The Biology and Cultivation of Edible Mushrooms

List of Contributors

Foreword

Preface

Part I General Aspects

1 Morphology and Classification

I. Introduction

II. The Ascomycetes

III. The Basidiomycetes

IV. Edibihty and Poisonous Properties

V. Family Agaricaceae Fries

VI. Family Strophariaceae Singer & Smith

VII. Family Pluteaceae Kod. & Pouzar

VIII. Family Tricholomataceae Roze

References

2 Nuclear Behavior Utilizing Light Microscopy

I. Introduction

II. Nuclear Behavior in the Somatic Cells

III. Nuclear Behavior in Gill Tissues

References

3 Ultrastructural Changes during Development of Agaricus bisporus and Agaricus sylvicola

I. Introduction

II. Organization of the Hyphae during the Stages of Development

III. Cell Components during Morphogenesis

IV. Discussion and Conclusions

References

4 Sexuality and Breeding

I. Introduction

II. Biological Background

III. Sexuality in Cultivated Fungi

IV. Discussion

References

5 Conservation of the Cultures

I. Introduction

II. Conventional Methods

III. Freeze-Drying and Freezing

IV. Cryogenic Freezing of Mushroom Spawn

V. Role of Cryogenic Freezing at ATCC

VI. Apparatus and Procedures

VII. General Procedure for Freezing of Mushroom Spawn

VIII. Safe Deposit of Mushroom Spawn Cultures

References

6 Nutritional Value

I. Introduction

II. Proximate Composition

III. Moisture Content

IV. Protein

V. Amino Acids

VI. Fat

VII. Carbohydrate and Fiber

VIII. Vitamins and Minerals

IX. Nutritional Considerations

References

7 Medical Effects

I. Introduction

II. Antibiotic Activities

III. Hypolipidemic Activity

IV. Other Biological Activities

V. Investigational Applications

References

Part II Cultivated Fungi in Agaricales

Section Α. Agaricus bisporus

8 Biological Nature

9 Nutrition, Substrates, and Principles of Disease Control

10 Breeding Work

11 Cultivation in Western Countries: Growing in Caves

12 Cultivation in Western Countries: Growing in Houses

13 Cultivation in Asian Countries: Growing in Subtropical Areas

14 Cultivation in Asian Countries: Growing in Temperate Zones

Section B. Agaricus bitorquis

15 Biological Nature

16 Breeding Work

17 Cultivation

Section C. Other Genera

18 Coprinus Fimetarius

19 Flammulina Velutipes

20 Kuehneromyces Mutabilis

21 Biological Nature of Lentinus Edodes

22 Cultivation of Lentinus Edodes

23 Pholiota Nameko

24 Biology and Breeding of Pleurotus

25 Cultivation of Pleurotus

26 Stropharia Rugosoannulata

27 Volvariella Volvacea

28 Auricularia spp.

Part III Other Cultivated Fungi

29 Tremella fuciformis

I. Introduction

II. Biology of the Fungus

30 Tuber spp.

I. Introduction

II. Classification

III. Biological Cycle of the Truffle

IV. Nature and Role of Mycorrhiza

V. The Host Tree

VI. Favorable Environmental Conditions

VII. Geographic Distribution of Truffles

VIII. The Culture of the Truffle

IX. Nutritive and Gastronomic Value of the Truffle

X. Production

XI. Conclusion

References

31 Tricholoma Matsutake

I. Introduction

II. Morphology and Development

III. Life History

IV. Ecology

V. Cultivation

References

32 The Potential Cultivation of Various Edible Fungi

I. Introduction

II. Fungi to Grow 700

III. Historical Background and Present State of the Problem

IV. Conclusions

References

Part IV Economic Aspects

33 Economics of Cultivated Mushrooms

Part A. Agaricus

Part B. Other Edible Mushrooms

Author Index

Subject Index