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Elsevier

Books in Life sciences

  • Insects, Science & Society

    • 1st Edition
    • David Pimentel
    • English
    Insects, Science, & Society documents the proceedings of a symposium of the same name celebrating the centennial of entomology at Cornell University. The symposium and the resulting book brought together some of the world's leading entomologists, who discussed recent advances in their diverse specialties. In commemorating the hundred years of entomology, the symposium also honors the founder of the department at Cornell, John Henry Comstock, whose investigations encompassed not only many aspects of entomology—insect taxonomy, morphology, and ecology—but also focused on practical problems of pest control. Starting with a discussion that provides a broad perspective of the interrelationship of insects, science, and society, the remainder of the book presents the contributions made by researchers at the symposium. These contributions are organized into five parts. Part I discusses aspects of the social implications of insects. Part II deals with communication among insects. Part III examines other interactions among insects and between insects and plants. Part IV covers insect population dynamics. Part V deals with insect pest management.

  • Progress in Ape Research

    • 1st Edition
    • Geoffrey Bourne
    • English
    Progress in Ape Research presents the papers reported in the conference organized by the staff of Yerkes Primate Research Center in celebrating the centenary of Dr. Robert Mearns Yerkes' birth, who gave significant contributions to ape research. This book is divided into four sections representing the sessions of the conference. First, the historical beginnings of research on great apes are presented. The other three sections deal mainly with the ongoing studies at the Yerkes Primate Research Center, particularly, in the field of communication and language in great apes, utilization of chimpanzees as biomedical models, and the comparative perspectives of human origins.Presentation... by outstanding scientists from other institutions are also shown. The conference is arranged to honor the memory of Dr. Robert Mearns Yerkes, to inspire, and to emphasize some of the areas in psychobiological and medical sciences to which research on great apes is making a contribution.

  • Chemistry of the Carbohydrates

    • 1st Edition
    • Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood
    • English
    Chemistry of the Carbohydrates focuses on the compositions, chemical reactions, structures, and characteristics of carbohydrates. The monograph first traces the development of carbohydrate chemistry, and then gives emphasis to general chemistry, nomenclature, and definitions. The book discusses the occurrences, properties, structures, and stereochemistry of monosaccharides. Structures of glucose and fructose; stereochemistry; ring structure of sugars; the sugars found in solutions; and synthetic sugars are considered. The monograph also looks at the properties, structures, and stereochemistry of esters, glycosides, full acetals, and thioacetals. The book proceeds with discussions on polyols, inositols, and compounds. Isomerization and representation of configurations; proofs of structure and configuration; and biochemistry are discussed. The monograph closes with the discussions on acids, oligosaccharides, glycosides, starches, and polysaccharides. The compositions, structures, and chemical reactions of these substances are noted. The book can best serve the interest of readers, research workers, and graduate students who want to explore the compositions, properties, and chemical reactions of carbohydrates.

  • Synthesis And Applications Of DNA And RNA

    • 1st Edition
    • Saran Narang
    • English
    Synthesis and Applications of DNA and RNA discusses the significant contributions in the development of synthetic routes to DNA and RNA. This book contains nine chapters that describe the complexities in the chemistry and biology of DNA and RNA. After briefly dealing with the various stages of development in the chemical synthesis of polynucleotides, this book goes on presenting the DNA synthesis on solid supports and through the phosphoramidite method on silica supports. The discussions then shift to the chemical-enzymatic synthesis of expressed genes; the biochemical aspects of chemical syntheses of oligoribonucleotides... and the methods of rapid DNA and RNA sequence analysis. A chapter specifically tackles the protocols of DNA synthesis using double-stranded plasmid DNA as a template. The final chapter deals with the use of oligonucleotides for the identification and isolation of specific gene sequences. This chapter also covers the use oligonucleotides in the detection of human genetic diseases. Biologists, geneticists, and researchers interested in DNA and RNA synthesis will find this work invaluable.

  • Biology of Fertilization V1

    Model Systems and Oogenesis
    • 1st Edition
    • Charles Metz
    • English
    Biology of Fertilization, Volume 1: Model Systems and Oogenesis is the first in a three-volume series that gathers various lines of research about reproduction in general and fertilization in particular. Knowledge about cell biology, immunobiology, biochemistry, biophysics, and molecular genetics has progressed significantly beyond our understanding of some aspects of fertilization. Components of these constitute ""model systems."" The present volume includes reviews of such systems, some relatively simple model systems in lower organisms, sex-determining mechanisms, and oogenesis. The book contains 12 chapters organized into two sections. Section I includes studies on evolution, reproductive success, and immortality of the germ line; the structures and mechanisms involved in fertilization problems; and fertilization in Paramecium. Section II on oogenesis includes studies on gamete differentiation; sex-determining role of the H-Y antigen in mammals and non-mammals; the mechanism of starfish oocyte maturation; meiotic arrest in animal oocytes; and the mitotic and meiotic aspects of the mammalian germ cell life cycle.

  • The Fine Structure of Algal Cells

    • 1st Edition
    • John D. Dodge
    • English
    The Fine Structure of Algal Cells is a hybrid between a review and a comprehensive descriptive work on fine structure of algae. Such fine structural data are important for any consideration of the classification of algae and for attempting to analyze their phylogenetic relationships. ”Fine-structure” has provided many vital keys to the understanding of the interrelationships and phylogeny of the algae. Notably, the trend in algal fine structure work is toward use of electron microscopy to try to understand the functions of cells and organelles under both normal and experimental conditions. This book brings together information which has been gathered by electron microscopists. It considers 13 classes of algae: Chlorophyceae, Haptophyceae, Prasinophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Chloromonadophyceae, Phaeophyceae, Euglenophyceae, Dinophyceae, Eustigmatophyceae, Cryptophyceae, Xanthophyceae, Rhodophyceae, and Chrysophyceae. It covers the main structural features of the various classes and the organelles present in typical cells. The book also describes the algal cell covering, flagella, pyrenoid, eyespot, nucleus, and ejectile organelles,as well as membranes, envelope, and stroma of algal chloroplasts. Lastly, it also explains the algal cell division. This book will help students visualize and compare algal structure, and at the same time provide enough references so that research workers can enter the literature to find out more precise details from the original sources.

  • Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition

    • 1st Edition
    • E Underwood
    • English
    Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition focuses on trace elements and their nutritional significance to humans and domestic animals. The trace elements covered include copper, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, manganese, iodine, fluorine, selenium, aluminum, arsenic, barium, strontium, boron, bromine, silicon, and vanadium. This book is organized into 13 chapters and begins with an overview of the trace element concept, the mode of action of trace elements, and the use of spectrochemical methods for the detection and estimation of t ace metals in biological materials. The next chapters explore in more detail the importance of trace elements in human and animal nutrition, touching on topics such as absorption and excretion in the body, deficiency, and toxicity. The book concludes by discussing the interrelationships between plants, man and his domestic animals, and the soil, with emphasis on the link between trace element deficiencies and health. An account of factors influencing the trace element contents of plants is also given. Finally, qualitative and quantitative differences in the trace element requirements of plants and animals are described. This book is intended for nutritionists and those who plan to specialize in nutrition.

  • New Technologies in Animal Breeding

    • 1st Edition
    • B G Brackett
    • English
    New Technologies in Animal Breeding looks at new reproductive technologies in breeding domestic animals, such as sex selection, frozen storage of oocytes and embryos, in vitro fertilization and embryo culture, amphibian nuclear transplantation, parthenogenesis, identical twins and cloning in mammals, and gene transfer in mammalian cells. It summarizes the state-of-the art and offers perspectives on future directions for several animal industries of great importance in food production, including artificial insemination, embryo transfer, poultry breeding, and aquaculture. Organized into five sections encompassing 14 chapters, this book begins with an overview of animals in society and perspectives on animal breeding. It then discusses the animal industries that are heavily dependent on reproductive technology, including those engaged in cloning, selfing, aquaculture, artificial insemination, and embryo transfer. It also explains the developing technologies as well as their potential applications and impacts on animal production, along with special economic considerations, such as the benefits of reproductive management, synchronization of estrus, and artificial insemination of beef cattle and sheep. The final chapter considers biomedical and agricultural research, implementation of new technologies in animal breeding, and research in animal reproduction. This book is an essential reference for scientists and researchers interested in animal science and animal reproduction.

  • Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry V2

    With Applications and Interpretations
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony Albanese
    • English
    Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry: With Applications and Interpretations, Volume II provides information pertinent to nutritional biochemistry, including the development in enzyme concepts and methodology. This book discusses the mechanisms of several inborn errors of metabolisms and explains the methods by which these errors may be detected. Organized into 11 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the advantages of body compositional data that are useful in evaluating treatment effects associated with physiological or nutritional experiments. This text then delineates the detection of aberrations in the metabolism of tryptophan, which may be induced by pathological stress. Other chapters consider the impact of hormones on the utilization of several nutrients. This book discusses as well the utilization of the essential nutrients, including amino acids, biotin, folic acid, pantothenic acid, and fat-soluble vitamins. The final chapter deals with principles and methods of nutritional needs in humans. Biochemists, graduate students, and investigators in the life sciences will find this book useful.

  • Growth, Nutrition, and Metabolism of Cells In Culture V3

    • 1st Edition
    • George Rothblat
    • English
    Growth, Nutrition, and Metabolism of Cells in Culture, Volume 3, focuses on a number of specific, timely areas of research that make use of cell and tissue culture. The major theme of this volume is growth and its regulation in animal cells. The book includes studies on the role of growth factors in cell culture systems; the effects of cyclic nucleotides in cell proliferation in culture; metabolic regulation during the cell cycle; and the role of the cell surface in growth and metabolic regulation. There are also separate chapters on aspects of abnormal cell growth and metabolism; DNA repair; genetic analysis using cell fusion techniques; the growth of vascular cells in culture for atherosclerosis research; the culture of haploid vertebrate cells for genetic analysis of cell function; data on haploid cell culture; and the value of using cell cultures to test for the possible toxicity of various pharmacologic agents.

  • Water Activity and Food

    • 1st Edition
    • John Troller
    • English
    Water Activity and Food explores the role of water activity in the water relations of microorganisms and in food processing, packaging, and storage. It reviews the literature and provides numerous examples demonstrating the use of water activity to predict the reactions of microorganisms or the stability of food components. It also highlights cases where water activity is not a reliable predictor of events and considers some interesting interactions with other environmental parameters. Comprised of 11 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of water in foods and solutions, water activity values for foods, and water relations of enzyme activity. It then discusses lipid oxidation, enzyme reactions and non-enzymatic browning, and several other food-related factors. The reader is also introduced to water relations of microbial growth; the effects of water on microbial survival; the spoilage and preservation of foods at various levels of water activity; the water relations of food-borne pathogens such as Salmonella and toxigenic molds; the importance of water activity in non-microbiological aspects of food processing and storage; and the influence of atmospheric relative humidity on sanitation and the protection of food products. This book is an important source of information for researchers in food microbiology and microbial water relations.

  • Herbivorous Insects

    Host-seeking Behavior and mechanisms
    • 1st Edition
    • Sami Ahmad
    • English
    Herbivorous Insects: Host-Seeking Behavior and Mechanisms addresses mechanisms of searching behavior leading ultimately to host location of herbivorous insects. It is divided into four sections, wherein the first two sections deal with neurophysiology and the diversity of behavioral induction cues. The third section covers the searching mechanisms as affected by insects' breadth of diet. The last part examines the evolutionary analysis of the behavioral and physiological adaptations in insect/host plant relations. This book starts with an introduction to the chemical sensory system as it relates to host selection in general. This is followed by considerable discussions on host-seeking behavior and allied patterns in behavior. This text also includes the study of oviposition behavior in butterflies belonging to Papilionidae. The third section presents host selection and colonization by three insects within the saprophage-predator continuum, namely, Hylurgopinus rufipes, Scolytus multistriatus, and Pissodes strobi. The behaviors by which certain oligophagous insects locate and select food plants are also considered. The concluding part addresses the unifying theme and the diversity of responses of phytophagous insects to plants. The book provides direction toward developing a unifying theme and improving the ability to unravel the complexities of insect/plant interactions. Behaviorists, ecologists, entomologists, evolutionary biologists, and physiologists will find this book invaluable.

  • Pineal and Retinal Relationships

    • 1st Edition
    • Paul G. O'Brien
    • English
    Pineal and Retinal Relationships presents the proceedings of the Symposium on Pineal and Retinal Relationships, held in Sarasota, Florida on May 3–5, 1985. This book looks at the features that the retina of the lateral eyes and the pineal organ share, including biochemical processes, photoreceptive structures, biorhythmic phenomena, and physiological functions. This text also discusses the general and complex concept of photoneuroendocrine systems. Organized into 27 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the basic features of retinal and pineal receptors. It then proceeds with a discussion of the environmental factors that vertebrates use as cue to synchronize their circannual and circadian rhythms by which they adjust their physiological, behavioral, and biochemical functions. Other chapters consider the melatonin synthesis in vertebrates, which allows them to sequence physiological events into closer temporal position with seasonal climatic changes. This book is a valuable resource to optometrist, neurologist, neurosurgeons, photobiologists, ophthalmologists, and eye care professionals.

  • Biochemistry and Physiology of Protozoa

    • 2nd Edition
    • M Levendowsky
    • English
    Biochemistry and Physiology of Protozoa, Second Edition, Volume 1 is organized into 13 chapters, beginning with a discussion on fine structure and phytogeny of phytoflagellates. This book discusses the structural features of protozoan cytochromes. Subsequent chapters explain sterol and carotenoid distributions in various groups, phycobiliproteins in cryptomonads, halotolerance in Dunaliella, physiology of coccolithophorids, the ameboflagellates, and bioluminescence of phytoflagellates. This edition also describes the most severe and best known of the toxins, saxitoxin, produced by species of Gonyaulax. Lastly, the physiological ecology of red tide flagellates is explained.

  • Agriculture in Dry Lands

    Principles and Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 26
    • I. Arnon
    • English
    Throughout history, man has, by over-use, consistently reduced the productive capacity of dry lands. This degradation of one-third of the land area of the globe is, unfortunately, increasing. In recent years, world interest has turned to the problems of pollution of the environment and the impending food shortage as world population grows explosively. Thus the attention of international and other agricultural bodies has turned to the need for preserving and developing more effectively the agricultural potential of these areas.This book provides a comprehensive review of present knowledge of the agriculture of dry lands, with special emphasis on measures for conserving their natural resources. Management practices are described which aim at optimizing productivity of rainfed and irrigated agriculture without adverse effects on sustainability. Land use in the dry regions, and its evolution throughout history is described and analysed, and the lessons to be learnt from destructive technologies are stressed. In particular, current proposals for an alternative agriculture are discussed and their justification is questioned. This is a generalist work, which specialists can also find interesting, not only in their own discipline but as a concise way of acquainting themselves with the state-of-the-art in associated fields. Increasing specialisation with each discipline using its own vocabulary leads inevitably to communication problems, and the need for multi-disciplinary teams makes inter-discipline communication indispensible.

  • Human Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterases

    • 1st Edition
    • Hermona Soreq
    • English
    Human Cholinesterases and Anticholinesterases summarizes the many fundamental concepts of human cholinesterases (ChEs) and their inhibitors. This book is divided into three chapters that represent human cholinesterase research studies from different points of view. Chapter 1 deals with the biochemical and biological background of human ChEs. This chapter also examines the molecular polymorphism, genomic origin, genetic variants, and biological roles of these enzymes. Chapter 2 provides the molecular characterization of human ChE genes and their multileveled regulation, with a special emphasis on butyrylcholinesteras... Chapter 3 discusses the scientific, ecological, and clinical implications of the studies presented in the previous chapters. Protein scientists, engineers, and researchers will find this work invaluable.

  • Tissue Printing

    Tools for the Study of Anatomy, Histochemistry, And Gene Expression
    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    Tissue Printing explains and compiles step-by-step methods and applications of this elegantly simple and practical technique. The protocols can be easily modified by the research biologist or teacher to study a wide variety of biological problems for basic research or classroom teaching. Tissue printing requires no expensive equipment for successful implementation, is safe, and can be used for both plant and animal systems. This practical laboratory guide contains many illustrative halftones, a complete bibliography, technique overviews, detailed protocols, and sample practical applications.

  • Psychobiology Behavior From a Biological Perspective

    • 1st Edition
    • James McGaugh
    • English
    Psychobiology: Behavior from a Biological Perspective covers the problems encountered in understanding the biology of behavior. This book contains seven chapters that present a contemporary analysis of the essential features of these problems. Chapter 1 provides extensive evidence concerning the evolution of specific aspects of behavior and illustrates the genetic processes underlying the evolution of behavior. Chapter 2 presents a contemporary analysis of the problem of instinctive behavior. Chapters 3 to 7 are concerned with processes underlying behavior, including sensory processes, motivation, attention, and memory. These chapters discuss the essential issues together with contemporary facts and theories. This work will be of value to psychobiologists, neurobiologists, behaviorists, and researchers who are interested in the biological aspects of behavior.

  • Tropical Botanic Gardens

    Their Role in Conservation and Development
    • 1st Edition
    • V. H. Heywood + 1 more
    • English
    This book includes the proceedings of the second symposium on one important role of botanic gardens in conserving world plant resources. Sessions covered topics such as implementing the botanic gardens conservation strategy, regional networks and national programs in the tropics, and germplasm banks in botanic gardens.

  • Handbook of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Nand K. Jha
    • English
    This handbook is a compilation of the current practical knowledge of flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). FMS allow manufacturing plants of all sizes to reduce their inventory while increasing their ability to meet consumer demands. By controlling automatic guided vehicles, robots, and machine tools with one central computer, products can now be produced in a variety of styles and models all at the same time. FMS are designed to adapt quickly and economically to changes in requirements and to unpredictable events. This guide explains how to effectively employ these useful new systems.

  • The Testis

    Biochemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • A.D. Johnson
    • English
    The Testis, Volume II: Biochemistry focuses on the study of the biochemistry of mammalian testis. Composed of contributions of authors, the book starts with the endocrinology of the testis. Topics covered include testicular estrogens and androgens; the effect of age on testicular steroidogenesis; and endocrine regulation of spermatogenesis. The compilation also presents a histochemical analysis of the localization of testicular enzymes. Covered are histochemistry; enzymes of the fetal and mature testis; and the factors affecting testicular enzymes. The text notes as well that blood flow, hormones, nutrition, age, and temperature can affect testicular lipids and that the testis has testicular proteins and nucleic acids. The selection also outlines the growth and development of mammalian testis, and then ends with the discussions on hormonal regulation; chemical constituents; and testicular development, structure, and spermatogenesis of invertebrate testes. The compilation will best serve the interest of readers interested in studying the structure and functions of the testis.

  • The Molecular Biology of the Bacilli

    • 1st Edition
    • David Dubnau
    • English
    The Molecular Biology of the Bacilli: Volume II is a collection of material relevant to the basic knowledge of the bacillus system and to the development of the bacillus system for industrial applications. This volume presents bacillus research studies on the unique characteristics of bacilli and its interesting comparisons with other bacteria, specifically Escherichia coli. The first four chapters focus on the Bacillus subtilis, specifically the translational specificity, DNA repair, chemotaxis, and sporulation. Chapter 5 discusses the protoplast fusion in bacillus while Chapter 6 delves on the secretion of proteins by bacilli. Chapter 7 explores the function of bacilli as insecticide. Bacillus thuringiensis is also mentioned in this chapter. This topic is further discussed in Chapter 8 where the genetics and molecular biology of B. thuringiensis are discussed. This volume aims to be of help to students and researchers in various fields of biochemistry, genetics, biological sciences, and microbiology.

  • Biogenesis Of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides

    • 1st Edition
    • Frank Loewus
    • English
    Biogenesis of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides contains the proceedings of a 1972 symposium on Biogenesis of Plant Cell Wall Polysaccharides held at the 164th National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, New York, New York. The symposium focuses on a broad range of interest from structural to functional aspects of cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis in algae as well as in higher plants. Organized into 17 chapters, this book details the progress and understanding regarding the biosynthesis of cell wall components and the assembly of these components in the wall. It encompasses topics on cell wall polysaccharides, UDP-D-glucuronic acid pyrophosphorylase, and D-xylose. This reference also tackles the UDP-D-glucuronic acid, L-arabinose, D-apiose, and carbohydrate polymers. Furthermore, it explains other topics, such as on extensin, hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein, cellulose, and polygalacturonic acid.

  • Molecular Orbital Theory In Drug Research

    • 1st Edition
    • Lemont Kier
    • English
    Medicinal Chemistry, Volume 10: Molecular Orbital Theory in Drug Research is a 12-chapter text that emerged from a series of lectures presented to graduate students in medicinal chemistry at the University of Michigan. After dealing with the general considerations of drug phenomena and quantum theory, this book goes on exploring the various molecular orbital calculation methods and the significance of molecular orbital indices. The subsequent chapters on the applications of molecular orbital theory are organized on the basis of physical chemical phenomena concluded from the studies described to be involved in the biological activity. These chapters also look into the correlations between indices reflecting covalent bond formation and biological activity. This text further examines the charge transfer mechanisms of several drug classes. The remaining chapters are devoted to the use of molecular orbital theory in several aspects of drug research, including molecular conformation, acid-base phenomena, hydrogen bonding, and dispersion forces. This work is directed to the advanced undergraduate or graduate students in medicinal chemistry or pharmacology, as well as to the practicing scientists interested in acquiring some understanding of molecular orbital theory. Theoretical chemists seeking information on biological phenomena amenable to semiempirical molecular orbital study will find this book invaluable.

  • The Quality of Foods and Beverages V2

    Chemistry and Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • George Charalambous
    • English
    The Quality of Foods and Beverages, Volume II: Chemistry and Technology contains the proceedings of the second International Flavor Conference held in Athens, Greece, on July 20-24, 1980. The conference presents findings of 105 scientists from 20 countries on the chemistry and technology underlying the quality of foods and beverages. This volume is composed of 26 papers presented in the conference. It covers topics on ingredients of smoke and smoke flavor preparations; enzymatic flavor development in foods; enhancement of fruit flavors in dessert; practical applications of new forms of dried fruits; and quality evaluation of macadamia nuts. It also explains moisture relations of food microorganisms; pollution of liquid food by PVC container; views on food developments in Sweden and Italy; and advances in Shoyu research. Additionally, the advances in legume processing; changes in the organoleptic quality of spices and their oleoresinsin stored food products; and flavoring of extrusion cooked and textured meat extenders and analog are explained. This reference also discusses the determination of cocoa butter substitutes in chocolate; application of HPLC for evaluation of coffee flavor quality; and certain elements in Greek wines. This book is useful to all food industry practitioners, as it provides a comprehensive research reports on numerous chemical and technological facets of the quality of foods and beverages.

  • Germfree Life And Gnotobiology

    • 1st Edition
    • Thomas Luckey
    • English
    Germfree Life and Gnotobiology focuses on the theory and general aspects of germfree research and gnotobiology. Using a phylogenetic approach, the book provides a summary of germfree work in all phyla, from bacteria and viruses to protozoans and invertebrates. It characterizes germfree vertebrates based on data on morphology, biochemistry, nutrition, serology, and physiology. This book is organized into six chapters and begins with an overview of germfree life and gnotobiology, including biological isolation as the basis of germfree life, germfree conditions in nature, and the biological significance of germfree research. A section is devoted to nomenclature and terminology. The chapters on methods and nutrition are sufficiently detailed to serve as guides for experimental work. The book concludes with a chapter on exploratory research that explores the inoculation of germfree animals with known kinds of microorganisms. Terms have been introduced to describe concepts and provide precise communication. This book is a valuable source of information for scientists and researchers engaged in germfree research as a biological tool.

  • Plant Pathology V3

    The Diseased Population Epidemics and Control
    • 1st Edition
    • James G. Horsfall
    • English
    Plant Pathology: An Advanced Treatise, Volume III: The Diseased Population Epidemics and Control deals with the epidemics of the diseased population of plants and their forecasting and control. The book highlights the public health implications of plant pathology, giving major consideration to inoculum production, dispersal, and control. This volume is organized into 14 chapters and begins with an overview of populations of inoculum and the consequences of cultivation, emphasizing the inoculum potential. The next chapters focus on the autonomous dispersal of plant pathogens through the soil, seeds, or plant parts; the inoculum dispersal by animals, humans, air, and water; and the factors and processes that trigger an epidemic. The book also introduces the reader to the physical, chemical, and biological aspects of the performance of fungicides on plants and in soil, and then concludes by discussing the genetics of disease resistance and problems associated with plant breeding. This book is a valuable resource for those who are interested in a theoretical treatment of plant pathology and in the broad ecological relationships among organisms, as well as for research workers and advanced students of applied biology.

  • Parasitic Protozoa

    Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidia, Pneumocystis, And Microsporidia
    • 2nd Edition
    • English
    Updated and much expanded, the Second Edition of Parasitic Protozoa is designed to be useful to physicians, veterinarians, and research scientists concerned with diseases caused by protozoa in man, and in domestic and wild animals including fish, mollusks and insects, as well as the more commonly considered vertebrate animals. Each section contains information on disease pathogens, treatment, diagnosis, and epidemiology of the diseases caused by the various protozoans. The book is not limited to these medically-oriented subjects, but treats taxonomy, morphology, and metabolism of the organisms in such a way as to be of interest to scientists and graduate students working in the field of protozoology. The entire edition, published in ten volumes, is arranged so that subjects of common interest occupy individual volumes.

  • The Hormones V1

    Physiology, Chemistry and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Mohhamad Reza Kiani
    • English
    The Hormones: Physiology, Chemistry and Applications, Volume I covers roles of hormones in a wide diversity of vital processes. This volume consists of 16 chapters that discuss the chemistry of hormones, their role in organisms other than mammals, and some aspects of the animal physiology. After a brief history of hormone research studies, this book goes on exploring the chemistry, physiology, assay, and mechanism of action of plant, insect, and crustacean hormones. The subsequent chapters examine the biochemistry, physiology, and assay methods of hormones of the gastrointestinal tract, parathyroid gland, pancreas, and ovary. These topics are followed by discussions on the chemistry and metabolism of other hormones, such as progesterone, androgens, and adrenal cortical and anterior pituitary hormones. The final chapters consider the role of ovarian, pituitary, and thyroid hormones in mammary growth, as well as the mechanism of hormonal control of lactation. Endocrinologists, applied biologists, physiologists, biochemists, and researchers in various fields of medicine will find this book of great value.

  • Origin of Cultivated Rice

    • 1st Edition
    • H.-I. Oka
    • English
    This book aims to up-date our present understanding of the origin of cultivated rice and in doing so involves different disciplines of biology and the archaeological-histo... sciences. Various recent discoveries are reviewed and questions posed for further consideration by the reader.The book covers a wide range of studies on problems relative to the origin of cultivated rice, placing emphasis on ecological and genetical aspects. Comparisons are made between two cultivated rice species, independently evolved in Asia and Africa from respective wild progenitors. Phenomena are observed during mixed planting and hybrids discussed. Detailed information is presented about Asian common wild rice, thought to be the ancestor of common rice. The dynamics of domestication are considered with regard to hybridization, selection, formation of weedy types and the accumulation of genetic diversity. Also included are recent archaeological findings in relation to the beginnings of rice culture, leading to the hypothesis of diffused origins. Cultivars of common rice fall into one of two types called Indica and Japonica. The dynamics of differentiation are discussed, giving evidence and different hypotheses. Information on the genetic bases and functions of various reproductive barriers found between the cultivated and wild taxa is presented and discussed. The practical aspects of crop-evolutionary studies concerned with the breeding phylosophy and germplasm conservation are briefly commented on and arguments for rediversification of crop germplasm and conservation of the environment given.Senior scientists and post-graduate students interested in rice genetics, crop evolution, and related sciences will find this book invaluable.

  • The Molecular Biology of Ciliated Protozoa

    • 1st Edition
    • Joseph Gall
    • English
    The Molecular Biology of Ciliated Protozoa covers topics that are unique to ciliates, including major molecular progress, genetics, life history, and development of ciliates. Organized into 11 chapters, it focuses on the importance of ciliated protozoa as experimental organisms. The introductory chapter traces the ups and downs of ciliate biology, emphasizing the prominent role of the ciliates in early studies of cell structure, reproduction, and heredity. The book goes on to discuss ciliate genetics and conjugation, providing the basic biological framework for molecular studies of ciliate. Chapters 4 and 5 cover the nuclear DNA content, sequence, and arrangement of holotrichous and hypotrich ciliates. Chapters 6 to 9 examine the characterization of chromosomal telomeres, ribosomal gene amplification, and chromatin and histone structure using ciliated protozoa as experimental organisms. The final two chapters describe the mating mechanism of two ciliates, Blepharisma japonicum and Euplotes raikovi, and the function of surface antigens of Paramecium ciliate. The book is intended for students and investigators who want to learn more about the ciliated protozoa, particularly, in areas that cover fundamental features of eukaryotic biology.

  • Comparative Diagnosis of Viral Diseases

    Vertebrate Animal and Related Viruses Part B—DNA Viruses
    • 1st Edition
    • Edouard Kurstak
    • English

  • Botulinum Neurotoxin and Tetanus Toxin

    • 1st Edition
    • Lance Simpson
    • English
    Botulinum Neurotoxin and Tetanus Toxin covers the mechanism of action, pathogenesis, and treatment of clostridial neurotoxins. The book is organized into four parts encompassing 18 chapters that discuss the origin, structure, pharmacology, toxicology, immunology, assays, and clinical issues of botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins. The introductory part of the book discusses the discovery and production of neurotoxins in various strains of Clostridium bacteria. This text also describes how specific bacteriophages and plasmids mediate the pathogenicity of some types of Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium tetani. The subsequent part provides an overview of issues related to toxin binding, including toxins that may serve as models for botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins. Discussions on the peripheral and central aspects of poisoning transport in the central nervous system and on the antagonistic drugs for clostridial neurotoxins are provided. The third part of the book addresses the antibodies against botulinum neurotoxin. Bioassay in mice and highly sensitive immunoassays, such as reversed passive hemagglutination, reversed passive latex agglutination, radioimmunoassay, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, are presented. The concluding part covers the animal models for these toxins and discusses the diagnosis and treatment of botulism and tetanus in human. The clinical use of Clostridium botulinum toxin type A in ocular and neuromuscular disease is also examined. This book will be of value to protein chemists, microbiologists, virologists, pharmacologists, immunologists, and clinicians.

  • Light and Electron Microscopy of Cells and Tissues

    • 1st Edition
    • Edmund Sandborn
    • English
    Light and Electron Microscopy of Cells and Tissues: An Atlas for Students in Biology and Medicine is a condensation of Volumes I and II of "Cells and Tissues by Light and Electron Microscopy" (Academic Press, Inc., New York and London, 1970). It is designed to provide the student with the essentials for a basic knowledge of animal cells and tissues. The book provides comprehensive discussions of the following: the cell, stratified squamous epithelium, the nervous system, muscle, the lymphoid organs, the circulatory system, the digestive system, the major glands of digestion, the urinary system, the male reproductive system, the female reproductive system, the endocrine glands, and special senses (the eye and the ear).

  • The Initiation of DNA Replication

    • 1st Edition
    • Dan S Ray
    • English
    The Initiation of DNA Replication contains the proceedings of the 1981 ICN-UCLA Symposia on Structure and DNA-Protein Interactions of Replication Origins, held in Salt Lake City, Utah on March 8-13, 1981. The papers explore the initiation of DNA replication and address relevant topics such as whether there are specific protein recognition sites within an origin; how many proteins interact at an origin and whether they interact in a specific temporal sequence; or whether origins can be subdivided into distinct functional domains. The specific biochemical steps in DNA chain initiation and how they are catalyzed are also discussed. This book is organized into six sections and comprised of 41 chapters. The discussion begins by analyzing the replication origin region of the Escherichia coli chromosome and the precise location of the region carrying autonomous replicating function. A genetic map of the replication and incompatibility regions of the resistance plasmids R100 and R1 is described, and several gene products produced in vivo or in vitro from the replication region are considered. The sections that follow focus on the DNA initiation determinants of bacteriophage M13 and of chimeric derivatives carrying foreign replication determinants; suppressor loci in E. coli; and enzymes and proteins involved in initiation of phage and bacterial chromosomes. The final chapters examine the origins of eukaryotic replication. This book will be of interest to scientists, students, and researchers in fields ranging from microbiology and molecular biology to biochemistry, molecular genetics, and physiology.

  • Deer Antlers

    Regeneration, Function and Evolution
    • 1st Edition
    • Richard J. Goss
    • English
    This is a book about one of nature's most remarkable accomplishments. When deer grow antlers they are actually regenerating anatomically complex appendages - something that no other mammal can do. The rate at which antler elongate makes them the fastest growing structures in the animal kingdom. Profoundly affected by male hormones, these secondary sex characters grow into massive tumors if the deer possessing them is castrated. These and other unique characteristics have made antlers the focus of extensive scientific research that addresses some provocative questions: From what tissues do antlers develop? By what morphogenetic mechanisms are they regenerated every year? What social functions prompted their initial evolution? How are they influenced by hormones, and by the seasonal daylength fluctuations that regulate their annual replacement cycles? These and many other questions are considered in this comprehensive account of antlerology.Students of development, evolution, and behavior will find much to appreciate in this volume, as will ecologists, wildlife biologists, and zookeepers. It is a rich source of information for endocrinologists and physiologists interested in the relationship of antlers to the reproductive cycle. The orthopedists will find the study of antlers a valuable model of skeletal growth and bone disease, and the purported medicinal properties of velvet antlers will be a subject of interest to the pharmacologist.Deer Antlers: Regeneration, Function, and Evolution is as scientifically accurate as it is readable. It does not answer all questions about these unique appendages, but it is certain to arouse curiosity about the many unsolved problems of how antlers grow, die, and are shed in the course of a single year.

  • Olfaction and taste V

    • 1st Edition
    • Derek Denton
    • English
    Olfaction and Taste V contains the proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on Olfaction and Taste, held at the Howard Florey Institute of Experimental Physiology & Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia, in October 1974. Contributors discuss the knowledge about olfaction and taste, including the anatomy of receptors and their ultrastructure, innervation of receptor fields, and the processes of receptor ""turnover"". Themes ranging from taste modifiers and receptor proteins to afferent coding; how the sensory code for taste and olfaction are processed and sharpened; and conditioned taste aversions and other taste learning effects in food and fluid intake are discussed. This book is organized into 14 sections encompassing 73 chapters and begins with an introduction to the phylogenetic origins of sweet taste. The discussion then shifts to behavior and the evolutionary emergence of the chemoreceptor systems. This book provides an overview of the basic modalities of taste throughout the vertebrate phylum, along with the powerful selection pressures that operate to contrive phylogenetic emergence of these modalities with attendant survival advantage. It also looks at each modality within the sensory organization of the species set against environmental circumstances during evolution that might be postulated as favoring its emergence and refinement, for example, the emergence of bitter in relation to poisoning. The ontogenesis of taste and some special instances such as chemoreception in aquatic animals are also examined. This book is aimed at students and scientists interested in the fascinating and important problems of chemoreception.

  • Biological Properties

    • 1st Edition
    • Walter Lovenberg
    • English
    Biological Properties is a collection of papers that deals with the biological properties of iron-sulfur proteins. One paper reviews the role of electron paramagnetic resonance in forwarding knowledge about iron-sulfur proteins. Iron-sulfur proteins are iron proteins where sulfur is a ligand of the iron, of which the iron is not simultaneously held by a stronger ligand such as porphyrin. Another paper discusses the role of bacterial ferredoxins in coupled oxidation-reduction reactions, the role of hydrogenase in oxidation-reduction, as well as the bacterial iron-sulfur proteins, such as azoferredoxin and molybdoferredoxin. Abiological models of nitrogenase involve molybdenum and iron with sulfur ligands; these abiological systems can be the first models that show the biological activity of iron-sulfur enzymes which these systems try to copy. One paper investigates the role of iron-sulfur proteins in photosynthesis, particularly the photoreduction of ferrodoxin, the mechanism of NADPH formation, and the possible role of ferrodoxin in cyclic photophosphorylation... This collection is suitable for bio-chemists, cellular biologists, micro-biologists, and scientists involved in research in the biological disciplines.

  • Current Research in Protein Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Villafranc
    • English
    Current Research in Protein Chemistry: Techniques, Structure, and Function focuses on the techniques and methods used for determining the structure and function of proteins. Topics covered range from protein folding and stability to catalysis by chimeric proteins, amino acid and peptide analysis, applications of mass spectrometry to peptide and protein analysis, and protein sequencing. This book is divided into six sections encompassing 55 chapters. The first chapter describes a novel method for protein hydrolysis by means of microwave irradiation that uses Teflon-Pyrex tubes. This is followed by a discussion of the application of high performance capillary electrophoresis to the analysis of amino acids. The sections that follow focus on mass spectrometric methods, protein sequencing, and capillary electrophoresis as well as protein stability, chimeric proteins and enzyme modifications, and protein structure prediction. The crystal structure of human interleukin-1alpha, the acid-denatured states of proteins, solubility of recombinant proteins expressed in Escherichia coli, and catalysis by chimeric proteins are considered. The reader is also introduced to peptide mapping and internal sequencing of proteins from acrylamide gels, new approaches to covalent sequence analysis, alkaline denaturation of hemoglobin, and measurements of disulfide bond stabilities in protein folding intermediates. Students and researchers interested in protein chemistry will find this book extremely helpful.

  • Macrophage Regulation of Immunity

    • 1st Edition
    • Emil Unanue
    • English
    Macrophage Regulation of Immunity contains the proceedings of a conference held in Augusta, Michigan, on March 12-14, 1979. The papers examine the role of macrophages in the regulation of cellular immune reactions. They highlight the interaction between macrophages and T cells, along with immune response gene control and macrophage secretion of a number of lymphostimulatory molecules. Organized into six sections encompassing 35 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of antigen handling and presentation, immune response gene control, antigen-presenting cells, and factors affecting lymphocyte-macrophag... interactions. It then discusses genetic control of T cell-macrophage interaction in helper cell induction in vitro; mechanisms underlying the interaction of guinea pig T lymphocytes with antigen-pulsed macrophages; and secretion of arachidonic acid oxygenation products by mononuclear phagocytes and their possible role as modulators of lymphocyte function. The book also covers regulation of intracellular killing by extracellular stimulation of the monocyte membrane, and adjuvant activation of macrophage functions. Students and scientists will find this book extremely helpful.

  • Transgenic Animal Technology

    A Laboratory Handbook
    • 1st Edition
    • Carl A. Pinkert
    • English
    Transgenic animal technologies and the ability to introduce functional genes into animals have revolutionized our ability to address complex biomedical and biological questions, as well as to make practical applications to production agriculture. This well-illustrated handbook covers the technical aspects of gene transfer in animals--from molecular methods to whole animal considerations--for the important laboratory and domestic animal species. It describes methodologies as employed by leading laboratories and is a key resource for researchers, as well as a tool for training technicians and students.

  • Techniques in Protein Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Tony Hugli
    • English
    Techniques in Protein Chemistry compiles reports of methods and techniques presented at the second symposium of the Protein Society in August 1988. This book includes methods and applications in protein sequencing, advanced applications of mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance technology, limitations of amino acid microanalysis, and advances in high-performance liquid chromatography. The structure of synthetic test peptide-3 (STP-3), a peptide designed to test the analytical limits of current technology in the field of protein chemistry is also elaborated. This publication is suited for chemists and researchers conducting work on the analytical techniques available for the molecular characterization of proteins.

  • Agriculture and the Environment

    Papers presented at the International Conference, 10-13 November 1991
    • 1st Edition
    • C.A. Edwards + 3 more
    • English
    Until the 1980s, global increases in food production exceeded the concomitant growth of human populations. However, progressively agriculture is becoming unable to meet the world-wide per capita needs for food. Unless there is major international cooperation in addressing the problems associated with population control, it is predicted that the global human population will reach more than 14 billion by the year 2050, with provision of adequate food, fuel and space for such an increased population unachievable.These problems are accentuated by factors such as world-wide reductions in soil fertility, the accelerating degradation of land that is suitable for food production through soil erosion, the world-wide trend for migration of human populations from rural habitats to cities and extremely rapid rates of global deforestation.Possib... solutions to global sustainability in agriculture and natural resources must involve an integration of ecological, sociological, cultural, and economic considerations, as well as mandated international and national policies. This publication outlines these problems and attempts to seek solutions.

  • Flow Cytogenetics

    • 1st Edition
    • Johan S. Ploem
    • English
    This is the first book to be devoted entirely to the application and development of flow techniques in cytogenetics. It provides comprehensive information on the use of flow cytometry and sorting for chromosome classification and purification. Cytogenetics and molecular biologists will find this book an invaluable reference source.

  • Gonadotropins and Gonadal Function

    • 1st Edition
    • N Moudgal
    • English
    Gonadotropins and Gonadal Function presents the proceedings of the International Symposium on the Advances in Chemistry, Biology and Immunology of Gonadotropins, held at the Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India in October 1973. The book reviews the chemistry, physiology and biochemical mechanism of action of gonadotropins. The compendium is divided into four sections. Section I discusses the chemistry of gonadotropins. Section II covers the biology and immunology of gonadotropins. The third section tackles the biochemistry of gonadotropins. The final section presents gonadotropins in clinical medicine. Endocrinologists, physicians, biochemists, and medical researchers will find the book highly interesting.

  • Catalysis in Organic syntheses 1977

    • 1st Edition
    • Gerard Smith
    • English
    Catalysis in Organic Syntheses 1977 is a collection of papers presented at the Sixth Conference on Catalysis in Organic Syntheses, held in Boston by the Organic Reactions Catalysis Society on May 10-11, 1976. This book contains 15 chapters that specifically consider the homogeneous and heterogeneous aspects of catalysis. The chapters are organized to deal with a specific catalytic reaction, the catalysts used, and the effect of selected process parameters. This text considers the hydrogenation, aromatic, hydrogenolysis, selective oxidation, substitution, and hydroformylation reactions. The concluding chapter describes syntheses and reaction of various organic compounds, with particular emphasis on the reactions with carbon tetrachloride and other perhalomethanes. This book will be of benefit to organic chemists and researchers.

  • The Lectins

    Properties, Functions, and Applications in Biology and Medicine
    • 1st Edition
    • Irvin Liener
    • English
    The Lectins: Properties, Functions, and Applications in Biology and Medicine is a 10-chapter text that deals with the advances in research studies on the properties, functions, and applications of lectins in biology and medicine. The first two chapters consider the historical development, physicochemical properties, isolation, and remarkable specificity toward sugars of lectins. These topics are followed by a discussion on the molecular aspects of protein evolution, with a particular emphasis on lectins, which provide an excellent example of a family of homologous proteins. The following chapters explore the diverse biological activities of lectins and how these properties are utilized for the isolation and characterization of carbohydrate-contain... compounds in solution and on cells. A chapter focuses on the functions of lectins in their natural milieu. This text further covers the importance of lectins in nonplant systems as exemplified by lectins that occur in vertebrates, slime molds, and bacteria. The last chapter highlights the nutritional significance of the occurrence of lectins in plant foods such as legumes. This book is an ideal source for organic chemists, protein researchers, and workers in the fields of biology and medicine.

  • Continuous Cultivation of Microorganisms

    Proceedings of the Second Symposium held in Prague June 18-23, 1962
    • 1st Edition
    • I. Malek
    • English
    Continuous Cultivation of Microorganisms deals with research studies on the continuous processes in cultivation and their applications in industrial production. Divided into 40 chapters, the book is composed of contributions of authors who have conducted extensive studies on continuous cultivation. The discussions start with situations and trends in the advancement of continuous cultivation, multi-stage continuous culture, the theory of multi-stage continuous cultures, and a stochastic model of continuous cultivation of microorganisms in several vessels. This discussion is followed by the presentation of the theory of continuous fermentation; the use of continuous culture method for analyzing cell functions; and a comparative study of cell mass production in a single and multistage cultivation. The book goes further with discussions on soil microbiology and the processes and environments involved in the culture of bacteria. The text also presents the fermentation processes of beer, lactic acid, alcohol, and liquor. The discussions are supported by methods, experiments, and numerical representations. The book also discusses electronic programs or automatic controls involved in fermentation processes. The selection is a vital source of data for those who are interested in conducting research on continuous cultivation.

  • Structure and Functioning of Seminatural Meadows

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 27
    • M. Rychnovská
    • English
    Twelve years' analysis of natural grassland and experimentally managed meadows have produced this unique set of data on the structures and physiological functions of primary producers, consumers and decomposers. Obtained during the 1973-1985 Ecosystem Study on Highland Meadows in Czechoslovakia, such original information is rare in scientific literature. The aim of the study was to define the functioning of these grasslands and their changes under different impact of man, and to examine the ecological function of those ecosystems in the intensively managed catchment area. Hence, this book contains deep analyses of soil microorganisms, their functions in decomposition and soil forming processes - leading to the evaluation of the whole carbon cycle - as well as dealing with nitrogen pathways in the experimental plots - resulting in precise determination of the full nitrogen cycle. Procedures used in practical agriculture, such as cutting, fertilization and renovation, have also been applied, producing evaluations from both ecological and economical view-points.The book's integrated ecosystem approach to grasslands, its deep professional analyses in each section, along with the synthesis on each particular level and across all levels, renders it an invaluable, informative text, comprising extensive figures and tables and a substantial bibliography of world-wide sources.

  • Protein Targeting

    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony Pubsley
    • English
    Protein Targeting reviews different aspects of protein targeting, including similarities and differences in the pathways involved. The early stages of protein export and secretion in prokaryotes and eukaryotes are examined, along with the targeting of mitochondrial and chloroplast proteins as well as some important differences in the biogenesis of the two organelles. Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of terminology and basic principles of protein targeting, focusing on protein traffic in eukaryotic and bacterial cells. The reader is then introduced to the basic principles and techniques of protein targeting, including protein identification and posttranslational modification. Subsequent chapters deal with the early stages in the secretory pathway; later stages in the prokaryotic and eukaryotic secretory pathways; targeting of mitochondrial, chloroplast, and peroxisomal proteins; and targeting of nuclear proteins. The book also discusses endocytosis before concluding with a description of applications of protein targeting. This monograph will be of value to scientists and biotechnologists, as well as to students of cell biology, biochemistry, microbiology, and molecular biology.

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