industrial microbiology and its contributions to agriculture, industry, medicine, and environmental control. The book contains 17 chapters that cover the development of bioinsecticides and the large-scale bioprocessing of concentrated lactic acid bacteria with emphasis on the commercial use of the resulting culture. It includes discussions of the production of single-cell protein for use in food or feed; production of yeasts and yeast products; production of butanol-acetone by fermentation; microbial production of amino acids; microbial production of antibiotics; production of microbial enzymes; microbial production of nucleosides; and production of organic acids by fermentation nucleotides. The remaining chapters cover plant cell suspension cultures and their biosynthetic potential; polysaccharides; microbial transformation of steroids and sterols; the production of vitamin B12; microbial process for riboflavin production; and the production of carotenoids.

  • Morphology, Anatomy, Taxonomy, and Ecology

    • 1st Edition
    • B Zuckerman
    • English
    Plant Parasitic Nematodes, Volume 1: Morphology, Anatomy, Taxonomy, and Ecology is a masterful reference work in nematology that also includes information about ultrastructure, enzymology, and chemistry of body composition; culturing; virus transmission; biological races; and nature of plant resistance. This volume includes a discussion of the history and development of plant nematology, the status of research on this field, and information pertaining to professional societies and publications. It also discusses nematode morphology, anatomy, taxonomy, and ecology, including the origin of plant nematodes and population dynamics. It features drawing examples of free-living and animal parasitic nematodes. This treatise is written to provide an up-to-date reference source for students, lecturers, and research professionals in plant parasitology, specifically nematology, and related fields.

  • Taigu Genic Male-Sterile Wheat

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 9
    • Deng Deng Jingyang
    • English
    This book deals with the theoretical background and breeding methods of the single dominant male sterile gene, a spontaneous mutant discovered for the first time in wheat.The book is divided into three sections: the discovery of Taigu genic male-sterile wheat and its determination, such as genetic analysis, cytological observation, location of the gene, etc.; theory and method of the new way of breeding, such as recurrent selection, creating and developing the gene-pool; mechanism of male-sterility, for example morphological anatomy, cytochemistry and bio-chemical analysis.The book will prove valuable to plant breeders, agronomists, bio-technicians, botonists, geneticists and cytologists.

  • Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs V2

    Biology 1
    • 1st Edition
    • O.A. Jones
    • English
    Biology and Geology of Coral Reefs, Volume II: Biology 1 discusses the major advances made in the biological aspects of coral reef problems. This book is organized into 12 chapters that cover the microbial aspects of coral reefs, the nutrition in corals, and diversity in coral reefs. The opening chapters describe the distribution and role of coral reef microorganisms, as well as the significance of bacterioplankton as a food source for the marine fauna of coral reefs. The following chapter discusses the occurrence of algae in coral reef, their competition with corals for space, and their role in reef construction. Other chapters deal with food and feeding mechanisms of corals, the role of marine antibiotics in coral reef ecology, and some chemical compounds isolated from coral reef organisms, providing evidence for marine pharmacologic activity in coral reef areas. The book also discusses some basic problems relating to the distribution and abundance of hermatypic corals on reefs. It then examines species diversity on coral reefs, variety of reef structure, and the important role of toxic materials produced by holothurians on the general ecology and physiology of coral reefs. The last chapters describe the development, feeding, and behavior of the larval stages of several coral reef asteroids. Particular emphasis is given to the larval and post-larval stages of the crown-of-thorns starfish, Acanthaster planci. The starfish population explosions, the devastating effects on the hard coral cover of coral reefs, and causes and control of population explosions are also covered. This volume will acquaint readers with some of the exciting developments in coral reef biology and will provide information that will enable them to assess the status of research in different fields.

  • Mineral Nitrogen In The Plant-Soil System

    • 1st Edition
    • R Haynes
    • English
    Mineral Nitrogen in the Plant-Soil System provides integrated accounts of the transformations and fate of mineral nitrogen in the plant-soil system. This book emphasizes the understanding of various processes and the factors that affect these processes. It also focuses on the role of biological nitrogen fixation in nitrogen cycling in natural and agricultural systems. The book is divided into seven major chapters and each chapter is further subdivided into various subtopics. The first chapter introduces and outlines the origin, distribution, and cycling of nitrogen in natural and agricultural terrestrial ecosystems. Chapter 2 focuses on the processes of decomposition and mineralization-immob... turnover. The processes of nitrification are discussed in detail in Chapter 3. The following four chapters discuss topics of retention and movement of nitrogen in soils; gaseous losses of nitrogen; uptake and assimilation of mineral nitrogen by plants; and lastly, the use of nitrogen in agronomic practice. The book will be invaluable to graduate students and researchers in the field of agriculture. This will also cater other parties interested, such as agronomists, soil scientists, plant physiologists, horticulturists, and foresters.

  • Foundations of Bioenergetics

    • 1st Edition
    • Harold Morowitz
    • English
    Foundations of Bioenergetics provides an introduction to the physical foundations of bioenergetics and the methods of applying these constructs to biological problems. It combines parts of thermal physics, biochemistry, ecology, and cellular and organismic biology into a single coherent work. Much of the material in this volume comes from ""Entropy for Biologists,"" an introductory thermodynamics book aimed particularly at life scientists. Some of the topics originally appeared in the monograph ""Energy Flow in Biology."" The current volume expands on that material with respect to biological applications and attempts to bridge the gap between physics and biology. The book explains basic concepts such as energy, temperature, the second law of thermodynamics, entropy, information theory, and statistical mechanics. It discusses the relations between thermodynamics and statistical mechanics, free-energy functions, radiant energy, the free energy of cells and tissue, chemical kinetics, and cyclic flows. It examines the relationships between energy flows and biological processes; applications of the concepts of Gibbs free energy, chemical potential, and activity; and measurements of temperature, energy, and thermochemical quantities. The book also includes chapters that deal with irreversible dynamics, irreversible theory, and osmotic flow.

  • Physiological Mechanisms Of Marine Pollutant Toxicity

    • 1st Edition
    • Winona Vernberg
    • English
    Physiological Mechanisms of Marine Pollutant Toxicity contains the proceedings of a symposium on ""Pollution and Marine Organisms"" held at the University of South Carolina in Columbia, South Carolina, on November 30 to December 3, 1981. It explores the effects of pollutants, such as petroleum hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and pesticides, on the physiology of marine organisms, along with the functional aspects of detoxification and the environmental health implications of pollution. Organized into three sections encompassing 24 chapters, this volume begins with a discussion of subcellular accumulation and detoxification of metals in aquatic animals such as fishes, crabs, and polychaetes. The reader is then introduced to the physiological mechanisms of pollutant toxicity, including the sublethal effects of pollutants on the gill morphology of the scallop, Placopecten magellanicus; mechanisms underlying the tolerance of killifish embryos to heavy metals; increased sensitivity of smolts in seawater to petroleum hydrocarbons, such as toluene and naphthalene; and physiological effects of sublethal concentrations of benzene and dimethylnaphthalene on blue crab juveniles. The book concludes by outlining research directions for linking cause and effect concerning pollution and marine organisms. This book will be a valuable resource for marine scientists, ecologists, and students.

  • Chemical Zoology V5

    Arthropoda Part A
    • 1st Edition
    • Marcel Florkin
    • English
    Chemical Zoology Volume V Arthropoda Part A presents chemical information on zoological importance of Arthropoda. It is composed of 12 chapters that cover anatomy, feeding, and digestion; carbohydrate, nitrogen, and lipid metabolism; osmoregulation; and growth and development. After briefly dealing with general characteristics, evolution and classification of Arthropoda, the book discusses arthropod nutrition and the nutrients needed for their growth and development. It describes the unique features of the digestive system, as well as secretion, resorption, and production of digestive juices of arthropods and crustaceans. Other chapters deal with the aspects and dynamics of arthropods' carbohydrate, lipid, and nitrogen metabolism. The book also describes the mechanism of osmotic regulation in aquatic arthropods and the role of amino acids in this function in insect hemolyph. The concluding chapters discuss some of the metabolic changes as related to tissue growth and an increase in body size in arthropods. This book is an invaluable resource for zoologists and biochemists.

  • Proteins and Nucleic Acids

    • 1st Edition
    • Isidore Gersh
    • English
    Submicroscopic Cytochemistry, Volume I: Proteins and Nucleic Acids presents laboratory findings and theoretical aspects involved or derived from submicroscopic cytochemistry study of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a two-volume book, encompassing 14 chapters covering three major topics: the pattern of distribution of nucleic acids at the molecular level in various cells and states of activity and in relation to protein synthesis; the molecular and macromolecular organization of cellular membranes; and the origin and distribution of the major macromolecular aggregates of connective tissue. After a brief introduction to the aspects of submicroscopic cytochemistry, the book discusses morphology, with emphasis on the distribution of cell components and their organization in cells at the macromolecular level. It then presents developed methods to preserve and selectively identify proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, acid mucopolysaccharides, and molecular aggregates very nearly in the position they occupied in the living state. Chapters 8 to 12 describe DNA molecular patterns during cell differentiation and cell maturation, and the alteration of these patterns in certain mouse cells. A discussion on DNA molecular patterns during metaplasia of stratified squamous mouse epithelium and of spinal ganglion cells during regeneration is provided. The concluding chapters examine DNA organization during mitotic cycle in Drosophila eggs and the persistence of chromosome individuality during interphase. This book is a valuable source of information for cytochemists, cell biologists, cell researchers, and protein nucleic acid enthusiasts who wish to expand their knowledge on comprehensive cytochemistry laboratory study.

  • Tree Crop Physiology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 18
    • A.S. Raghavendra + 1 more
    • English
    This book is the result of a recommendation from the plenary session of ``TREE-PHYSINDIA-82'... an international symposium held at the Rubber Research Institute of India, Kottayam, that a publication be brought out presenting information on the methodology adopted for various physiological studies in tree crops. Containing reviews on general physiology as well as detailed information on certain selected tree crops, the choice of topics emphasizes many aspects of tree physiology. The contributed articles in Part A provide an insight into different approaches to studying the physiology of tree crops, with an emphasis on methodology. Part B provides case-histories of physiological investigations on selected economically important tropical tree crops. The volume will provide a valuable source of information and stimulus to scientists involved in the work of tree physiology.

  • Developmental Regulation

    Aspects of Cell Differentiation
    • 1st Edition
    • Stuart Coward
    • English
    Developmental Regulation: Aspects of Cell Differentiation draws together some studies which are directed toward the orderly changes in cell phenotypes that are understood to be developmental in nature. Organized into nine chapters, the book begins with a concise overview of the studies on molecular synthesis during early development. It then addresses the developmental regulation in cotton seed embryogenesis and germination; relation of hormonal regulation to the possible control of RNA and protein biosynthesis; transitions in differentiation by the cellular slime molds; and interrelationships of genes, enzymes, structures, and phenotypes in morphogenesis. It also explains the colony differentiation in green algae; cytology of developing vertebrate skeletal muscle; some comparative aspects of cardiac and skeletal myogenesis; and differentiation of cartilage in the limb.

  • The Psychobiology of Attachment and Separation

    • 1st Edition
    • Martin Reite
    • English
    The Psychobiology of Attachment and Separation provides an understanding of certain theoretical issues involved in social attachment and separation. The book brings together a number of investigators studying animal and human models of the psychobiology of attachment and separation. The contributors are actively conducting studies that incorporate physiological measures in attachment-separatio... paradigms. Thus, the book's unique features include reviews and interpretations of recent data on the physiological correlates of attachment and separation behavior in both animals and humans. The book is divided into two parts, one on animal models and one on human models. The first part reviews research from several animal species, including studies on the biology of maternal behavior and physiological, neurochemical, and neuroanatomical correlates of both attachment and separation. The chapters on animal models provide an overview of the state of knowledge on both the biology of social attachment and the biological correlates of separation. The second part presents reviews and new data on attachment and separation in human infants. A summary chapter examines both animal and human data and offers a synthesis of the results, including clinical implications and ideas for future research.

  • Antibody Production in Man

    In Vitro Synthesis and Clinical Implications
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony S. Fauci
    • English
    Antibody Production in Man: In Vitro Synthesis and Clinical Implications is composed of the proceedings of the Catharijne Conference on immunology held in Utrecht, Holland on March 15-18, 1978. The conference focuses on the in vitro induction and regulation of immunoglobulin and antibody synthesis by human lymphocytes. It aims to present, analyze, exchange, and criticize data among the different investigators and to attempt to resolve apparent inconsistencies and contradictions. The book first discusses the mitogen- and antigen-induced B-cell activation. It then explains the subpopulations of lymphocytes involved in the regulation of in vitro B-cell function and the clinical implications in the study of in vitro B-cell function. This book reflects the stimulation as well as the frustration during the workshop. It will serve as a small force and focus of direction in this most interesting, complex, and relevant area of human immunobiology.

  • Biology Control in Agriculture IPM System

    • 1st Edition
    • Marjorie Hoy
    • English
    Biological Control in Agricultural IPM Systems covers the proceedings of the 1984 symposium on Biological Control in Agricultural IPM Systems, held in the Citrus Research and Education Center of the University of Florida at Lake Alfred. The symposium summarizes the status and practical use of biological control in agricultural integrated pest management (IPM) systems in the United States. The book is organized into seven parts encompassing 31 chapters that cover the biological control of arthropods, weeds, plant pathogens, and nematodes. After briefly discussing the status and issues of biological control in IPM, the book deals with the basic principles of IPM programs and their related costs, risks, and benefits in biological control. The text also describes the compatibility of plant resistance with biological control of arthropods and the chemical mediated host or prey selection behaviors of entomophagous insects attacking herbivorous insect pests. It explains the development of microbial insecticides; the genetic improvement of insect pathogens; the use of entomogenous nematodes in cryptic and soil habitats; and the techniques for integrating the influences of natural enemies into models of crop/pest systems. The fourth part of the book focuses on the biological control of weeds. The following part considers the general concepts relating to the unique characteristics of plant diseases affecting aerial plant parts. This part also examines the biological control of soil plant pathogens in IPM systems and the use of soilborne viruses, bacteriocins, and hypovirulent strains of fungi as biological control agents. The concluding parts describe the biological control of nematodes and the status and limits to biological control in selected commodity IPM systems, such as citrus, grapes, alfalfa, cotton, and soybean. Entomologists, plant pathologists, weed scientists, nematologists, toxicologists, and economists will find this book invaluable.

  • Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates V3

    Annelids and Echiurans
    • 1st Edition
    • Arthur Giese
    • English
    Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates, Volume III: Annelids and Echiurans illustrates the importance of annelids and echiurans in the evolution of reproductive mechanisms and in the ecology of the sea. It discusses the asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction capacity, and developmental stages of specific annelids, such as polychaeta and clitellata, and of echiurans. The annelids appear to be midway forms in the evolutionary progression of the metazoans. The echiurans, with close affinities to the annelids, are organisms that have become increasingly important for researches in developmental biology. The book will be helpful to marine scientists and biologists, reproduction researchers, and developmental biologists.

  • Fundamentals of Weed Science

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Zimdahl
    • English
    Fundamentals of Weed Science provides an introduction to the basic principles of weed science for undergraduate courses. It discusses several aspects of weed biology and control, and traces the history of herbicide development. The book begins with an introduction to weeds, covering their definition, characteristics, harmful aspects, and the cost of weed control. This is followed chapters on weed classification, the uses of weeds, weed biology, weed ecology, allelopathy, the significance of plant competition, weed management and control methods, and biological weed control. Later chapters deal with herbicidesthe most important weed control tools and the ones with the greatest potential for untoward effects. Students of weed science must understand herbicides and the factors governing their use as well as the potential for misuse. These chapters discuss chemical weed control, the properties and uses of herbicides, factors affecting herbicide performance, herbicide application, herbicide formulation, ecological impact of herbicides, pesticide registration and legislation, weed management systems, and the future of weed science.

  • Selected Papers in Molecular Biology by Jacques Monod

    • 1st Edition
    • Agnes Ullmann
    • English
    Selected Papers in Molecular Biology by Jacques Monod describes the career of a scientist embarking on an uninterrupted journey of great discoveries leading to new concepts and perspectives. This book contains papers written in French or English by Monod and his collaborators. Jacques Monod has dominated a scientific field with his insight and vision. He has seen the direction that future research work will lead to, and so, reaches his goal. Monod is a brilliant scientist and the founder of a renowned school. With a talent to judge the potential of students and young scientists, as well as the ability to evaluate the various aspects of their personalities, Monod has successfully provided his students the projects and challenges that cater most to their interests and gifts. The projects he considers for his students are both productive and solvable challenges. Jacques Monod is generous, and loves both his students and collaborators. This book will be of interest to historians, biographers, academe, and to the general scientific community.

  • Forest Amelioration

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 14
    • O. Riedl + 1 more
    • English
    This book is primarily addressed to workers engaged in water management and forest husbandry. It provides an overview of the problems and describes biological and engineering measures designed to improve drainage conditions in small catchment areas, protect forest land against erosion, control torrential flows, regulate the water economy of forest soils, and improve the microclimatic conditions.The thirteen chapters not only provide the reader with all the essential theoretical information, but are also supplemented by practical examples indicating solutions to typical situations. In addition, numerous diagrams and photographs are included to illustrate both theoretical considerations and the practical solutions, and several tables are added to facilitate actual computations.

  • Quality Control in the Food Industry V1

    • 1st Edition
    • S Herschdoerfer
    • English
    Quality Control in the Food Industry, Volume 1 focuses on the general aspects of quality control in the food industry, emphasizing the controllable factors that affect the quality of the finished product, including the selection of raw materials, processing methods, packaging, storage, and distribution. The book describes the principles of quality control and some important concepts such as sensory assessment and statistical approaches, along with food standards and health problems in quality control. This volume is organized into six chapters and begins with an overview of the application, organization, related problems, techniques, and prospects of quality control. The next chapters focus on the chemical and microbiological aspects of health problems in quality control; fundamental concepts in statistics as applied to quality control from sampling to the estimation of ingredients; and taste testing as an approach to quality control of processed foods. The book concludes by considering the importance, limitations, and problems associated with food standards, with special reference to their international aspects. This book will be of interest to food scientists and technologists, managers in the food industry, and students.

  • Biological Oscillators: Their Mathematical Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Theodosios Pavlidis
    • English
    Biological Oscillators: Their Mathematical Analysis introduces the main features of the dynamic properties of biological oscillators and the mathematical techniques necessary for their investigation. It is not a comprehensive description of all known biological oscillators, since this would require a much bigger volume as well as a different type of expertise. Instead certain classes of biological oscillators are described, and then only in as much detail as required for the study of their dynamics. The opening chapter reviews fundamental mathematical concepts and techniques which will be used in the remainder of the book. These include phase plane techniques; asymptotic techniques of Krylov, Bogoliubov, and Mitopolski; and the describing function. Subsequent chapters discuss examples of biological oscillators; phase shifts and phase response curves; the entrainment of oscillators by external inputs; the dynamics of circadian oscillators; effects of changing environment on the dynamics of biological oscillators; the features peculiar to populations of interacting oscillators; and biological phenomena attributable to populations of oscillators.

  • Photosynthesis V2

    Development, Carbon Metabolism, and Plant Productivity
    • 1st Edition
    • Govindjee
    • English
    Photosynthesis, Volume II: Development, Carbon Metabolism, and Plant Productivity provides a basic understanding of photosynthesis. This book also explains how to manipulate photosynthesis and improve the overall rate of photosynthesis of a single plant. It focuses on the use of NADPH and ATP in bicarbonate fixation. Comprise of 16 chapters, this book covers topics beginning with the concept of photosynthesis. It further discusses manipulating the genetics and molecular biology of the system. In addition, it explains the biogenesis of photosynthetic apparatus, photorespiration, and environmental regulation among others. As the chapters progress, the topics discussed also increase in terms of technical and scientific concepts, as seen in Chapters 10 and 11. These focus on the translocation of photosynthates and leaf and canopy behavior. The application of the knowledge about photosynthesis to plant productivity is also discussed. A chapter is dedicated to it, including various opinions in the said subject matter. Chapters 14 and 15 contain special topics on canopy photosynthesis and yield in soybean, as well as the effect of bicarbonate on photosynthetic electron transport. This book will be a reference source for researchers. It will also be an introductory book for graduate students specializing in plant biology, biophysics, and physiology; agronomy; and botany.

  • Biotic Diversity in Agroecosystems

    • 1st Edition
    • D. Pimentel + 1 more
    • English
    The preservation of biodiversity is a high priority among biologists, ecologists and environmentalists. The impact that human activities have on biodiversity is clear; however, few studies have focused on the importance of biodiversity to natural and agricultural ecosystems. In fact, many natural species are essential to sustainable agricultural programs. A new school of thought is appreciating the ecological principles and benefits that diversity of natural biota have for humans and the environment. Landscape ecology and agroecology can play a major role in protecting the environment and conserving biological diversity. The practical opportunities for improving the sustainability of agriculture and making it more environmentally sound were discussed at the Symposium on Agroecology and Conservation Issues, from which 22 papers were collected for this volume. Strategies for increasing biodiversity in agricultural landscapes are provided alongside discussion that agriculture will continue to spread into forests, to meet the growing need for food. Although humans recognize the value of crop and livestock species, few really appreciate the fact that agriculture and forestry cannot function in a productive sustainable way when significant numbers of species in natural biota are lost.

  • Sea Mammals and Oil: Confronting the Risks

    • 1st Edition
    • Joseph Geraci
    • English
    Sea Mammals and Oil: Confronting the Risks summarizes the effects of spilled petroleum, or “oil”, on five groups of marine mammals, including seals, whales and dolphins, sea otters, polar bears, and manatees. It poses questions concerning the extent of oil spill effects on marine mammals; the vulnerability of each species; and the probable effects to humans, domestic animals, and laboratory animals. After an introduction to the composition and fate of petroleum and spill-treating agents in the marine environment, the book discusses the use of risk assessment and mathematical/compute... models in evaluating the effects of oil in marine mammal populations. Chapters 3 to 11 examine the ecological perspectives, physiologic, and toxic effects of oil on five mammal groups. The effect of oil on their behavior and the detection and avoidance of oil spill are also discussed. With a strong focus on risk assessment, this book is ideal for petroleum chemists and technologists, marine biologists, and veterinary medicine researchers.

  • Trickle Irrigation for Crop Production

    Design, Operation and Management
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 9
    • F.S. Nakayama + 1 more
    • English
    An entirely new agricultural technology, trickle or drip irrigation, began its development in the early 1960's. Initial progress was sporadic even though the advantages in water management with trickle systems were recognized. Operators were reluctant to use the system because of its high initial cost and questions regarding its reliability. Once the main problems were isolated and solutions developed to make the system reliable, rapid acceptance by the growers resulted. Today, trickle irrigation is being used on crops that were earlier considered to be uneconomical. This multi-purpose handbook brings together current knowledge from various engineering and scientific disciplines (crop, hydraulic, irrigation and soil sciences) needed for understanding the trickle irrigation system for crop production. The two dozen contributors are experts on the various subjects, which range from the basic to the more practical aspects of trickle irrigation. Major topics include design, operation and management - with individual chapters covering historical development, emitter construction and clogging, system design, water and salt distribution, automation, water treatment, irrigation scheduling, maintenance, fertilization and salinity.The book greatly expands the scope of research papers, reviews, extension bulletins, and updates earlier text with new information on trickle systems. A multi-disciplinary approach has been taken on a multi-faceted subject. The material contained in the book is the most comprehensive yet developed on the topic. Illustrative sample problems and solutions provide field operators and extension personnel with information needed to install and maintain trickle systems. As it is up-to-date, it is useful as a teaching and reference source for students, manufacturers and irrigation system operators as well as irrigation and crop specialists, and consultants.

  • The Genetics Of Altruism

    • 1st Edition
    • Scott Boorman + 1 more
    • English
    The Genetics of Altruism covers the primary findings on social evolution, social trait, and altruism from a population genetics standpoint to establish a system of genetic boxes. It presents an evolutionary question with two faces: Why are there so many social species? Why, in all the diversity of the animal kingdom, are the social species so few? To address the evolutionary question, this book focuses on recognition of the fact that on an evolutionary time, scale genetics must underlie all changes in the capacity for social structure and other aspects of organic evolution. It presents comparative analyses framed in mathematical terms; mathematical concepts as a means of getting outside human, perhaps more generally primate and carnivore; frames of reference; and alternative network combinatorics as a natural basis for comparing social structures that are phylogenetically remote. It also discusses the comparative biology of social behavior on a purely descriptive basis through the social and evolutionary structures emergent. The book concludes by discussing major evolutionary pathways, various kinds of preadaptedness for sociality, and the use of cascade principle to suggest ways in which human evolution may have been a special case. This book is a valuable resource for biologists, social scientists, researchers, students, and all those who want to broaden their knowledge in the field of social behavior and altruism.

  • Trace Gas Emissions by Plants

    • 1st Edition
    • English
    Many trace gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the biosphere. Although much research has been published on the photosynthetic exchanges of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapor, this book focuses on the importance of biogenic trace gases on atmosphere chemistry and ecosystem stability. Included are methane and its effect on the radiative properties of the atmosphere, hydrocarbons (isoprene and monoterpenes), and their role in the production of ozone and carbon monoxide. Also covered are sulfur and nitrogen gases, both of which can lead to ecosystem acidification. The biochemistry and physiology of production of these and other gases are investigated.Plant physiologists, ecologists, and atmospheric chemists and modelers will benefit from this book.

  • Biomedical Aspects of Botulism

    • 1st Edition
    • George E. Jr. Lewis
    • English
    Biomedical Aspects of Botulism contains the proceedings of an International Conference on the Biomedical Aspects of Botulism, held at Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland on March 16-18, 1981. Organized into eight parts, this book begins with a discussion on the structure, structure-function relationships, and oral toxicities of the various botulinal toxins. Subsequent chapters focus on the cellular and subcellular effects of this toxin; a model to account for toxin-induced blockage of transmitter release; and approaches for dealing with and utilizing the botulinal toxins. Some chapters discuss the involvement of specific bacteriophages in the toxigenicity of Clostridium botulinum, types C and D; properties and qualitative aspects of tetanus and botulinal toxins; and human and animal botulism, including infant botulism and shaker foal syndrome. Selected aspects of the development of toxoids, an insight into the anticipated development of bacterial products, and the epidemiologic characteristics of botulism in the United States are also presented. The book ends with the trends in the therapy of botulism. This volume will serve as a valuable reference to those in the fields of bacteriology, biochemistry, immunology, neurophysiology, pathology, pharmacology, and toxinology. This book will also be helpful both to physicians and veterinarians who need a single source on the biomedical aspects of botulism.

  • The Soil Mites of the World

    Vol. 1: Primitive Oribatids of the Palaearctic Region
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Balogh + 1 more
    • English
    Soil mites are of great biological importance both in natural and in cultivated soils. Recently much attention has been paid to them especially because of their sensitivity to a number of chemicals used in agriculture. Of the soil mites, the Oribatids represent the largest number of both individuals and species. Unfortunately, the study of Oribatids has been greatly hampered by the lack of modern reference works from which they can be identified, and it was this great lack that stimulated the authors to launch this new series of books.The first volume, after a short morphological treatment, gives the method of collection, preparation, and mode of study of prepared specimens. The work is designed to discuss critically all recognizable species and is amply complemented with differential diagnoses and entirely new figures from supercohorts down to species. The book also includes an index of taxa.

  • The Lichens

    • 1st Edition
    • Vernon Ahmadijian
    • English
    The Lichens covers the structure and development, physiology of the intact thallus, environmental response and effects, secondary metabolic products, and symbiont interactions of lichens. This book is divided into five parts encompassing 19 chapters. It also includes appendices consist of a taxonomic scheme, methods for isolating and culturing lichen symbionts and thalli, and methods for isolating and identifying lichen substances. The first part of this book describes the original fungal cell and its development into specialized cells of which the various tissues and thalli are composed. This is followed by discussions on sexual reproduction of ascolichens and basidiolichens and on systematic criteria for the definition of taxa in different hierarchical steps. This book also explains the types of propagules produced by lichens and the submicroscopical investigations of lichens, including phycobiont and mycobionts' substructure and symbiotic relationship. The second part of this book examines the physiological aspects of lichens. It includes discussions on metal cation uptake and translocation in vascular plants and on lichens' role in rock weathering and soil formation. This part also studies photosynthetic rates and nitrogen absorption and metabolism by the intact thallus of lichens. Succeeding chapters discuss physiological and morphological responses of lichens to the most important environmental factors and the relationship of these factors to lichen distribution. Substrate preferences of lichens and their causes and implications with regard to the ecology, distribution, and taxonomy of lichens are also examined. This text also discusses lichen thalli growth, methods of measurement, and factors influencing growth. Finally, the concluding parts deal with the biosynthesis of lichen substances, secondary metabolic products, and symbiotic relations of lichens to fungi and algae. This multi-authored book is an ideal source of information for researchers, teachers, and students who wish to broaden their knowledge in the diversity of lichenology.

  • Herpetology

    An Introductory Biology of Amphibians and Reptiles
    • 1st Edition
    • Laurie J. Vitt + 1 more
    • English
    Herpetology has always been one of the most exciting disciplines of zoology. During the past few years the field has continued to grow, yet it has been plagued by scarcity of comprehensive, up-to-date textbooks containing the most important developments. This timely book fills that void. Through skillful synthesis, the author summarizes the diversity in the biology of living amphibians and reptiles and describes the breadth of current herpetological research. Topics covered include the evolution, classification, development, reproduction, population, and environmental issues surrounding the study of amphibians and reptiles. Designed as an advanced undergraduate textbook, Herpetology is a valuable resource for students, practitioners, and interested amateurs alike.

  • Spermiogenesis

    • 1st Edition
    • David Phillips
    • English
    Spermiogenesis summarizes the process of sperm structure and development in a variety of organisms. It attempts to illustrate the structure of the organelles that characterize mature spermatozoa and to trace the morphogenesis of these organelles during sperm formation. This task is complicated by considerable variations in the structure of spermatozoa among different species and the lack of good morphological studies of sperm structure and spermiogenesis in many animal groups. The general morphological features of mammalian sperm structure differ in some ways from the features of insect sperm, the spermatozoa produced by insects appearing relatively more simple. When the functions and developmental regions of the organelles are considered, homologies between complex structures found in mammalian sperm and simpler insect sperm structures may be deduced even though the organelles in question are quite dissimilar in appearance. Such homologies will be stressed in an effort to present as general a picture of spermiogenesis as seems consistent with the species-specific variations that exist. This book will be a useful, stimulating reference for students of reproductive biology.

  • Concepts of Membrane Structure

    • 1st Edition
    • Ronald Aloia
    • English
    Membrane Fluidity in Biology, Volume 1: Concepts of Membrane Structure covers membrane properties influenced by alterations in membrane lipid compositions and/or other organizational parameters that are encompassed by the term fluidity. This book is composed of eight chapters that discuss significance of fluidity changes in both normal and pathological cellular functions. This book starts by describing membrane structural organization and composition and arrangement of the molecular components of cell membranes. This is followed by discussions on structural properties of lipids and role of nonbilayer lipid structures in membrane fusion. The methodological approaches in study of cellular membrane structural diversity and fluid mosaic model for accurate representation of membrane fluidity are also discussed. This volume then describes the phenomenon of reversed or ""negative"" membrane images, as viewed with transmission electron microscope. Chapters 6 and 7 explain the interaction of cytochrome P-450 with phospholipids and proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and steps in the derivation of membrane structure and packing principles. Finally, the concluding chapter focuses on the membrane of the human red blood cell and presents relatively simple arguments concerning its physical properties. The book will serve as a primary source for research scientists and teachers interested in cellular membrane fluidity phenomena.

  • Trace Elements in Plants

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • M.Ya. Shkolnik
    • English
    Trace element science has undergone some dramatic changes in recent years and considerable discoveries have been made in the wide field of botany. This monograph reviews and summarizes the advances made in trace element research in botanical geography, taxonomy, phytocenology, geochemical ecology, morphology, anatomy, embryology and genetics.After a discussion of some general aspects of trace elements, the author makes a detailed critical analysis of their physiological role - a role that is not only of theoretical importance but one that can also provide a basis for the development of a rational system of plant nutrition. Various aspects of the problems dealt with, therefore, bear on practical issues in agriculture.

  • The Biogenesis of Mitochondria

    Transcriptional, Translational and Genetic Aspects
    • 1st Edition
    • A Kroon
    • English
    The Biogenesis of Mitochondria: Transcriptional, Translational and Genetic Aspects covers the symposium, ""Biogenesis of Mitochondria"", held in Rosa Marina near Bari, Italy in June 1973. Organized into three parts, this book first discusses the mechanism, products, and role of mitochondrial DNA in mitochondrial transcription, including the genetic aspects of the process. Subsequent parts elucidate the characteristics of the mitochondrial protein synthetic machinery, as well as the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins.

  • The Biology of Nematocysts

    • 1st Edition
    • Howard Lenhoff
    • English
    The Biology of Nematocysts is derived from a symposium dedicated to the exclusive discussion on the biology of nematocysts and cnidocytes. This book is basically a collection of the submitted reviews of contributors and research proceedings presented at the symposium. An introduction on the recognition and discovery of both cnidarians and nematocyst aptly begins the discussion in the book. The first chapter serves as an advanced reading that helps readers be familiarized with the terms used in the entire volume. The following chapters are subdivided into six parts, including topics on the ultrastructure, development, control and morphodynamics of discharge, biochemistry, and natural history. The multidisciplinary approach of the main themes is intended to fully understand the unique qualities of the intracellular structure of nematocyst. This volume will be of great benefit to students and researchers in biological science, cell biology, zoology, microbiology, and general physiology.

  • Measurement Techniques in Plant Science

    • 1st Edition
    • Yasushi Hashimoto + 3 more
    • English
    Any explanation of the physiological ecology of plant growth--why plants survive in particular environments--requir... the measurement of the effects of environmental factors. This book reviews the history, development, and current status of instruments and measurement techniques that have been particularly useful in field studies of plant physiological ecology. It will be of interest to researchers and students in plant physiology and biochemistry, crop scientists, horticulturalists, and foresters.

  • Biochemistry and Genetics of Yeast

    Pure and Applied Aspect
    • 1st Edition
    • Metry Bacila
    • English
    Biochemistry and Genetics of Yeasts: Pure and Applied Aspects consists of papers presented at a symposium organized by the Academia Brasileira de Ciencias held at the Universidade de Sao Paulo, on December 4-10, 1977. Organized into seven parts, this book reveals relevant and exciting developments in the areas of yeast genetics, respiration and fermentation, metabolic regulation, cell wall structure, synthesis of macromolecules, and transport. It demonstrates the presence of great progress in the knowledge of structure and functions of the yeast mitochondrial DNA. This book will be useful to scientific institutes and university laboratories interested in the biochemistry, genetics, and technology of yeasts.

  • The Ecosystem Concept in Natural Resource Management

    • 1st Edition
    • George Van Dyne
    • English
    The Ecosystem Concept in Natural Resource Management focuses on the ecosystem concept and its application to natural resource management. It presents examples of research concepts on natural resource phenomena and discusses ecosystem implications for natural resource management. It also covers range, forest, watershed, fisheries, and wildlife resource science and management. Organized into four sections encompassing 10 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the meaning, origin, and importance of ecosystem concepts before proceeding with a discussion of field research projects that address the ecosystem concept and the ways in which the concept has been or can be useful in both research and management in natural resource sciences. More specifically, it explores major developments in the field of ecology in relation to natural resource management, with examples from forest ecology. It also introduces the reader to procedures for studying grassland ecosystems, the watershed-ecosystem concept and studies of nutrient cycles, ecosystem concepts in forestry, ecosystem models in watershed management, and the implementation of the ecosystem concept in training in the natural resource sciences. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, educators, technicians, and training resource managers, as well as students in resource management courses.

  • The Soil Mites of the World

    Vol. 3: Oribatid Mites of the Neotropical Region II
    • 1st Edition
    • P. Balogh + 1 more
    • English
    Distributed in the East European countries, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, People's Republic of Mongolia, Republic of Cuba and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam by Kultura, Budapest, HungaryThis volume presents the second part of brief characterizations and identification keys for oribatid mites inhabiting the Neotropical Region, as well as a check-list and bibliography of all described species from this area.This work is destined to become a basic handbook that will serve academic and applied science/taxonomists, field workers, ecologists, etc., for years to come. It will also aid the work of Latin American oribatologists. This volume is primarily intended for use by taxonomists in acarology, ecologists of neotropical soils and veterinary parasitologists.

  • The Computerized Greenhouse

    Automatic Control Application in Plant Production
    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    The aim of this book is to open up research areas in automatic control engineering for crop production systems in horticulture and agriculture, and to explain the principle ideas of advanced automatic control in plant production. The text includes detailed discussions of:- Fundamental systems engineering concepts- Modeling- Control for agricultural systems- Optimal control and its applications- Artificial intelligence for agricultural applications

  • Monoclonal Antibodies against Bacteria

    • 1st Edition
    • Alberto Macario
    • English
    Monoclonal Antibodies against Bacteria, Volume I explores the generation, characterization, and utilization of monoclonal antibodies against bacteria and on other monoclonal products relevant to antibacterial immune responses. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on monoclonal antibodies against bacteria, encompassing its scope, research, and directions. It shows that the coordinated use of antisera and panels of monoclonal antibodies is proving useful for classification as a diagnostic tool with prognostic implications in the case of pathogens, or as a preliminary step in taxonomy. Also, monoclonal antibodies hold great potential as instruments in working with bacteria for industrial or biotechnological purposes, including genetic engineering. This book also elucidates the use of monoclonal antibodies of predefined molecular specificity for tracing molecular ""signatures"" left by a given strain in other microorganisms, subcellular structures, and materials from ecologic niches. The possibility of antibacterial and antitoxin therapies with monoclonal antibodies is also addressed. This treatise will be a valuable reference work to anyone working with monoclonal antibodies or getting ready to prepare them against the strain(s) (or bacterial structures) of his/her interest.

  • Insect Juvenile Hormones

    Chemistry And Action
    • 1st Edition
    • Julius Menn
    • English
    Insect Juvenile Hormones: Chemistry and Action reviews the state of knowledge on juvenile hormones (JH) and analogs. The book emerged from the presentations and deliberations at the Symposium on the Chemistry and Action of Insect Juvenile Hormones, sponsored by the Division of Pesticide Chemistry of the American Chemical Society at the 162nd National Meeting of the Society in Washington, D. C., September 12-17, 1971. The book summarizes what is known about JH their analogs; their chemistry; their biological effects and mode of action; their biochemical fate in target and nontarget organisms; and their stability. Although divided into three general areas for convenience—biologic... biochemical, and chemical—the text in its entirety is a multidisciplinary discourse, a foundation upon which the understanding of the action or inaction of JH and JH-active chemicals may be based, which hopefully will provide a springboard for future direction and research. This book will be of interest to chemists, biochemists, biologists, endocrinologists, entomologists, insect physiologists, and others concerned with insect development and control.

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