Mammalian Protein Metabolism

List of Contributors

Preface

Preface to Volumes I and II

Contents of Other Volumes

Part IV Protein Metabolism during Evolution and Development of Mammals

An Introduction to Protein Metabolism during the Evolution and Development of Mammals

I. Introduction

II. Origin of Life

III. Evolution of Species

References

Chapter 24 Evolution of Protein Molecules

I. Introduction

II. Evolutionary Changes in Protein Structure

III. Functional Differentiation of Proteins as a Result of Evolutionary Divergence

IV. Taxonomic Serology in the Study of Evolution

V. Statistical Procedures and Computer Techniques

VI. Conclusion

References

Chapter 25 Evolution of Protein Metabolism in Mammals

I. Introduction

II. Evolution of Protein Metabolism in Animals

III. Species and Individual Differences in the Protein Metabolism of Mammals

IV. Effect of Species Size on the Protein Metabolism of Mammals

V. Conclusions

References

Chapter 26 Protein Metabolism during Growth and Development

I. Introduction

II. Rate of Growth: Continuous or Discontinuous?

III. Dynamic Aspects of Protein Metabolism during Development

IV. The Influence of Diet on Development

V. Restatement of the Problem

References

Part V Technical Aspects of the Study of Protein Metabolism

A General Survey of Techniques Used in Studying Protein Metabolism in Whole Animals and Intact Cells

I. Introduction

II. Use of Isotopes in the Study of Protein Metabolism

III. Methods for Studying Protein Metabolism in Whole Animals and Man

IV. Methods for Studying Protein Metabolism in Isolated Tissues and Cells

V. Application of Cytochemical Techniques to Protein Metabolism

References

Chapter 27 Application of Computers to the Study of Protein Metabolism

I. Introduction

II. General Description of Computers

III. Relevant Mathematical and Biological Backgrounds

IV. Compartmentation

V. Digital Simulation of Amino Acid Metabolism

VI. Protein Synthesis and Its Control Studied with Analog Computer Models

VII. Probable Future Developments

References

Chapter 28 The Assessment of Protein Nutrition and Metabolism in the Whole Animal, with Special Reference to Man

I. Introduction

II. The Protein Content of the Whole Body and of Organs and Tissues

III. The Effect of Protein Depletion on the Distribution of Protein in Organs and Tissues

IV. Nitrogen Balance

V. The Value of Measurements on Blood and Urine for the Assessment of Protein Nutrition

VI. Measurement of Total Amino Acid or Nitrogen Turnover

VII. The Effect of Nutritional State on Plasma Albumin Turnover

VIII. General Conclusions

References

Chapter 29 Methodology of Protein Evaluation

I. Introduction

II. Weight Gain Methods

III. Nitrogen Balance Methods

IV. Net Protein Utilization

V. Comparison of Nitrogen Utilization and Weight Gain Methods

VI. Chemical Scoring Methods

VII. Miscellaneous Methods

VIII. Availability of Amino Acids

IX. Supplementary Value of Proteins

X. Evaluation of Diets

XI. Significance of Amino Acid Requirements in Methods for Protein Evaluation

XII. Summary

References

Chapter 30 Analysis of Tissues and Body Fluids for Nitrogenous Constituents

I. Introduction

II. Estimation of Total Nitrogen

III. Estimation of Protein

IV. Measurement of Nucleic Acids in Tissues

V. Measurement of Tissue Phospholipid Nitrogen

VI. Measurement of Nitrogen-Containing Small Molecules

VII. General Aspects of Tissue Analysis for Nitrogenous Constituents

References

Author Index

Subject Index