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Elsevier

Books in Physics

Physics titles offer comprehensive research and advancements across the fundamental and applied areas of physical science. From quantum mechanics and particle physics to astrophysics and materials science, these titles drive innovation and deepen understanding of the principles governing the universe. Essential for researchers, educators, and students, this collection supports scientific progress and practical applications across a diverse range of physics disciplines.

  • Physical Fluid Dynamics

    • 1st Edition
    • P McCormack
    • English
    Physical Fluid Dynamics is a textbook for students of physics that reflects the origins and the future development of fluid dynamics. This book forms a concise and logically developed course in contemporary Newtonian fluid dynamics, suitable for physics and engineering science students. The text is composed of chapters devoted to the discussion of the physical properties of fluids, vortex dynamics, slow viscous flow, and particulate fluid dynamics. An adequate course in the dynamics of real (viscous) fluids, kinematics, equations of motion, boundary-layer theory, and compressible flow is also given. The textbook is intended for junior or senior undergraduate level students of physics and engineering.

  • Angular Momentum Theory for Diatomic Molecules

    • 1st Edition
    • Brain Judd
    • English
    Angular Momentum Theory for Diatomic Molecules focuses on the application of angular momentum theory in describing the complex dynamical processes in molecules. The manuscript first offers information on tensor algebra and rotation group. Discussions focus on commutation relations, spherical and double tensors, rotations, coupling, reduced matrix elements, quaternions, combination theorem for Gegenbauer polynomials, and combination theorems for spherical harmonics. The book then takes a look at R(4) in physical systems and hydrogen molecular ion, including rigid rotator, reversed angular momentum, reduced matrix elements, spheroidal coordinates, and hydrogen atom in spheroidal coordinates. The publication examines expansions and free diatomic molecules. Topics include angular momentum, molecular frame, primitive energy spectrum, rotating oscillator and hydrogen atom, expressions for electric potentials, delta functions, and Neumann expansion. The manuscript also considers external fields and perturbations. The text is a dependable reference for readers interested in the application of angular momentum theory in identifying the dynamical processes going on in molecules.

  • Spontaneous Phenomena

    A Mathematical Analysis
    • 1st Edition
    • English
    Spontaneous Phenomena: A Mathematical Analysis covers certain aspects in the teaching of mathematics, including historical perspective, model-building, and the inner nature of mathematics. This book is organized into 12 chapters beginning with the development of the relevant mathematics and physics. This topic is followed by considerable chapters on the theoretical and statistical principles of mathematical analysis, with an emphasis on a model for a radioactive decay. Other chapters discuss various phenomena within biology, medicine, statistics of medicine, determination of age, traffic analysis, and other fields. The concluding chapters present the fundamentals of the Poisson approximation to the binomial distribution and the chi-square test for goodness of fit. This book is an ideal source for mathematics and physics pre-college and early college students.

  • Hadrons and Their Interactions

    Current and Field Algebra, Soft Pions, Supermultiplets, and Related Topics
    • 1st Edition
    • A Zichichi
    • English
    Hadrons and Their Interactions: Current and Field Algebra, Soft Pions, Supermultiplets, and Related Topics focuses on formulas, principles, and interactions involved in the study of physics. The compilation contains the papers presented at the ""Ettore Majorana,"" held in Erice on July 1-14, 1967. Divided into three parts with 22 chapters, the compilation focuses first on lectures on soft pions; the method of phenomenological lagrangians and algebra of fields; and radiative corrections to beta decay and the structure of hadrons. The second part focuses on seminars. The areas covered include a review of coherent production in strong interactions; spontaneous breakdown and the weak interaction angle; and the symmetries of the S-matrix. The concluding part also focuses on lectures, including lectures on the present status of the fundamental interactions; a pedagogical exercise in binning and resolution; and the pomeranchuk affair and twisting trajectories. The compilation is a valuable source of data for readers and physicists wanting to explore the interactions of hadrons.

  • Surfaces and Interfaces: Physics and Electronics

    • 1st Edition
    • R.S. Bauer
    • English
    Surfaces and Interfaces: Physics and Electronics covers the proceedings of the second Trieste ICTP-IUPAP Semiconductor Symposium, conducted at the International Center for Theoretical Physics in Trieste, Italy on August 30 to September 3, 1982. The book focuses on the processes, methodologies, reactions, and approaches involved in semiconductor physics. The selection first elaborates on the electronic properties and surface geometry of GaAs and ZnO surfaces; electronic structure of Si (III) surfaces; and photoemission studies of surface states on Si (III) 2X1. Discussions focus on consistency of different experiments, relating experiments to a theoretical model, quenching of surface states by hydrogen, inverse photoemission results, and basic data and models of the low-index ZnO surfaces. The text then examines Si (III) 2X1 studies by angle resolved photoemission; electronic surface states at steps in Si (III) 2X1; and a novel method for the study of optical properties of surfaces. The manuscript takes a look at spot profile analysis (LEED) of defects at silicon surfaces; chemisorption-induce... defects at interfaces on compound semiconductors; and surface defects on semiconductors. The microscopic properties and behavior of silicide interfaces, recombination at semiconductor surfaces and interfaces, and dipoles, defects, and interfaces are also discussed. The selection is a highly recommended source of data for physicists and readers wanting to study semiconductor physics.

  • Nonlinear Surface Electromagnetic Phenomena

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 29
    • H.-E. Ponath + 1 more
    • English
    In recent years the physics of electromagnetic surface phenomena has developed rapidly, evolving into technologies for communications and industry, such as fiber and integrated optics. The variety of phenomena based on electromagnetism at surfaces is rich and this book was written with the aim of summarizing the available knowledge in selected areas of the field.The book contains reviews written by solid state and optical physicists on the nonlinear interaction of electromagnetic waves at and with surfaces and films. Both the physical phenomena and some potential applications are dealt with. Included are discussions of nonlinear wave mixing on films and surfaces, second harmonic generation in waveguides and at surfaces, nonlinear waves guided by dielectric and semiconductor surfaces and films, surface gratings formed by high energy laser beams, and reflection and transmission switching of strong beams onto nonlinear surfaces. Chapters on light scattering from surface excitations and magnetic order-disorder and orientational phase transitions complete this essential contribution to the modern optics literature.

  • Direct nuclear Reactions

    • 1st Edition
    • Norman Glendenning
    • English
    Direct Nuclear Reactions deals with the theory of direct nuclear reactions, their microscopic aspects, and their effect on the motions of the individual nucleons. The principal results of the theory are described, with emphasis on the approximations involved to understand how well the theory can be expected to hold under specific experimental conditions. Applications to the analysis of experiments are also considered. This book consists of 19 chapters and begins by explaining the difference between direct and compound nuclear reactions. The reader is then introduced to the theory of plane waves, some results of scattering theory, and the phenomenological optical potential. The following chapters focus on form factors and their nuclear structure content; the basis of the optical potential as an effective interaction; reactions such as inelastic single- and two-nucleon transfer reactions; the effect of nuclear correlations; and the role of multiple-step reactions. The theory of inelastic scattering and the relationship between the effective and free interactions are also discussed, along with reactions between heavy ions and the polarizability of nuclear wave functions during a heavy-ion reaction. This monograph will be of interest to nuclear physicists.

  • Liquid Semiconductors

    • 1st Edition
    • Melvin Cutler
    • English
    Liquid Semiconductors explores the status of the subject area's field for the purpose of being a reference to future studies and investigations. Although the main area of interest here is the electronic behavior of liquid semiconductors, the book still includes basic concepts and information, thus serving as a complete source of information in the subject area. The book is organized according to the state of development of the field. After an introductory chapter, the contents of the book are divided under three major sections. The first section (Chapters 2-4) focuses on a systematic review of experimental information and attempts to answer some of the basic questions about the field. The next section (Chapters 5-6) explores the experimental behavior, specifically the theoretical basis in its interpretation. The final section (Chapters 7-8) examines existing information regarding liquid semiconductors in terms of existing theories and concepts in order to come up with specific conclusions. This book caters to both students and scholars in the field of physics or chemistry (specifically condensed matter). Readers with a general interest in the subject area can also use the book as reference.

  • Neutron Cross Sections

    Neutron Resonance Parameters and Thermal Cross Sections, Part A: Z=1-60
    • 1st Edition
    • S Mughabghab
    • English
    Neutron Cross Sections, Volume 1: Neutron Resonance Parameters and Thermal Cross Sections, Part A represents the fourth edition of what was previously known as BNL-325, Neutron Cross Sections, Volume 1. This three-chapter book provides the extensive list of detailed individual resonance parameters for each isotope. The first chapter deals with the thermal cross sections and average resonance parameters, as well as the physics of thermal and resonance neutrons, with particular emphasis on evaluation methods. This chapter also includes tables of standards of capture cross sections and scattering lengths, and commonly used nuclear physics formulas. The second chapter covers the direct or valence capture and the Brink-Axel treatment of electric dipole radiation. These topics are followed by a discussion on spin-dependent scattering lengths that are of interest to solid state. The third chapter describes the Maxwellian 30-keV capture cross sections that are of importance to studies of nucleosynthesis and age of the universe. This chapter also examines the s- and p-wave average radiative widths and gamma-ray strength functions that are required in capture cross section measurements. This book will appeal to nuclear and astrophysicists.

  • Ion Beam Processing of Materials and Deposition Processes of Protective Coatings

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 53
    • P.L.F. Hemment + 9 more
    • English
    Containing the proceedings of three symposia in the E-MRS series this book is divided into two parts. Part one is concerned with ion beam processing, a particularly powerful and versatile technology which can be used both to synthesise and modify materials, including metals, semiconductors, ceramics and dielectrics, with great precision and excellent control. Furthermore it also deals with the correlated effects in atomic and cluster ion bombardment and implantation.Part two deals with the deposition techniques, characterization and applications of advanced ceramic, metallic and polymeric coatings or thin films for surface protection against corrosion, erosion, abrasion, diffusion and for lubrication of contracting surfaces in relative motion.

  • Magnetism V5

    • 1st Edition
    • Harry Suhl
    • English
    Magnetism, Volume V: Magnetic Properties of Metallic Alloys deals with the magnetic properties of metallic alloys and covers topics ranging from conditions favoring the localization of effective moments to the s-d model and the Kondo effect, along with perturbative, scattering, and Green's function theories of the s-d model. Asymptotically exact methods used in addressing the Kondo problem are also described. Comprised of 12 chapters, this volume begins with a review of experimental results and phenomenology concerning the formation of local magnetic moments in metals, followed by a Hartree-Fock description of local states. The intensive activity that followed Kondo's discovery of a serious divergence in the perturbative calculation of certain physical properties of magnetic alloys is described in detail. The parallel problems encountered when the matrix is superconducting are discussed from a theoretical viewpoint. The remaining chapters examine the coexistence of superconductivity and magnetism; magnetic hyperfine-interactio... studies of the s-d model and the Kondo effect; functional integral methods for the problem of magnetic impurities; and magnetic moment effects in superconductors. This book will be of interest to students and practitioners in solid state physics.

  • Amplitude Distribution Spectrometers V3

    • 1st Edition
    • Waldemar Scharf
    • English
    Fundamental Studies in Engineering 3: Amplitude Distribution Spectrometers reviews amplitude or pulse-height distribution analyzers, both single- and multichannel types, and spectrometers, along with their construction and operation. It discusses the basic parameters of electrical impulses, the general parameters of amplitude distribution spectrometers, the conventional methods of analyzing amplitude distribution by means of single-channel spectrometers, analysis of amplitude spectra using computer methods, and methods and devices for multiparameter amplitude analysis. Comprised of eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of physical phenomena that can be represented in the form of electrical impulses arising in transducers of physical quantities. It then discusses the use of pulse-height spectrometers to determine the height distributions of electrical impulses, trends in the development of pulse-height spectrometers, conventional pulse-height analysis, and multispectral scaling. The reader is methodically introduced to the analysis of Gaussian distributions, Fourier-transform analysis, and measuring units used in preliminary signal processing. Other chapters focus on spectrogram recording methods, methods of spectrum averaging, computer methods of spectral analysis, and methods of recording multi-parameter spectrograms. The book concludes with a review of the use of pulse-height spectrometers in a wide range of fields such as medicine, biology, astronomy, nuclear research, space research, and physico-chemical research. Users of amplitude spectrometers in various fields of science and technology will find this book extremely useful.

  • Bonds and Bands in Semiconductors

    • 1st Edition
    • J Phillips
    • English
    Bonds and Bands in Semiconductors deals with bonds and bands in semiconductors and covers a wide range of topics, from crystal structures and covalent and ionic bonds to elastic and piezoelectric constants. Lattice vibrations, energy bands, and the thermochemistry of semiconductors are also discussed, along with impurities and fundamental optical spectra. Comprised of 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the crystal structures of the more common and more useful semiconductors, together with bonding definitions and rules; bond energy gaps and band energy gaps; tetrahedral coordination; and bond lengths and radii. The discussion then turns to the effects of covalent and ionic bonds on crystal structures and cohesive energies of semiconductors, paying particular attention to the electronic configurations of atoms, ionicity, and homopolar energy gaps. Subsequent chapters introduce the reader to elastic and piezoelectric constants as well as lattice vibrations, energy bands, impurities, and fundamental optical spectra. The book also examines the thermochemistry of semiconductors before concluding with a concise qualitative description of barriers, junctions, and devices, with emphasis on the physical and chemical principles behind their operation. This monograph will be of interest to physicists, chemists, and materials scientists.

  • Physical and Applied Acoustics

    An Introduction
    • 1st Edition
    • Erwin Meyer
    • English
    Physical and Applied Acoustics: An Introduction explores the mechanical-acoustica... or acoustical-electrica... analogies that are based on common theoretical relationships. This book is composed of 11 chapters that discuss the theory, experiment, and technological applications of physical and applied acoustics. The introductory chapters deal with the sound wave propagation in liquids and gases, as well as the statistical theory of room acoustics. These topics are followed by discussions on sound absorption in different medium; the concept of sound radiation pressure; directional characteristics of sound sources; measurement and calibration of acoustics; and the fundamental physical and psychological facts of acoustics. The subsequent chapters cover the use of electroacoustics for the transmission of speech and music. A chapter examines the production and detection of extremely high-frequency sound, called quantum acoustics. The concluding chapter highlights the interaction phenomena between sound and flow in a medium.

  • Optical Nonlinearities and Instabilities in Semiconductors

    • 1st Edition
    • Hartmut Haug
    • English
    Optical Nonlinearities and Instabilities in Semiconductors deals with various aspects of nonlinear optical phenomena and related optical instabilities in semiconductors. Measurements and explanations of the optical nonlinearities of various semiconductor materials and structures are presented, along with optical bistability and diode laser thresholds; self-oscillations; and chaos. This text consists of 17 chapters and begins with an introductory chapter to the historical background of investigations of the resonance-enhanced nonlinear optical properties of semiconductors and their manifestations in optical instabilities. The discussion then turns to the experimentally observed optical nonlinearities in homogeneous semiconductors and the microscopic theory of the optical band edge nonlinearities. This book considers the studies of the spectral region close to the band gap meant to exploit the resonance enhancement of the nonlinear optical behavior. The remaining chapters focus on nonlinear optical properties of semiconductor quantum wells; dense nonequilibrium excitations in gallium arsenide; optical decay and spatial relaxation; and optical bistability in semiconductor laser amplifiers. A chapter that describes instabilities in semiconductor lasers concludes the book. This book is intended for research students and active research workers who are interested in the basic physics or in the device applications of optical nonlinearities and instabilities in semiconductors.

  • Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Our Environment

    • 1st Edition
    • S Eskinazi
    • English
    Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Our Environment provides an introduction to the mechanical and thermodynamic properties of the environment. The book begins with a discussion of the nature of the physical environment, namely the earth, the atmosphere, and the oceans. It then reviews the origin, definitions, and physical characteristics and relations of concepts affecting the state of the geofluid system. Separate chapters cover the principles of heat transfer; factors affecting the mechanical and thermal equilibrium of the environment; the phenomenon of surface tension; kinematics and dynamics of the environment; inviscid motion of the atmospheric and oceanic free layers; and the physical and mathematical behavior of the planetary boundary layer. The final chapter discusses some applied problems pertaining to the environment. These include problems involving the thermal plume, hurricanes, and the dynamic response of a balloon in a vortical atmospheric column. This book was developed for engineering classes interested in the motion of the environment which is a main carrier of pollutants. The selection of topics and the emphasis make the material primarily suited for engineering work.

  • Atmospheric Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Julian Heicklen
    • English
    Atmospheric Chemistry is a comprehensive treatment of atmospheric chemistry and covers topics ranging from the structure of the atmosphere to the chemistry of the upper atmosphere and the ionosphere. Atmospheric pollutants, hydrocarbon oxidation, and photochemical smog are also discussed, along with the reactions of O8 and singlet O2, the chemistry of SO2 and aerosols, and methods for controlling atmospheric pollution. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with an overview of the composition and chemistry of the atmosphere as well as its physical characteristics and the chemistry of meteors. The next two chapters deal with the chemistry of the upper atmosphere and the ionosphere, with emphasis on neutral oxygen atmosphere, carbon-hydrogen-oxyg... cycle, and the D region. The chemistry of atmospheric pollutants is also examined, along with hydrocarbon oxidation and photochemical smog. The remaining chapters focus on the reactions of O8 and singlet O2, the chemistry of SO2 and aerosols, and methods for controlling atmospheric pollution. This monograph should be useful to graduate students and scientists who wish to study atmospheric chemistry.

  • Geophysics

    • 1st Edition
    • Bruce Bolt
    • English
    Methods in Computational Physics, Volume 13: Geophysics is a 10-chapter text that focuses with the theoretical solid-earth geophysics. This volume specifically covers the general topics of terrestrial magnetism and electricity, the Earth's gravity field, tidal deformations, dynamics of global spin, spin processing, and convective models for the deep interior. This volume surveys first the construction of mathematical models, such as the representation of the geomagnetic field by assuming arrangements of multipole sources in the core and the fast computer evaluation of two- and three-dimensional gravity models, which revolutionized their use in mineral prospecting and in studies of the crust. These topics are followed by a presentation of geophysical modeling and the uncertainties involved in quantitative convection studies of mantle flow. Other chapters explore the construction of numerical geophysical models related intimately to the inverse problem whereby maximum likelihood estimates of the required parameters must be determined along with calculation of confidence limits, including density, conductivity, and viscosity. The remaining chapters are devoted to the importance of harmonic analysis in geophysics, particularly spherical harmonic analysis, which has seen many refinements and applications. Physicists, geoscientists, and mathematicians will find this book invaluable.

  • Atomic Inner-Shell Processes

    • 1st Edition
    • Bernd Crasemann
    • English
    Ionization and Transition Probabilities is the first volume in Atomic Inner Shell Processes which describes the relative status of the physics of atomic inner shells. Both volumes can be applied and used in various traditional scientific disciplines. Volume I consists of 11 chapters written by different authors, each an expert in the field. The book discusses mainly the inner-shell excitation by electrons, heavy-charged particles, and photons and the atomic excitation as seen in nuclear decay. The theory of radiative and radiationless transitions is also explored in terms of single-particle descriptions and many-body approaches. Other major concepts covered in this comprehensive volume include the developments in theory of multiple decay processes; transition energies and their calculations; and energy shifts that are results of chemical environment and hyperfine interactions. This first volume serves as a valuable reference to many scientists and researchers in various fields like atomic and nuclear physics, astrophysics, chemistry, surface and materials science, and engineering or radiation shields.

  • University Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • George Arfken
    • English
    University Physics provides an authoritative treatment of physics. This book discusses the linear motion with constant acceleration; addition and subtraction of vectors; uniform circular motion and simple harmonic motion; and electrostatic energy of a charged capacitor. The behavior of materials in a non-uniform magnetic field; application of Kirchhoff's junction rule; Lorentz transformations; and Bernoulli's equation are also deliberated. This text likewise covers the speed of electromagnetic waves; origins of quantum physics; neutron activation analysis; and interference of light. This publication is beneficial to physics, engineering, and mathematics students intending to acquire a general knowledge of physical laws and conservation principles.

  • Spectrometric Techniques

    • 1st Edition
    • George Vanasse
    • English
    Spectrometric Techniques, Volume 1 aims to show in detail the different techniques and advancements developed in the field of spectrometry. The book covers topics such as Fourier spectrometry and field-widened interferometers; the applications of Fourier transform spectrometry; transmission studies on the different phases of matter; asymmetric interferometry; and the measurement of complex indices of refraction. Also included in the book are the areas of cryogenic instrumentation; Hadamard-Transform spectrometry and its related theory; measurement of infrared transient phenomena; and calibration techniques. The text is applicable for both novices and practitioners in the field of spectrometry, as it can serve as a guide and handbook for the former and reference for the latter.

  • Doppler Radar and Weather Observations

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard J. Doviak
    • English
    Doppler Radar and Weather Observations deals with the use of Doppler radar to make observations of a variety of weather phenomena such as tornado vortices, hurricanes, and lightning channels. Topics covered include electromagnetic waves and propagation; weather echo signals; Doppler spectra of weather echoes; and meteorological radar signal processing. Rain and turbulence measurements are also considered, along with observations of winds, storms, and related phenomena. Comprised of 11 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to weather radar principles and how the radar parameters and signal characteristics relate to the target's meteorological properties. The effect of the atmosphere on the path of the signal is then examined, together with techniques used in extracting a target's properties from its echoes. The radar signal path from the transmitter, through the antenna, along the beam to the target, and on its return to the receiver is also discussed. Subsequent chapters explore the discrete Fourier transform and its application to weather echo signals; the weather Doppler spectrum and the signal processing methods used to derive its principal moments; range and Doppler velocity ambiguities as they pertain to distributed targets; and the limitations imposed by antenna sidelobes, ground clutter, signal decorrelation, and power. A comprehensive treatment of pulse compression and the Doppler processing of frequency modulated signals is given. This monograph should be of value to oceanographers, meteorologists, atmospheric scientists, and radar engineers, as well as students and researchers interested in Doppler radar principles.

  • Electronic Phase Transitions

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 32
    • Yu.V. Kopaev + 1 more
    • English
    Electronic Phase Transitions deals with topics, which are presently at the forefront of scientific research in modern solid-state theory. Anderson localization, which has fundamental implications in many areas of solid-state physics as well as spin glasses, with its influence on quite different research activities such as neural networks, are two examples that are reviewed in this book. The ab initio statistical mechanics of structural phase transitions is another prime example, where the interplay and connection of two unrelated disciplines of solid-state theory - first principle electronic structure calculations and critical phenomena - has given rise to impressive new insights. Clearly, there is more and more need for accurate, stable numerical simulations of models of interacting electrons, presently discussed with great vigor in connection with high-Tc superconductors where the superconducting transition is close to a magnetic transition, i.e. an antiferromagnetic spin structure. These topics and others are discussed and reviewed by leading experts in the field.

  • Clouds Their Formation, Optical Properties, And Effects

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Hobbs
    • English
    Clouds: Their Formation, Optical Properties, and Effects deals with the formation of clouds as well as the theoretical and experimental aspects of their microphysical and optical properties. Discussions are grouped under the headings of structure of clouds, interaction of passive radiation with clouds, and interaction of active radiation with clouds. This book is organized into three sections and has 11 chapters. After analyzing the spatial and temporal scales involved in the formation and organization of clouds and precipitation, this text examines the microphysical measurement techniques used in probing the microstructure of clouds. The reader is then methodically introduced to the microstructure of atmospheric clouds and precipitation; the formation and structure of fog; and basic shortwave characteristics of “ideal” clouds. The temporal behavior of clouds and their interaction with the radiation field are considered, along with the possible effects of cloud models in general circulation studies. The remaining chapters explore the light scattering properties of ice crystals and the radiative characteristics of ice clouds; the laser measurements in clouds; the transmission and reflectivity of ice clouds by active probing; and the theory of multiple scattering of laser beams in clouds. The book concludes by presenting the measurements of the temporal and spatial spreading of a blue-green pulse through clouds and fogs as a function of optical thickness and receiver field-of-view. This text will be helpful to advanced researchers and program managers in terms of reviewing the state of the art and identifying those areas requiring further research efforts.

  • Handbook on Plasma Instabilities

    • 1st Edition
    • Ferdinand Cap
    • English
    Handbook on Plasma Instabilities, Volume 1 serves as an introduction to the field of plasma physics and plasma instabilities. Topics covered include basic plasma physics, statistical plasma theory, and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), as well as the many-species theory and plasma containment. The motion of individual particles, oscillations and waves, and MHD instabilities of a real and an ideal plasma are also discussed. This volume is comprised of 13 chapters and begins with a survey of the various applications of plasma sciences and an overview of the fundamental concepts of plasma physics. Basic plasma physics, the physics of instabilities, orbit theory, kinetic theory, MHD, and the many-fluid theory are then presented. The following chapters focus on the principles of plasma containment and waves in plasmas, together with the basic features of plasma instabilities and their classification. The classical MHD stability theory of an ideal and of a real plasma is also described. The final chapter is devoted to drift waves and drift instabilities in inhomogeneous plasmas, paying particular attention to the theory of gradient instabilities and the microscopic theory of waves in non-homogeneous collisionless plasmas. This handbook is intended for beginners in plasma physics and plasma instabilities and for physicists and engineers working actively in the field.

  • Few Particle Problems

    in the Nuclear Interaction
    • 1st Edition
    • Ivo Slaus
    • English
    Few Particle Problems in the Nuclear Interaction emerged from the International Conference on Few Particle Problems in the Nuclear Interaction held in Los Angeles, from August 28-September 1, 1972. The aim of the conference was to discuss recent developments in low and medium energy few-particle problems. This included the fields of the nuclear three-body problem; nuclear forces (in particular, three-body forces); symmetries; and the interaction of mesons, leptons, and photons with few-nucleon systems. Special sessions were also devoted to the application of the results and techniques of the few-particle research to the problems of other fields, in particular nuclear structure and astrophysics. The conference was organized into nine plenary sessions and 13 parallel sessions. This volume contains 184 papers presented during the nine sessions on the following topics: the nucleon-nucleon interaction; three-body forces; hypernuclear systems; symmetries; three-body problems; multiparticle reactions; proposed studies of few-nucleon systems with meson factories; few-nucleon systems and leptons, mesons, and photons; and applications.

  • Inflation and Quantum Cosmology

    • 1st Edition
    • A.D. Linde
    • English
    Inflation and Quantum Cosmology discusses the inflationary universe scenario, including the problems of the standard big bang theory and the interplay between elementary-particle theory and cosmology. Inflationary universe models generate many different final perturbation spectra. For example, a model of an inflationary universe, through a casual mechanism, can predict energy density fluctuations leading to the formation of galaxies. The inflationary universe scenario makes possible simultaneous solutions to ten problems related to cosmology and elementary particle physics. One problem concerns the origin of density perturbations that show a picture of the large-scale structure of the universe. Some unexplored possibilities are related to isothermal perturbations generated during inflation or to adiabatic perturbations with a non-flat spectrum. An inflationary universe cosmology also includes stochastic inflation that describes the universe on very large scales—from fragmented mini-universes to another inflationary cosmos. The book also discusses the problem relating to the initial conditions from which an inflationary universe starts. This book is suitable for astronomers, astrophysicists, and professors of cosmology and cosmogenesis.

  • Unidirectional Wave Motions

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 23
    • H. Levine
    • English
    Unidirectional Wave Motions provides a comprehensive discussion of the formulations and their consequent elaborations which have found demonstrable value in wave analysis. The deliberate focus on unidirectional waves permits a relatively simple mathematical development, without leaving significant gaps in methodology and capability. The book is organized into three parts. The first part deals with the particulars of individual wave equations; the geometry or kinematics of wave forms; and general matters bearing on the transport of energy and momentum as well as dispersion or frequency sensitivity. The second part focuses on aspects of wave generation by localized and extended sources. The third part examines the effects of interaction between specified primary waves and medium irregularities (e.g., obstacles, inclusions, or local variations in the material parameters). Information about these irregularities or scatterers, ranging from microscopic to terrestrial scales, may be gleaned through the attendant phenomena of reflection, refraction, and diffraction, which are fundamental to wave theory.

  • Atomic Collisions and Spectra

    • 1st Edition
    • U Fano
    • English
    Atomic Collisions and Spectra provides an overview of the state of knowledge on atomic collision physics. The book grew out of lecture notes for a succession of courses at the University of Chicago in 1967-1979, which reported the new material as it was taking a definite form. It has been enriched since 1980, as the subject matured and continued to expand. The book is organized into four parts. Part A deals briefly with rather elementary items of general information. Part B then takes up in considerable detail those aspects of single-electron scattering whose mastery is essential for treating multielectron processes. Part C deals with multielectron processes with a residual—if often realistic—restrictio... namely, that the multielectron interactions remain confined within a core region from which only a single electron escapes into alternative channels of a long-range field. Part D surveys studies of double (or multiple) escape of electrons from a core. The book is intended for multiple use as a graduate school text, a tool for independent study, or a reference for particular topics.

  • Absolute Radiometry

    Electrically Calibrated Thermal Detectors of Optical Radiation
    • 1st Edition
    • F Hengstberger
    • English
    Absolute Radiometry: Electrically Calibrated Thermal Detectors of Optical Radiation considers the application of absolute radiometry, a technique employed in optical radiation metrology for the absolute measurement of radiant power. This book is composed of eight chapters and begins with the principles of the absolute measurement of radiant power. The subsequent chapters provide the criteria associated with reflectance and transmittance of optical radiation and the parameters used to characterize the performance of radiation detectors. A chapter presents an analysis of the temperature distribution in a detector element. This topic is followed by discussions of the environmental and instrumental corrections in absolute radiometry. The final chapters deal with the alternative optical power scales and direct current substitution methods used in other fields of metrology.

  • Physics in the Modern World

    Student's Guide
    • 1st Edition
    • Jerry Marion
    • English
    Physics in the Modern World: Student's Guide provides information pertinent to the fundamental concepts in physics. This book discusses several topics in physics, including atoms, molecules, compounds, elements, as well as the fundamental units of measure in science. Comprised of 21 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the standard units of measure for length, time, mass, energy, force, pressure, and density. This text then provides the meaning of various terms in physics, including atom, molecule, element, and compound. Other chapters explore the composition and behavior of all ordinary matter in which it depends on the four basic units, including electrons, protons, neutrons, and photons. This book discusses as well the method used for converting the units of physical quantities from one system of measurement to another. The final chapter deals with the various applications of radiation in biological investigations and in medical diagnostics and therapeutics. This book is intended for students enrolled in introductory physics courses.

  • Applications of Mossbauer Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard L. Cohen
    • English
    Applications of Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Volume I is a collection of essays that discusses the research performed using Mössbauer spectroscopy. The book presents the effect of some stabilizers of polyethylene. It demonstrates the polymerization processes and structure of catalytically active centers. The text also describes the chemical processes in butyl rubber vulcanization. It discusses the experimental studies of iron transport proteins and the thermal decomposition of solids. The section that follows describes the paramagnetic hyperfine structure. The book will provide valuable insights for scientists, chemists, students, and researchers in the field of organic chemistry.

  • Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra

    Applications to Chemical Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • John R. Ferraro + 1 more
    • English
    The final and largest volume to complete this four-volume treatise is published in response to the intense commercial and research interest in Fourier Transform Interferometry.Prese... current information from leading experts in the field, Volume 4 introduces new information on, for example, applications of Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy in the Far-Infrared Region. The editors place emphasis on surface studies and address advances in Capillary Gas Chromatography - Fourier Transform Interferometry.Volum... 4 especially benefits spectroscopists and physicists, as well as researchers in physical, analytical, and surface chemistry.FROM THE PREFACE: Several reasons can be cited for the need to publish Volume 4 in this treatise.First, interest in Fourier transform interferometry (FT-IR) has continued. The number of commercial manufacturers of FT-IR instrumentation has increased, reflecting the increase in demand for such instrumentation. The main thrust in FT-IR instrumentation has focused on applications, and many techniques using FT-IR instrumentation have been generated in order to solve problems heretofore unsolvable. The interest in surfaces relative to catalysts, polymers, and electrical conductors has escalated. Three chapters in Volume 4 are devoted to surfaces. Second, the great acceptance of Volumes 1 through 3 and the demand to continue the treatise have induced us to publish Volume 4.The present volume contains nine chapters, making it the largest of the four volumes. Chapter 1 deals with infrared data processing techniques. Chapter 2 concerns itself with circular dichroism*b1FT-IR. Chapter 3 presents an update on GC*b1FT-IR, a rapidly moving field. Chapter 4 deals with the combination of FT-IR and thermal analysis. Advances in coal analyses using FT-IR are presented in Chapter 5. Reflectance studies are highlighted in Chapters 6, 7, and 8. Chapter 6 deals with structural characterizations made with Langmuir*b1Blodgett monolayers. Also in Chapter 6, the extension of DRIFT into the far-infrared region is shown to be feasible and valuable. Reflection*b1absorpt... surface studies (FT-IRRAS) are discussed in Chapter 8. Chapter 9 updates us on photoacoustic spectroscopy*b1FT-IR... of the contributions are made by working experts in these areas. It is the hope that Volume 4 continues in the spirit of the purpose of these volumes, namely, to keep the scientific communities abreast of new developments in FT-IR as applied to chemical systems.

  • Elementary Particles

    Science, Technology, and Society
    • 1st Edition
    • Luke Yuan
    • English
    Elementary Particles: Science, Technology, and Society is a comprehensive review of some important developments in science and technology in relation to the study of particle physics. The book covers topics such as particle physics - its theory and experimentation, apparatuses, arguments, and speculations; elementary particle interactions in astrophysics; and the interaction of particle research with chemistry. Topics also include the application of accelerated particles in biological research; possible uses of ionizing radiations in radiotherapy; and interactions between elementary particle research and engineering. The text is recommended for particle physicists who would like to know more about the applications of their expertise in the fields of astrophysics, chemistry, biology, medicine, and engineering.

  • Synapse, Neuron, Brain

    • 1st Edition
    • A.C. Damask
    • English
    Synapse, Neuron, Brain, the third and last volume in the series Medical Physics, focuses on neurons and their interactions. Comprised of seven chapters regarding the brain's synapses and nerves, this volume concludes through the presentation of medical physics and its applications. An introductory chapter of this volume provides the necessary basic concepts and theories needed in the understanding of the book. This is followed by a discussion on the brain and its interconnections with the spinal cord. Chapter 3 focuses on the importance of evoked potentials as a diagnostic tool for the sensory organ and the neural processing of the stimuli. Chemical and electrical properties of synapses are also given emphasis. Other topics covered in this volume include the rall theory and neuronal integration; membrane noise at synaptic junctions; and new techniques on brain studies (autoradiography, positron annihilation, and nuclear magnetic resonance). As with the other volumes, this also caters to persons in various disciplines such as medicine, physiology, physics, and biology.

  • Comminution 1994

    • 1st Edition
    • K.S.E. Forssberg + 1 more
    • English
    This publication is the result of the 8th European Conference on Comminution. Containing many significant contributions concerning the topic of Comminution, the book gives the reader a vital insight into the subject.

  • Methods in Nonlinear Plasma Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Ronald Davidson
    • English
    Methods in Nonlinear Plasma Theory is from lectures given in graduate classes in both University of Maryland and University of California at Berkeley. To be able to understand fully the contents in this book, the reader is assumed to be a graduate student with background of classical physics and linear plasma waves and instabilities. This text is divided into two major parts. Part I deals with the coherent nonlinear phenomena, while Part II discusses the turbulent nonlinear phenomena. Six chapters comprise Part I, where basic equations and methods are described and discussed. Some of these methods are Vlasov-Maxwell equations and Korteweg-de Vries equation. Part II meanwhile has eight chapters that discuss frameworks and theories for weak plasma turbulence. Specifically, the weak turbulence theory is presented as it is applied to electromagnetic wave-particle interactions, nonlinear wave-wave interactions, and nonlinear wave-particle interactions. This book is a useful reference for students and researchers in the study of classical physics and plasma theory.

  • High Field Magnetism

    • 1st Edition
    • M. Date
    • English
    High Field Magnetism presents the proceedings of the International Symposium on High Field Magnetism held at the Osaka University and Hotel Plaza in Osaka on September 13-14, 1982 as a satellite symposium of the International Conference on Magnetism-1982-Kyoto... The symposium tackled a wide variety of high field generation methods and material systems, with magnetism orientation as the main objective. A special Technical Exposition was held in the poster session where representatives from MIT, Grenoble, and other high field facilities were invited to give a descriptive review of each laboratory. This book is divided into eight parts, beginning with an introductory chapter into the subject of high field magnetism. The succeeding parts focus on magnetic interactions and phase transitions in high magnetic fields; metals and alloys in high magnetic fields; high field superconductivity; spin and charge fluctuations in high magnetic fields; high field magneto-optics; high field magnetic resonance; and high magnetic field facilities and techniques. This book will be of interest to practitioners in the fields of cryogenic engineering and applied physics.

  • High Energy Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • E Burhop
    • English
    High Energy Physics, Volume V is a collection of papers that discusses photo- and electro-production processes, Reggae phenomenology, and quantum electrodynamics. The book explains the details involved in pion photo-production and electro-production, such as the kinematics, the choice of invariant amplitudes, the multipole amplitude, helicity amplitude expansions of the transition matrix, cross section, polarization formulas. The text also discusses high energy phenomenology using Regge poles, particularly on finite energy sum rules (FESR), duality, the Veneziano model, and Regge cuts. The Veneziano model, a form of amplitude combining low energy resonances and high energy Regge behavior in an analytic and crossing-symmetric ways, satisfies FESR. The model also provides a true realization of duality. The book analyzes evidence on the validity of quantum electrodynamics showing no grave discrepancies that are present between quantum electrodynamics and experiments. The text then describes the low energy tests and the high energy tests (including those with storage rings). The book can prove useful for theoretical physicists, investigators of quantum mechanics, and professors of advance physics.

  • Operator Methods in Quantum Mechanics

    • 1st Edition
    • Martin Schechter
    • English
    Operator Methods in Quantum Mechanics demonstrates the power of operator theory as a tool in the study of quantum mechanics. More specifically, it shows how to use algebraic, representation-indep... methods to solve one- and three-dimensional problems, including certain relativistic problems. It explains the applications of commutation relations, shift operators, and the virial, hypervirial, and Hellman-Feyman theorems to the calculation of eigenvalues, matrix elements, and wave functions. Organized into 16 chapters, this book begins by presenting a few simple postulates describing quantum theory and looking at a single particle moving along a straight line. Then, it introduces mathematical techniques that answer questions about the particle. It also discusses the use of spectral theorem in answering various questions concerning observables, along with negative eigenvalues and methods of determining parts of the spectrum or estimating lower bounds. Moreover, it explains the time-independent or stationary-state scattering theory and states, long-range potentials, and completeness and strong completeness. Oscillating potentials, eigenfunction expansions, restricted particles, hard-core potentials, the invariance principle, and the use of trace class operators to treat scattering theory are also described in this book. This volume is a valuable resource for physicists, as well as students of intermediate quantum mechanics and postgraduate students who want to be acquainted with the algebraic method of solving quantum mechanical problems.

  • Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • K. Siegbahn
    • English
    Alpha-, Beta- and Gamma-Ray Spectroscopy Volume 1 offers a comprehensive account of radioactivity and related low-energy phenomena. It summarizes progress in the field of alpha-, beta- and gamma-ray spectroscopy, including the discovery of the non-conservation of parity, as well as new experimental methods that elucidate the processes of weak interactions in general and beta-decay in particular. Comprised of 14 chapters, the book presents experimental methods and theoretical discussions and calculations to maintain the link between experiment and theory. It begins with a discussion of the interaction of electrons and alpha particles with matter. The book explains the elastic scattering of electrons by atomic nuclei and the interaction between gamma-radiation and matter. It then introduces topic on beta-ray spectrometer theory and design and crystal diffraction spectroscopy of nuclear gamma rays. Moreover, the book discusses the applications of the scintillation counter; proportional counting in gases; and the general processes and procedures used in determining disintegration schemes through a study of the beta- and gamma-rays emitted. In addition, it covers the nuclear shell model; collective nuclear motion and the unified model; and alpha-decay conservation laws. The emissions of gamma-radiation during charged particle bombardment and from fission fragments, as well as the neutron-capture radiation spectroscopy, are also explained. Experimentalists will find this book extremely useful.

  • Semiconductor Materials Analysis and Fabrication Process Control

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 34
    • G.M. Crean + 2 more
    • English
    There is a growing awareness that the successful implementation of novel material systems and technology steps in the fabrication of microelectronic and optoelectronic devices, is critically dependent on the understanding and control of the materials, the process steps and their interactions. The contributions in this volume demonstrate that characterisation and analysis techniques are an essential support mechanism for research in these fields. Current major research themes are reviewed both in the development and application of diagnostic techniques for advanced materials analysis and fabrication process control. Two distinct trends are elucidated: the emergence and evaluation of sophisticated in situ optical diagnostic techniques such as photoreflectance and spectroellipsometry and the industrial application of ultra-high sensitivity chemical analysis techniques for contamination monitoring. The volume will serve as a useful and timely overview of this increasingly important field.

  • The Beta Equilibrium, Stability, and Transport Codes

    Applications of the Design of Stellarators
    • 1st Edition
    • Frances Bauer
    • English
    The Beta Equilibrium, Stability, and Transport Codes: Application to the Design of Stellarators covers the application of the BETA computer codes to the Heliotron E plasma confinement experiment. This book is the outgrowth of a collaboration between the Courant Institute at New York University and the Plasma Physics Laboratory at Kyoto University. After briefly dealing with the history of the codes and the design of new stellarator experiments, this five-chapter book goes on presenting 15 typical runs of the BETA equilibrium, stability, and transport codes. Included with each run is a statement relating the physics of the example to the computational model. The following chapters focus on the revisions of the BETA equilibrium code by implementing a simplified neoclassical transport theory defining the geometric confinement time output by the equilibrium code. The concluding chapter provides a FORTRAN listing of the transport code.

  • Applications of Liquid Scintillation Counting

    • 1st Edition
    • Donald Horrocks
    • English
    Applications of Liquid Scintillation Counting deals with liquid scintillation counting and its applications in fields such as the biosciences, medicine, environmental and space sciences, chemistry, and physics. These applications include dual-labeled counting; Cerenkov counting; radioimmunoassay, chemiluminescence and bioluminescence; pulse shape discrimination; flow cell counting; and large-volume counters. This book is comprised of 18 chapters and begins with a historical overview of the liquid scintillation method, the first liquid scintillation counters, and early scintillator solutes. The following chapters focus on the theory of liquid scintillation counting; the components of the liquid scintillator solution; and the development of the liquid scintillation counter and multiplier phototubes. The discussion then turns to the detection and measurement of different types of particles produced by radionuclides using liquid scintillation techniques; the techniques and problems of sample preparations (homogeneous and heterogeneous); oxidation techniques; and importance and difference of several types of counting vials. The sources of quenching in counting samples and methods of monitoring and correction for variable quench within samples are also considered. Several special applications of liquid scintillation techniques are presented, including dual-labeled counting, radioimmunoassay, and flow cell counting. In conclusion, the statistical considerations involved in determining the reliability and accuracy of data obtained by nuclear counting techniques are highlighted. This monograph will serve as a reliable source of information for those who are already using or starting to use liquid scintillation counting techniques.

  • Kapitza in Cambridge and Moscow

    Life and Letters of a Russian Physicist
    • 1st Edition
    • J.W. Boag + 2 more
    • English
    The unusual career of the famous Soviet physicist Peter Kapitza was divided between Cambridge and Moscow. In Cambridge he was a protegé of Rutherford and while studying there he opened up a new area of research in magnetism and low temperature physics. However, in 1934, during a summer visit to the Soviet Union, Kapitza was prevented from returning to Cambridge and remained in Moscow for the rest of his long life. In spite of many ups and downs and considerable difficulties in his relations with top political figures in the Kremlin, he continued to enhance his scientific reputation and late in life was awarded the Nobel Prize.After an introductory biographical memoir, the greater part of the book consists of extracts from the numerous letters Kapitza wrote throughout his life, letters which are distinguished by their eloquence, the originality of his opinions and his forthrightness. His very interesting correspondence with Rutherford and above all his many letters to top political figures in the Soviet Union such as Molotov, Stalin and Khrushchev on questions of scientific and industrial policy are all included in this unique document. Together they provide a rounded picture of a remarkable personality who contributed so much to the scientific and cultural life of both England and the Soviet Union.This fascinating book is illustrated with an impressive collection of historical photographs and should be of interest to science historians, to low temperature physicists and to `Sovietologists', but above all the book should appeal to the general reader for its human interest. Some of the letters reveal his emotional reactions to the major blows he had to suffer on several occasions, while others provide penetrating and often amusing comments on English life and institutions as seen by a Russian, and on Soviet life from the inside.

  • Principles of Electron Optics

    Wave Optics
    • 3rd Edition
    • Peter W. Hawkes + 1 more
    • English
    The three volumes in the PRINCIPLES OF ELECTRON OPTICS Series constitute the first comprehensive treatment of electron optics in over forty years. While Volumes 1 and 2 are devoted to geometrical optics, Volume 3 is concerned with wave optics and effects due to wave length. Subjects covered include:Derivation of the laws of electron propagation from SchrUdinger's equationImage formation and the notion of resolutionThe interaction between specimens and electronsImage processingElectron holography and interferenceCoherenc... brightness, and the spectral functionTogether, these works comprise a unique and informative treatment of the subject. Volume 3, like its predecessors, will provide readers with both a textbook and an invaluable reference source.

  • Cardiovascular Fluid Dynamics

    • 1st Edition
    • D.H. Bergel
    • English
    Cardiovascular Fluid Dynamics, Volume 1 explores some problems and concepts of mammalian cardiovascular function, with emphasis on experimental studies and methods. It considers pressure measurement in experimental physiology, including the measurements of pulsatile flow, flow velocity, lengths, and dimensions; the use of control theory and systems analysis in cardiovascular dynamics; the application of computer models in cardiovascular research; the meaning and measurement of myocardial contractility; and the consequences of the steady-state analysis of arterial function. Organized into 10 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the mammalian cardiovascular system and the essential features of cardiovascular function. It then discusses the practical problems associated with the use of pressure transducers in physiological and cardiac laboratories, the challenges involved in pulsatile flow measurement using flowmeters and thermal devices, and the mechanical analysis of the circulatory system. It explains some computer modeling techniques used in investigating the hemodynamics of the cardiovascular system, including the heart and heart muscle; basic concepts of muscle mechanics and the mechanical properties of cardiac muscle; the fluid mechanics of heart valves; and the pressure and flow in large arteries. The book concludes with a chapter on vascular resistance and vascular input impedance. This book is intended for biologists, physical scientists, and others interested in cardiovascular physiology.

  • Elastic Waves in the Earth

    • 1st Edition
    • Walter L. Pilant
    • English
    Elastic Waves in the Earth provides information on the relationship between seismology and geophysics and their general aspects. The book offers elastodynamic equations and derivative equations that can be used in the propagation of elastic waves. It also covers major topics in detail, such as the fundamentals of elastodynamics; the Lamb's problem, which includes the Cagniard-de Hoop theory; rays and modes in a radially inhomogeneous earth and in multilayered media, which includes the Thomson-Haskell theory; the elastic wave dissipation; the seismic source and noise; and the seismographs. The book consists of 33 chapters. The first 16 chapters include basic material related to the propagation of elastic waves. Topics covered by these chapters include scalars, vectors, and tensors in cartesian coordinates, stress and strain analysis, equations of elasticity and motion, plane waves, Rayleigh waves, plane-wave theory, and fluid-fluid and solid-solid interfaces. The second half of the book covers various ray and mode theories, elastic wave dissipation, and the observations and theories of seismic source and seismic noise. It concludes by discussing earthquake seismology and different seismographs, like the pendulum seismometer and the strain seismometer.

  • Superconductivity in d-and f=Band Metals

    • 1st Edition
    • Harry Suhl
    • English
    Superconductivity in d- and f-Band Metals focuses on the establishment of systematics among d- and f-band metals, with emphasis towards developing a fundamental theory with predictive capability for these complex materials. This book examines the unique physical qualities of the d- and f-band metals that challenge our basic understanding of several general aspects of superconductivity. Organized into 59 chapters, this compilation of papers starts with an overview of the homogeneity in d- and f-band systems that offer the opportunity for relating superconductivity to the normal state microscopic parameters. This book then explores several topics, including superconductors, phonon effects, electronic structure, A-15 systematics, as well as disorder and transport. Other chapters discuss the interrelationships between superconductivity and magnetism. This text discusses as well the magnetic field dependent effects in the rare-earth ternary compounds. The final chapter deals with the complexity of the crystal structures. This book is a valuable resource for materials scientists and physicists.

  • Muon Physics V3

    Chemistry and Solids
    • 1st Edition
    • Vernon Hughes
    • English
    Muon Physics, Volume III: Chemistry and Solids explores muon chemistry and muons in matter, with emphasis on positive muons and muonium in matter; mesomolecular processes induced by muons; and depolarization of negative muons. The interaction of muonic atoms with the medium is also discussed. This volume is comprised of a single chapter divided into three sections and begins with a discussion on the interactions of positive muons and muonium with matter, especially their precession, depolarization, deceleration, and thermalization. A phenomenological description of the production and behavior of polarized positive muons is offered, and the qualitative behavior of the muon spin in muonium is considered along with its evolution in quasi-free muonium. The next section focuses on mesomolecular processes induced by mesons, paying particular attention to successive stages of stopping and absorption of negative mesons. The results of an experimental study of mesoatomic and mesomolecular processes in hydrogen are presented, together with theoretical calculations. Finally, the depolarization of negative muons and the interaction of muonic atoms with the medium are discussed. This book is written primarily for physicists as well as students and researchers in physics.

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