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Elsevier

Books in Engineering and technology

The Engineering and Technology portfolio includes comprehensive overviews of all major research and practical developments in aerospace and automotive engineering, civil and environmental engineering, mechanical and industrial engineering, materials engineering, electrical engineering, communications engineering, and more. In-depth coverage, innovative state-of-the-art approaches, and real-world case studies provide valuable, actionable insights for researchers, applied engineers and students. The content in Elsevier's Engineering and Technology books program addresses core issues in industry and society, such as sustainability, the circular economy, AI, and automation.

  • Random Fatigue

    From Data to Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • K. Sobczyk + 1 more
    • English
    For many years fatigue has been a significant and difficult problem for engineers, especially for those who design structures such as aircraft, bridges, pressure vessels, and cranes. Fatigue of engineering materials is commonly regarded as an important deterioration process and a principal mode of failure for various structural and mechanical systems. This book presents a unified approach to stochastic modeling of the fatigue phenomenon, particularly the fatigue crack growth process. The main approaches to construction of these stochastic models are presented to show their methodological consistency and potential usefulness in engineering practice. The analyses contained in this work should also inspire the development of new approaches for designing and performing fatigue experiments.

  • Transmission Lines With Pulse Excitation

    • 1st Edition
    • George Metzger
    • English
    Transmission Lines with Pulse Excitation aims to provide engineers with a guide to the solution of the problem on the behavior of a pulse signal on a transmission line. The book begins with an introduction to the general equations for transmission lines and the simplest pulse, the unit step. Chapters II and III present the numerical and graphical representation of the methods of traveling waves. Chapter IV is devoted to the study of the problem on the propagation of an arbitrary pulse on an arbitrary line. The final chapter describes the behavior of a line in the sinusoidal steady state. The text will be highly useful to radio engineers and students of engineering.

  • Frequency Response Testing in Nuclear Reactors

    • 1st Edition
    • T Kerlin
    • English
    Frequency Response Testing in Nuclear Reactors presents the optimum testing procedures for measurements in power reactors. This eight-chapter book emphasizes the determination of the system frequency response using nonsinusoidal input perturbations, which are useful since normal power reactor hardware can be used. This text deals first with the mathematical aspects of frequency response testing, with a particular emphasis on numerical Fourier transformations using analog or digital equipment. The subsequent chapters examine the important signals for use in frequency responses tests and the analysis of these signals using analog and digital computing equipment. The discussion then shifts to the frequency response functions that describe nuclear reactor dynamics. This topic is followed by a presentation of techniques for extracting useful information from test results. A chapter highlights the most common control-rod drive mechanisms to assess their suitability for dynamics testing. The concluding chapter provides a brief summary of significant experiences with dynamics tests in nuclear reactors. Scientists, researchers, and workers in the field of nuclear reactors and related subjects will find this book invaluable.

  • Applied Optics and Optical Engineering V7

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Shannon
    • English
    Applied Optics and Optical Engineering, Volume VII discusses the developments and improvements in some areas of applied optics. This book contains eight chapters that tackle the concepts, techniques, and process vital to optical engineering design. This book deals first with the luminous properties and spectral radiance of incoherent light sources, followed by an overview of plastic optical components. The subsequent chapters describe the refractive and reflective characteristics of various optical materials, such as optical glass, crystals, and vitreous silica glass. These topics are followed by a discussion on the macro- and micro-image properties and signal-to-noise transfer during photographic recording, which are crucial to the proper utilization of photographic materials in optical applications. This volume further provides the tools required for the analysis of the propagation of laser beams. A chapter explores the scalar and vector scattering theories for light scattering calculation of correlated surface microirregularities. The final chapter emphasizes the significant role of adaptive optical techniques for wave-front correction and removal of deleterious phase perturbations. This book will be greatly appreciated by applied scientists and optical engineers.

  • Laser Speckle and Applications in Optics

    • 1st Edition
    • M Francon
    • English
    Laser Speckle and Applications in Optics focuses on developments in laser speckle techniques, with emphasis on the experimental aspect of phenomena and on applications in optics. These applications include interference with scattered light, optical processing of images, and studies of surface roughness as well as displacements and deformations of diffuse objects. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins by reviewing the elements of diffraction theory and the properties of speckle in the image of a diffuse object. The discussion then turns to speckle in the near field and interferometry with diffuse light, along with experiments in which interference patterns are produced from photographically superimposed laterally shifted speckle patterns. The following chapters consider optical processing of images modulated by speckle; deformations and displacements of diffuse objects; speckle applications in astronomy; and surface roughness measurements. The final chapter looks at the use of laser speckle to study transparent objects; the average shape of diffuse surfaces; the transfer functions and aberrations of optical systems; and the movement of diffuse objects. This monograph will be of value to physicists and researchers as well as those interested in lasers and optics.

  • Phase Diagrams 6-IV

    Materials Science and Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • Allen Alper
    • English
    Refractory Materials: A Series of Monographs Volume IV is a collection of works from different scientists who have made important discoveries in fields related to chemistry. The text covers topics such as chemical vapor deposition – its general aspects, selection of reactions, and parameters; solid-gas phase diagrams and open-tube processes; and the experimental resolution of solid-vapor equilibria. Also covered are topics such as phase behavior and related properties of rare-earth borides, crystal chemistry, the use of phase diagrams in the research and development of phosphor materials, and phase equilibria in magnetic oxide materials. The book is recommended for chemists and materials scientists who would like to know more about the studies of other experts in the field and their applications.

  • Speckle Metrology

    • 1st Edition
    • R Erf
    • English
    Speckle Metrology presents a diverse and wide collection of metrological speckle techniques and applications. The book discusses both theoretical concepts and experimental methods in speckle-based measurements. Some chapters introduce speckle terminology and the physical characteristics of speckle. Other aspects also covered in the book include methodology, system geometries, data reduction procedures, and specific applications. These applications are discussed in detail in individual chapters, such as structures inspection. Adaptation of speckle measurement techniques in video recording and processing technology is also given emphasis in one chapter. Finally, one chapter is dedicated to a discussion on the speckle interferometer as one of the most used instrument in metrological speckle application. This text is a valuable reference to students in the fields of engineering and applied science.

  • Windship Technology

    Proceedings of the International Symposium on Windship Technology (WINDTECH ' 85), Southampton, U.K., April 24-25, 1985
    • 1st Edition
    • C Satchwell
    • English
    Windship Technology, Part A contains the proceedings of the International Symposium on Windship Technology (WINDTECH '85), held at the University of Southampton, England, on April 24-25, 1985. The symposium provided a forum for discussing developments in windship technology, including the use of calculation methods to analyze wind propulsion on cargo ships and weather routing for wind-assisted ships. Measurements of the comparative performance of sailing rigs are also presented. Comprised of 17 chapters, this volume begins by tracing the revival of serious interest in the possible use of the wind in ship propulsion over the past decade, and giving examples of the wide range of rigs that have been developed and are now installed on ships. The reader is then introduced to Project INDOSAIL intended to develop cargo sailing vessels for the Indonesian inter-island trade. Subsequent chapters focus on sail-assist developments from 1979 to 1984; economic aspects of the application of additional sail power on small German fishing vessels; sail retrofit on inter-island vessels in Fiji; and the aerodynamics of a triangular jib-and-boom combination. The book concludes with an evaluation of two-dimensional sail shape determined by pressure and its tension. This book will appeal to government officials, academics, ship owners, and other parties with an interest in windship technology.

  • Information Linkage between Applied Mathematics and Industry

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Wang
    • English
    Information Linkage Between Applied Mathematics and Industry is a collection of papers dealing with mathematics in engineering context and applications. One paper describes Chernoff faces as a technique of representing multidimensional data and compares the technique with Andrews' sine curves and Anderson's metroglyphys. Another paper investigates practical problems that can arise during implementation of the methods of parameter optimization, using as an example the trajectory of the space shuttle from liftoff to insertion into orbit. One paper analyzes Soviet foreign policy using a graphical representation of k-dimensional data as a statistical tool, written specifically for analysts in foreign policy and international relations. During the period 1964-1975, Soviet foreign policy is active in 25 Sub-Saharan African countries. Another paper discusses ballistics modeling in real time and recommends that investigators be familiar with the computer language to be used, the type of system to be applied, the type of weapon to be modeled, the accuracy required, and other existing ballistic programs. Other papers discuss probabilistic dynamic programming for fault isolation and applied mathematics, as well as engineering in the transport of Antarctic ice resources. The collection can prove valuable to mathematicians, engineers, or designers of industrial processes, computers, aviation, and space technology.

  • Biosynthesis and biodegradation of wood components

    • 1st Edition
    • Takayoshi Higuchi
    • English
    Biosynthesis and Biodegradation of Wood Components is a comprehensive account of the biosynthesis and biodegradation of wood and wood components. Topics covered range from the localization of polysaccharides and lignins in wood cell walls to the metabolism and synthetic function of cambial tissue, along with the function of cell organelles in the biosynthesis of cell wall components. The biosynthesis of plant cell wall polysaccharides is also discussed. This book is comprised of 22 chapters and begins with an overview of the structure of wood, with emphasis on three aspects of sections of wood: the cross or transverse section, the tangential section, and the radial section or face. The following chapters deal with the structure and chemistry of the major components of wood cell walls; the metabolism and synthetic function of cambial tissue; the function of organelles involved in biosynthesis; and the biosynthesis both of the major cell wall components of wood (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and lignins) and of wood extractives. The microbial degradation of cell wall components and aromatic extractives of wood is also considered, together with the microorganisms involved in lignin biodegradation as well as the physiology and biochemistry of degradation by white-rot fungi. This monograph will be of interest to biochemists as well as students and researchers in biochemistry.

  • Dye Laser Principles

    With Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Frank J. Duarte + 1 more
    • English
    A tutorial introduction to the field of dye lasers, Dye Laser Principles also serves as an up-to-date overview for those using dye lasers as research and industrial tools. A number of the issues discussed in this book are pertinent not only to dye lasers but also to lasers in general. Most of the chapters in the book contain problem sets that expand on the material covered in the chapter.

  • Planning for Groundwater Protection

    • 1st Edition
    • G. William Page
    • English
    Planning for Groundwater Protection focuses on toxic substances contamination problems of groundwater in the United States and other industrially developed countries. This book discusses the potential health risks of toxic substances caused by contamination of groundwater. Organized into 14 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the method in which pollutants enter the groundwater system and the natural defense mechanisms operative in the subsurface. This text then proceeds with a discussion of the groundwater monitoring activities that are necessary for groundwater planning and protection, which includes protecting groundwater from pollution and protecting groundwater supplies from overdraft. Other chapters consider the laws and institutions that are established to protect groundwater from contamination, including the Safe Drinking Water Act, the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA) laws implemented by the Environmental Protection Agency. This book is a valuable resource for sanitarians, environmentalists, chemical engineers, and urban planners.

  • Medical Engineering

    Projections for Health Care Delivery
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Rushmer
    • English
    Medical Engineering: Projections for Health Care Delivery focuses on the biomedical engineering techniques and technology in the health care delivery system. This book examines the need for forecasting in basic bioengineering research. Organized into two parts encompassing 10 chapters, this book starts with an overview of how biomedical engineering influences the resultant problems in health care system through improved long-range planning, instrumentation, design optimization, and management. This text then discusses the application of mathematics, physical sciences, and engineering to problems of medicine and biology. Other chapters explore the primary goal of biomedical engineering in the continued development improvement of the various diagnostic and therapeutic tools of health care to optimize their safety, reliability, effectiveness, and overall benefit. Other chapters consider the diversity of personnel and organizational relationships, which have expanded greatly with the expanding role of technology in medicine. The final chapter deals with the public demands for improved health care delivery at reasonable cost. This book is a valuable resource for biomedical engineers, life scientists, physicians, and health professionals.

  • Control and Dynamic Systems V59: Computer-Aided Design/Engineering (Cad/Cae) Techniques And Their Applications Part 2 of 2

    Advances in Theory and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • C.T. Leonides
    • English
    Control and Dynamic Systems, Volume 59: Computer-Aided Design/Engineering (CAD/CAE) Techniques and Their Applications Part 2 of 2 is the second of a two-volume sequence that manifests the significance and the power of CAD/CAE techniques that are available and their further development for the essential role they play in the design of modern engineering systems. The volume contains 10 chapters and begins with an in-depth treatment of the essential integration that must exist between design and manufacturing systems. This is followed by separate chapters on object-oriented programming (OOP) and graphical user interface (GUI); technologies that support the CAD/CAE design process, in particular, by means of the PC and the workstation; and the role of a geometrically associative analysis modeler in the design optimization process. Subsequent chapters deal with finite analysis modeling for the integration of CAD/CAE technology and finite element method; the mechanical analysis of two large structures: the world's largest telescope the 8m ESO-VLT and a 3-D nuclear power plant heat exchanger; and techniques for CAD for electromagnetic systems and components. The final chapters cover aircraft structural design; techniques for determining the adequacy of the number of grids (i.e., grid quality control) in computational fluid dynamics (CFD); and techniques or the optimum design of control systems using system model variables and parameters. The contributions to this volume will provide a significant and, perhaps, unique reference source for students, research workers, practicing engineers, and others on the international scene for many years.

  • Control Dynamics of Robotic Manipulators

    • 1st Edition
    • J Skowronski
    • English
    Control Dynamics of Robotic Manipulators deals with both theory and mechanics of control and systems dynamics used in robotic movements. The book discusses mechanical models of robot manipulators in relation to modular RP-unit manipulators, multiple mechanical system (Cartesian Model), or generalized coordinates (Lagrangian Model). The text also describes equations used to determine the force characteristics, energy, and power required in manipulators. For example, damping forces dissipate energy caused by dry friction or viscous damping at mechanical joints due to slips and sheer effects on surfaces. Other examples are oil, water, and air resistance in the environment of the manipulator, as well as damping in links caused by microscopic interface effects. Demands for high-speed and high-accuracy in manipulators require sturdiness in control against variations in the system parameter. The book cites a situation where the manipulator works in a "hot cell" and must be controlled remotely. The text also tackles the avoidance of obstacles by nonvisual means by referring to the works of Lozano, Perez and Wesley, and of Reibert and Horn. The text is useful for students of civil, structural, and mechanical engineering. It will also profit technicians of automatic, telecontrol, and designers of industrial machinery.

  • Ultraviolet and Visible Absorption Spectra

    • 1st Edition
    • Herbert Hershenson
    • English
    Ultraviolet and Visible Absorption Spectra, Index for 1930-1954 is a reference volume listing of ultraviolet and visible absorption spectra in the literature. This book contains about 32,000 references to published absorption spectra in 27 important American and European journals and one book. The index is arranged according to the compounds whose spectra are given. The indexing arrangement is roughly similar to that used in Chemical Abstracts, although it has not been practical to conform to Chemical Abstracts nomenclature throughout. Wherever possible, all references for a particular compound have been listed under a single name, but there will be some instances where listings for the compound may be found under several different names. The rules used by Chemical Abstracts have been followed where practical, but some inconsistencies will be found. Researchers in the fields of organic, inorganic, and analytical chemistry will find this Index a great value.

  • Medium and High Temperature

    • 1st Edition
    • Jan Kreider
    • English
    Medium and High Temperature Solar Processes discusses the principles and economic viability of medium- and high-temperature solar processes. This book is organized into seven chapters that focus on the second law of thermodynamics and its use in matching solar collection methods to thermal processes. It also provides general design guidelines for small- and intermediate-scale applications of solar processes. The opening chapter presents an overview of energy use patterns in the United States and of the various solar-thermal processes considered in the book. The concepts of economics of solar systems and possible environmental impacts are also summarized. Chapter 2 deals with the quantity, geographic availability, and quality of solar radiation, with a particular emphasis on beam or direct radiation since it has the highest thermodynamic availability and is used by most elevated-temperature collectors. This chapter also describes the trigonometry of various solar tracking modes and optical properties of materials. Chapter 3 considers selected topics on thermodynamics and heat transfer, including various heat engine designs and their first and second law efficiencies; radiation heat transfer; and the properties of selective surfaces usable at high temperature. Chapter 4 covers the components and systems for medium-temperature processes, such as concentrating collectors, thermal storage, heat exchangers, and energy transport systems. Chapter 5 treats systems for power production, shaft power, industrial process heat, and total energy. Chapter 6 presents engineering design data for high-temperature collectors and their use in solar furnaces; central solar power plants; distributed power plants; and solar thermionics. The concluding chapter addresses the economics of the foregoing systems with an emphasis on methods and principles of analysis.

  • Industrial Applications of Lasers

    • 1st Edition
    • John Ready
    • English
    Industrial Applications of Lasers focuses on how lasers have been used for practical applications in industry. This text aims to stimulate the imagination of the readers, who can then evaluate the potential application of lasers to solve their own problems. Comprised of 21 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the fundamental background of lasers, and then discusses the basic principles of how lasers operate. Other chapters provide an understanding of how holograms really work. This text also discusses several topics relevant to lasers, themselves, including the types of practical lasers and laser properties. This book considers laser safety, which is very important for anyone considering a laser application. Finally, this text explores the various developed laser applications, including scribing of ceramics, laser welding and cutting of metals, as well as applications in surveying, alignment, and metrology. This book is a valuable resource to laser technicians, physicists, scientists, researchers, and readers whose interests span a variety of fields.

  • Digital Image Processing Techniques

    • 1st Edition
    • Michael P. Ekstrom
    • English
    Digital Image Processing Techniques is a state-of-the-art review of digital image processing techniques, with emphasis on the processing approaches and their associated algorithms. A canonical set of image processing problems that represent the class of functions typically required in most image processing applications is presented. Each chapter broadly addresses the problem being considered; the best techniques for this particular problem and how they work; their strengths and limitations; and how the techniques are actually implemented as well as their computational aspects. Comprised of eight chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on processing techniques associated with the following tasks: image enhancement, restoration, detection and estimation, reconstruction, and analysis, along with image data compression and image spectral estimation. The second section describes hardware and software systems for digital image processing. Aspects of commercially available systems that combine both processing and display functions are considered, as are future prospects for their technological and architectural evolution. The specifics of system design trade-offs are explicitly presented in detail. This book will be of interest to students, practitioners, and researchers in various disciplines including digital signal processing, computer science, statistical communications theory, control systems, and applied physics.

  • Geo-Electromagnetism

    • 1st Edition
    • James Wait
    • English
    Geo-Electromagnetism surveys the theoretical concepts and applications of electrical prospecting methods. This book is divided into seven chapters that specifically tackle the basic electromagnetic concepts and the special mathematical functions. This text deals first with the numerical and analytical approaches to delineate earth resistivity principles, followed by a description of the three-layer model. These topics are followed by a discussion on the theory of induced electrical polarization. The subsequent chapters are devoted to relevant electromagnetic theory of low-frequency current flow in conducting with varying fields. The discussion then shifts to the geophysical problems associated with vertical electric dipole sources, with an emphasis on the quasi-static range in which all significant distances are small compared with the free-space wavelength. The last chapters outline the relevant analytical development of the magnetotelluric theory and the theoretical principles of the transient electromagnetic methods used in geophysical exploration. Geophysicists, theoreticians, and undergraduate level students will find this book invaluable.

  • Multiphase Flow 1995

    • 1st Edition
    • A. Serizawa + 2 more
    • English
    There is increasing world-wide interest in obtaining an understanding of various multiphase flow phenomena and problems in terms of a common language of multiphase flow. This volume contains state-of-the-art papers which have been contributed from all over the world by experts working on all aspects of multiphase flows. The volume also highlights international technology-sharing in the fields of energy, environment and public health, in order to create a brighter and sustainable future for man and for all life in the next century. It is intended that this volume will serve as a major source of literature for the advancement of multiphase flow and allied fields.

  • Design Guidelines for Surface Mount Technology

    • 1st Edition
    • John Traister
    • English
    Design Guidelines for Surface Mount Technology covers the basics and the mechanics of surface mounted design technology. Surface mount technology (SMT) embodies an automated circuit assembly process, using a generation of electronic components called surface mounted devices (SMDs). Organized into eight chapters, the book discusses the component selection, space planning, materials and processes, and total concept needed to ensure a manufacturable design. The opening chapters of the book examine the significant requirements and variables affecting SMT and SMDs. The book then deals with the substrate materials specifications, including fabrication and material planning, assembly, design rules, layout guidelines, package outlines, and bar code labeling. The next chapters describe the manufacturing and assembly processes in SMDs and process-proven footprint patterns for each of the component types used, as well as guidelines for creating a suitable pattern on future products. Other chapters discuss the component spacing requirements for SMT and the generation of footprint patterns for passive and active components of SMDs. The concluding chapter describes the design criteria for maximizing machine insertion of leaded electronic components into printed circuit boards (PCBs). These criteria aid the PCB designer by detailing the considerations and some of the trade-offs that will provide reliable insertion in a production environment. Supplementary texts on surface mount equipment, supplies, and services are also provided. Design engineers and researchers will find this book invaluable.

  • Ultraviolet and Visible Absorption Spectra 2e

    • 1st Edition
    • Herbert Hershenson
    • English
    Ultraviolet and Visible Absorption Spectra: Index for 1960-1963 aims to provide supplement with more than 25,000 references to spectra and their locations and listings that have been published from 1960 to 1963. The index entries are arranged in an alphabetical order, allowing for easy reference. Also indexed are the names of well-known chemistry journals published during 1960-1963, as well as their abbreviations. The monograph is recommended for chemists who would like to know more about the spectra of different compounds, as well as chemists who would like to be informed of different publications in the field within 1960 to 1963.

  • An Introduction to Elementary Particles

    • 2nd Edition
    • W.S.C. Williams
    • English
    An Introduction to Elementary Particles, Second Edition aims to give an introduction to the theoretical methods and ideas used to describe how elementary particles behave, as well as interpret some of the phenomena associated with it. The book covers topics such as quantum mechanics; brats, kets, vectors, and linear operations; angular momentum; scattering and reaction theory; the polarization and angularization of spin-0-spin-1/2 scattering; and symettery, isotopic spin, and hypercharge. The book also discusses particles such as bosons, baryons, mesons, kaons, and hadrons, as well as the interactions between them. The text is recommended for physicists, especially those who are practitioners and researchers in the fields of quantum physics and elementary-particle physics.

  • Evaluation of diagnostic systems

    • 1st Edition
    • John Swets
    • English
    Evaluation of Diagnostic Systems: Methods from Signal Detection Theory addresses the many issues that arise in evaluating the performance of a diagnostic system, across the wide range of settings in which such systems are used. These settings include clinical medicine, industrial quality control, environmental monitoring and investigation, machine and metals inspection, military monitoring, information retrieval, and crime investigation. The book is divided into three parts encompassing 11 chapters that emphasize the interpretation of diagnostic visual images by human observers. The first part of the book describes quantitative methods for measuring the accuracy of a system and the statistical techniques for drawing inferences from performance tests. The subsequent part covers study design and includes a detailed description of the form and conduct of an image-interpretation test. The concluding part examines the case study of a medical imaging system that serves as an example of both simple and complex applications. In this part, three mammographic modalities are used: industrial film radiography, low-dose film radiography, and xeroradiography. The case study focuses on the overall reliability of accuracy indices made by its main components, that is, the variabilities across cases, across readers, and within individual readers. The supplementary texts provide study protocols, a computer program for processing test results, and an extensive list of references that will assist the reader in applying those evaluative methods to diagnostic systems in any setting. This book is of value to scientists and engineers, as well as to applied, quantitative, or experimental psychologists who are engaged in the study of the human processes of discrimination and decision making in either perceptual or cognitive tasks.

  • Seismic Risk and Engineering Decisions

    • 1st Edition
    • Cinna Lomnitz
    • English
    Seismic Risk and Engineering Decisions attempts to bridge the gap in decision making between earthquake characteristics and structural behavior. The book begins by providing the background on earthquake generation and characteristics. It reviews the present state of matters in seismicity assessment and treats uncertainties explicitly. The impact of earthquakes on large bodies of water and structures is also discussed. These discussions set the stage for the final part of the book, which deals with the principles and implications of seismic design decision analysis. The book also delves into the selection of instruments for seismological research and engineering applications, with emphasis on widely used conventional seismological equipment. This book is intended to help experienced consulting engineers in assessing seismic risk and making rational decisions when locating and designing important engineering works and when drafting building codes and land use regulations. It will also provide advanced students of engineering with bases for benefiting from his future experience.

  • An Introduction to Thermomechanics

    • 2nd Edition
    • Volume 21
    • H. Ziegler
    • English
    North-Holland Series in Applied Mathematics and Mechanics, Volume 21: An Introduction to Thermomechanics, Second Revised Edition focuses on the methodologies, reactions, and processes involved in thermomechanics, including kinematics, thermodynamics, elasticity, and tensors. The book first offers information on kinematics, kinetics, and thermodynamics. Discussions focus on field theory, state variables, momentum theorems, state of stress, energy theorem, state of motion, small displacements, and material derivatives. The manuscript then ponders on material properties, ideal liquids, linear elasticity, and inviscid gases. The text elaborates on viscous fluids, plastic bodies, viscoelasticity, and general tensors. Topics include tensor algebra, mechanical constitutive relations, thermomechanical extension, hereditary integrals, perfectly plastic bodies, turbulence, and basic equations. The book then reviews viscoelastic bodies, plasticity, non-Newtonian liquids, and maximal dissipation. The publication is a valuable reference for researchers wanting to dig deeper into thermomechanics.

  • Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • Edith Turi
    • English
    Thermal Characterization of Polymeric Materials is a critical review and a concise evaluation of the application of thermal analysis in polymer science and engineering. This book is divided into nine chapters that specifically tackle the instrumentation, theory, and a wide variety of applications of thermal characterization. The introductory chapters provide an overview of all aspects of thermal analytical methods and apparatus and the theory underlying the basic principles of thermal analysis. These chapters also examine the theories and functions of state for thermometry, dilatometry, thermomechanical analysis, calorimetry, thermogravimetry. These topics are followed by a discussion on single-component and multicomponent systems and their phase transitions, as influenced by concentration, pressure, deformation, molecular weight, and copolymerization. The subsequent chapters explore the influence of important chemical and physical parameters on the glass transition, crystallization, and melting of thermoplastic materials. The discussion then shifts to the theoretical aspects of polymer-polymer compatibility, phase separation, and miscibility in mixed polymer systems. This book further considers the thermal analysis in thermosets, elastomers, and fibers. The concluding chapters present the methods of obtaining information on the relative flammability properties of polymers, for screening fire retardant additives, and for studying the mechanism of flame inhibition. These chapters also look into the thermal analysis of antioxidants, stabilizers, lubricants, plasticizers, impact modifiers, and fire retardants. Polymer scientists and researchers will find this book invaluable.

  • Thermal Analysis V1

    Instrumention,Organic Materials, and Polymers
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert F. Jr. Schwenker
    • English
    Thermal Analysis, Volume 1: Instrumentation, Organic Materials, and Polymers is a collection of papers presented at the Second International Conference on Thermal Analysis, held in Holy Cross College, Worcester, Massachusetts on August 18-23, 1968. The papers highlight a wide range of applications, from fundamental thermodynamics and kinetics to industrial process development. This book is divided into two major sections encompassing 45 chapters. The first section emphasizes the developments in the instrumentation aspects of thermal analysis. This section deals first with the developments of thermal analysis equipment, methods, and their corresponding application to various fields, including in pharmaceutical research. This section also examines the technique of differential thermal analysis, microcalorimetry, thermogravimetry, mass spectrometry, pyrolysis-flame detection, and thermal volatilization analysis. The second section explores the application of thermal analysis to organic materials, such as polymers and elastomer systems. This section specifically looks into the potential of differential thermal analysis, thermogravimetry, and time-of-flight mass spectrometry in analysis of specific organic materials. Measurements of electrical conductivity, magnetic, dielectric, photoelectric, thermodynamic, and thermophysical properties are also provided.

  • Optical Fiber Communications

    Fiber Fabrication
    • 1st Edition
    • Tingye Li
    • English
    Optical Fiber Communications, Volume 1: Fiber Fabrication focuses on the science, engineering, and application of information transmission through optical fibers. This book discusses the materials and processes for fiber fabrication, fiber theory, design, and measurement, as well as passive components, cabling, active devices, systems, and applications. Organized into five chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD), the outside vapor deposition (OVD), and the vapor-phase axial deposition (VAD) processes. This text then explores the important development with respect to the drawing of glass fibers, particularly those that serve as optical waveguides in telecommunications applications. Other chapters discuss the progress in fiber strength from short-length research fibers to large quantities that give confidence in the manufacturability of high-strength, long-length fibers. The final chapter discusses the advances in the technologies of optical-fiber manufacture. This book is a valuable resource for process engineers, technicians, scientists, and optical fiber manufacturers.

  • The Chemical Technology of Wood

    • 1st Edition
    • Harmann Wenzl
    • English
    The Chemical Technology of Wood is an eight-chapter introductory text on the developments in understanding the chemistry of wood and its chemical-technologic... utilization. The opening chapters of this book cover the productive aspects of forests, followed by a description of the anatomy and physical properties of wood. The subsequent chapter presents a summative wood analysis concerning its cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin, and other extraneous components. This topic is followed by a presentation of several destructive processing of wood, including acid hydrolysis, pyrolysis, oxidation, and hydrogenolysis. The remaining chapters describe the pulp production through sulfite cooking and using alkaline reagents. This book will prove useful to chemists, engineers, biologists, foresters, and economists.

  • Fatigue of Composite Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 4
    • K.L. Reifsnider
    • English
    This book provides the first comprehensive review of its kind on the long-term behaviour of composite materials and structures subjected to time variable mechanical, thermal, and chemical influences, a subject of critical importance to the design, development, and certification of high performance engineering structures. Specific topics examined include damage, damage characterization, and damage mechanics; fatigue testing and evaluation; fatigue behaviour of short and long fibre reinforced polymer and metal matrix materials; viscoelastic and moisture effects; delamination; statistical considerations; the modeling of cumulative damage development; and life prediction. The volume provides an extensive presentation of data, discussions, and comparisons on the behaviour of the major types of material systems in current use, as well as extensive analysis and modeling (including the first presentation of work not found elsewhere). The book will be of special interest to engineers concerned with reliability, maintainability, safety, certification, and damage tolerance; to materials developers concerned with making materials for long-term service, especially under severe loads and environments, and to lecturers, students, and researchers involved in material system design, performance, solid mechanics, fatigue, durability, and composite materials. The scope of the work extends from entry level material to the frontiers of the subject.

  • Electromagnetic Fluctuations In Plasma

    • 1st Edition
    • A Sitenko
    • English
    Electromagnetic Fluctuations in Plasma focuses on the theoretical investigation of the electromagnetic properties of a plasma (an ionized gas). The manuscript first takes a look at the general theory of fluctuations and electromagnetic fluctuations in media with space-time dispersion. Discussions focus on spectral distribution of the fluctuations and energy dissipation in the medium; dielectric and magnetic permittivities in a medium with spatial dispersion; current, charge, and field fluctuations in a medium; and inversion of the fluctuation-dissipat... theorem. The text then examines the electrodynamic properties of an electron plasma and electromagnetic fluctuations in an electron plasma. The publication ponders on fluctuations in an electron-ion plasma and electron plasma in a magnetic field. Topics include plasma dielectric permittivity tensor in a magnetic field; longitudinal plasma oscillations in a magnetic field; fluctuations in charge and current densities in an equilibrium electron-ion plasma; and electron and ion density fluctuations in an equilibrium plasma. The text also tackles the passage of charged particles through plasma and dynamic friction and diffusion coefficients in a plasma. The book is a dependable reference for readers interested in the study of the electromagnetic properties of a plasma.

  • Control and Dynamic Systems V54: System Performance Improvement and Optimization Techniques and Their Applications in Aerospace Systems

    Advances in Theory and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • C.T. Leonides
    • English
    Control and Dynamic Systems: Advances in Theory and Applications, Volume 54: System Performance Improvement and Optimization Techniques and their Applications in Aerospace Systems covers the issue of aerospace system performance and optimization techniques in aerospace systems. This book is composed of 12 chapters and begins with an examination of the techniques for aircraft conceptual design for mission performance. The succeeding chapters describe the balances and optimized design for aircraft and spacecraft structures through finite element procedures and the application of the knowledge-based system techniques for pilot aiding. These topics are followed by discussions of the optimal sensor placement for on-orbit modal identification experiments; the optimization techniques for helicopter airframe vibrations design; the size reduction techniques for efficient aeroservoelastic model determination; sensitivity analysis of eigendata of aeroelastic systems; and a simplified solution for transient structural dynamic problems with local nonlinearities. Other chapters explore a reduction algorithm for systems with integrators and the techniques for overcoming the difficulty of nonuniqueness of mode shape in modal analysis when random input data are not or cannot be measured. The last chapters consider the combined concepts of Krylov vectors and parameter matching and their application to develop model-reduction algorithms for structural dynamics. These chapters also provide the techniques for the development of new tracking algorithms that would incorporate explicit models of the maneuvering/nonmaneu... phases of target encounter. This book will prove useful to aerospace, control, systems, and design engineers.

  • Basic Developments in Fluid Dynamics

    • 1st Edition
    • Maurice Holt
    • English
    Basic Developments in Fluid Dynamics, Volume 2 focuses on the developments, approaches, methodologies, reactions, and processes involved in fluid dynamics, including sea motion, wave interactions, and motion of spheres in a viscous fluid. The selection first offers information on inviscid cavity and wake flows and weak-interaction theory of ocean waves. Discussions focus on steady and unsteady cavity flows, radiation balance, theory of weak interactions in random fields, interactions between gravity waves and the atmosphere, and interactions within the ocean. The text then examines low Reynolds number flows, including fundamentals, expansion procedures, stokes in flow solutions, flows with a free surface, and compressible flows. The selection is a dependable source of information for graduate students, research workers, and readers interested in fluid dynamics.

  • Energy Resources through Photochemistry and Catalysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Gratzel
    • English
    Energy Resources through Photochemistry and Catalysis reviews the state of the art in the development of energy conversion devices based on catalytic and photochemical reactions. The focus is on catalysis of redox reactions and their application to the photocleavage of water, reduction of carbon dioxide, and fixation of nitrogen. Some fundamental aspects of catalysis as it relates to processes of light energy harvesting and charge separation in photochemical or photoelectrochemical conversion systems are also discussed. This monograph is comprised of 16 chapters covering light-induced redox reactions and reaction dynamics in organized assemblies such as micelles, colloidal metals, or semiconductors, together with strategies for molecular engineering of artificial photosynthetic devices. The principles of electrochemical conversion of light energy via semiconductor electrodes or semiconducting particles are also considered. Furthermore, thermodynamic characteristics for some reactions that can be utilized for storage of solar energy in the form of chemical energy are examined. The remaining chapters look at the role of porphyrins in natural and artificial photosynthesis; the use of semiconductor powders and particulate systems for photocatalysis and photosynthesis; and hydrogen-generating solar cells based on platinum-group metal activated photocathodes. This text will be a useful resource for scientists and policymakers concerned with finding alternative sources of energy.

  • Incineration of Municipal and Hazardous Solid Wastes

    • 1st Edition
    • David A. Tillman
    • English
    Incineration of Wastes address the developments in the application of the combustion process to the incineration of solid municipal and hazardous wastes and examines its fundamental scientific basis. The text covers topics such as the generation and management of hazardous wastes; the fuel properties and process of municipal solid waste combustion; and mass burn systems for the combustion of municipal solid waste, its case studies, and the manipulation of its processes. Also covered are topics such as the production and combustion of refuse derived fuels, the fundamentals of hazardous solid waste combustion, and permanent solid hazardous waste incineration systems. The book is recommended for sanitation engineers and scientists who would like to know more about the use of municipal solid wastes as an energy source through the process of incineration.

  • Liquid Scintillation Counting

    Recent Developments
    • 1st Edition
    • Philip Stanley
    • English
    Liquid Scintillation Counting: Recent Developments presents the Proceedings of the International Symposium on Liquid Scintillation Counting, held in Sydney, Australia, on August 20-22, 1973. It summarizes the current status of recent developments in Iiquid scintillation spectrometry. It looks at the important role of liquid scintillation spectrometry in universities, laboratories and institutes involved in agriculture, biomedical science, geophysics, and nuclear physics. Organized into 32 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the scintillation process in organic molecular systems and liquid scintillation counting. It then discusses the background of a coincidence-type liquid scintillation counter, which is divided into three components. The reader is also introduced to the basic concepts involved in mathematical modeling. This volume includes papers dealing with solubilizers, spark ignition system, radiocarbon dating, benzene synthesis, liquid scintillation chemicals, luminous bacteria, and stochastic multidimensional model for liquid scintillation spectrometer. This book is a valuable source of information for scientists, agriculturists, geophysicists, and nuclear physicists.

  • Advanced Materials '93

    Ceramics, Powders, Corrosion and Advanced Processing
    • 1st Edition
    • Shigeyuki Somiya
    • English
    Ceramics, Powders, Corrosion and Advanced Processing covers the proceedings of the Third International Union of Materials Research Societies (IUMRS) International Conference on Advanced Materials (ICAM), held in Sunshine City, Ikebukuro, Tokyo, Japan from August 31 to September 4, 1993. The said conference discusses the procedures for advanced materials. The book is divided into four parts. Part 1 includes topics such as preparation of powders from different compounds and substances and the application of different methods and techniques. Part 2 talks about high temperature oxidations and corrosions; degradation resistance of thermal barrier coatings; the environmental effects on corrosion behavior of stainless steel; effect of gas composition and pressure on high temperature corrosion; and other related concepts. Part 3 includes topics such as fatigue-crack behavior; the factors that lead to it; fracture resistance and how it is increased; and the application of ceramics to heat-resistant engines and turbines. Part 4 covers the advanced processing of ceramics, and Part 5 deals with the fabrication of silicon-based ceramics. The text is highly recommended for chemists and engineers in the field of ceramics who would like to know more about the advances in its studies and research.

  • Control and Dynamic Systems V40: Advances in Robotic Systems Part 2 of 2

    Advances in Theory and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • C.T. Leonides
    • English
    Advances in Robotic Systems, Part 2 is the second of a companion set of two volumes on advances in robotic systems dynamics and control. This book comprises nine chapters, with the first focusing on kinesthetic feedback techniques in teleoperated systems. The succeeding chapters then delve into topics such as parallel algorithms and fault-tolerant reconfigurable architecture for robot kinematics and dynamics computations; trajectory planning for robot control; and a control systems perspective. Other chapters cover simplified techniques for adaptive control of robotic systems; theory and applications of configuration control for redundant manipulators; nonlinear feedback for force control of robot manipulators; systolic architectures for dynamic control of manipulators; inverse dynamics; and forward dynamics. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of computer science, systems science, and mathematics.

  • Alloy And Microstructural Design

    • 1st Edition
    • John Tien
    • English
    Alloy and Microstructural Design serves as a guide in translating theory into design and practice and provides text for an applications courses in physical and mechanical metallurgy. Coverage of the book includes a short history and introduction to metals and alloys; high-strength nonferrous alloys; and methods in strengthening metals for commercial use and high temperatures. The text also discusses the composite strengthening; the properties of composites; creep and stress rupture resistance and other factors related to them; fracture toughness; and mechanical equations of state. The book also covers the resistance of metals and alloys against fatigue, aqueous, stress, and hot corrosion, as well as in oxidation and hydrogen embrittlement. The monograph is recommended for practicing engineers in the field of metallurgy who need an easily understood guide with concise text and tables of handy information. The book will also serve as a good learning material for engineering undergraduates who are studying the strength of materials.

  • Vehicle Traction Mechanics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • R.N. Yong + 2 more
    • English
    The fundamental problem in the study of vehicle mobility is the development of traction between the vehicle and the supporting terrain. The mechanics of energy transfer will essentially control the final performance of the surficial machine. Determining and predicting the capability of a particular piece of machinery to traverse successfully a specific piece of terrain is very complex, particularly as the characteristics and properties of different types of terrain cover vary considerably, as do the many types of vehicle and their running gear.The material that forms the basis of this book has been gathered over many years of study both in the laboratory and in the field. It studies vehicle traction mechanics from the viewpoint of the interaction between the vehicle and the ground surface. The types of machines covered include earth-moving, forestry, agricultural, and construction machines. In addition, the mechanisms involved in the development of traction and the working of the terrain through cultivation, construction and surface disturbances are examined. The book also addresses the problems of off-road mobility and terrain trafficability, especially from the terrain-support and terrain interaction points of view. It is the authors' aim that the book will provide the reader with the ability to both analyze and predict the traction capability of his proposed machinery, and also to anticipate the kinds of reactions that will occur in the ground and at the ground surface.

  • Principles of Water Quality

    • 1st Edition
    • Thomas Waite
    • English
    Principles of Water Quality presents the fundamental environmental processes that regulate the movement of materials in natural systems. This book is composed of 10 chapters that cover the chemical and microbiological processes that are operative on organic and inorganic constituents in water. This text deals first with water quality concepts, the development of criteria for water quality, and the determination of various contaminants' threshold levels that can be regulated by imposed standards. These topics are followed by descriptions of natural environmental processes, which include fundamental ecological principles and energy transfer in ecosystems resulting in species stability. The subsequent chapters are devoted to the organic and inorganic constituents that have become water quality problems, including toxic metals, inorganic nutrients, refractory organic compounds, and microorganisms. The discussion then shifts to the environmental impact of heated effluent discharges. The last three chapters focus on water quality modeling, standards, and management methods. These chapters also provide case studies using the phosphorus and the longitudinal dispersion models. This book is of value to advanced undergraduate or graduate students in environmental engineering and science, as well as in health-related disciplines.

  • Agricultural Waste Management

    Problems, Processes, and Approaches
    • 1st Edition
    • Raymond Loehr
    • English
    Agricultural Waste Management: Problems, Processes, and Approaches is a summary of the processes and approaches applicable to the solution of agricultural waste management problems. This book is organized into three part encompassing 13 chapters that is intended as a bridge between theory and practice as well as between the many disciplines that are involved in agricultural waste management. The primary focus of agricultural waste management is on the obvious problems of odor control and feedlot runoff. The first part looks into the status of agricultural waste problem and the application of engineering and scientific fundamentals to the management of these wastes. This part also deals with the role of the land in waste management, and then outlines the guidelines for the development of feasible waste management systems. The second part describes the fundamentals, principles, and benefits of various waste management processes, including biological processes, ponds and lagoons, aerobic, anaerobic, physical, and chemical treatments, and nitrogen control; as well as treatment systems, such as ponds, lagoons, and land disposal. The third part examines the integration of the most economical and equitable combination of alternative technologies into feasible waste management approaches. This work will be of great value to agricultural producers and manufacturers, scientists, and engineers.

  • Aerosol Technology In Hazard Evaluation

    • 1st Edition
    • Thomas Mercer
    • English
    Aerosol Technology in Hazard Evaluation is the fifth in the series of books on the subject of aerosol technology. This series is organized into nine chapters that cover the properties, sampling, and respirable activity of aerosol. After briefly describing the nature of an inhalation hazard, the book examines the properties, measurement, and significance of geometric diameters of aerosols, as well as the shape factors relating them to various particulate properties. The mathematical description of size distributions and the statistics of sampling from a lognormal distribution of particle sizes are provided. Considerable chapters deal with the methods of aerosol concentration measurement and geometric and aerodynamic size sampling. Operating characteristics of respirable aerosol activity samplers and their limitations are also examined. The concluding chapter discusses problems in the production, flow measurement, apparatus calibration, and isokinetic sampling of aerosols. This series will provide a convenient source of information to those concerned in industrial hygiene and will stimulate the interest of those involved in all phases of environmental health.

  • Heterojunctions and Metal Semiconductor Junctions

    • 1st Edition
    • A.G. Milnes
    • English
    Heterojunctions and Metal-Semiconductor Junctions discusses semiconductor-semico... heterojunctions and metal-semiconductor heterojunctions, which are of significant practical importance today and also of considerable scientific interest, with worthwhile problems still to be explored and understood. Many classes of heterojunctions are believed to have new and valuable applications. Although some aspects of heterojunction behavior remain areas for continued scientific and technological study, the main outlines of the subject are clear. This book comprises nine chapters, and begins with an introduction to semiconductor heterojunctions. Succeeding chapters then discuss semiconductor p-n heterojunction models and diode behavior; heterojunction transistors; isotype (n-n, p-p) heterojunctions; optical properties of heterojunctions and heterojunction lasers; metal-semiconductor barriers; metal-semiconductor junction behavior; high yield photoemissive cathodes; and fabrication of heterojunctions. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of applied physics.

  • Optimal Design with Advanced Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • P. Pedersen
    • English
    Optimal design with advanced materials is becoming a very progressive and challenging domain within applied mechanics. The increasing use of advanced materials, such as anisotropic fiber composites and ceramics, is instigating new developments to be made within constitutive modelling and the computational methods of analysis, sensitivity analysis and optimization. A new dimension of optimal design is being realised by the direct tailoring and building of new materials. Research in this area is accelerating rapidly with the results already being applied to high technology industries. Two vital high technology research areas covered in this volume include homogenization and smart materials/structures... The 31 papers will prove an indispensable reference source for all those involved in the interdisciplinary research and development aspects of mechanics, materials and mathematics in the design of advanced materials.

  • Output Hardcopy Devices

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Durbeck
    • English
    Output Hardcopy Devices provides a technical summary of computer output hardcopy devices such as plotters, computer output printers, and CRT generated hardcopy. Important related technical areas such as papers, ribbons and inks, color techniques, controllers, and character fonts are also covered. Emphasis is on techniques primarily associated with printing, as well as the plotting capabilities of printing devices that can be effectively used for computer graphics in addition to their various printing functions. Comprised of 19 chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to vector and raster plotters, presented from the viewpoint of the user. The general considerations that apply to these types of hard copy devices are discussed, along with the problems and pitfalls that the user may encounter. The vector plotters cited are the drum and flatbed types that use pens to write on some type of medium, such as paper. Subsequent chapters focus on plotters and hard copy imaging technologies, and those that use CRTs as the image source, with cameras as the primary means for producing the hard copy. Impact and non-impact printing technologies as well as other technology areas that are very important to plotters and printers are also examined. This book should be of value to students and researchers interested in printing and computer graphics.

  • Measuring the Benefits of Water Pollution Abatement

    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel Feenberg
    • English
    Measuring the Benefits of Water Pollution Abatement shows the aspects of benefit calculations in the context of water pollution control. The main purpose of this book is to show what kinds of data are needed or valuable in adequate benefit estimates, how to use the data, and how to improvise in their absence. Topics covered include the basic theory of welfare economics and cost-benefit analysis; practical techniques on how to estimate benefits of water pollution abatement; and empirical studies that illustrate the estimation techniques with real data. Environmentalists, economists, project managers, and project engineers will find the text interesting and informative.

  • Advances in Fracture Research

    • 1st Edition
    • B.L. Karihaloo + 3 more
    • English
    Fracture is a major cause of failure in metallic and non-metallic materials and structures. An understanding of the micro- and macro- mechanisms of fracture enables materials scientists to develop materials with high fracture resistance, which in turn helps engineers and designers to ensure the soundness and integrity of structures made from these materials.The International Congress on Fracture is held every four years and is an occasion to take stock of the major achievements in the broad field of fracture, to honour those who have made lasting contributions to this field, and to reflect on the future directions.ICF9 is published in six volumes covering the areas of:-- Failure Analysis, Remaining Life Assessment, Life Extension and Repair- Failure of Multiphase and Non-Metallic Materials- Fatigue of Metallic and Non-Metallic Materials and Structures- Theoretical and Computational Fracture Mechanics and New Directions- Testing and Characterization Methods, and Interfacial Fracture Mechanics- High Strain Rate Fracture and Impact Mechanics.

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