Plant Breeding for Pest and Disease Resistance

I Some Concepts of Breeding for Resistance 1 The Control of Pests and Diseases Lettuce: Root Aphid Scots Pine: Pine Root Collar Weevil, European Pine Sawfly, Zimmerman Pine Moth, White (Eastern) Pine Shoot Borer, Pine Grosbeak, Conclusions Citrus: California Red Scale Sorghum: Bird Pests REFERENCES - PART IV 2 General Principles and Methods of Breeding for Resistance Historical Resistance in Relation to Other Breeding Objectives Terminology and Some Theoretical Concepts The Importance of Parasite Variability to the Plant Breeder Sources of Resistance Inheritance of Resistance Methods of Testing for Resistance Requirements for Successful Inoculation The assessment of Resistance Selecting for Resistance Production of Resistant Varieties Conclusions References - Part I II Resistance to Fungal Diseases 3 Pathogenic Fungi and Fungal Diseases The Economic Importance of Fungal Diseases Some Characteristics of Fungi and Fungal Diseases Variability in Fungal Pathogens Types of Resistance Sources of Resistance The Inheritance of Resistance Testing and Selecting for Resistance Disease assessment Methods Factors Affecting The Expression of Resistance The Control of Fungal Diseases by Resistant Varieties 4 Examples O Breeding for Resistance to Fungal Diseases Wheat: Yellow (Stripe) Rust, Stem Rust, Leaf (Brown) Rust Barley: Powdery Mildew Rice: Blast Maize (Corn): Southern Corn Leaf Blight, Maize (Corn) Rust Potato: Late Blight, Wart Disease Coffee: Leaf (Orange) Rust Sugar Beet: Cercospora Leaf Spot, downy Mildew Tomato: Fusarium Wilt, Leaf Mould Sorghum: Smuts, Milo Disease References - Part IIIII Resistance to Diseases Caused by Bacteria, Mycoplasmas and Viruses 5 Bacterial Diseases Economic Importance of Bacterial Diseases Some Characteristics of Bacteria and Bacterial Diseases Variability of Bacteria Types of Resistance Sources of Resistance Inheritance of Resistance Methods of Selection and Breeding for Resistance 6 Some Examples O Breeding for Resistance to Bacterial Diseases Cotton: Bacterial Blight Rice: Bacterial Blight Tobacco: Bacterial (Granville) Wilt, Wildfire and Angular Leaf Spot Tomato: Bacterial Wilt, Bacterial Canker Pears and Apples: Fireblight 7 Resistance to Diseases associated with Mycoplasma-Like Organism (MLO) and Rickttsia-Like Organism (RLO) The Importance of Plant Diseases associated with MLO and RLO Some Characteristics of MLO and RLO The Epidemiology of Diseases associated with MLO and RLO Methods of Disease Control Control by Resistant Varieties The Nature and Inheritance of Resistance Conclusions 8 Resistance to Virus Diseases The Importance of Virus Diseases Characteristics of Viruses and Virus Diseases Variability of Plant Viruses Epidemiology and Transmission of Plant Virus Diseases Types of Resistance to Virus Diseases Selection and Breeding Methods 9 Examples of Resistance to Virus Diseases Potatoes: Potato Leaf Roll Virus, Potato Virus Y, Potato Virus X, Other Viruses, Conclusions Sugar Beet: Virus Yellows, Curly Top, Conclusions Rice: Hoja Blanca (White Leaf), Tungro Disease, Stripe, Other Viruses,Conclusions Tobacco: Tobacco Mosaic, Cucumber Mosaic, Vein Banding, Tomato Spotted Wilt, Tobacco Etch Cocoa: Swollen Shoot, Conclusions Tomato: Tomato Mosaic, Curlyttop, Spotted Wilt, Conclusions Raspberries: Aphid-Transmitted Viruses, Nematode-Transmitted Viruses Bananas: Bunchy Top, Abaca Mosaic Cotton: Leaf Curl Barley: Barley Yellow Dwarf References - Part III IV Resistance to Animal Pests 10 Pests - Some General Considerations Economic Importance of Pest Attack Agronomic and Chemical Control Methods Some Characteristics of the Main Groups of Animal Pests Genetic Variability in Animal Pests Types of Resistance to Pests Sources of Resistance Inheritance of Resistance Selection and Breeding Methods Control of Animal Pests by Resistant Varieties General Conclusions 11 Examples of Resistance to Animal Pests Wheat, Barley and Oats: Hessian Fly, Greenbugs, Wheat Stem Sawfly,Cereal Leaf Beetle, Cereal Cyst Nematode, Oat Stem Eelworm, Conclusions Cotton: Bollworms, Boll Weevil, Jassids, Conclusions Sugar Beet: Aphids, Beet Eelworm (Cyst Nematode) Rice: Rice Stem Borers, Leafhoppers and Planthoppers, Conclusions Maize (Corn): European Corn Borer, Maize Stem Borers,Corn Earworms, Corn Leaf Aphid, Bird Pests Alfalfa (Lucerne): Spotted Alfalfa Aphid, Pea Aphid Potatoes: Potato (Golden) Cyst Nematodes, Aphids, Conclusions Clover: Stem Nematodes Tobacco: Root-Knot Nematode Raspberries: Aphids, Conclusions Brassica Crops: Cabbage Aphid Lettuce: Root Aphid Scots Pine: Pine Root Collar Weevil, European Pine Sawfly, Zimmerman Pine Moth, White (Eastern) Pine Shoot Borer, Pine Grosbeak, Conclusions Citrus: California Red Scale Sorghum: Bird Pests References - Part IV V Parasitic Weeds 12 Resistance to Parasitic Weeds The Economic Importance of Parasitic Weeds Some Characteristics of Parasitic Weeds Agronomic and Chemical Control Methods Control by Resistant Varieties Methods of Testing for Resistance The Nature of Resistance Genetic Variation in Parasitic Weeds Conclusions References - Part V VI General Conclusions on Breeding for Resistance 13 The Present Position Experience with Fungal Diseases Experience with Bacterial Diseases Experience with Virus Diseases Experience with Animal Pests The Importance of Parasite Variability The Genetics of Host-Plant Resistance The Effectiveness of Different Types of Resistance Some General Inferences Some Benefits and Drawbacks of Breeding for Resistance 14 Future Prospects Breeding Objectives and Priorities The Dangers of Genetic Uniformity Conservation of Germplasm New Genetic and Breeding Techniques The Future Role of Resistant Varieties References - Part VI Author IndexSubject Index