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Elsevier

Books in Life sciences

  • Computer Techniques for Image Processing in Electron Microscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • W. O. Saxton
    • L. Marton + 1 more
    • English
    Computer Techniques for Image Processing in Electron Microscopy: Advances in Electronics and Electron Physics presents the sophisticated computer generated in processing the image. This book discusses the development of fast Fourier transform algorithms, which has led to the possibility of achieving a more reliable interpretation of electron micrographs by digital means. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of image formation in which the properties of the linear approximation are included. This text then reviews the available hardware and the basic mathematical methods of image processing in electron microscopy. Other chapters consider the constraints imposed on the image wave function by the objective lens aperture. This book discusses as well the properties of discrete Fourier transforms. The final chapter deals with a particular processing system called the Improc system. This book is a valuable resource for physicists and researcher workers who are interested in the study of image processing.

  • Aspects of Cell Regulation

    • 1st Edition
    • G. H. Bourne + 1 more
    • English
    Aspects of Cell Regulation deals with the various aspects of cellular control mechanisms. The book begins with a discussion of the role of hormones in the control of cell differentiation and biochemical control over the life of an organism. This is followed by separate chapters on an intracellular control problem, namely, the proper reproduction of cellular organelles and their apportionment between daughter cells at cell mitosis; cell mutants with different temporal order for macromolecular synthesis; and the control of a plant enzyme that converts triglycerides into carbohydrate during the early stages of postgerminative growth within seed cotyledon. Subsequent chapters deal with the possible role of mitochondria in changing the control mechanism of cells to that associated with carcinogenesis; the possibility of transforming genes being detectable in the genome after the transformation to neoplastic cell; the correlation between viruses and tumor cells; and whether viruses can originate from cells rather than coming before cells.

  • The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter W. Hawkes
    • English
    The Beginnings of Electron Microscopy presents the technical development of electron microscope. This book examines the mechanical as well as the technical problems arising from the physical properties of the electron. Organized into 19 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the history of scanning electron microscopy and electron beam microanalysis. This text then explains the applications and capabilities of electron microscopes during the war. Other chapters consider the classical techniques of light microscopy. This book presents as well the schematic outline of the preparation techniques for investigation of nerve cells by electron microscopy. The final chapter deals with the historical account of the beginnings of electron microscopy in Russia. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, technologists, physicists, electrical engineers, designers, and technicians. Graduate students as well as researcher workers who are interested in the history of electron microscopy will also find this book extremely useful.

  • Circadian Rhythms and the Human

    • 1st Edition
    • D. S. Minors + 1 more
    • English
    Circadian Rhythms and the Human covers the basic principles behind the human circadian rhythms. This book is composed of 12 chapters that discuss the detection, analysis, and definition of rhythms, specifically exogenous and endogenous rhythms. This book also demonstrates the mechanism of metabolic and gastrointestinal rhythms. The opening chapters deal with the rhythms in living organism; establishing the endogeneity of rhythms; definition of nychthemeral rhythm; methods of measuring the frequency of rhythms; exogenous effects upon the temperature rhythm; interaction between exogenous and endogenous influences; and possible origins of renal rhythmicity. The succeeding chapters consider the effect of exercise at different times of day and the concept of sleep-wakefulness rhythm. The discussion then shifts to the effects of repeated time-zone transitions and the effects of time on drug administration. The closing chapters are devoted to the assessment of work performance during shift work. The book can provide useful information to doctors, students, researchers, and the general reader.

  • Microbial Synthetic Biology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 40
    • English
    The 40th volume of Methods in Microbiology focuses on microbial synthetic biology.Synthetic biology is a rapidly growing discipline that builds on well-established principles of genetic engineering and biotechnology by integrating computational and engineering approaches to the design and construction of novel biological systems.This volume addresses some of the major technical challenges stand in the way of achieving a radical step-change in our ability to engineer complex multi-scaled biological systems. These include: the application of computation intelligence to the design of synthetic microbial systems, design automation and constraints; the impact of noise and stochasticity; the engineering of biosensors; the characteristic of a model bacterial chassis. A key issue in Synthetic Biology is that of its social dimensions and a chapter is dedicated to the important issue.

  • Functional Organization of Vertebrate Plasma Membrane

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 72
    • English
    Current Topics in Membranes is targeted toward scientists and researchers in biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology, providing the necessary membrane research to assist them in discovering the current state of a particular field and in learning where that field is heading. This volume covers recent breakthroughs in understanding the molecular and cellular basis for patterning vertebrate plasma membranes. A special emphasis is placed on physiological function with chapters covering signaling in the nervous system and heart, vision, and the immune system.

  • Bio-nanoimaging

    Protein Misfolding and Aggregation
    • 1st Edition
    • Vladimir N. Uversky + 1 more
    • English
    Bio-Nanoimaging: Protein Misfolding & Aggregation provides a unique introduction to both novel and established nanoimaging techniques for visualization and characterization of misfolded and aggregated protein species. The book is divided into three sections covering:- Nanotechnology and nanoimaging technology, including cryoelectron microscopy of beta(2)-microglobuli... studying amyloidogensis by FRET; and scanning tunneling microscopy of protein deposits - Polymorphisms of protein misfolded and aggregated species, including fibrillar polymorphism, amyloid-like protofibrils, and insulin oligomers- Polymorphisms of misfolding and aggregation processes, including multiple pathways of lysozyme aggregation, misfolded intermediate of a PDZ domain, and micelle formation by human islet amyloid polypeptide Protein misfolding and aggregation is a fast-growing frontier in molecular medicine and protein chemistry. Related disorders include cataracts, arthritis, cystic fibrosis, late-onset diabetes mellitus, and numerous neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. Nanoimaging technology has proved crucial in understanding protein-misfolding pathologies and in potential drug design aimed at the inhibition or reversal of protein aggregation. Using these technologies, researchers can monitor the aggregation process, visualize protein aggregates and analyze their properties.

  • Diffusion MRI

    From Quantitative Measurement to In vivo Neuroanatomy
    • 2nd Edition
    • Heidi Johansen-Berg + 1 more
    • English
    Diffusion MRI remains the most comprehensive reference for understanding this rapidly evolving and powerful technology and is an essential handbook for designing, analyzing, and interpreting diffusion MR experiments. Diffusion imaging provides a unique window on human brain anatomy. This non-invasive technique continues to grow in popularity as a way to study brain pathways that could never before be investigated in vivo. This book covers the fundamental theory of diffusion imaging, discusses its most promising applications to basic and clinical neuroscience, and introduces cutting-edge methodological developments that will shape the field in coming years. Written by leading experts in the field, it places the exciting new results emerging from diffusion imaging in the context of classical anatomical techniques to show where diffusion studies might offer unique insights and where potential limitations lie.

  • Animal Biotechnology

    Models in Discovery and Translation
    • 1st Edition
    • Ashish S. Verma + 1 more
    • English
    Animal Biotechnology introduces applications of animal biotechnology and implications for human health and welfare. It begins with an introduction to animal cell cultures and genome sequencing analysis and provides readers with a review of available cell and molecular tools. Topics here include the use of transgenic animal models, tissue engineering, nanobiotechnology, and proteomics. The book then delivers in-depth examples of applications in human health and prospects for the future, including cytogenetics and molecular genetics, xenografts, and treatment of HIV and cancers. All this is complemented by a discussion of the ethical and safety considerations in the field.Animal biotechnology is a broad field encompassing the polarities of fundamental and applied research, including molecular modeling, gene manipulation, development of diagnostics and vaccines, and manipulation of tissue. Given the tools that are currently available and the translational potential for these studies, animal biotechnology has become one of the most essential subjects for those studying life sciences.

  • Endovascular Management of Neurovascular Pathology in Adults and Children, An Issue of Neuroimaging Clinics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 23-4
    • Neeraj Chaudhary + 1 more
    • English
    This issue of Neuroimaging Clinics focuses on the endovascular treatment of pathology in adults and children. Topics include cerebral aneurysms, cerebral vasospasms, dural fistulas, carotid stenosis, acute ischemic stroke, vascular malformations, and more.

  • Food Safety Management

    A Practical Guide for the Food Industry
    • 1st Edition
    • Huub Lelieveld + 1 more
    • English
    Food Safety Management: A Practical Guide for the Food Industry with an Honorable Mention for Single Volume Reference/Science in the 2015 PROSE Awards from the Association of American Publishers is the first book to present an integrated, practical approach to the management of food safety throughout the production chain. While many books address specific aspects of food safety, no other book guides you through the various risks associated with each sector of the production process or alerts you to the measures needed to mitigate those risks. Using practical examples of incidents and their root causes, this book highlights pitfalls in food safety management and provides key insight into the means of avoiding them. Each section addresses its subject in terms of relevance and application to food safety and, where applicable, spoilage. It covers all types of risks (e.g., microbial, chemical, physical) associated with each step of the food chain. The book is a reference for food safety managers in different sectors, from primary producers to processing, transport, retail and distribution, as well as the food services sector.

  • Lean Biomanufacturing

    Creating Value through Innovative Bioprocessing Approaches
    • 1st Edition
    • Nigel J Smart
    • English
    With decreasing profit margins, increasing cost pressures, growing regulatory compliance concerns, mounting pressure from generic drugs and increasing anxiety about the future of healthcare reimbursement, pharmaceutical manufacturers are now forced to re-examine and re-assess the way they have been doing things. In order to sustain profitability, these companies are looking to reduce waste (of all kinds), improve efficiency and increase productivity. Many of them are taking a closer look at lean manufacturing as a way to achieve these goals. Lean biomanufacturing re-visits lean principles and then applies them sympathetically - in a highly practical approach - to the specific needs of pharmaceutical processes, which present significantly different challenges to more mainstream manufacturing processes. A major goal of the book is to highlight those problems and issues that appear more specific or unique to biopharmaceutical manufacturing situations and to provide some insights into what challenges are the important ones to solve and what techniques, tools and mechanisms to employ to be successful.Following an introduction to lean biomanufacturing, the book goes on to discuss lean technologies and methods applied in biomanufacturing. Later chapters cover the creation and implementation of the Transition Plan, issues facing the biopharmaceutical industry, creating a lean approach towards biopharmaceutical processes and the contribution of simulation models in developing these processes. The final chapter covers examples of new technology innovations which help facilitate lean biomanufacturing.

  • Catalogue of the Cicadoidea (Hemiptera: Auchenorrhyncha)

    • 1st Edition
    • Allen F. Sanborn
    • English
    This is the third in a series of catalogs and bibliographies of the Cicadoidea covering 1981-2010. The work summarizes the cicada literature, providing a means for easy access to information previously published on a particular species or to allow researchers the ability to locate similar work that has been published on other species. A total of 2,591 references are included in the bibliography. The book is a source of biological and systematic information that could be used by zoologists, entomologists, individuals interested in crop protection, and students studying entomology as well as anyone interested in cicadas or who require specific information on the insects. Each genus/species is identified with the reference, the page number, any figures (if applicable), the topics covered by the reference, any synonymies, and any biogeographic information mentioned for the species in the individual reference. An added benefit to the catalog is that it is the first complete species list for the Cicadoidea, including all synonymies and new combinations through 2012.

  • Transporters in Drug Discovery and Development

    Detailed Concepts and Best Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Yurong Lai
    • English
    Written by a leading researcher in the field, Transporters in Drug Discovery and Development provides a comprehensive and practical guide to drug transporter families that are the most important for drug discovery and development. It covers: an overview of transporter families and organ distribution; clinical relevant drug-drug interaction; clinical relevant polymorphism; drug transporter related pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamics and toxicity; in vitro/in vivo probes of drug transport studies; the practical methodologies of industrial transporter screening and translational aspect in drug discovery and developments.

  • Plant Virology

    • 5th Edition
    • Roger Hull
    • English
    The seminal text Plant Virology is now in its fifth edition. It has been 10 years since the publication of the fourth edition, during which there has been an explosion of conceptual and factual advances. The fifth edition of Plant Virology updates and revises many details of the previous edition while retaining the important earlier results that constitute the field's conceptual foundation. Revamped art, along with fully updated references and increased focus on molecular biology, transgenic resistance, aphid transmission, and new, cutting-edge topics, bring the volume up to date and maintain its value as an essential reference for researchers and students in the field.

  • Drug-Biomembrane Interaction Studies

    The Application of Calorimetric Techniques
    • 1st Edition
    • Rosario Pignatello
    • English
    The design and development of drugs and new pharmaceutical formulations require a full characterization of the chemical and physicochemical events occurring at the level of the single active ingredients or excipients, as well as their reciprocal interaction. Thermal analysis techniques are among the most widely used methods to achieve this; among them, the Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique, in which the thermotropic behaviour of a single substance or mixtures is analyzed as a function of a controlled temperature program. DSC is an accurate and rapid thermo-analytical technique, widely used by the pharmaceutical industry and in drug research to investigate several physico-chemical phenomena, such as polymorphism, melting and crystallization, purity, and drug-excipient interaction; as well as characterizing biomolecules such as genetic material.Drug-biomem... interaction studies is written by scientists renowned for their work in the field of DSC applications to drug development and delivery, and especially to drug-biomembrane interaction studies. The book combines insights from biochemistry and physiology with those from structural biology, nanotechnology and biothermodynamics, to obtain a complete depiction of cell membranes and their functions.

  • The Funding of Biopharmaceutical Research and Development

    • 1st Edition
    • David R Williams
    • English
    The funding of biopharmaceutical research and development provides a comprehensive critical review of the funding of research and development (R&D) in the human biopharmaceutical market sector. It addresses both private and public funding sources available in the US and internationally. The biopharmaceutical market is among the most research-intensive market sectors globally. Clinical researchers face a multitude of public and private funding options with respect to bringing their idea or innovation to market. These funding options are continually changing and complex, and are expected to decrease in the near future. A lack of understanding of the scale, scope, and inner workings of the funding aspects of R&D can, at times, act as a barrier for all involved, and can slow down or even eliminate the R&D process. The book lessens these barriers by describing the theoretical underpinnings, present practice, and trends in R&D funding in this market sector, both in the US and internationally. This includes a review and discussion of public-private partnership activity and their inner-workings, noting the complementary relationship between public and private funding. The book also contains an overview of the inner-workings of strategic alliance activity, including the advantages and disadvantages for each party. It goes on to provide an outline of venture capital activity, detailing the methods by which venture capital firms raise capital and are organized, a description of the venture capital-entrepreneur arrangement, and the effects of this arrangement. The book also presents an overview of the IPO process and the various fates of firms going public.

  • Food Microstructures

    Microscopy, Measurement and Modelling
    • 1st Edition
    • Vic Morris + 1 more
    • English
    The development of high-quality foods with desirable properties for both consumers and the food industry requires a comprehensive understanding of food systems and the control and rational design of food microstructures. Food microstructures reviews best practice and new developments in the determination of food microstructure.After a general introduction, chapters in part one review the principles and applications of various spectroscopy, tomography and microscopy techniques for revealing food microstructure, including nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) methods, environmental scanning electron, probe, photonic force, acoustic, light, confocal and infrared microscopies. Part two explores the measurement, analysis and modelling of food microstructures. Chapters focus on rheology, tribology and methods for modelling and simulating the molecular, cellular and granular microstructure of foods, and for developing relationships between microstructure and mechanical and rheological properties of food structures. The book concludes with a useful case study on electron microscopy.Written by leading professionals and academics in the field, Food microstructures is an essential reference work for researchers and professionals in the processed foods and nutraceutical industries concerned with complex structures, the delivery and controlled release of nutrients, and the generation of improved foods. The book will also be of value to academics working in food science and the emerging field of soft matter.

  • Stem Cell Bioprocessing

    For Cellular Therapy, Diagnostics and Drug Development
    • 1st Edition
    • Tiago G. Fernandes + 2 more
    • English
    Stem cell bioprocessing describes the main large-scale bioprocessing strategies for both stem cell culture and purification, envisaging the application of these cells for regenerative medicine and drug screening. Bioreactor configurations are described, including their applications for stem cell expansion, and stem cell separation techniques such as isolation and purification are discussed. Basic definitions are provided concerning the different types of stem cells, from adult stem cells to the more recent induced pluripotent stem cells. The main characteristics of these different stem cell types are described, alongside the molecular mechanisms underlying their self-renewal and differentiation. The book also focuses on methodologies currently used for in vitro stem cell culture under static conditions, including the challenge of xeno-free culture conditions, as well as culture parameters that influence stem cell culture. Approaches for both stem cell culture and separation in micro-scale conditions are presented, including the use of cellular microarrays for high-throughput screening of the effect of both soluble and extracellular matrix molecules. A further section is dedicated to application of stem cells for regenerative medicine.

  • Gene therapy

    Potential Applications of Nanotechnology
    • 1st Edition
    • Surendra Nimesh
    • English
    Gene therapy is emerging as a new class of therapeutics for the treatment of inherited and acquired diseases. However, poor cellular uptake and instability of DNA in the physiological milieu limits its therapeutic potential, hence a vector which can protect and efficiently transport DNA to the target cells must be developed. Nanotechnology-based non-viral vectors have been proposed as potential candidates. Various polymeric nanoparticles have been shown to be suitable, with high cellular uptake efficiencies and reduced cytotoxicity. These delivery vectors form condensed complexes with DNA which result in shielding against enzymatic degradation and enhanced cellular targeting. Advantages including easy manipulatibility, high stability, low cost and high payload, mean that nanoparticles from various polymers have been exploited. Gene therapy gives a systematic account of the many aspects of nanotechnology mediated gene therapy, from the preparation of nanoparticles to physicochemical characterization, and follows with applications in in vitro and in vivo models. This book emphasizes the various aspects of nanotechnology-based gene therapy, with initial chapters detailing the tools and techniques available for preparation and in vitro and in vivo characterization of nanoparticles. Later chapters provide exhaustive details on polymeric systems employed for gene therapy.

  • Orphan Drugs

    Understanding the Rare Disease Market and its Dynamics
    • 1st Edition
    • Elizabeth Hernberg-Ståhl + 1 more
    • English
    This authoritative and comprehensive book makes the reader familiar with the processes of bringing orphan drugs to the global market. There are between 5,000 and 7,000 rare diseases and the number of patients suffering from them is estimated to be more than 50 million in the US and Europe. Before the orphan drug legislation enacted in the US in 1983, there was a limited interest from industry to develop treatment for very small patient groups. One of the difficulties is, of course, that similar levels of investment are needed from a pharmaceutical company to bring a drug to the market for both small and large patient groups.The journey from application of an orphan drug designation to a reimbursed market- approved drug is long and many obstacles occur during the journey.After reading the book, readers will: Understand who the players/stakeholders are in the rare orphan disease field and their specific needs and concerns: patients and patient organizations, researchers and treating physicians within the field, industry, regulatory and reimbursement bodies* Understand the strong partnership between the different players and the various initiatives to improve and increase access to treatment for patients; minimizing the gap between numbers of known diseases, orphan designations, approved drugs and paid drugs.The book also provides short practical case stories from patients and researchers, as well as representatives from industry and authorities on the challenges they came across in developing orphan drugs or getting access to orphan drugs.

  • Metabolomics in Food and Nutrition

    • 1st Edition
    • Bart C Weimer + 1 more
    • English
    Metabolomics enables valuable information about the biochemical composition of foods to be rapidly obtained. Since the biochemical profile of food largely determines key food properties such as flavour and shelf life, the information gained using metabolomics-based methods will enable greater control of food quality and also help to determine the relationship between diet and health. Metabolomics in food and nutrition provides an overview of their current and potential use in the food industry.Part one reviews equipment, methods and data interpretation in metabolomics including the use of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), statistical methods in metabolomics, and metabolic reconstruction databases and their application to metabolomics research. Part two explores applications of metabolomics in humans, plants and food. Chapters discuss metabolomics in nutrition, human samples for health assessments, and current methods for the analysis of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and their novel applications. Further chapters highlight metabolomic analysis of plants and crops, metabolomics for the safety assessment of genetically modified (GM) crops, and applications of metabolomics in food science including food composition and quality, sensory and nutritional attributes.With its distinguished editors and team of expert contributors, Metabolomics in food and nutrition is a technical resource for industrial researchers in the food and nutrition sectors interested in the potential of metabolomics methods and academics and postgraduate students working in the area.

  • Sterility, Sterilisation and Sterility Assurance for Pharmaceuticals

    Technology, Validation and Current Regulations
    • 1st Edition
    • Tim Sandle
    • English
    Failure to adequately control any microbial challenge associated within process or product by robust sterilisation will result in a contaminated marketed product, with potential harm to the patient. Sterilisation is therefore of great importance to healthcare and the manufacturers of medical devices and pharmaceuticals. Sterility, sterilisation and sterility assurance for pharmaceuticals examines different means of rendering a product sterile by providing an overview of sterilisation methods including heat, radiation and filtration. The book outlines and discusses sterilisation technology and the biopharmaceutical manufacturing process, including aseptic filling, as well as aspects of the design of containers and packaging, as well as addressing the cleanroom environments in which products are prepared. Consisting of 18 chapters, the book comprehensively covers sterility, sterilisation and microorganisms; pyrogenicity and bacterial endotoxins; regulatory requirements and good manufacturing practices; and gamma radiation. Later chapters discuss e-beam; dry heat sterilisation; steam sterilisation; sterilisation by gas; vapour sterilisation; and sterile filtration, before final chapters analyse depyrogenation; cleanrooms; aseptic processing; media simulation; biological indicators; sterility testing; auditing; and new sterilisation techniques.

  • Ocular Transporters and Receptors

    Their Role in Drug Delivery
    • 1st Edition
    • Ashim K Mitra
    • English
    Ocular transporters and receptors contains detailed descriptions of major transporters and receptors expressed in the eye, with special emphasis on their role in drug delivery. The complex anatomy and the existence of multiple barriers in the eye pose a considerable challenge to successful drug delivery to the eye. Hence ocular transporters and receptors are important targets for drug delivery. A significant advancement has been made in the field of ocular transport research and their role in drug delivery. In this book the cutting edge research being carried out in this field is compiled and summarized. The book focuses on key areas, including the anatomy and physiology of the eye, biology of ocular transporters and receptors, techniques in characterization of transporters and receptors, transporters and receptors in the anterior and posterior segment in the eye, the role of ocular transporters and receptors in drug delivery, and transporter-metaboli... interplay in the eye.

  • Research Methods in Biomineralization Science

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 532
    • English
    This new volume of Methods in Enzymology continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This volume covers research methods in biomineralization science, and includes sections on such topics as determining solution chemistry, structure and nucleation; probing structure and dynamics at surfaces; and interfaces mapping biomineral and morphology and ultrastructure.

  • Managing Burnout in the Workplace

    A Guide for Information Professionals
    • 1st Edition
    • Nancy McCormack + 1 more
    • English
    Information professionals are under constant stress. Libraries are ushering in sweeping changes that involve the closing of branches and reference desks, wholesale dumping of print, disappearing space, and employment of non-professional staff to fill what have traditionally been the roles of librarians. Increasing workloads, constant interruptions, ceaseless change, continual downsizing, budget cuts, repetitive work, and the pressures of public services have caused burnout in many information professionals.Managi... Burnout in the Workplace concentrates on the problem of burnout, what it is and how it differs from chronic stress, low morale, and depression. The book addresses burnout from psychological, legal, and human resources perspectives. Chapters also cover how burnout is defined, symptom recognition, managing and overcoming burnout, and how to avoid career derailment while coping with burnout.

  • Microfluidic Devices for Biomedical Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Xiujun (James) Li + 1 more
    • English
    Microfluidics or lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is an important technology suitable for numerous applications from drug delivery to tissue engineering. Microfluidic devices for biomedical applications discusses the fundamentals of microfluidics and explores in detail a wide range of medical applications.The first part of the book reviews the fundamentals of microfluidic technologies for biomedical applications with chapters focussing on the materials and methods for microfabrication, microfluidic actuation mechanisms and digital microfluidic technologies. Chapters in part two examine applications in drug discovery and controlled-delivery including micro needles. Part three considers applications of microfluidic devices in cellular analysis and manipulation, tissue engineering and their role in developing tissue scaffolds and stem cell engineering. The final part of the book covers the applications of microfluidic devices in diagnostic sensing, including genetic analysis, low-cost bioassays, viral detection, and radio chemical synthesis.Microfluid... devices for biomedical applications is an essential reference for medical device manufacturers, scientists and researchers concerned with microfluidics in the field of biomedical applications and life-science industries.

  • Improving the Safety and Quality of Nuts

    • 1st Edition
    • Linda J Harris
    • English
    As tree nuts and peanuts become increasingly recognised for their health-promoting properties, the provision of safe, high quality nuts is a growing concern. Improving the safety and quality of nuts reviews key aspects of nut safety and quality management.Part one explores production and processing practices and their influence on nut contaminants. Chapters discuss agricultural practices to reduce microbial contamination of nuts, pest control in postharvest nuts, and the impact of nut postharvest handling, de-shelling, drying and storage on quality. Further chapters review the validation of processes for reducing the microbial load on nuts and integrating Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) and Statistical Process Control (SPC) for safer nut processing. Chapters in part two focus on improving nut quality and safety and highlight oxidative rancidity in nuts, the impact of roasting on nut quality, and advances in automated nut sorting. Final chapters explore the safety and quality of a variety of nuts including almonds, macadamia nuts, pecans, peanuts, pistachios and walnuts.Improving the safety and quality of nuts is a comprehensive resource for food safety, product development and QA professionals using nuts in foods, those involved in nut growing, nut handling and nut processing, and researchers in food science and horticulture departments interested in the area.

  • Biological DNA Sensor

    The Impact of Nucleic Acids on Diseases and Vaccinology
    • 1st Edition
    • Ken Ishii + 1 more
    • English
    Biological DNA Sensor defines the meaning of DNA sensing pathways and demonstrates the importance of the innate immune responses induced by double stranded DNA (dsDNA) through its influencing functions in disease pathology and immune activity of adjuvants for vaccines. Though discussed in specific subsections of existing books, dsDNA and its immunogenic properties has never received the complete treatment given in this book. Biological DNA Sensor approaches the impact of dsDNA's immunogenicity on disease and vaccinology holistically. It paints a complete and concise picture on the topic so you can understand this area of study and make more informed choices for your respective research needs. Chapters are authored by researchers who are renowned for their research focus, ensuring that this book provides the most complete views on the topics.

  • Laboratory Methods in Enzymology: Cell, Lipid and Carbohydrate

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 533
    • English
    Methods in Enzymology volumes provide an indispensable tool for the researcher. Each volume is carefully written and edited by experts to contain state-of-the-art reviews and step-by-step protocols. In this volume, we have brought together a number of core protocols concentrating on Cell, Lipid and Carbohydrate, complementing the traditional content that is found in past, present and future Methods in Enzymology volumes.

  • Diabetes

    Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants
    • 1st Edition
    • Victor R. Preedy
    • English
    Diabetes: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants bridges the trans-disciplinary divide among diabetologists, endocrinologists, and nutritionists in understanding and treating diabetes. The book covers, in a single volume, the science of oxidative stress in diabetes and the potentially therapeutic use of natural antioxidants in the diet or food matrix. The processes within the science of oxidative stress are described in concert with other processes such as apoptosis, cell signaling, receptor-mediated responses and more. This approach recognizes that diseases are usually multifactorial and that oxidative stress is a single component of this.Pharmacological treatments for diabetes are commonly marked by unwanted side effects, leading to treatment efforts using naturally occurring substances. But a plant-based approach alone is not sufficient; understanding the processes inherent in the oxidative stress of diabetes is vital for clinical workers, dietitians, and nutritionists.This translational work provides that understanding. The book begins by covering the basic biology of oxidative stress from molecular biology to imaging in relation to diabetes. There are chapters on neuropathy, nephropathy, atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathy, and retinopathy. The book then moves on to antioxidants in foods, including plants, components of the diet, and their relevance to diabetes.

  • Advances in Marine Biology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 66
    • English
    Advances in Marine Biology has been providing in-depth and up-to-date reviews on all aspects of marine biology since 1963--over 40 years of outstanding coverage! The series is well known for its excellent reviews and editing. Now edited by Michael Lesser (University of New Hampshire, USA) with an internationally renowned Editorial Board, the serial publishes in-depth and up-to-date content on many topics that will appeal to postgraduates and researchers in marine biology, fisheries science, ecology, zoology, and biological oceanography.

  • Neuroanatomy of Language Regions of the Human Brain

    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Petrides
    • English
    Many studies of the neural bases of language processes are now conducted with functional and structural neuroimaging. Research is often compromised because of difficulties in identifying the core structures in the face of the complex morphology of these regions of the brain. Although there are many books on the cognitive aspects of language and also on neurolinguistics and aphasiology, Neuroanatomy of Language Regions of the Human Brain is the first anatomical atlas that focuses on the core regions of the cerebral cortex involved in language processing. This atlas is a richly illustrated guide for scientists interested in the gross morphology of the sulci and gyri of the core language regions, in the cytoarchitecture of the relevant cortical areas, and in the connectivity of these areas. Data from diffusion MRI and resting-state connectivity are integrated iwth critical experimental anatomical data about homologous areas in the macaque monkey to provide the latest information on the connectivity of the language-relevant cortical areas of the brain. Although the anatomical connectivity data from studies on the macaque monkey provide the most detailed information, they are often neglected because of difficulties in interpreting the terminology used and in making the monkey-to-human comparison. This atlas helps investigators interpret this important source of information. Neuroanatomy of Language Regions of the Human Brain will assist investigators of the neural bases of language in increasing the anatomical sophistication of their research adn in evaluating studies of language and the brain.

  • Polyphenols in Human Health and Disease

    • 1st Edition
    • Ronald Ross Watson + 2 more
    • English
    Polyphenols in Human Health and Disease documents antioxidant actions of polyphenols in protection of cells and cell organelles, critical for understanding their health-promoting actions to help the dietary supplement industry. The book begins by describing the fundamentals of absorption, metabolism and bioavailability of polyphenols, as well as the effect of microbes on polyphenol structure and function and toxicity. It then examines the role of polyphenols in the treatment of chronic disease, including vascular and cardiac health, obesity and diabetes therapy, cancer treatment and prevention, and more.

  • Platelets and Aspirin-Induced Asthma

    Pathogenesis and Melatonin
    • 1st Edition
    • Helen Evsyukova
    • English
    Platelets and Aspirin-Induced Asthma is the first book to be published that reflects research conducted on aspirin-induced asthma pathogenesis. It is examined through positions of neuroimmunoendocrine interactions in organism. The Melatonin hormone plays a key role, being the regulator and coordinator of complicated and interrelated biological processes. This new concept of aspirin-induced asthma pathogenesis suggests new methods for treatment of this disease by means of correcting the melatonin content in the patient’s organism. Investigations into the mechanisms of aspirin-induced asthma as a pathology of melatonin producing cells of platelets helps to determine high-risk groups and develop preventive measures and adequate therapy.

  • The Physiology of Growth

    • 1st Edition
    • I.C. Gunsalus
    • English
    The Bacteria, Volume IV: The Physiology of Growth focuses on the biochemical phenomena that are expressed at the level of the intact microbial cell and of the growing cell. This book explores the structure, metabolism, and biosynthesis of bacteria. Organized into nine chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the growth requirements, metabolic pathways, individual enzymes, and a variety of other components and functions of the bacterial cell. This text then analyzes the genetic organization of bacteria and explains the nuclear division in bacteria. Other chapters consider the effects of physical environment upon the growth of microorganisms. This book discusses as well the methods for obtaining bacterial cultures by manipulating environmental factors. The final chapter deals with chemotherapeutic drugs, which are valuable tools in the investigation of bacterial organization and function. Bacteriologists, microbiologists, biochemists, microbial physiologists, and cell physiologists interested in the study of bacteria will find this book extremely useful.

  • Physiology of Metabolism

    • 1st Edition
    • David D. Davies
    • English
    The Biochemistry of Plants, Volume 12: Physiology of Metabolism focuses on plant biochemistry, with emphasis on the metabolism of plants. This book discusses the organizational resistance to account for changes in the rate of respiration that both cells and organs undertake. Organized into two parts encompassing eight chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the microtubule structure and function in plant cell biology. This book then discusses the presence of microtubular structures in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. Other chapters consider the characteristics of plant cells, which possess the highest degree of subcellular compartmentation of metabolism. This text discusses as well the various transport reactions that are involved in primary metabolic pathways in plants. The final chapter explores the several changes that fruits undergo to reach maturity, including the development of color and aroma, as well as improvements in texture and flavor. This book is a valuable resource for biologists, plant scientists, and agriculturists.

  • The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

    • 7th Edition
    • George Paxinos + 1 more
    • English
    Since its first edition in 1982, the Paxinos and Watson rat brain atlas has become the most trusted source of accurate coordinates and anatomical information in laboratories throughout the world. It has been cited over 60,000 times, making it the most cited publication in neuroscience. The seventh edition incorporates new findings on developmental gene expression and presents the boundaries of neuromeres in sagittal sections.

  • Techniques in Protein Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Choh Hao Li
    • English
    Hormonal Proteins and Peptides: Techniques in Protein Chemistry, Volume IX presents the various methods in protein chemistry and discusses their use for hormonal protein investigations. This book examines the approach to investigating biologically active peptides, which is based on a combination of chromatographic and fluorometric procedures. Organized into five chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the fluorometric methods for analysis of peptides and proteins with focus on their use in high performance liquid chromatography. This text then presents a thorough discussion on partition chromatography of proteins and peptides. Other chapters consider a comprehensive account of absorption and fluorescence techniques for the structural analysis of proteins. This book presents as well a comprehensive discussion on optical rotatory dispersion and circular dichroism methods and their application for the study of protein conformation. The final chapter deals with the historical aspects of fetuin and ultracentrifuge. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, biologists, endocrinologists, and physicians.

  • Screening Methods in Pharmacology

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Turner
    • English
    Screening Methods in Pharmacology focuses on the methods for screening substances for pharmacological activities and discussions of organization of screening programs. The manuscript first offers information on the biochemistry of the nervous system and organization of screening, as well as mechanisms of drug effects within the autonomic system; mechanisms within the parasympathetic and symphatetic systems; and neuropharmacological tests in blind screening. The book also takes a look at general and quantal responses. The publication reviews depressants of the central nervous system and ataractic (tranquillizing, neuroleptic) agents. Topics include natatory exhaustion, motor deficit, righting reflex, pentylenetetrazol (metrazol) antagonism, head-withdrawal reflex, and avoidance of electrical shock. The book also ponders on analgesics and oxytoxic, antiserotonin, and anti-inflammatory agents. Discussions focus on narcotic and nonnarcotic analgesics, erythema, inhibition of ascites, and pleural fluid. The manuscript is a valuable reference for readers interested in the screening methods in pharmacology.

  • Atlas of Human Anatomy

    Splanchnology · Ductless Glands · Heart
    • 17th Edition
    • Ferenc Kiss + 1 more
    • English
    Atlas of Human Anatomy, Volume Two compiles illustrations that categorize the anatomy of the human body. This book is divided into five main topics. The first three topics focus on three systems of the body—digestive system, respiratory system, and urogenital system. Some of the organs identified in the digestive system include the salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and rectum. The parts of the respiratory system, such as the nose, nasal cavity, larynx, trachea, and lungs are also cited. The anatomy of the urogenital system that consists of the reproductive organs and urinary system are likewise named. The last two topics distinguish the structure of the ductless glands and heart. This volume is recommended for medical students and clinicians conducting work on the human anatomy.

  • Mycobacteria

    Institute of Medical Laboratory Sciences Monographs
    • 1st Edition
    • Maureen V. Chadwick
    • F. J. Baker
    • English
    Mycobacteria covers some aspects of mycobacterial identification. The book starts by describing a historical review of tuberculosis, including topics about searching for its causes and cure and about the use of chemotherapy for treating tuberculosis. The text describes the different species of Mycobacteriaceae, including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. africanum, M. bovis, M. microti, and M. ulcerans. Safety precautions in pathology laboratories; the preparation of good culture media and sensitivity test media; and the treatment of specimens are also considered. The book further tackles sensitivity testing of Mycobacteria using the resistance ratio method, the proportional method and the absolute concentration method, and methods of identifying mycobacteria. The text also describes assay methods for anti-tuberculosis drugs. Pathologists, medical technologists, and other people working in pathology laboratories will find the book useful.

  • Handbook of the Biology of Aging

    • 3rd Edition
    • Edward L. Schneider + 1 more
    • English
    Handbook of The Biology of Aging, Third Edition provides a general overview to a wide scientific audience of some of the most important topics in biomedical gerontology. The book discusses methodologies for biological aging studies and on animal models. Protein modifications with aging, special senses, circadian rhythms, and the adrenocortical axis are tacked in the book as well. Gerontologists, psychologists, health care professionals, and graduate students will find the book useful.

  • Viral and Rickettsial Infections of Animals

    • 1st Edition
    • A. O. Betts + 1 more
    • English
    Viral and Rickettsial Infections of Animals, Volume I, deals comprehensively with the viruses and rickettsiae that infect domestic animals. The book also aims demonstrate the basic unity of virology irrespective of whether the natural host is man or one of the lower animals. This book deals with general virology from the viewpoint of comparative medicine. It begins with accounts of the fundamental properties of viruses; proceeds to consider how these agents affect cells and how the animal body responds; and concludes by discussing the methods by which the natural cycle of infection can be interrupted or modified to the benefit of the host. Included are chapters on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of viruses, viral multiplication, the cultivation of viruses, the pathogenesis of viral infections and their pathology, serology, immunity, and, finally, epidemiology and control. It is hoped that this book will be valuable to those interested in a variety of other biological sciences.

  • Neurobiology of Invertebrates

    Mechanisms of Integration
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Salánki
    • English
    Advances of Physiological Sciences, Volume 23: Neurobiology of Invertebrates: Mechanisms of Integration covers the proceedings of the satellite symposium held in conjunction with the 28th International Congress of Physiological Sciences. This text is comprised of 31 chapters and discuses several topics relevant in understanding the neurobiological nature of invertebrates. Topics include cellular mechanisms and neural network of circadian clock in the eye of Aplysia and electrical activity and hormonal output of ovulation hormone producing neuroendocrine cells in Lymnaea stagnalis (Gastropoda). Properties of postsynaptic potentials in the bimodal pacemaker neuron of Helix pomatia L. are also discussed. This book will be of great interest to researchers whose work concerns the neurobiological functions of invertebrates.

  • Presystemic Drug Elimination

    Butterworths International Medical Reviews: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics
    • 1st Edition
    • Charles F. George + 1 more
    • English
    Butterworths International Medical Reviews, Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 1: Presystemic Drug Elimination explores the principles of presystemic drug metabolism in human based on animal studies. This book is divided into four sections encompassing 10 chapters that specifically describe the extent of metabolism occurring in the gastrointestinal tract, liver, and lung. Section 1 focuses on presystemic elimination by the gastrointestinal tract. This section discusses the enzymatic biotransformation in the gastrointestinal mucosa and the ability of the microflora to metabolize drugs. Section 2 considers the contribution of the liver to presystemic drug elimination, with a particular emphasis on the physiological factors, which determine the rate of breakdown of drugs in vivo. This section also deals with the effects of hepatic cirrhosis on presystemic drug elimination. Section 3 presents first a brief outline of the knowledge of pulmonary structure and relevant physiology, followed by a discussion on “first-pass” metabolism of endogenous substrates and drugs across the pulmonary circulation and of environmental chemicals after inhalation. This section also provides the methods for distinguishing between the contribution of the various sites to presystemic drug elimination and the problems associated with attempts to analyze available pharmacokinetic data. This work is an ideal source for clinical pharmacologists and researchers.

  • Radiation Measurement in Photobiology

    • 1st Edition
    • B. L. Diffey
    • English
    Radiation Measurement in Photobiology deals with the measurement of optical radiation and its application in photobiology. Optical radiation detectors as well as the calibration of light sources and detectors are discussed, together with techniques for spectroradiometry and broadband radiometry. Action spectroscopy and ultraviolet radiation dosimetry are also considered. Comprised of nine chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the basic principles of light measurement, followed by a survey of optical radiation detectors based on physical principles and the problems associated with calibration. The next three chapters deal with important applications and extensions of these radiant measurements, including a short review of biological and medical users of lasers. The final three chapters on specialized studies and developments illustrate the wide diversity that exists in photobiology. These cover ultraviolet radiation dosimetry using polymer films, computer modeling of terrestrial ultraviolet radiation, and the "diffusion optics" in biological media. This book should be of interest to photobiologists.

  • International Review of Forestry Research

    Volume 1
    • 1st Edition
    • John A. Romberger + 1 more
    • English
    International Review of Forestry Research, Volume 1 is a collection of reviews and summaries of world literature concerning defined problem areas in forestry research. This book is composed of seven chapters, and starts with a general survey of the historical development of international forestry research, specifically in Central Europe, since the origin of forest management and of forestry as a science lies on it. This historical development includes historical methods in the practice of forest science, human influences, economics, culture, and laws. The subsequent chapters describe the methods for improvement of forest growth on swamps, the concept of nutrient requirement in forestry, and the methods for determining nutrient requirements of forest trees and stands. These topics are followed by discussions on the biological and environmental aspects of forest site appraisal systems; the anatomy, chemistry, and physiology of bark; and advances in the physiology and biochemistry of tree seeds during maturation, storage, and germination. The concluding chapter considers the development of harmonious control in agricultural, horticultural, and forestry crops, as well as the human influence on regulation and determination of insect populations. This book will prove useful to forest scientists, research workers, teachers, advanced students, administrators, economists, and forest and land managers.

  • Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers

    University of Nottingham, Volume 7
    • 1st Edition
    • Henry Swan + 1 more
    • English
    Nutrition Conference for Feed Manufacturers: 7 is a collection of papers dealing with horse nutrition and ruminant nutrition. This collection of papers is divided in four parts. Part 1 deals with the evaluation of the dietary needs of ruminants, finding the need to replace their feeding systems by replacing the starch equivalent system with the metabolizable energy system. Feed and energy value calculation are likewise explained where metabolizable energy (ME) is shown to be easily calculated with reference to the Agricultural Research Council system and later analyses. Observations on the efficiency of utilization of metabolizable energy in meat and milk follow, as feeding not only involves the efficient use of energy from the feed but also of nutritional contents and composition of the feed. Practical application and calculation are then discussed to achieve best practices. In Parts 2 and 3, the evaluation of the dietary energy for pigs, poultry nutrition, food intake of practice broilers and laying fowl, and formulation problems are discussed. Part 4 discusses horse nutrition with detailed descriptions of the anatomy of the digestive tract, digestion and absorption of nutrients, and the horses' protein requirement. Energy requirements for the maintenance, growth, and reproduction of the horse using calculations based on the National Research Council basal allowance is discussed. Students and professors of veterinary medicine, stable owners, horse feed manufacturers, horse enthusiasts and equestrians will find this volume helpful.

  • Food Legislative System of the UK

    • 1st Edition
    • Stephen J. Fallows
    • English
    Food Legislative System of the UK discusses the principles underlying the country's food laws, the historical context of today's food legislation, and the process for amendments in legislation. The book also reviews the influences on the system such as those arising from interest groups, the changing diet, and health environment. In addressing the Food Legislative System of the United Kingdom, the book tackles various examples of food legislation and numerous food- related advisory bodies. Industry, consumer, or enforcement pressures can initiate changes and modifications of laws. Once ministers are convinced that a prima-facie case exists for amending food legislation, they will seek advice from various authorities; make a draft, and present it for full parliamentary procedure. For example, the "Food and Environment Bill" has passed through Parliament by ministers representing the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food, while the "Food Bill" has gone through another route with the chief legal officers and company. The book emphasizes the mechanisms through which change is achieved, as well as the points when opportunities exist for interest groups to make their views known to the decision makers. The book can be helpful for food lobbyists, consumer food groups, nutritionists, political scientists, and heads of food and welfare organizations.

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