Solar and Terrestrial Radiation

Methods and Measurements

1st Edition - April 28, 1975
Author: Kinsell Coulson
Language: English
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 1 5 5 5 1 - 9

Solar and Terrestrial Radiation: Methods and Measurements basically summarizes instruments used in routine measurements of solar and terrestrial radiation at the earth’s surface.… Read more

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Solar and Terrestrial Radiation: Methods and Measurements basically summarizes instruments used in routine measurements of solar and terrestrial radiation at the earth’s surface. Because of developments in this field, these certain instruments are sufficiently relevant for meteorological and climatological purposes. Although the emphasis of the book is on the radiation instrumentation, basic theory is still covered and discussed for the purpose of understanding basic radiative processes in the atmosphere. The featured instruments in this book show that if used properly, these instruments can eliminate certain deficiencies in climatological data and routine monitoring of the radiative regime of the surface and lower atmosphere. However, the scope of the study is limited in which they cannot be of use in terms of being precise in studies of climatic change, spectral distribution of atmospheric radiation, and other specific meteorological and technological requirements. This book is designed to be of valuable use to meteorologists, climatologists, and physicists. Students, specifically graduate students, can also make use of the book as well.

Preface

Chapter One Principles of Radiation Instruments

1.1 Definitions, Terminology, and Units

1.2 Radiation Laws

1.3 Milestones in Radiation Research

References

Chapter Two Radiation Sensors and Sources

2.1 Radiation Sensors

2.2 Radiation Sources

References

Chapter Three Solar Radiation: Direct Component

3.1 Transmission by Atmosphere

3.2 Measurement of the Direct Component: Pyrheliometers

3.3 Collimator Tubes for Pyrheliometers

3.4 Calibration of Pyrheliometers

References

Chapter Four Solar Radiation: Diffuse Component

4.1 Skylight Intensity and Distribution

4.2 Measurement of Diffuse and Global Radiation

References

Chapter Five Ultraviolet Radiation from the Sun and Sky

5.1 The Solar Ultraviolet

5.2 The Measurement of Ultraviolet Radiation

References

Chapter Six Illumination

6.1 Definitions and Units

6.2 Measurement of Photometric Quantities

6.3 Measurements of Natural Illumination

References

Chapter Seven Polarization of Light in the Atmosphere

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Polarization of Radiation

7.3 Theoretical Determinations of Polarization

7.4 Measurements of Skylight Polarization

7.5 Instruments for Measuring Polarization

References

Chapter Eight Duration of Sunshine

8.1 Usefulness of Measurements of Sunshine Duration

8.2 Early Development of Sunshine Recorders

8.3 Modern Sunshine Recorders

8.4 Installation of Sunshine Recorders

8.5 Correlation between Sunshine Duration and Global Radiation

References

Chapter Nine The Solar Constant

9.1 Determinations of the Solar Constant

9.2 Variability of Solar Radiation

References

Chapter Ten Terrestrial Radiation: Field Characteristics

10.1 General

10.2 Equation of Radiative Transfer

10.3 Radiative Heating and Cooling

10.4 Models of Absorption Lines and Bands

10.5 The Curtis-Godson Approximation

10.6 Absorption Spectra of Atmospheric Gases

10.7 Computations of Fluxes and Heating Rates

References

Chapter Eleven Terrestrial Radiation: Methods of Measurement Contents

11.1 Measurement of Long-Wave Radiation

11.2 Early Types of Long-Wave Radiometers

11.3 Important Modern Radiometers

11.4 Calibration of Pyrradiometers and Net Pyrradiometers

References

Appendix A List of Symbols

Appendix B

Appendix C

Index