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Elsevier

Books in Physics

Physics titles offer comprehensive research and advancements across the fundamental and applied areas of physical science. From quantum mechanics and particle physics to astrophysics and materials science, these titles drive innovation and deepen understanding of the principles governing the universe. Essential for researchers, educators, and students, this collection supports scientific progress and practical applications across a diverse range of physics disciplines.

  • Progress in Surface and Membrane Science

    Volume 12
    • 1st Edition
    • D. A. Cadenhead + 1 more
    • English
    Progress in Surface and Membrane Science, Volume 12 covers the advances in the study of surface and membrane science. The book discusses the topographical differentiation of the cell surface; the NMR studies of model biological membrane system; and an irreversible thermodynamic approach to energy coupling in mitochondria and chloroplasts. The text also describes water at surfaces; the nature of microemulsions; and the energy principle in the stability of interfaces. Biochemists, physicists, chemical engineers, and people involved in surface and coatings research will find the book invaluable.

  • Ion-Selective Electrode Reviews

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • J. D. R. Thomas
    • English
    Ion-Selective Electrode Reviews, Volume 2 is a six-chapter book that begins with a description of the uses of the piezoelectric crystal detector in analytical chemistry. The uses of known addition, Gran's plots, and the related methods with ion-selective electrodes are then explained. Subsequent chapters discuss the role of ion-selective electrodes in cystic fibrosis studies and surface effects in relation to the response of solid-state ion-selective electrodes. The analytical control of drug-type substances with membrane electrodes is also addressed.

  • Excited States

    Volume 4
    • 1st Edition
    • Edward C. Lim
    • English
    Excited States, Volume 4 is a collection of papers that deals with the excited states of molecular activity. One paper investigates the resonance Raman spectroscopy as the key to vibrational-electron... coupling. This paper reviews the basic theory of Raman scattering; it also explains the derivation of the Raman spectra, excitation profiles, and depolarization ratios for simple resonance systems. Another paper reviews the magnetic properties of triplet states, including the zero-field resonance techniques, the high-field experiments, and the spin Hamiltonian. This paper focuses on the magnetic properties of triplet states through magnetic resonance experiments applied in the presence or absence of such fields. Another paper analyzes the effects of a magnetic field on molecular luminescence. This paper also describes the investigations made to the quenching of molecular luminescence in the presence of a magnetic field from molecules such as glyoxal, as well as some applications of magnetic quenching. One paper reviews the time-dependent behavior of excited molecules. This paper explains the essential features of "intermediate" cases encountered in the photo-physical time-dependent studies of excitable molecules by comparing theoretical aspects and experimental data. Nuclear scientists, physicists, and researchers whose works involve molecular chemistry and solid state physics will find this collection valuable.

  • Structure and Dynamics of Solutions

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 79
    • Hideyuki Ohtaki + 1 more
    • English
    Recent advances in the study of structural and dynamic properties of solutions have provided a molecular picture of solute-solvent interactions. Although the study of thermodynamic as well as electronic properties of solutions have played a role in the development of research on the rate and mechanism of chemical reactions, such macroscopic and microscopic properties are insufficient for a deeper understanding of fast chemical and biological reactions. In order to fill the gap between the two extremes, it is necessary to know how molecules are arranged in solution and how they change their positions in both the short and long range. This book has been designed to meet these criteria.It is possible to develop a sound microscopic picture for reaction dynamics in solution without molecular-level knowledge of how reacting ionic or neutral species are solvated and how rapidly the molecular environment is changing with time. A variety of actual examples is given as to how and when modern molecular approaches can be used to solve specific solution problems. The following tools are discussed: x-ray and neutron diffraction, EXAFS, and XANES, molecular dynamics and Monte Carlo computer simulations, Raman, infrared, NMR, fluorescence, and photoelectron emission spectroscopic methods, conductance and viscosity measurements, high pressure techniques, and statistical mechanics methods. Static and dynamic properties of ionic solvation, molecular solvation, ion-pair formation, ligand exchange reactions, and typical organic solvents are useful for bridging the gap between classical thermodynamic studies and modern single-molecule studies in the gas phase.The book will be of interest to solution, physical, inorganic, analytical and structural chemists as well as to chemical kineticists.

  • Numerical Methods for Problems in Infinite Domains

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 33
    • D. Givoli
    • English
    This volume reviews and discusses the main numerical methods used today for solving problems in infinite domains. It also presents in detail one very effective method in this class, namely the Dirichlet-to-Neumann (DtN) finite element method. The book is intended to provide the researcher or engineer with the state-of-the-art in numerical solution methods for infinite domain problems, such as the problems encountered in acoustics and structural acoustics, fluid dynamics, meteorology, and many other fields of application. The emphasis is on the fundamentals of the various methods, and on reporting recent progress and forecasting future directions. An appendix at the end of the book provides an introduction to the essentials of the finite element method, and suggests a short list of texts on the subject which are categorized by their level of mathematics.

  • Thermodynamics of Point Defects and Their Relation with Bulk Properties

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 14
    • P.A. Varotsos + 1 more
    • S Amelinckx
    • English
    Defects in Solids, Volume 14: Thermodynamics of Point Defects and Their Relation with Bulk Properties focuses on the methodologies, approaches, and reactions involved in the study of point defects in solids. The book first offers information on thermodynamic functions and formation of vacancies. Topics include parameters from the comparison with isochoric perfect crystal; relation between isobaric and isochoric parameters; temperature dependence of thermodynamic functions of solids; and statistical approach to vacancy parameters. The text then ponders on the formation of other point defects, migration, and thermodynamics of specific heat. The publication explains the analysis of experiments yielding defect parameters, including X-ray parameters, analysis of specific heat measurements, and ionic conductivity and reorientation of dipoles. The text also takes a look at mixed alkali and silver halides, explanation of empirical laws, as well as explanation of the empirical laws connecting activation entropy and enthalpy to the activation volume and variation of the bulk modulus with composition. The selection is a dependable reference for scientists and geophysicists interested in the thermodynamics of point defects.

  • Applied Solid State Science

    Advances in Materials and Device Research
    • 1st Edition
    • Raymond Wolfe
    • English
    Applied Solid State Science: Advances in Materials and Device Research, Volume 6 covers the application of composites in electronic systems. The book discusses different types of composite-composite materials consisting of finely dispersed mixtures of metals and insulators; composite devices in which two distinct semiconductor devices are combined in one package; and composite glass fibers with the core and cladding differing in their optical properties. The text describes articles dealing with properties that can be achieved in versatile materials; light-emitting diodes and photodetectors that provide optical coupling between separate electronic subsystems; and the physics of III-V compounds used in LEDs and the technology of silicon processing of the photodetectors. Optical communications system and the methods for achieving the transparency of the core and cladding glasses are also looked into. The book further tackles methods of fabricating the fibers and measuring their attenuation, as well as cabling and splicing techniques which have made possible a full-scale field trial of this most promising transmission system. Professionals dealing with semiconductors and electronics engineers will find the book invaluable.

  • Applied Solid State Science

    Advances in Materials and Device Research
    • 1st Edition
    • Raymond Wolfe
    • English
    Applied Solid State Science: Advances in Materials and Device Research, Volume 2 covers topics about complex oxide materials such as the garnets, which dominate the field of magnetoelasticity and are among the most important laser hosts, and sodalite, which is one of the classic photochromic materials. The book discusses the physics of the interactions of electromagnetic, elastic, and spin waves in single crystal magnetic insulators. The text then describes the mechanism on which inorganic photochromic materials are based, as observed in a variety of materials in single crystal, powder, and glass forms; as well as the chemistry and growth of single crystal materials. Solid state physicists, materials scientists, electrical engineers, and graduate students studying the subjects being discussed will find the book invaluable.

  • Advances in Optical and Electron Microscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 12
    • T Mulvey
    • English
    The volumes in this series cover the progress and innovation in optical and electron microscopy at a fundamental level. It is aimed at microscopists and researchers not only interested in microscope instrumentation but also in applications ranging from biological techniques to materials research and industrial inspection.

  • Advances in Astronomy and Astrophysics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 7
    • Zdeněk Kopal
    • English
    Advances in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 7 covers reviews about the advances in astronomy and astrophysics. The book presents reviews on the scattering of electrons by diatomic molecules and on Babcock's theory of the 22-year solar cycle and the latitude drift of the sunspot zone. The text then describes reviews on the structures of the terrestrial planets (Earth, Venus, Mars, Mercury) and on type III solar radio bursts. The compact and dispersed cosmic matter is also considered with regard to the search for new cosmic objects and phenomena and on the nature of the ref shift from compact galaxies. Astronomers and astrophysicists will find the book invaluable.

  • Electronic Structure and Properties

    Treatise on Materials Science and Technology, Vol. 21
    • 1st Edition
    • Frank Y. Fradin
    • English
    Treatise on Materials Science and Technology, Volume 21: Electronic Structure and Properties covers the developments in electron theory and electron spectroscopies. The book discusses the electronic structure of perfect and defective solids; the photoelectron spectroscopy as an electronic structure probe; and the electron-phonon interaction. The text describes the elastic properties of transition metals; the electrical resistivity of metals; as well as the electronic structure of point defects in metals. Metallurgists, materials scientists, materials engineers, and students involved in the related fields will find the book useful.

  • Organic Thin Films and Surfaces: Directions for The Nineties

    Directions for the Nineties
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 20
    • Abraham Ulman
    • English
    Physics of Thin Films has been one of the longest running continuing series in thin film science consisting of 20 volumes since 1963. The series contains some of the highest quality studies of the properties ofvarious thin films materials and systems.In order to be able to reflect the development of todays science and to cover all modern aspects of thin films, the series, beginning with Volume 20, will move beyond the basic physics of thin films. It will address the most important aspects of both inorganic and organic thin films, in both their theoretical as well as technological aspects. Therefore, in order to reflect the modern technology-oriented problems, the title has been slightly modified from Physics of Thin Films to Thin Films.Edited by Abraham Ulman, Organic Thin Films and Surfaces: Directions for the Nineties will be the first volume to link two dynamic areas in the physical sciences--organic thin films and surface science. Contributions from leading experts in the field cover a range of important topics on the processing, characterization, and applications of organic thin films.

  • Applied Solid State Science

    Advances in Materials and Device Research
    • 1st Edition
    • Raymond Wolfe
    • English
    Applied Solid State Science: Advances in Materials and Device Research, Volume 1 presents articles about junction electroluminescence; metal-insulator-semi... (MIS) physics; ion implantation in semiconductors; and electron transport through insulating thin films. The book describes the basic physics of carrier injection; energy transfer and recombination mechanisms; state of the art efficiencies; and future prospects for light emitting diodes. The text then discusses solid state spectroscopy, which is the pair spectra observed in gallium phosphide photoluminescence. The extensive studies of MIS diodes that have led to detailed understanding of the silicon-silicon dioxide interface, as well as the devices that can be fabricated by ion implantation in semiconductors are also considered. The book further tackles fundamental mechanisms of electron transport through insulating thin films; mechanisms that influence the design of many thin film; and semiconductor devices. Solid state physicists, materials scientists, electrical engineers, and graduate students working near the subjects being discussed will find the book invaluable.

  • Atmospheric Electricity

    International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy
    • 2nd Edition
    • J. Alan Chalmers
    • D. ter Haar
    • English
    Atmospheric Electricity, Second Edition provides a comprehensive discussion of the various aspects and areas of concern in atmospheric electricity. The book limits its concerns to the essential and unique topics that are relevant to the general problems in atmospheric electricity. The text first presents historical survey atmospheric electricity, and then proceeds to covering the general principles involved in atmospheric electricity. The subsequent chapters cover the much more specific and technical concepts, such as the separation of charge; the lightning discharge; the transfer of charge; the vertical potential gradient; and ions and nuclei. The title will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of disciplines related to meteorology.

  • Seismology

    Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 30
    • 1st Edition
    • V. Beloussov
    • English
    Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 30: Seismology is an eight-chapter text that provides seismological data observed during the International Geophysical Year (IGY). The resolution to include seismology in the IGY program has considerably stimulated seismic researches and accelerated the development of nets of seismic stations in many countries. After a brief introduction to seismological stations and equipment, this book goes on dealing with the approved proposal of the U.S.S.R. to establish three seismological stations in the Arctic zone and recommended to other nations that maintain seismological stations in that zone. A chapter presents the microseismological activities observed in various regions, emphasizing their geographical differences. Other chapters present a summary of special seismic crustal studies during the IGY to examine Earth's crust and Antarctic structures. The final chapters contain data on long period waves and the Lg phase, as well as the measurements of the Earth's crust strain. This book will be of value to geophysicists and researchers in the field.

  • Nuclear Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Fay Ajzenberg-Selove
    • English
    Nuclear Spectroscopy, Part A deals with the experimental and theoretical techniques involved in nuclear spectroscopy. This book discusses the interactions of charged particles with matter, gaseous ionization detectors, and particular mass attenuation coefficients. The magnetic gamma-ray spectrometers for photo or internal-conversion electrons, general characteristics of cross-section variation with energy, and measurement of fast neutron spectra are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the elastic scattering of photons by nuclei and measurement of widths of gamma-radiating levels. This publication is recommended for graduate students preparing for experimental research in nuclear spectroscopy, students who have completed graduate-level courses in quantum mechanics and nuclear physics, and specialists who wish to acquire a broader understanding of nuclear spectroscopy.

  • Advances in Biological and Medical Physics

    Volume 12
    • 1st Edition
    • John H. Lawrence + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Biological and Medical Physics, Volume 12 covers the significant progress in various aspects of biology and medical physics. This volume is composed of 16 chapters. The opening chapters deal with the principles and application of freeze-etching technique and scanning electron microscopy. The succeeding chapters review the development rudimentary model of the chromosome, the mechanisms involving large number of steps to kinetic studies of multisubstrate enzyme systems, and some biophysical approaches to evaluate radiation effects and their repair. These topics are followed by discussions the origin of the observed fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra of DNA, as well as some aspects of energy transfer that apply to DNA and other polynucleotides. Other chapters explore the processes of cellular repair, cell’s radiation sensivity, bacterial photoreactivation of mutation, and the genetic control of DNA repair and genetic recombination. The final chapters consider the mechanism of mutation suppression in yeast, the role of cytoplasm in radiobiology, and the different random factors governing the dose-effect relation. This book is of value to biologists, medical physicists, and medical practitioners.

  • Advances in Microwaves

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • Leo Young
    • English
    Advances in Microwaves, Volume 2 focuses on the developments in microwave solid-state devices and circuits. This volume contains six chapters that also describe the design and applications of diplexers and multiplexers. The first chapter deals with the parameters of the tunnel diode, oscillators, amplifiers and frequency converter, followed by a simple physical description and the basic operating principles of the solid state devices currently capable of generating coherent microwave power, including transistors, harmonic generators, and tunnel, avalanche transit time, and diodes. The next chapters discuss the characteristics of cooled parametric amplifiers; effective input noise temperature, gain-bandwidth product; gain stability, shot noise and varactor heating; and design and analysis principles of varactor harmonic generators. A chapter surveys the theory, design, and applications of diplexers and multiplexers. The concluding chapter treats the numerical solution of broad classes of problems that arise in the use of TEM-mode transmission lines.

  • Electricity and Magnetism

    Problems in Undergraduate Physics
    • 1st Edition
    • S. P. Strelkov + 2 more
    • English
    Problems in Undergraduate Physics, Volume II: Electricity and Magnetism is part of a series of titles that provides a collection of problems in the various aspects of physics. This book is designed to supplement any undergraduate physics textbook. This volume is comprised of 10 chapters that provide both problems and solutions in various aspects of electromagnetism. The coverage of this text includes direct current laws; magnetic field of a current; electromagnetic induction; alternating currents; and electromagnetic waves. This selection will be of great use to both instructors and students of undergraduate physics course.

  • Advances in Astronomy and Astrophysics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • Zdeněk Kopal
    • English
    Advances in Astronomy and Astrophysics, Volume 6 brings together numerous research works on different aspects of astronomy and astrophysics. This volume is composed of five chapters, and starts with the description of improved methods for analyzing and classifying families of periodic orbits in a conservative dynamical system with two degrees of freedom. The next chapter describes the variation of fractional luminosity of distorted components of close binary systems in the course of their revolution, or the accompanying changes in radial velocity. This topic is followed by discussions on various mechanisms that have been proposed for the interstellar medium, as well as the mass exchange and evolution of close binary stars. The concluding chapter examines evidence for lunar luminescence. This book will prove useful to astronomers and astrophysicists.

  • A Guide to the Solar Corona

    • 1st Edition
    • Donald E. Billings
    • English
    A Guide to the Solar Corona is specifically directed to the space scientist or engineer who is not a specialist in solar physics, but whose work requires a fairly detailed knowledge of the corona. It is hoped that the material may prove useful to most graduate students in astrophysics, while solar physicists may find some topics of interest and value to them. The book contains 12 chapters and begins with three descriptive chapters that provide the casual reader with a concept of the corona as it is evident through more or less direct observation. Topics covered include the development of coronal science, observational techniques, and observational aspects of the corona. The next chapter discusses methods of analyzing coronal data. Subsequent chapters present theoretical considerations as they are applicable to the corona. These combine theory with observation to provide a description of the various aspects of the corona. The final chapter is a combination of established ideas and speculation on the place of the corona in the universe.

  • Advances in Biological and Medical Physics

    Volume 3
    • 1st Edition
    • John H. Lawrence + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Biological and Medical Physics, Volume III is a collection of papers dealing with the applications of radioactive isotopes, particularly, with the dosimetry of artificial radioactive isotopes, and the kinetics of the turnover of radioactive substances. One paper explains dosimetry in medicine as regards (1) units and absolute dosage rates, and (2) the distribution of radiation in a scattering medium such as the human body. The investigator can use tracers to make individual observations of the behavior of specific molecules in steady state systems. This feature of tracer applications leads to analysis of biological reaction kinetics. Some papers discuss the mechanisms involved in the antigen-antibody reactions, molecular analysis using fast charged particles, x-ray microscopy, ultraviolet microscopy, microspectroscopy, as well as the biological effects of ultrasonic waves. Ultrasonic waves can affect biological material through heat action, mechanical action, or chemical action. One paper suggests that cell disintegration is due to the mechanical effect provoked by cavitation and that cells are probably broken down by the sharp-fronted shock wave resulting from the collapse of cavitation bubbles. The collection can prove beneficial for biochemists, micro-biologists, bio-physicists, cellular researchers, and academicians involved in the study of cellular biology.

  • Men of Physics: Benjamin Thompson – Count Rumford

    Count Rumford on the Nature of Heat
    • 1st Edition
    • Sanborn C. Brown
    • D. ter Haar
    • English
    Men of Physics: Benjamin Thompson—Count Rumford: Count Rumford on the Nature of Heat presents the life and works of Count Rumford, an American-born British physicist and inventor. This book is divided in two parts. The first part gives a biographical sketch of Count Rumford, Benjamin Thompson, who was born on March 23, 1753 and died in 1814. This part also discusses the contemporary caloric theory and the reason why Rumford disbelieved the theory. The second part presents his technical works, discoveries, and contributions in the field of physics. Some of which are his demonstration of the existence of convection currents; heat by friction; thermal expansion; and other studies concerning heat. This text will be of interest for physicists and other professionals in the related fields.

  • Maxwell's Equations and Their Consequences

    Elementary Electromagnetic Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • B. H. Chirgwin + 2 more
    • English
    Elementary Electromagnetic Theory Volume 3: Maxwell’s Equations and their Consequences is the third of three volumes that intend to cover electromagnetism and its potential theory. The third volume considers the implications of Maxwell's equations, such as electromagnetic radiation in simple cases, and its relation between Maxwell's equation and the Lorenz transformation. Included in this volume are chapters 11-14, which contain an in-depth discussion of the following topics: • Electromagnetic Waves • The Lorentz Invariance of Maxwell's Equation • Radiation • Motion of Charged Particles Intended to serve as an introduction to electromagnetism and potential theory, the book is for second, third, and fourth year undergraduates of physics and engineering, as they are included in their course of study. Do note that the authors assume that the readers are conversant with the basic ideas of vector analysis, including vector integral theorems.

  • Physics of Nuclei and Particles

    Volume II
    • 1st Edition
    • Pierre Marmier + 1 more
    • English
    Physics of Nuclei and Particles, Volume II explores the prevalent descriptive methods used in nuclear and particle physics, with emphasis on the phenomenological and model-based aspects. The interactions of nuclear particles are discussed, along with nuclear forces and potentials and scattering and reaction models employed in nuclear physics. The nuclear structure and models of the nucleus are also considered. Comprised of four chapters, this volume begins with a review of the characteristics of nucleons and other particles that play a role in nuclear interaction processes in order to gain further insight into the underlying physical problems. Neutron physics, antinucleons, deuteron physics, and two-body nuclear forces are highlighted, together with three- and four- nucleon systems and heavy-ion physics. The next three chapters deal with nuclear forces and potentials, as deduced from nuclear dynamics (scattering and polarization); scattering and reaction models used in nuclear physics; and nuclear models such as the shell model, models of deformed nuclei, and many-body self-consistent models. The book concludes with an analysis of the Brueckner-Bethe-Gold... theory of nuclear matter. This book will be of interest to physicists.

  • Applied Automata Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Julius T. Tou
    • English
    Applied Automata Theory provides an engineering style of presentation of some of the applied work in the field of automata theory. Topics covered range from algebraic foundations and recursive functions to regular expressions, threshold logic, and switching circuits. Coding problems and stochastic processes are also discussed, along with content addressable memories, probabilistic reliability, and Turing machines. Much emphasis is placed on engineering applications. Comprised of nine chapters, this book first deals with the algebraic foundations of automata theory, focusing on concepts such as semigroups, groups and homomorphisms, and partially ordered sets and lattices, as well as congruences and other relations. The reader is then introduced to regular expressions; stochastic automata and discrete systems theory; and switching networks as models of discrete stochastic processes. Subsequent chapters explore applications of automata theory in coding; content addressable and distributed logic memories; recursive functions and switching-circuit theory; and synthesis of a cellular computer. The book concludes with an assessment of the fundamentals of threshold logic. This monograph is intended for graduates or advanced undergraduates taking a course in information science or a course on discrete systems in modern engineering curriculum.

  • Nuclear Moments

    • 2nd Edition
    • H. Kopferman + 1 more
    • H. S. W. Massey
    • English
    Nuclear Moments focuses on the processes, methodologies, reactions, and transformations of molecules and atoms, including magnetic resonance and nuclear moments. The book first offers information on nuclear moments in free atoms and molecules, including theoretical foundations of hyperfine structure, isotope shift, spectra of diatomic molecules, and vector model of molecules. The manuscript then takes a look at nuclear moments in liquids and crystals. Discussions focus on nuclear paramagnetic and magnetic resonance and nuclear quadrupole resonance. The text discusses nuclear moments and nuclear models, as well as simple conclusions from experimental data and graphical representations of nuclear models and moments. An explanation of symbols used in the manuscript is also presented. The book is a dependable reference for readers interested in the study of nuclear moments.

  • Tables of IGY Monthly Median Ionospheric Data

    Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 14
    • 1st Edition
    • W. J. G. Beynon + 1 more
    • English
    Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 14: Tables of IGY Monthly Median Ionospheric Data is the second of five volumes of l.G.Y. data containing tables of monthly median values of ionospheric characteristics for the period July 1957-January 1959 inclusive. The data are extracted from booklets, bulletins and data summaries of many kinds which have been prepared at ionospheric observatories and sent to one of the Discipline V World Data Centers at Boulder, Moscow, Slough, and Tokyo. This volume is composed of 27 chapters representing the stations, which are arranged in alphabetical order. The tables for each station are preceded by some of the more important information relating to the station. This information is taken from the Ionospheric Stations Manual (U.S.R.I., 1958) that also contains hourly values of cos X and many other useful data. Both the U.R.S.I, three letter code and the C.S.A.G.I. number have been included in the tables to facilitate reference either to the Ionospheric Stations Manual or to Annals of the I.G.Y. Volume VII. This book will be of value to geophysicists, researchers, and workers in the allied fields.

  • Physical Processes in Radiation Biology

    Proceedings of an International Symposium Sponsored by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and Held at the Kellogg Center for Continuing Education, Michigan State University, on May 6 – 8, 1963
    • 1st Edition
    • Leroy Augenstein + 2 more
    • English
    Physical Processes in Radiation Biology covers the proceedings of an International Symposium on Physical Processes in Radiation Biology, held at the Kellogg Center for Continuing Education, Michigan State University on May 6-8, 1963, sponsored by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. The symposium aims to address the core problems of radiation biology concerning the absorption, distribution, and utilization of high energy packets in biological systems. This book is composed of 21 chapters, and begins with an introduction to the absorption, excitation, and transfer processes in molecular solids. The subsequent chapters discuss the nature of exciton processes; the mechanisms of charge transport in biological materials; the interactions of fast and slow electrons with model systems; the importance of liquid structures in determining the development of radiation damage; and the nature of the metastable species formed. The concluding chapters explore the importance of charge migration in energy transfer processes in different biological systems and the significance of higher excited levels in charge migration and energy transfer. These chapters also describe the nature of the hydration of electrons and protons in aqueous systems. This book will be of great value to radiation biologists, biophysicists, physical chemists, and physicists.

  • Planning of Subsurface Use

    • 1st Edition
    • Birger Jansson + 1 more
    • English
    Planning of Subsurface Use covers the various factors and aspects that characterize subsurface installations and subsurface construction. The technique of subsurface construction in the form of tunnels and rock cavities has been developed in Sweden to a very high level. This book is composed of 14 chapters and begins with an overview of subsurface construction in Sweden. The next chapters provide the planning details and legal issues in Swedish subsurface construction project. Considerable chapters discuss the importance of responsible planning of the project, with particular emphasis on planning requirements and administrative routines. The final chapters focus on the subsurface installation problems associated with responsibility and compensation for damage.

  • Advances in Biological and Medical Physics

    Volume 8
    • 1st Edition
    • Cornelius A. Tobias + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Biological and Medical Physics, Volume VIII is a collection of papers that deals with chemical elements of blood, neutron activation analysis, and low level gamma-ray scintillation spectrometry. One paper describes the analysis of a large number of chemical elements in a single sample of human blood serum that includes the mean values gathered for 66 chemical elements. Another paper reviews the application of neutron activation analysis to biological and medical research, particularly in the detection and quantitation of trace elements in biological tissues. Some papers discuss the use of heavy ions in molecular and cellular radiobiology, the physics of space radiation, and carcinogenesis mechanisms. One paper discusses the radio-biological consequences of the ionizing radiation on a biological system that depends on the spatial distribution of the energy the system absorbs. The paper notes that the efficiency of heavy ions to inactivate dried enzymes kept at various constant temperatures during the exposure differs significantly from results obtained from that of sparsely ionizing radiations. Results gathered from comparisons of model and experiments, show that indirect energy transfers, such as those made by intermediary free radicals or other secondary reaction products, can play a role in carcinogenesis. The collection can prove beneficial for biochemists, micro-biologists, cellular researchers, and academicians involved in medical physics, radiological physics, or in the study of cellular biology and oncology.

  • Electron Paramagnetic Resonance

    • 1st Edition
    • S. A. Al'tshuler + 1 more
    • English
    Electron Paramagnetic Resonance is a comprehensive text on the field of electron paramagnetic resonance, covering both the theoretical background and the results of experiment. This book is composed of eight chapters that cover theoretical materials and experimental data on ionic crystals, since these are the materials that have been most extensively studied by the methods of paramagnetic resonance. The opening chapters provide an introduction to the basic principles of electron paramagnetic resonance and the methods of its measurement. The next chapters are devoted to the theory of spectra and experimental studies of ionic crystals, as well as the complexity of construction of a shape theory of a paramagnetic resonance line. The remaining chapters discuss the application of electron paramagnetic resonance technique to the study of metals, semiconductors, defects in crystals, and free radicals.

  • Optics

    Lectures on Theoretical Physics, Vol. 4
    • 1st Edition
    • Arnold Sommerfeld
    • English
    Optics: Lectures on Theoretical Physics, Volume IV covers geometrical, physical, and physiological optics. The book discusses the reflection and refraction of light; the optics of moving media and sources in the astronomical perspective; and the theory of dispersion. The text also describes crystal optics; the theory of diffraction; as well as the nature of white light. Physicists and people involved in the study of optics will find the book invaluable.

  • Electron Impact Phenomena

    And the Properties of Gaseous Ions
    • 1st Edition
    • F. H. Field + 1 more
    • H. S. W. Massey + 1 more
    • English
    Electron Impact Phenomena and the Properties of Gaseous Ions, Revised Edition deals with data pertaining to electron impact and to molecular gaseous ionic phenomena. This book discusses electron impact phenomena in gases at low pressure that involve low-energy electrons, which result in ion formation. The text also describes the use of mass spectrometers in electron impact studies and the degree of accuracy obtained when measuring electron impact energies. This book also reviews relatively low speed electrons and the transitions that result in the ionization of the atomic system. This text then discusses diatomic molecules whose mass spectra can be interpreted using the Franck-Condon principle. This selection also presents some examples of ions in solution that resemble the gaseous ions formed by electron impacts. The energies of these gaseous ions can be the key to understanding the mechanisms of ionic reactions. These examples include the olefin addition reactions and catalytic cracking. This text will prove invaluable for research chemists, students, and professors in chemistry and related fields such as organic chemistry and electrochemistry.

  • Nuclear Spin-Parity Assignments

    Proceedings of the Conference on Bases for Nuclear Spin-Parity Assignments, Gatlinburg, Tennessee, November 11-13, 1965
    • 1st Edition
    • Norwood B. Gove
    • English
    Nuclear Spin-Parity Assignments covers the proceedings of the Bases for Nuclear Spin-Parity Assignments conference held in Gatlinburg, Tennessee on November 11-13, 1965. The book focuses on methods for deducing spins and parities of low-lying nuclear states. The selection first offers information on the criteria for spin-parity assignments and direct measurements of spins of radioactive nuclei. Discussions focus on microwave spectroscopy method, paramagnetic resonance method, optical spectroscopic method, and nuclear magnetic resonance technique. The book also elaborates on absolute conversion coefficient measurements for spin and parity assignments; coincidence arrangement for nuclear lifetime measurements using fast gas-filled counters; and beta and gamma transition probabilities. The text ponders on particle angular correlations following nuclear reactions; gamma-ray angular correlations following nuclear reactions; and spin determinations through triple angular correlation measurements. The manuscript also examines Coulomb excitation; nuclear isomer excitation by low-energy electrons and x rays; and analysis of inelastic scattering by adiabatic approximation. The selection is highly recommended for readers interested in nuclear spin-parity assignments.

  • Focusing of Charged Particles

    • 1st Edition
    • Albert Septier
    • English
    Focusing of Charged Particles, Volume I deals with the various aspects of problems in corpuscular optics such as the need for new focusing principles to guide the beams of fast particles over long distances and to increase the internal efficiency of particle accelerators. This volume is comprised of articles from specialists who attempt to find solutions to various problems in geometrical corpuscular optics. The topics discussed in the book include the general properties of potentials, fields and trajectories, the methods for resolving Laplace's and Poisson's equations and computing trajectories with or without space charge, and a description of the methods used for the measurement of magnetic fields. The optics of straight axis systems for producing and focusing low-intensity beams: high-brightness electron guns, electrostatic and magnetic electron lenses, and strong focusing lenses for high-energy beams are covered as well. The text ends with the elucidation of the problem of the production of electron microprobes. Physicists, students, researchers, and engineers working with charged particles will find the book invaluable.

  • The Dynamics of Living Protoplasm

    • 1st Edition
    • L. V. Heilbrunn
    • English
    The Dynamics of Living Protoplasm provides an overview of the state of knowledge in the colloid chemistry of protoplasm that can help to interpret and explain some of the most puzzling and intriguing problems that physiologists have had to face. The book shows that there is now definite knowledge about the protoplasmic colloid, knowledge that provides a basis for an understanding of the mechanisms underlying vital activity. This knowledge is primarily of theoretical interest, but eventually it will help to solve problems of practical importance in the fields of human physiology, pharmacology, and pathology. The book opens with an introductory chapter on the study of protoplasm. This is followed by separate chapters on protoplasmic viscosity, protoplasmic gels, electrochemistry of the cell, the surface precipitation reaction, protoplasmic clotting, and muscular contraction. Subsequent chapters deal with the excitation of nerve, conduction and transmission, cell division and its suppression, stimulation and anesthesia, the colloidal theory of stimulation and anesthesia, and cellular homeostasis.

  • Annals of the International Geophysical Year

    Solar Radio Emission During the International Geophysical Year
    • 1st Edition
    • S. F. Smerd
    • English
    Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 34: Solar Radio Emission During the International Geophysical Year covers the significant solar radio emission events observed during the International Geophysical Year (IGY). This book is composed of six chapters, and begins with a summary of tabulated quantities describing solar radio emission during the IGY. The tabulated figures illustrate the method of recording the position of radio sources on the sun, the use of symbols in describing the structure of bursts observed at single frequencies, and the different types used in a spectral classification of solar activity. The next chapters describe large solar-terrestrial disturbances seen during the IGY. The concluding chapter provides the statistical analysis derives from statistical spectra for several kinds of solar bursts at radio wavelengths and illustrates the sequence and mutual dependence of various manifestations of solar and terrestrial activity through correlograms for the IGY period.

  • Plasma Transport, Heating and MHD Theory

    Proceedings of the Workshop, Varenna, Italy, 12-16 September 1977
    • 1st Edition
    • T. Stringer + 2 more
    • English
    Plasma Transport, Heating and MHD Theory provides information pertinent to the theory of plasma transport, heating, and MHD. This book describes the resistive steady states of elliptical cross-section plasmas. Organized into five parts encompassing 28 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the effects due to instabilities excited in the low-density regime of tokamaks by runaway electrons via the cyclotron resonance. This text then examines the formulation of transport theory, which is applied to transport in tokamak due to trapped-particle instabilities in the quasi-linear stage. Other chapters consider the stability of the boundary regions of gas insulated plasmas. This book discusses as well the zero-dimensional or point model of the Elmo Bumpy Torus (EBT) experiment in which spatial dependences are eliminated by replacing all plasma gradients by characteristic scale lengths equal to the plasma minor radius. The final chapter deals with anomalous transport theory. This book is a valuable resource for plasma physicists.

  • Structural Theorems and Their Applications

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Structures and Solid Body Mechanics Division
    • 1st Edition
    • B. G. Neal
    • B. G. Neal
    • English
    Structural Theorems and Their Applications is an account of the various structural theorems and their applications. Topics covered range from the principles of superposition to virtual work and energy concepts, calculation of deflections, and analysis of indeterminate structures using the compatibility and equilibrium methods. Reciprocal theorems and theorems of plastic analysis for plane frames are also discussed. This book is comprised of eight chapters and begins with an overview of the problems of structural analysis and the importance of the principle of virtual work in this regard, followed by an analysis of the principles of superposition. The next chapter is devoted to virtual work and energy concepts such as strain energy and complementary energy. The principle of virtual work is used in the subsequent chapters as the basis for all of the indirect methods of structural analysis described in the text, including the analysis of indeterminate structures using the compatibility method and the equilibrium method. The principle of virtual work is also used to prove the reciprocal theorems and to establish the various theorems of plastic and incremental collapse for framed structures. This monograph will be of interest to mechanical and structural engineers.

  • Rapport sur les Travaux Gravimetriques Antarctique

    Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 31
    • 1st Edition
    • P. Tardi
    • English

  • Applications of Nuclear and Radiochemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard M. Lambrecht + 1 more
    • English
    Applications of Nuclear and Radiochemistry is a collection of articles focusing on contemporary applied research on radioactive isotopes. The monograph is based on the Second Chemical Congress of the North American Continent, held at Las Vegas, Nevada in August 1980. The book contains articles on developments in nuclear chemistry and radiochemistry, emphasizing the topic of radiopharmaceutical chemistry. The text is composed of two parts, wherein the first part is comprised of papers dealing with advances in the production of radionuclides for nuclear medicine, in the synthesis of labeled pharmaceuticals, and in the design and use of specific diagnostic agents. These sections cover research areas on machines used for research, such as compact accelerators, positron emission, and single photon tomographs. Emphasis is given to the radiochemistry and design of radiopharmaceuticals for receptor studies and for determining physiological function and metabolism of the brain, heart, and tumors. The second part examines contemporary advances including the impact of radiochemistry in China pertaining to the fallout from Chinese nuclear tests. This part also contains a section covering a list of uncommon topics. The text is of interest to nuclear scientists, academicians in the field of radiology and radiochemistry, researchers in nuclear medicine, nuclear engineers, and environmental researchers.

  • Quantum Theory

    Radiation and High Energy Physics
    • 1st Edition
    • D. R. Bates
    • English
    Quantum Theory, III: Radiation and High Energy Physics focuses on the fundamentals and applications of quantum theory. The selection first offers information on relativistic wave equations and noncovariant quantum theory of radiation, including the Dirac equation, Klein-Gordon equation, semiclassical theory, quantum theory of the radiation field, and general electromagnetic fields. The text then takes a look at the covariant theory of radiation, as well as the relativistic quantum field theory, free electromagnetic field, electron and electromagnetic fields in interaction, and solution of the interacting field problem. The publication examines meson theory and nuclear forces and nuclear structure. Discussions focus on properties of the noninteracting system; characteristics of the two-body interaction; variational calculation of first-order energy; relativistic calculations in meson physics; and meson nucleon interactions. Hidden variables in the quantum theory and nuclear structure are also discussed. The selection is a valuable source of data for readers interested in quantum theory.

  • Advances in Biological and Medical Physics

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • John H. Lawrence + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Biological and Medical Physics, Volume II highlights the application of nuclear physics to biological and medical problems. This volume is composed of nine chapters, and start with survey on the biological effects of radiation exposure. The succeeding chapters deal with the mechanisms of molecular exchange and blood transfusion; the use of carbon isotopes in in vivo and in vitro animal studies; and the principles and applications of radioautographic technique. These topics are followed by discussions on the carcinogenic potential of ionizing radiation and the detection or measurement of radioisotopes in intact tissues of animals. The remaining chapters focus on some applications of nuclear physical and biophysical approaches in medicine. This book is of value to biologists, radiation scientists, and medical practitioners.

  • Symmetries in Elementary Particle Physics

    1964 International School of Physics Ettore Majorana, a CERN-MPI-NATO Advanced Study Institute
    • 1st Edition
    • A Zichichi
    • English
    Symmetries in Elementary Particle Physics focuses on the processes, methodologies, advancements, and reactions in elementary particle physics. The selection first offers information on symmetry principles in particle physics and vector and axial currents under first order symmetry breaking. Discussions focus on restrictions following from charge conjugation; non-renormalization theorem for the vector current octet; second class amplitudes for leptonic decays; and discrete symmetry operations. The text then takes a look at methods for assigning spin and parity to baryon resonances and general review of neutrino physics. The publication examines momentum spectrum of positrons from muon decay and the status of strong electromagnetic and weak interactions. Topics include basic physics, conservation laws, question of dynamics, and existential questions. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in the symmetries in elementary particle physics.

  • Absorption and Dispersion of Ultrasonic Waves

    • 1st Edition
    • Karl F. Herzfeld + 1 more
    • H. S. W. Massey + 1 more
    • English
    Absorption and Dispersion of Ultrasonic Waves focuses on the influence of ultrasonics on molecular processes in liquids and gases, including hydrodynamics, energy exchange, and chemical reactions. The book first offers information on the Stokes-Navier equations of hydrodynamics, as well as equations of motion, viscosity, formal introduction of volume viscosity, and linearized wave equation for a nonviscous fluid. The manuscript then ponders on energy exchange between internal and external degrees of freedom as relaxation phenomenon; effect of slow energy exchange on sound propagation; different ways of evaluating the dispersion curve; and exact calculation of absorption and dispersion. The text examines the effects of chemical reactions, thermodynamic theory of relaxation, and mixtures. The book also evaluates the absorption of high intensity sound waves, ratio of relaxation absorption to classical absorption at maximum, and gas mixtures. Discussions also focus on translational relaxation in monatomic gases, linear triatomic molecules, and results for rotational relaxation. The manuscript is a dependable source of data for readers interested in the absorption and dispersion of ultrasonic waves.

  • An Introduction to the Electron Theory of Solids

    Metallurgy Division
    • 1st Edition
    • John Stringer
    • W. S. Owen + 2 more
    • English
    An Introduction to the Electron Theory of Solids introduces the reader to the electron theory of solids. Topics covered range from the breakdown of classical theory to atomic spectra and the old quantum theory, as well as the uncertainty principle of Heisenberg and the foundations of quantum mechanics. Some problems in wave mechanics and a wave-mechanical treatment of the simple harmonic oscillator and the hydrogen atom are also presented. Comprised of 12 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to Isaac Newton's theory of classical mechanics and how the scientists after him discounted his ideas. The discussion then turns to the spectrum of atomic hydrogen and the old quantum theory; Heisenberg's uncertainty principle and the consequences of wave-particle duality; the foundations of quantum mechanics; and assemblies of atoms. Atoms in motion and statistical mechanics are also considered, along with simple models of metals and the band theory of solids. The final chapter presents some results of band theory, with particular reference to thermal ionization of impurity atoms and conductivity of metals. This monograph is primarily intended for students of any discipline.

  • Geographical Distribution of the International Geophysical Year Stations

    Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 8
    • 1st Edition
    • M. Nicolet
    • English

  • Visual Optics and the Optical Space Sense

    • 1st Edition
    • Hugh Davson
    • English
    The Eye, Volume 4: Visual Optics and the Optical Space Sense provides a well-integrated and authoritative account of the physiology of the eye. The book is organized into two parts. Part I on visual optics begins with a discussion of the branches of optics and the basic principles of geometrical optics. This is followed by separate chapters on refraction at plane and spherical surfaces; the thin spherical lens in air; reflexion at plane and spherical surfaces; the astigmatic lens; aberrations of optical images; ametropia and its correction; and retinoscopy and ophthalmoscopy. Part II on the optical space sense includes discusses of objective and subjective space; spatial localization according to direction; perception of distance and of size; spatial localization through binocular vision; special topics in binocular spatial localization; and ocular dominance and binocular retinal rivalry. Whilst the emphasis has been on readability rather than exhaustiveness, the various accounts are sufficiently well documented to make the treatise valuable not only to teachers in physiology, psychology and ophthalmology, but also to research workers in all branches of ocular physiology.

  • Mechanics

    Problems in Undergraduate Physics
    • 1st Edition
    • S. P. Strelkov + 1 more
    • English
    Problems in Undergraduate Physics, Volume I: Mechanics focuses on solutions to problems in physics. The book first discusses the fundamental problems in physics. Topics include laws of conservation of momentum and energy; dynamics of a point particle in circular motion; dynamics of a rotating rigid body; hydrostatics and aerostatics; and acoustics. The text also offers information on solutions to problems in physics. Answers to problems in kinematics, statics, gravity, elastic deformations, vibrations, and hydrostatics and aerostatics are discussed. Solutions to problems related to the laws of conservation of momentum and energy; dynamics of point particle in circular motion; dynamics of a rotating rigid body; and hydrodynamics and aerodynamics are also described. The book is a vital source of information for readers and physicists wanting to find solutions to problems in physics.

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