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Books in Physical sciences and engineering

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    • Engineering Generative AI-Based Software

      • 1st Edition
      • Miroslaw Staroń
      • English
      Engineering Generative-AI Based Software discusses both the process of developing this kind of AI-based software and its architectures, combining theory with practice. Sections review the most relevant models and technologies, detail software engineering practices for such systems, e.g., eliciting functional and non-functional requirements specific to generative AI, explore various architectural styles and tactics for such systems, including different programming platforms, and show how to create robust licensing models. Finally, readers learn how to manage data, both during training and when generating new data, and how to use generated data and user feedback to constantly evolve generative AI-based software.As generative AI software is gaining popularity thanks to such models as GPT-4 or Llama, this is a welcomed resource on the topics explored. With these systems becoming increasingly important, Software Engineering Professionals will need to know how to overcome challenges in incorporating GAI into the products and programs they develop.

    • Traffic Flow Theory

      • 2nd Edition
      • Daiheng Ni
      • English
      Creating traffic models is a complex task due to the intricacies of road networks, space–time dependencies, heterogeneous traffic patterns, and numerous interacting components. The second edition of Traffic Flow Theory builds on foundational knowledge to express these elements in mathematical form and offers updated coverage of the latest field developments.Authore... by a leading academic, the volume dissects everyday traffic phenomena, detailing their characteristics, mechanisms, and dynamics through multi-level modeling approaches (macroscopic, microscopic, mesoscopic, and picoscopic) to explain why these phenomena occur and how they can be effectively simulated. The book then explores the practical applications of these simulations and contributes new, research-informed evidence showing that integrating the various analytical frameworks leads to a unified perspective—with significant benefits for optimizing safety and efficiency in transportation systems.With its comprehensive, coherent, and self-contained treatment, Traffic Flow Theory 2E is set to become a staple reference for a broad transportation engineering audience and a valuable resource for readers in interconnected disciplines.

    • Environmental and Health Issues in Unconventional Oil and Gas Development

      • 2nd Edition
      • Debra A Kaden + 1 more
      • English
      Environmental and Health Issues in Unconventional Oil and Gas Development, Second Edition presents a non-partisan perspective on directional drilling and hydraulic fracturing, addressing implications for various stakeholders. The book reviews the transformations in UOGD practices, advancement in monitoring technologies, and the new issues identified by both governmental and non-governmental entities. Key topics include the economics of hydraulic fracturing, methane emissions, decarbonization, and responsibly sourced gas, along with climate risk and mitigation. Water quality and waste impacts are examined, followed by discussions on occupational health, public health, and risk communication. The book also covers environmental justice and corporate governance.

    • Surface Modifications of Nanomaterials for Energy, Environmental and Biomedical Applications

      • 1st Edition
      • Subash C.B. Gopinath + 4 more
      • English
      Surface Modifications of Nanomaterials for Energy, Environmental and Biomedical Applications explores various strategies and techniques for successful surface modification of nanomaterials, focusing on the potential benefits of such modifications in a wide range of applications, including energy and environmental sectors, as well as biomedical applications. This book initially presents an overview of surface modification methods and characterization techniques of various nanomaterials, including two-dimensional materials, carbon nanomaterials, metals, and more. Other sections dive into the applications of surface modified nanomaterials in the fields of energy, biomedicine and environmental science. Future research directions and risk assessment are covered in the final section. This is an essential reference for academic and industrial researchers working to improve the properties of nanomaterials for several applications.

    • Resilience and Recovery in Disaster and Emergency Management

      • 1st Edition
      • Krzysztof Goniewicz + 1 more
      • English
      Resilience and Recovery in Disaster and Emergency Management addresses the urgent need for a comprehensive resource that spans the breadth and depth of disaster management. This book not only explores the theoretical foundations of resilience and recovery but also delves into practical applications and real-world case studies. It aims to equip readers with the knowledge and tools necessary to manage and respond effectively to disasters of various scales. The scope of this work includes cutting-edge strategies for building resilient communities, innovative recovery practices, and effective disaster risk reduction methodologies. Notably, the book will cover emerging trends in technology and policy that influence disaster management, ensuring its relevance in today’s rapidly changing global risk landscape. The need for such a resource has never been greater, as the frequency and intensity of disasters continue to rise, posing unprecedented challenges to communities worldwide. This book stands out by offering a multidisciplinary perspective, emphasizing the importance of collaboration across various sectors and disciplines in enhancing resilience and recovery efforts.Resilience and Recovery in Disaster and Emergency Management serves as an essential resource for upper-level undergraduate students, researchers, and professionals in environmental science, urban planning, public policy, and emergency management. The book also includes supplementary educational materials, such as PowerPoint to enhance learning and practical application in disaster preparedness and response.

    • Applied Hydrology and Green Infrastructure Systems

      • 1st Edition
      • Joseph Schulenberg + 2 more
      • English
      Applied Hydrology and Green Infrastructure Systems combines theoretical insight with practical applications. This textbook captures the latest developments in green infrastructure and offers the skills that are necessary to interpret and solve complex hydrology and hydraulics problems. Integrating traditional hydrologic principles with cutting-edge green infrastructural solutions, it provides a foundation into groundwater dynamics, hydrological processes, and sustainable sewer design. It paves the way for understanding the importance of environmentally conscious practices in water resource management.The book is divided into three parts. Part One offers a deep exploration of groundwater dynamics and describes saturated and unsaturated flow principles. It then explores steady-state and transient well hydraulics, flow nets, and strategies for ensuring sustainable groundwater availability. Part Two largely focuses on hydrology, diving into surface runoff processes, unit hydrographs, and the application of NRCS unit hydrograph methodology. Probability and statistics in hydrology are introduced followed by hydrologic frequency analyses. Lastly, Part Three describes sewer design, green infrastructure, and water transmission. The principles of sewer system design with an emphasis on sustainability and the integration of green infrastructure are discussed.Applied Hydrology and Green Infrastructure Systems is a valuable resource for upper-level undergraduate students in environmental sciences studying engineering hydrology, hydraulics and hydrology. It is also useful for engineers, urban planners, and consultants who are looking for practical guidance to incorporate green infrastructure into urban design and development. This textbook contains case studies, self-assessments, spreadsheet shells, and a solutions manual as additional resources for students and instructors.

    • Stratigraphy

      • 1st Edition
      • Octavian Catuneanu
      • English
      Stratigraphy provides a comprehensive review of various stratigraphy types in a consistent, systematic manner. Each chapter includes definitions, concepts, practical applications, and case studies. The book begins with an overview of the discipline's historical principles. Subsequent chapters delve into specific types of stratigraphy: lithostratigraphy (lithology), biostratigraphy (fossil content), chemostratigraphy (geochemical properties), magnetostratigraphy (magnetic polarity), chronostratigraphy (absolute age), cyclostratigraphy (relationship to astronomical forcing), allostratigraphy (lithological discontinuities), and sequence stratigraphy (stratal stacking patterns). This structured approach makes the book a convenient reference for quickly reviewing and comparing different stratigraphy types.Each chapter follows a consistent outline, making the text accessible and easy to navigate. This invaluable reference links theory with practice, and provides critical insights into the practical workflow that enables stratigraphic correlation in diverse geological contexts. The systematic presentation ensures that readers can efficiently compare and contrast the different stratigraphy types, enhancing their ability to integrate different stratigraphic methods in order to unravel the full array of physical and temporal complexities of the 3D stratigraphic framework.

    • Nuclear Engineering

      A Conceptual Introduction to Nuclear Power
      • 2nd Edition
      • Malcolm Joyce
      • English
      Nuclear Engineering: A Conceptual Introduction to Nuclear Power, Second Edition provides coverage of the introductory, salient principles of nuclear engineering in a comprehensive manner for those entering the profession at the end of their degree. The nuclear power industry is undergoing a renaissance because of the desire for low-carbon baseload electricity, the growing population, and environmental concerns about shale gas, so this book is a welcome addition to the science. In addition, users will find a great deal of information on the change in the industry, along with other topical areas of interest that are uniquely covered.This updated edition reflects the most recent developments, with new or expanded coverage of such topics as small modular and advanced modular reactors, nuclear fuel cycle and waste disposal developments, and the role of nuclear energy in climate change abatement. Intended for undergraduate students or early postgraduate students studying nuclear engineering, this new text will also be appealing to scientifically literate non-experts wishing to be better informed about the ‘nuclear option'.

    • Boundary Value Problems and Partial Differential Equations

      • 7th Edition
      • David L. Powers + 3 more
      • English
      For over fifty years, Boundary Value Problems and Partial Differential Equations, Seventh Edition has provided advanced students an accessible and practical introduction to deriving, solving, and interpreting explicit solutions involving partial differential equations with boundary and initial conditions. Fully revised and now in its Seventh Edition, this valued text aims to be comprehensive without affecting the accessibility and convenience of the original. The resource’s main tool is Fourier analysis, but the work covers other techniques, including Laplace transform, Fourier transform, numerical methods, characteristics, and separation of variables, as well, to provide well-rounded coverage. Mathematical modeling techniques are illustrated in derivations, which are widely used in engineering and science. In particular, this includes the modeling of heat distribution, a vibrating string or beam under various boundary conditions and constraints. New to this edition, the text also now uniquely discusses the beam equation. Throughout the text, examples and exercises have been included, pulled from the literature based on popular problems from engineering and science. These include some "outside-the-box" exercises at the end of each chapter, which provide challenging and thought-provoking practice that can also be used to promote classroom discussion. Chapters also include Projects, problems that synthesize or dig more deeply into the material that are slightly more involved than standard book exercises, and which are intended to support team solutions. Additional materials, exercises, animations, and more are also accessible to students via links and in-text QR codes to support practice and subject mastery.

    • Fundamentals of Statistics for Researchers and Data Analysts

      • 1st Edition
      • Shashi Chiplonkar + 1 more
      • English
      Fundamentals of Statistics for Researchers and Data Analysts explains statistical methods, and the assumptions and prerequisites for applying various analytical tools from an statistical point of view. Statistical analysis has become indispensable in almost all fields of science, business, industry and medicine, for evidence-based decision making and forecasting. However, due to lack of fundamental understanding of statistics, results of data analysis often remain inconclusive or erroneous. In addition, data analysts or even statistical advisers may not be familiar with the subject area of the data, leading to inaccurate application of statistical tools and interpretation of results. To address these issues, this book breaks down the concepts of statistics into accessible, practical explanations with real-world examples. The book is organized by first explaining what statistical thinking is and how one should proceed with formulating their question in terms of a statistical hypothesis. Then step by step, topics are explained in detail, including data generation by choice of proper study design, data collection methods, identifying outliers, methods of data analysis, and finally interpretation of results to help make the required decision. Essential statistical methods such as classification techniques, correlation analysis, regression models, probability distributions, model building and statistical tests of significance are explained with live datasets using Excel and SPSS. Fundamentals of Statistics for Researchers and Data Analysts instructs readers on the precise methodology of analyzing data and interpretation of statistical results to arrive at a valid conclusion. Readers can use the same methodology from the case studies given in the book for their own applications and research by replacing the variables in the examples with the variables from their own datasets. The book ensures that readers are well-prepared for data-driven roles in various sectors.

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