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Elsevier

Books in Instrumentation

Focusing on measurement tools, detectors, and experimental setups, this collection supports physicists, engineers, and researchers. It features cutting-edge advances in precision instrumentation, spectroscopy, and data acquisition systems that enable accurate investigations of physical phenomena across all fields of physics, from quantum to astrophysics, facilitating technological progress and scientific discovery.

  • Electron Magnetic Resonance

    Applications in Physical Sciences and Biology
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 50
    • Ashutosh Kumar Shukla
    • English
    Electron Magnetic Resonance: Applications in Physical Sciences and Biology, Volume 50, describes the principles and recent trends in different experimental methods of Electron Magnetic Resonance (EMR) spectroscopy. In addition to principles, experimental methods and applications, each chapter contains a complete list of references that guide the reader to relevant literature. The book is intended for both skilled and novice researchers in academia, professional fields, scientists and students without any geographical limitations. It is useful for both beginners and experts in the field of Electron Spin Resonance who are looking for recent experimental methods of EMR techniques.

  • Animal Cell Culture Methods

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 57
    • English
    This volume provides complete and thorough coverage of the classical and state-of-the-art methods used in cell culture. It also includes basic principles used in the selection of cells for specific scientific study, as well as analytical and procedural techniques.

  • Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry and Its Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter H. Dawson
    • English
    Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry and Its Applications provides a comprehensive discussion of quadrupoles and their applications. It proceeds from a general explanation of the action of radiofrequency quadrupole fields to the description of their utilization in mass analyzers—such as the quadrupole mass filter, the monopole, the three-dimensional quadrupole ion trap, and various time-of-flight spectrometers—and finally to the characteristic applications of quadrupoles. A multi-author format has been adopted to provide broader-than-usual viewpoint in the book. The book begins by explaining the principles of operation of quadrupole devices. These include ion trajectories and computer simulations of performance; analytical theory; numerical methods of calculation of performance, including the recently developed application of phase-space dynamics; and fringing fields and other field imperfections. Subsequent chapters provide design and performance evaluations of the mass filter, the monopole, ion traps, and time-of-flight instruments; and describe areas of application where quadrupole devices have made the greatest impact because of their particular advantages and disadvantages.

  • Ion Implantation Technology - 92

    • 1st Edition
    • D.F. Downey + 3 more
    • English
    Ion implantation technology has made a major contribution to the dramatic advances in integrated circuit technology since the early 1970's. The ever-present need for accurate models in ion implanted species will become absolutely vital in the future due to shrinking feature sizes. Successful wide application of ion implantation, as well as exploitation of newly identified opportunities, will require the development of comprehensive implant models. The 141 papers (including 24 invited papers) in this volume address the most recent developments in this field. New structures and possible approaches are described. The implications for ion implantation technology as well as additional observations of needs and opportunities are discussed. The volume will be of value to all those who are interested in acquiring a more complete understanding of the current developments in ion implantation processes and comprehensive implant models.

  • C, H, N and O in Si and Characterization and Simulation of Materials and Processes

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 56
    • A. Borghesi + 4 more
    • English
    Containing over 200 papers, this volume contains the proceedings of two symposia in the E-MRS series. Part I presents a state of the art review of the topic - Carbon, Hydrogen, Nitrogen and Oxygen in Silicon and in Other Elemental Semiconductors. There was strong representation from the industrial laboratories, illustrating that the topic is highly relevant for the semiconductor industry.The second part of the volume deals with a topic which is undergoing a process of convergence with two concerns that are more particularly application oriented. Firstly, the advanced instrumentation which, through the use of atomic force and tunnel microscopies, high resolution electron microscopy and other high precision analysis instruments, now allows for direct access to atomic mechanisms. Secondly, the technological development which in all areas of applications, particularly in the field of microelectronics and microsystems, requires as a result of the miniaturisation race, a precise mastery of the microscopic mechanisms.

  • Random Processes: Measurement, Analysis and Simulation

    • 1st Edition
    • J. Cacko + 2 more
    • English
    This book covers the basic topics associated with the measurement, analysis and simulation of random environmental processes which are encountered in practice when dealing with the dynamics, fatigue and reliability of structures in real environmental conditions. The treatment is self-contained and the authors have brought together and integrated the most important information relevant to this topic in order that the newcomer can see and study it as a whole. This approach should also be of interest to experienced engineers from fatigue laboratories who want to learn more about the possible methods of simulation, especially for use in real time on electrohydraulic computer-controlled loading machines.Problems of constructing a measuring system are dealt with in the first chapter. Here the authors discuss the choice of measuring conditions and locations, as well as the organization of a chain of devices for measuring and recording random environmental processes. Some experience gained from practical measurements is also presented. The recorded processes are further analysed by various methods. The choice is governed by the aims of the measurements and applications of the results. Chapter 2 is thus devoted to methods of random process evaluations for digital computers, both from the fatigue and dynamic point of view. The most important chapter is Chapter 3 as this presents a review of up-to-date methods of random process simulation with given statistical characteristics. These methods naturally follow those of random process analysis, and their results form initial data for the corresponding simulations algorithms, including occurrences of characteristic parameters of counting methods, reproduction of correlation theory characteristics and of autoregressive models. The simulation of non-stationary processes is treated in depth, taking into account their importance for practical applications and also the lack of information of this subject.The book is intended to help resolve many practical problems concerning the methods and quality of environmental process evaluation and simulation which can arise when up-to-date loading systems with computer control are being used in material, component and structural fatigue and dynamic research.

  • Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • K. Siegbahn
    • English
    Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy Volume 1 offers a comprehensive account of radioactivity and related low-energy phenomena. It summarizes progress in the field of alpha-, beta- and gamma-ray spectroscopy, including the discovery of the non-conservation of parity, as well as new experimental methods that elucidate the processes of weak interactions in general and beta-decay in particular. Comprised of 14 chapters, the book presents experimental methods and theoretical discussions and calculations to maintain the link between experiment and theory. It begins with a discussion of the interaction of electrons and alpha particles with matter. The book explains the elastic scattering of electrons by atomic nuclei and the interaction between gamma-radiation and matter. It then introduces topic on beta-ray spectrometer theory and design and crystal diffraction spectroscopy of nuclear gamma rays. Moreover, the book discusses the applications of the scintillation counter; proportional counting in gases; and the general processes and procedures used in determining disintegration schemes through a study of the beta- and gamma-rays emitted. In addition, it covers the nuclear shell model; collective nuclear motion and the unified model; and alpha-decay conservation laws. The emissions of gamma-radiation during charged particle bombardment and from fission fragments, as well as the neutron-capture radiation spectroscopy, are also explained. Experimentalists will find this book extremely useful.

  • Amplitude Distribution Spectrometers V3

    • 1st Edition
    • Waldemar Scharf
    • English
    Fundamental Studies in Engineering 3: Amplitude Distribution Spectrometers reviews amplitude or pulse-height distribution analyzers, both single- and multichannel types, and spectrometers, along with their construction and operation. It discusses the basic parameters of electrical impulses, the general parameters of amplitude distribution spectrometers, the conventional methods of analyzing amplitude distribution by means of single-channel spectrometers, analysis of amplitude spectra using computer methods, and methods and devices for multiparameter amplitude analysis. Comprised of eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of physical phenomena that can be represented in the form of electrical impulses arising in transducers of physical quantities. It then discusses the use of pulse-height spectrometers to determine the height distributions of electrical impulses, trends in the development of pulse-height spectrometers, conventional pulse-height analysis, and multispectral scaling. The reader is methodically introduced to the analysis of Gaussian distributions, Fourier-transform analysis, and measuring units used in preliminary signal processing. Other chapters focus on spectrogram recording methods, methods of spectrum averaging, computer methods of spectral analysis, and methods of recording multi-parameter spectrograms. The book concludes with a review of the use of pulse-height spectrometers in a wide range of fields such as medicine, biology, astronomy, nuclear research, space research, and physico-chemical research. Users of amplitude spectrometers in various fields of science and technology will find this book extremely useful.

  • Applications of Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalances

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 7
    • C. Lu + 1 more
    • English
    Applications of Piezoelectric Quartz Crystal Microbalances deals with the theory, design, artifacts, and varied applications of the piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalance. Applications of microbalances range from thin film deposition process control to simultaneous measurement of mass and temperature, analytical chemistry, and space system contamination studies. Stress effects in microbalances are also considered. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with a historical background and overview of applications of piezoelectric quartz crystal microbalances, followed by an analysis of the theory and practice of microbalances. The role of acoustic impedance in a quartz crystal microbalance and design considerations for a microbalance are given emphasis. Subsequent chapters focus on applications of microbalances in thin film deposition process control; simultaneous measurement of mass and temperature; surface science and analytical chemistry; plasma-assisted etching and space system contamination studies; and aerosol mass measurement. This monograph will be of interest to students and practitioners of physics, chemistry, and materials science.

  • Absolute Radiometry

    Electrically Calibrated Thermal Detectors of Optical Radiation
    • 1st Edition
    • F Hengstberger
    • English
    Absolute Radiometry: Electrically Calibrated Thermal Detectors of Optical Radiation considers the application of absolute radiometry, a technique employed in optical radiation metrology for the absolute measurement of radiant power. This book is composed of eight chapters and begins with the principles of the absolute measurement of radiant power. The subsequent chapters provide the criteria associated with reflectance and transmittance of optical radiation and the parameters used to characterize the performance of radiation detectors. A chapter presents an analysis of the temperature distribution in a detector element. This topic is followed by discussions of the environmental and instrumental corrections in absolute radiometry. The final chapters deal with the alternative optical power scales and direct current substitution methods used in other fields of metrology.

  • Measurement Evaluation

    • 1st Edition
    • A. Boros
    • English
    The information obtained about a measured object is called ``crude'' measurement information and must be related to the conditions under which the measurement took place. Using ``crude'' measurement information as a starting point, evaluation produces physically correctly interpreted data with their estimated (or corrected) error. Although a number of works deal with the evaluation of measurements, they either appeared a long time ago or serve essentially different aims. This book gives a comprehensive and current overview on the basic principles, aids, devices, and methods in the evaluation of measurements performed in all fields of technology and science in order to gain information about physical or technical objects. It also provides an introduction to the more recent problem areas such as frequency analysis, stochastic measurement information, real time treatment of measurement information, etc.The book will prove useful in solving the problem areas encountered by those involved in measurement technology and measurement evaluation. It will also serve as an introduction to those not possessing any specialized and advanced technical training in the subject matter.

  • Microweighing in Vacuum and Controlled Environments

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 4
    • A.W. Czanderna + 1 more
    • English
    Methods and Phenomena, 4: Their Applications in Science and Technology: Microweighing in Vacuum and Controlled Environments focuses on the principles, methodologies, and approaches involved in micro mass measurements. The selection first elaborates on introduction and microbalance review, beam microbalance design, construction and operation, and sources of error in microweighing in controlled environments. Discussions focus on Brownian motion, Knudsen forces, gravitational forces, microbalance construction and operation, auxiliary equipment for operation of a vacuum microbalance, undesirable disturbances or forces, calibration techniques, and classification of various types of microbalances. The text then takes a look at physical adsorption studies and chemisorption studies with the vacuum microbalance, simultaneous microgravimetric and residual gas analyzer measurements, and simultaneous measurement of mass change and infrared spectra. Topics include chemisorption results obtained on other solids and silver powders, probing the surface phase, quantitative information from adsorption and desorption, measuring techniques, and examples of physisorption measurements and their evaluation. The manuscript examines unusual applications of the vacuum microbalance and high temperature reaction studies, as well as empirical and theoretical rate laws, permeation of water vapor through plastic membranes, and measurement of permittivity and dielectric loss factor. The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers wanting to explore microweighing in vacuum and controlled environments.

  • Measurement and Instrumentation

    Theory and Application
    • 1st Edition
    • Alan S. Morris + 1 more
    • English
    Measurement and Instrumentation introduces undergraduate engineering students to the measurement principles and the range of sensors and instruments that are used for measuring physical variables. Based on Morris’s Measurement and Instrumentation Principles, this brand new text has been fully updated with coverage of the latest developments in such measurement technologies as smart sensors, intelligent instruments, microsensors, digital recorders and displays and interfaces. Clearly and comprehensively written, this textbook provides students with the knowledge and tools, including examples in LABVIEW, to design and build measurement systems for virtually any engineering application. The text features chapters on data acquisition and signal processing with LabVIEW from Dr. Reza Langari, Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University.

  • Radiometric Temperature Measurements

    II. Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 43
    • English
    This book describes the practice of radiation thermometry, both at a primary level and for a variety of applications, such as in the materials processing industries and remote sensing. This book is written for those who will a) apply radiation thermometry in industrial practice b) use radiation thermometers for scientific research, c) the radiation thermometry specialist in a national measurement institute d) developers of radiation thermometers who are working to innovate products for instrument manufacturers and e) developers non-contact thermometry methods to address challenging thermometry problems. The author(s) of each chapter were chosen from a group of international scientists who are experts in the field and specialist(s) on the subject matter covered in the chapter. A large number of references are included at the end of each chapter as a resource for those seeking a deeper or more detailed understanding. This book is more than a practice guide. Readers will gain in-depth knowledge in: (1) the proper selection of the type of thermometer; (2) the best practice in using the radiation thermometers; (3) awareness of the error sources and subsequent appropriate procedure to reduce the overall uncertainty; and (4) understanding of the calibration chain and its current limitations.

  • Radiometric Temperature Measurements

    I. Fundamentals
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 42
    • English
    This book describes the theory of radiation thermometry, both at a primary level and for a variety of applications, such as in the materials processing industries and remote sensing. This book is written for those who will apply radiation thermometry in industrial practice; use radiation thermometers for scientific research; the radiation thermometry specialist in a national measurement institute; developers of radiation thermometers who are working to innovate products for instrument manufacturers, and developers of non-contact thermometry methods to address challenging thermometry problems. The authors of each chapter were chosen from a group of international scientists who are experts in the field and specialists on the subject matter covered in the chapter. A large number of references are included at the end of each chapter as a resource for those seeking a deeper or more detailed understanding. This book is more than a practice guide, readers will gain in-depth knowledge in: (1) the proper selection of the type of thermometer; (2) the best practice in using the radiation thermometers; (3) awareness of the error sources and subsequent appropriate procedure to reduce the overall uncertainty; and (4) understanding of the calibration chain and its current limitations.

  • Fundamental Principles of Engineering Nanometrology

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard Leach
    • English
    Fundamental Principles of Engineering Nanometrology provides a comprehensive overview of engineering metrology and how it relates to micro and nanotechnology (MNT) research and manufacturing. By combining established knowledge with the latest advances from the field, it presents a comprehensive single volume that can be used for professional reference and academic study.

  • Physics and Engineering of Radiation Detection

    • 1st Edition
    • Syed Naeem Ahmed
    • English
    Physics and Engineering of Radiation Detection presents an overview of the physics of radiation detection and its applications. It covers the origins and properties of different kinds of ionizing radiation, their detection and measurement, and the procedures used to protect people and the environment from their potentially harmful effects. It details the experimental techniques and instrumentation used in different detection systems in a very practical way without sacrificing the physics content. It provides useful formulae and explains methodologies to solve problems related to radiation measurements. With abundance of worked-out examples and end-of-chapter problems, this book enables the reader to understand the underlying physical principles and their applications. Detailed discussions on different detection media, such as gases, liquids, liquefied gases, semiconductors, and scintillators make this book an excellent source of information for students as well as professionals working in related fields. Chapters on statistics, data analysis techniques, software for data analysis, and data acquisition systems provide the reader with necessary skills to design and build practical systems and perform data analysis.

  • Advances in LC-MS Instrumentation

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 72
    • Achille Cappiello
    • English
    The different LC-MS techniques available today were developed to suit specific analytical needs and the application range covered by each one is wide, but still limited. GC amenable compounds can be all analyzed with a single GC-MS system whereas HPLC applications call for specific LC-MS instrumental arrangements. ESI, APCI, APPI, and EI are ionization techniques that can be combined with different analyzers, in single or tandem configuration, to create the ultimate system for a certain application. Once approaching LC-MS for a specific need, the fast technical evolution and the variegated commercial offer can induce confusion in the potential user.The role of this book is to enlighten the state-of-the-art of LC-MS evolution through a series of contributions written by the people that brought major, recent innovations in the field. Each chapter will take into consideration the novelties, the advantages and the possible applications covered by a particular technical solution. The book will also include new analytical methods that can provide benefits using the most recent innovations in LC-MS plus a certain number of key applications.

  • Physical Techniques in the Study of Art, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 1
    • English
    The first of its kind, this series is devoted to the use of physical principles in the study and scientific conservation of objects with cultural heritage significance. It begins with a review of the modern museum, which discusses new techniques employed in the conservation of museum artifacts such as X-ray tomography and other techniques used to study Egyptian mummies, bones and mineralization of bones in the archaeological context, and the degradation of parchment. All of these topics and techniques are essential for the preservation of our history. This includes finding ways to preserve parchment documents and letters, which much of our written heritage is documented on, so that it can be used and understood for generations to come. This book is a must have for any museum as well as any university that teaches or employs the techniques discussed.

  • Free Electron Lasers 2003

    Proceedings of the 25th International Free Electron Laser Conference and the 10th FEL Users Workshop, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan, 8-12 September 2003
    • 1st Edition
    • Eisuke J. Minehara + 2 more
    • English
    This book contains the Proceedings of the 25th International Free Electron Laser Conference and the 10th Free Electron Laser Users Workshop, which were held on September 8-12, 2003 in Tsukuba, Ibaraki in Japan.

  • Free Electron Lasers 2002

    Proceedings of the 24th International Free Electron Laser Conference and the 9th FEL Users Workshop, Argonne, Illinois, U.S.A., September 9-13, 2002
    • 1st Edition
    • K.-J. Kim + 2 more
    • English
    This book contains the Proceedings of the 24th International Free Electron Laser Conference and the 9th Free Electron Laser Users Workshop, which were held on September 9-13, 2002 at Argonne National Laboratory. Part I has been reprinted from Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A 507 (2003), Nos. 1-2.

  • Mathematical Models of Hysteresis and their Applications

    Second Edition
    • 1st Edition
    • Isaak D. Mayergoyz
    • English
    This new edition has been significantly revised and updated to reflect advances in the field since the publication of the first edition, such as the systematic experimental testing of Preisach models of hysteresis. The author has, however, retained the two most salient features of the original, the emphasis on the universal nature of mathematical models of hysteresis and their applicability to the description of hysteresis phenomena in various areas of science, technology and economics and its accessibility to a broad audience of researchers, engineers, and students.

  • Experiments in Modern Physics

    • 2nd Edition
    • Adrian C. Melissinos + 1 more
    • English
    A revision of the leading text on experimental physics. The feature of this book that has made it one of the most loved texts on the subject is that it goes far beyond a mere description of key experiments in physics. The author successfully provides the reader with an understanding and appreciation of the 'physics' behind the experiments. The second edition will be an extensive revision introducing many new devices, including the use of computers and software programs, that have come into use since the publication of the first edition. In addition the important areas of condensed matter physics and optical physics will be added, including two entirely new chapters on lasers and optics.

  • Free Electron Lasers 2000

    • 1st Edition
    • V.N. Litvinenko + 1 more
    • English
    The 22nd International Free Electron Laser Conference and 7th FEL User Workshop were held August 13-18, 2000 at Washington Duke Inn and Golf Club in Durham, North Carolina, USA. The conference and the workshop were hosted by Duke University's Free Electron laser (FEL) Laboratory. Following tradition, the FEL prize award was announced at the banquet. The year 2000 FEL prize was awarded to three scientists propelling the limits of high power FELs: Steven Benson, Eisuke Minehara and George Neill.The conference program was comprised of traditional oral sessions on First Lasing, FEL theory, storage ring FELs, linac and high power FELs, long wavelength FELs, SASE FELs, accelerator and FEL physics and technology, and new developments and proposals. Two sessions on accelerator and FEL physics and technology reflected the emphasis on the high quality of accelerators and components for modern FELs. The breadth of the applications was presented in the workshop oral sessions on materials processing, biomedical and surgical applications, physics and chemistry as well as on instrumentation and methods for FEL applications. A special oral session was dedicated to FEL center status reports for users to learn more about the opportunities with FELs. As usual, the oral sessions were supplemented by poster sessions with in-depth discussions and communications. The FEL physicists and FEL users had excellent opportunities to interact throughout the duration of the event, culminating a Joint Sessions. The year 2000 was very successful being marked by lasing with two SASE and one storage ring short-wavelength FELs, and by the first human surgery with the use of FEL, to mention but a few. The International Program Committee and chairs of the sessions had the challenging and exciting problem of selecting invived and contributed talks for the conferences and the workshop from the influx of abstracts mentioning new results and ideas. The success of the conference was determined by these contributions. Scientists from 15 countries gave 70 talks, presented 176 posters and submitted 146 papers, which are published in the present volume of proceedings.

  • Three Dimensional Surface Topography

    • 1st Edition
    • Ken J Stout + 1 more
    • English
    This fully illustrated text explains the basic measurement techniques, describes the commercially available instruments and provides an overview of the current perception of 3-D topography analysis in the academic world and industry, and the commonly used 3-D parameters and plots for the characterizing and visualizing 3-D surface topography. It also includes new sections providing full treatment of surface characterization, filtering technology and engineered surfaces, as well as a fully updated bibliography.

  • Free Electron Lasers 1998

    • 1st Edition
    • G.R. Neil + 1 more
    • English
    The FEL field has grown enormously over the last years, which is reflected in the number of papers presented at the 1998 conference. A few specific areas in FEL are particularly active. Several groups are investigating self-amplified spontaneous emission (SASE) as a route to 0.1 nm FEL. Although the technical challenges are large, a growing portion of the community believes this is a feasible goal and have begun planning 4th generation light sources based on this technique. Already, demonstrations of SASE by many orders of magnitude in an unguided (by external means) optical mode have been achieved in the IR with extension into the UV soon to follow. Other groups are extending the applications of FELs by evolutionary changes in the capabilities of user facilities around the world. Many of these utilize other sources of radiation synchronously with tunable FEL beams. An emerging trend is th use of Thompson scattered photons from the electron beam. Because of the Doppler shift involved, the photons can be up-scattered into the X-ray (keV) or even gamma ray (MeV) regime forming a useful picosecond probe for analysis of materials or nuclear structure. Other groups continue to extend the range of FEL operation and a new record was set this year for short wavelength lasing (210nm) as well as production of the highest CW average power yet for a FEL (311 W).This exhaustive volume will provide the reader with an appreciation of the state of FEL technology and convey also the sense of excitement and interest that exists in the field. Despite the fact that it has been 22 years since the first demonstration of lasing in a FEL oscillator, the field continues to provide interesting areas for study and application.

  • Reference for Modern Instrumentation, Techniques, and Technology: Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices II

    Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices II
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 24
    • English
    While research on ultrasonics has been covered in earlier volumes of the Physical Acoustics series, Volumes 23 and 24 demonstrate the successful commercialization of devices and instruments arising from research in this area. These volumes will assist in the process of bringing research output into the marketplace to the benefit of customers.The chapters are liberally illustrated with pictures of actual commercial objects which have been or are in use. Included are Medical Ultrasonic Diagnostics, Nondestructive Testing (NDT), Acoustic Emission, Process Control, Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Devices, Frequency Control Devices, Research Instruments, Transducers, and Ultrasonic Microscopes. Also contained in the text are six essays covering technology transfer and commercialization.

  • Reference for Modern Instrumentation, Techniques, and Technology: Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices I

    Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices I
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 23
    • English
    While research on ultrasonics has been covered in earlier volumes of the Physical Acoustics series, Volumes 23 and 24 demonstrate the successful commercialization of devices and instruments arising from research in this area. These volumes will assist in the process of bringing research output into the marketplace to the benefit of customers.The chapters are liberally illustrated with pictures of actual commercial objects which have been or are in use. Included are Medical Ultrasonic Diagnostics, Nondestructive Testing (NDT), Acoustic Emission, Process Control, Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Devices, Frequency Control Devices, Research Instruments, Transducers, and Ultrasonic Microscopes. Also contained in the text are six essays covering technology transfer and commercialization.

  • Free Electron Lasers 1997

    • 1st Edition
    • J. Xie + 1 more
    • English
    This volume contains Part II of the proceedings of the conference on Free Electron Lasers, held in Beijing, August 1997. Part I appears in a special issue of Nuclear Instruments and Methods A.The last 20 years has seen different stages of FEL development. In these proceedings the reader will find descriptions of many new facilities, new experimental results, new applications, new theoretical developments and new simulation results. Attention is also focussed on the recent progress in experimental observations SASE. The contributions are from 150 scientists from 13 countries, ensuring broad, up-to-date research results from a dynamic field.

  • Acoustic Wave Sensors

    Theory, Design and Physico-Chemical Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • D. S. Ballantine Jr. + 6 more
    • English
    Written by an interdisciplinary group of experts from both industry and academia, Acoustic Wave Sensors provides an in-depth look at the current state of acoustic wave devices and the scope of their use in chemical, biochemical, and physical measurements, as well as in engineering applications. Because of the inherent interdisciplinary applications of these devices, this book will be useful for the chemist and biochemist interested in the use and development ofthese sensors for specific applications; the electrical engineer involved in the design and improvement of these devices; the chemical engineer and the biotechnologist interested in using these devices for process monitoring and control; and the sensor community at large.

  • Semiconductors for Room Temperature Nuclear Detector Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 43
    • English
    Since its inception in 1966, the series of numbered volumes known as Semiconductors and Semimetals has distinguished itself through the careful selection of well-known authors, editors, and contributors. The"Willardson and Beer"Series, as it is widely known, has succeeded in publishing numerous landmark volumes and chapters. Not only did many of these volumes make an impact at the time of their publication, but they continue to be well-cited years after their original release. Recently, Professor Eicke R. Weber of the University of California at Berkeley joined as a co-editor of the series. Professor Weber, a well-known expert in the field of semiconductor materials, will further contribute to continuing the series' tradition of publishing timely, highly relevant, and long-impacting volumes. Some of the recent volumes, such as Hydrogen in Semiconductors, Imperfections in III/V Materials, Epitaxial Microstructures, High-Speed Heterostructure Devices, Oxygen in Silicon, and others promise indeed that this tradition will be maintained and even expanded. Reflecting the truly interdisciplinary nature of the field that the series covers, the volumes in Semiconductors and Semimetals have been and will continue to be of great interest to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and device engineersin modern industry.

  • Solid State Magnetic Sensors

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 2
    • C.S. Roumenin
    • English
    I am profoundly convinced that notwithstanding the great progress made in solid-state magnetic sensors, they are as yet in their cloudless infancy, whereas there is still so much lying ahead in a world, unlimited in time and space ... Good Heavens! They are a whole Universe into themselves.So expounds the author in his preface to this second volume in the exciting new series, Handbook of Sensors and Actuators. The publication presents a balanced view of the overall progress made in the field, whilst summing up scientific achievements as the groundwork for further development.Readers will find, for the first time, collected in one book, detailed information regarding the physical mechanisms of the origin of magnetosensitivity, the geometry and design of devices, operating modes, basic parameters and methods for their determination, the incorporation of transducers in circuits and smart solutions, many varied applications and other problems relevant to all the current Hall sensors, magnetodiodes, magnetotransistors, carrier-domain magnetometers, SQUID's (Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices) and similar transducers of magnetic energy. Particular attention is devoted to semiconductor magnetosensitive sensors and their microelectronic versions since development rates in this area signify a dominant research trend for the future.Undoubtedly this book will become a vital reference tool for the ever widening circle of researchers and engineers interested in solid-state magnetosensors. It also makes a fundamental contribution to the handbook series as a whole.

  • Thick Film Sensors

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 1
    • Maria Prudenziati
    • English
    The vast expansion of the sensor and actuator field in recent years has necessitated the creation of a handbook series to clarify scientific developments. First in the new series, Handbook of Sensors and Actuators, which will examine a broad range of topics across the discipline, this volume explores thick-film technology. The area has already achieved a high rank in the families of advanced solid sensor technologies but there has been limited acknowledgement of its future potential. This publication aims to increase the involvement of internationally recognised sensor experts by suggesting possible directions for further investigation. In this pursuit, it disseminates the data identifying the actual performances and applications of thick-film sensors manufactured all over the world and presents ideas underlying current activities in the research and development of new devices. Three major areas are explored in which thick film technology contributes as a sensor technology, namely: hybrid circuits for signal processing (in combination with either thick-film sensing elements or transducing elements derived from other technologies), creation of architectural structures (eg. multilayer structures, integrated chips with chemical sensing elements, sensor arrays) and transducing elements derived from thick-film pastes. However, the unique properties and chances offered by thick-film technology for sensor manufacture might not be appreciated without emphasis on both scientific and technological features which are either common or distinguished from those of the major alternative technologies, namely silicon, thin films and ceramic. These are therefore also considered, enabling the volume to offer a balanced view of the state-of-the-art in this exciting field.

  • Metrology at the Frontiers of Physics and Technology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 110
    • L. Crovini + 1 more
    • English
    The spectroscopy of trapped ions or laser-cooled atoms offers the prospect of visible frequency standards to match or even exceed the accuracy of the caesium standard. The development of satellite methods for time comparisons has improved by more than an order of magnitude the accuracy with which national laboratories can routinely compare their clocks. Mechanical metrology has not been left behind. Driven by the need to improve manufacturing technology, major advances have taken place in computer control machining and mechanical measuring systems. These, and many other fascinating developments in the field of metrology are presented in this book.

  • The Chemical Laboratory

    It's Design and Operation
    • 1st Edition
    • Sigurd Rosenlund
    • English
    Offers assistance to those involved in planning new laboratories, or expanding existing facilities. Emphasis throughout is on finding economical solutions without sacrificing quality.

  • Pulse and Fourier Transform NMR

    Introduction to Theory and Methods
    • 1st Edition
    • Thomas C. Farrar + 1 more
    • English
    Pulse and Fourier Transform NMR: Introduction to Theory and Methods presents the different types of pulse experiments that are commonly used and provides the theoretical background necessary for understanding these techniques. This book evaluates the practical application of pulse methods and the necessary instrumentation. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the NMR fundamentals and the basic pulse methods. This text then summarizes the important features of pulse spectrometers. Other chapters consider the rationale, the advantages, and the limitations of Fourier transform NMR methods. This book discusses as well how the idea of the rotating frame can be utilized to understand certain experiments that extend the range of application of pulse methods. The final chapter deals with a few significant special uses of pulse techniques. This book is a valuable resource for chemists and readers who are familiar with high resolution NMR but with no background in pulse methods.

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