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Elsevier

Books in Chemistry

Chemistry topic areas include: physical and theoretical, computational, organic, organometallic and inorganic, pharmaceutical and medicinal, analytical and bioanalytical, nuclear, general, nanochemistry, geochemistry, materials and polymer, as well as environmental, green and sustainable chemistry.

  • Structure of Molecules and Internal Rotation

    Physical Chemistry: A Series of Monographs
    • 1st Edition
    • San-Ichiro Mizushima
    • Ernest M. Loebl
    • English
    Structure of Molecules and Internal Rotation reviews early studies on dihalogenoethanes. This book is organized into two parts encompassing 8 chapters that evaluate the Raman effect in ethane derivatives, the energy difference between rotational isomers, and the infrared absorption of ethane derivatives. Some of the topics covered in the book are the potential barrier to internal rotation; nature of the hindering potential; entropy difference between the rotational isomers; internal rotation in butane, pentane, and hexane; and internal rotation in long chain n-paraffins. Other chapters deal with the configuration of a polypeptide chain, as well as the sum rule and the product rule for rotational isomers. The normal vibrations of the 1,2-dihalogenoethane... are presented. The last chapters are devoted to the examination of the Raman effect, dielectric constant, and electron diffraction. The book can provide useful information to chemists, physicists, students, and researchers.

  • Chemical Reactions in Solvents and Melts

    • 1st Edition
    • G. Charlot + 1 more
    • English
    Chemical Reactions in Solvents and Melts discusses the use of organic and inorganic compounds as well as of melts as solvents. This book examines the applications in organic and inorganic chemistry as well as in electrochemistry. Organized into two parts encompassing 15 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the general properties and the different types of reactions, including acid–base reactions, complex formation reactions, and oxidation–reduction reactions. This text then describes the properties of inert and active solvents. Other chapters consider the proton transfer reactions in polar solvents as well as the transfer of other ions. This book discusses as well the solubility in a number of solvents by the formation of different bonds between the solute and the solvent molecule. The final chapter deals with the general characteristics of the oxidation–reduction reactions of melts. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, students, and researchers.

  • Extrusion Reactions

    • 1st Edition
    • B. P. Stark + 1 more
    • English
    Extrusion Reactions presents a critical review of the reactions which presents a rupture of both of the bonds connecting an atom or a small group of atoms into a ring system. It discusses the loss of small fragments from cyclic structures under non-catalyzed conditions. It addresses those reactions wherein the major output and starting materials are cyclic. It demonstrates the general characteristics of the main classes of residua. Some of the topics covered in the book are the conditions for extrusion; types of concurrent reactions; choice of experimental conditions in extrusion; structural requirements for extrusion, and special cases of the reaction; extrusion from analogous systems; extrusions of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; and extrusion of sulfur dioxide and oxidized sulfur fragments. The extrusions of the elementary chalcogens: sulfur, selenium, and oxygen are fully covered. Extrusion of nitrogen from pyrazolines and 3H-pyrazoles are extensively discussed. An in-depth evaluation of the course of extrusion from pyrazolines is provided. The extrusion of nitrogen from triazolines and formation of aziridines from triazolines are also presented. A chapter is devoted to possible intervention of oxadiazolines and thiadiazolines in syntheses of oxirans. The book can provide useful information to chemists, students, and researchers.

  • Enzymatic Methods of Analysis

    International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • George G. Guilbault
    • R. Belcher + 1 more
    • English
    Enzymatic Methods of Analysis attempts to cover all the aspects of modern enzymatic analysis. Enzymes possess a great potential usefulness in analytical chemistry. The specificity of enzymes can solve the primary problem of most analytical chemists—the analysis of one substance in the presence of many similar compounds that interfere in the analysis. The book begins with two introductory chapters devoted to general considerations of enzymes as reagents and methods of analysis of enzymatic reactions. The next four chapters deal with methods for the assay of specific enzymes, and substrate, activator, and inhibitor analysis using enzymes. In the last two chapters the immobilization of enzymes and the automation of enzymatic reactions are discussed. In addition, a listing of all commercially available enzymes is given in an appendix. It is hoped that the information presented will prove interesting and stimulating to all individuals engaged in research and development.

  • Pesticide Chemistry: Human Welfare and the Environment

    Pesticide Residues and Formulation Chemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Miyamoto + 2 more
    • English
    Pesticide Chemistry: Human Welfare and the Environment, Volume 4: Pesticide Residues and Formulation Chemistry covers the proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry. The book covers research topics that tackle both improved agricultural production and public health concerns. The papers presented in this volume are organized into two parts. The first part tackles pesticide residues and methodology, which includes analysis of xenobiotics in air; pesticides residues in soil and water; and schematic flow diagram for pesticide analysis. The second part covers formulation chemistry, such as formation of drift and basic considerations for its reduction; the effects of adjuvants on biological activity of herbicides; and effect of formulation on vapor transfer. The book will be of great interest to professionals and researchers whose work involves pesticides.

  • Structure Analysis by Electron Diffraction

    • 1st Edition
    • B. K. Vainshtein
    • E. Feigl + 1 more
    • English
    Structure Analysis by Electron Diffraction focuses on the theory and practice of studying the atomic structure of crystalline substances through electron diffraction. The publication first offers information on diffraction methods in structure analysis and the geometrical theory of electron diffraction patterns. Discussions focus on the fundamental concepts of the theory of scattering and structure analysis of crystals, structure analysis by electron diffraction, formation of spot electron diffraction patterns, electron diffraction texture patterns, and polycrystalline electron diffraction patterns. The text then ponders on intensities of reflections, including atomic scattering, temperature factor, structure amplitude, experimental measurements of intensity, and review of equations for intensities of reflections in electron diffraction patterns. The manuscript examines the Fourier methods in electron diffraction and experimental electron diffraction structure investigations. Topics include the determination of the structure of the hydrated chlorides of transition metals; structures of carbides and nitrides of certain metals and semi-conducting alloys; electron diffraction investigation of clay minerals; and possibilities inherent in structure analysis by electron diffraction. The book is a helpful source of data for readers interested in structure analysis by electron diffraction.

  • The Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Fuels

    • 1st Edition
    • Harold H. Schobert
    • English
    The Chemistry of Hydrocarbon Fuels is concerned with the chemical aspects of hydrofuels such as coal, petroleum, and natural gas. Topics covered include diagenesis and catagenesis, processing of natural gas and petroleum fractions, coal combustion, and chemicals that can be obtained from fuels. This book is comprised of 14 chapters and begins with a comprehensive treatment of the formation of fuels from accumulated organic matter, along with the organic geochemistry of coal, oil, and gas. The following chapters focus on the composition of hydrocarbon fuels and some of their important physical properties. Production and use of synthesis gas, alternate fuels from coal, and oxygenated fuels are considered. The remaining chapters deal with some of the chemistry of separation, refining, and use of hydrocarbon fuels. This monograph is written primarily for practicing scientists and engineers, fuel scientists, petroleum chemists, and those who are new to the field of fuel science and seek an introduction to fuel chemistry.

  • Metals

    Thermal and Mechanical Data
    • 1st Edition
    • Simonne Allard
    • English
    Metals: Thermal and Mechanical Data covers the thermal and mechanical data of metals. The book presents topics on atomic heat; phase changes and vapor pressure; and elastic constants. The text also includes topics on plasticity properties, such as stress strength, activation energy for and change in creep, and hardness; internal friction; and data for liquid metals close to the melting point including viscosity and surface tension. Engineers, technicians, physical chemists as well as specialists in metallurgy will find the book invaluable.

  • The Chemistry of Organolithium Compounds

    • 1st Edition
    • B. J. Wakefield
    • English
    The Chemistry of Organolithium Compounds is a comprehensive review of the status of organolithium compound chemistry. This book is composed of four parts and nineteen chapters that particularly describe the reactions involving these compounds The first part highlights the constitution of organolithium compounds, specifically in the absence and presence of electron donors, as well as the configurational stability of these compounds. The second part deals with their preparation from organic halides and lithium metal involving metallation and metal-halogen exchange, while the third part focuses on their organic synthesis. The fourth part considers the synthesis of organometallic compound derivatives from main group and transition metals. This book will prove useful to organic chemists and organic chemistry researchers.

  • The Analytical Chemistry of the Noble Metals

    • 1st Edition
    • F. E. Beamish
    • English
    Analytical Chemistry, Volume 24: The Analytical Chemistry of the Noble Metals describes the procedures for the separation, extraction, and analysis of noble metals. This book is composed of seven chapters, and begins with a survey on the influence of metallurgical factors on the susceptibility of platinum and gold metals to various corrosive agents. The succeeding chapter provides the methods of isolation of osmium and ruthenium from associated platinum metals and from base metals. A chapter examines the application of gravimetric methods for the separation of seven noble metals, including ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, platinum, and gold. Other chapters consider the procedures for volumetric, spectrophotometric, and spectrochemical analysis of noble metals. The concluding chapter describes the features and attributes of the equipment for noble metal analysis. This book is of value to analytical chemists and workers and researchers in metallurgy.

  • Macromolecular Chemistry—9

    Specially Invited and Selected Symposium Lectures Presented at the International Symposium on Macromolecules Held in Aberdeen, Scotland, 10—14 September 1973
    • 1st Edition
    • L. C. Cross
    • English
    Macromolecular Chemistry—9 provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of macromolecular chemistry. This book discusses the structure, properties, morphology, chemical reactions, and compatibility of polymers. Organized into 16 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the methods for the determination of polymer compatibility by means of the mutual solvent method and a light-scattering technique. This text then examines certain urethane systems that are suitable for application in products usually made of black reinforced rubber with cord reinforcement. Other chapters consider polycyclotrimerizati... as a route to the synthesis of polymers of different structures containing carbo- or hetero-cyclic rings in the chain. This book discusses as well the separation of a binary organic liquid mixture by hyperfiltration. The final chapter deals with a model for the growth of crazes in the presence of liquids. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, scientists, mechanical engineers, researchers, and laboratory workers.

  • The Chemistry of Sulphur, Selenium, Tellurium and Polonium

    Pergamon Texts in Inorganic Chemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • M. Schmidt + 2 more
    • English
    The Chemistry of Sulfur, Selenium, Tellurium and Polonium deals with the chemistry of sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium. The history, occurrence and distribution, and production of all four elements are discussed, along with their industrial uses, purification, and allotropy; nuclear, physical, and chemical properties; and biological activities. Comprised of two chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the history, occurrence and distribution, and production of sulfur, selenium, tellurium, and polonium, as well as their industrial uses, purification, and allotropy; nuclear, physical, and chemical properties; and biological activities. The compounds of all four elements are also considered, including sulfanes, sulfur halides, oxides and oxyacids, and compounds composed of sulfur, nitrogen, and halogen; peroxides, hydroxides and oxo-acids, sulfides, nitrides and azides, carbon selenides and tellurides; carbonates, salts of organic acids, alkoxides, nitrates, phosphates, chromates, halates and perhalates, and organo-compounds. This book will be of interest to inorganic chemists as well as students and researchers in the field of inorganic chemistry.

  • Advances in Magnetic Resonance

    Volume 6
    • 1st Edition
    • John S. Waugh
    • English
    Advances in Magnetic Resonance, Volume 6 focuses on the theoretical and practical aspects of applying magnetic resonance methods to various problems in physical chemistry, emphasizing the different aspects of the exegesis of these problems. This book discusses the gas phase magnetic resonance of electronically excited molecules; techniques for observing excited electronic states; NMR studies in liquids at high pressure; and effect of pressure on self-diffusion in liquids. The nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of organic free radicals; measurement of proton coupling constants by NMR; and crystal point group symmetry and microscopic tensor properties in magnetic resonance spectroscopy are also elaborated. This text likewise deliberates the degeneracy of symmetry-related tensors; second and fourth moments in NQR spectroscopy for spins with I = 1; and fourth moment for equivalent nuclei with spins I = 1. This publication is valuable to physical chemists and students aiming to acquire knowledge on the application of magnetic resonance methods.

  • Elements of Psycho-Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • W. R. Bion
    • English
    Elements of Psycho-Analysis is a 20-chapter text that describes the phenomena whose various aspects can be seen to fall within the grid categories of psycho-analysis. The elements of psycho-analysis are ideas and feelings as represented by their setting in a single grid-category. The opening chapters deal with the psychoanalytic objects, which are associations and interpretations with extensions in the domain of sense, myth, and passion. The remaining chapters are extensive discussions of the psychoanalytic phenomena, including ideas, feelings, pain, association and interpretation, conflicting pairs, and the two axes of grid. This book is directed primarily to psycho-analysts and psychiatrists.

  • Advances in X-Ray Spectroscopy

    Contributions in Honour of Professor Y. Cauchois
    • 1st Edition
    • C. Bonnelle + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in X-Ray Spectroscopy covers topics relevant to the advancement of X-ray spectroscopy technology. The book is a collection of papers written by specialists in X-ray spectroscopy and pays tribute to the scientific work of Prof. Yvette Cauchois. The text is organized into four parts. Part I covers the analysis of X-ray transitions between atomic levels and relativistic theories of X-ray emission satellites and electron BremsStrahlung. Part II reviews the means provided by X-ray spectroscopy for the determination of the electronic structure of solids, while Part III discusses methods of obtaining types of information from X-ray spectra. The fourth part discusses techniques available for studies in the field. Researchers and professionals dealing with X-ray technology will find this book a great source of information regarding its development.

  • Pesticide Residues

    A Contribution to Their Interpretation, Relevance and Legislation
    • 1st Edition
    • H. Frehse + 1 more
    • English
    Pesticide Residues: A Contribution to their Interpretation, Relevance and Legislation contains the papers presented at two special Symposia held in the Pesticide Residues Section at the Fourth International Congress of Pesticide Chemistry (lUPAC). This book is organized into two parts encompassing 17 chapters. Part I focuses on the accuracy of any statement on the amount of residue a sample contains, which is influenced by the interaction of multiple factors. This part specifically discusses some of these factors and their bearing on the analytical result of pesticide residue analysis. Part II deals with the complex problem of whether and how the unavoidable uncertainties in analytical findings can be matched to a legislative machinery accustomed to operating with rigid data. This part also covers the principles for the permission of pesticides from the food-hygienic point of view, with emphasis on regulatory toxicology and tolerances of pesticide residues. This book will be of value to toxicologists, agriculturists, public health workers, and legislators.

  • Quantum Mechanics

    Principles and Formalism
    • 1st Edition
    • R. McWeeny
    • English
    Quantum Mechanics: Principles and Formalism gives importance to the exposition of the fundamental bases of quantum mechanics. This text first discusses the physical basis of quantum theory. This book then provides some simple solutions of Schrödinger's equation, eigenvalue equations, and general formulation of quantum mechanics. The general theory of representations is also tackled. In discussing this topic, this text specifically looks into the harmonic oscillator, Dirac notation, time-evolution, Schrödinger equation in momentum space, and transformation theory. This publication will be invaluable to students and experts interested in quantum mechanics, especially in the principles of this field of study.

  • Zinc Ions in Ear, Nose, and Throat Work

    • 1st Edition
    • A. R. Friel
    • English
    Zinc Ions in Ear, Nose, and Throat Work presents the method of effectively treating otorrhea. This three-chapter text discusses the means of applying electric current to the infected area to introduce zinc ions into the tissue. It addresses the progress made with the treatment and the use of this in treating maxillary and frontal sinusitis. Some of the topics covered in the book are the dissociation of atoms into ions; description of a simple voltaic cell; features and chemical reactions in an electrolytic cell; and source and regulation of the electric current. The next chapter provides the basic procedures of using the zinc ion treatment and the clinical application of zinc ionization and zinc electrolysis in chronic otorrhea. An evaluation of tympanic sepsis treatment and the analysis of tympanic conditions with rhinitis and tonsillitis are presented. The last chapter is devoted to zinc ionization in the post-operative treatment of cerebral abscess. The book can provide useful information to doctors, students, and researchers.

  • Teratogens

    Chemicals Which Cause Birth Defects
    • 2nd Edition
    • Vera M. Kolb
    • English
    Teratogens Chemicals Which Cause Birth Defects, 2nd Revised Edition is a collection of papers that discusses the practical aspect of teratogens, particularly regarding information on the teratogenic potential of chemicals. This book describes the principles and mechanism of teratogenesis, including the initiating mechanisms during the subcellular or molecular level and the role of bio-activation in teratogenesis. Investigations have been done on the relationship between spontaneous abortion in women exposed to organic solvents, antineoplastic agents, and chemicals in plastics. Other studies also show that teratogenicity depends in part on enzymatic bio-activation to an embryotoxic reactive intermediate. This text also explains the legal and ethical aspects of fetal protection policies with emphasis on fetal protection. Protection to expecting women extends to pregnant students exposed to teratogenic chemicals in chemistry laboratories. The book explains how and where to get information about the teratogenic potential of chemicals and how to properly handle these chemicals in the laboratory. The book also provides a list from RTECs of toxic chemicals which can cause reproductive effects. This book can prove useful for chemists, pharmacologists, obstetricians, gynecologists, and practitioners of general medicine.

  • Photochemical Processes in Polymer Chemistry - 2

    Invited Lectures Presented at the Second IUPAC Symposium on Photochemical Processes in Polymer Chemistry, Leuven, Belgium, 2 - 4 June, 1976
    • 1st Edition
    • G. Smets
    • English
    Photochemical Processes in Polymer Chemistry-2 contains invited lectures presented at the Second IUPAC Symposium on Photochemical Processes in Polymer Chemistry held at Leuven, Belgium on June 2-4, 1976. This book contains 11 papers separated as chapters. Topics include energy transfer processes; photoinitiation of polymerization; solid-state polymerization mechanisms; photoinduced ionic polymerizations; and photoconductive polymers. This text also discusses energy transfer phenomena in high polymer systems; laser spectroscopical methods for the study of primary processes during the photodegradation; photooxidation of high polymers; and reaction selectivity and molecular association in photochemical reactions of nucleic acids and their constituents. New developments in photochromic polymers and related phenomena, as well as the design of photoreactive polymer systems for imaging processes are also explained.

  • Analysis of Ancient Metals

    International Series of Monographs on Analytical Chemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • Earle R. Caley
    • R. Belcher + 1 more
    • English
    Analysis of Ancient Metals provides a guide to the identification and analysis of ancient metals and alloys. The title details the various analytical methods and procedures in dealing with different metals and alloys. The text first discusses the heterogeneity of ancient metals and the sampling problem, and then proceeds to covering preliminary observations and measurements, qualitative tests, and choice of quantitative method. The next series of chapters details the methods and procedures in the analysis of gold, silver, copper, iron, and steel, as well as various nonferrous metals. The last chapter discusses the concerns in reporting the findings. The book will be of great interest to materials engineers and metallurgists. Archeologists and museologists will also greatly benefit from the text.

  • Calcium and Cell Function

    Volume 7
    • 1st Edition
    • Wai Yiu Cheung
    • English
    Calcium and Cell Function, Volume 7 covers the signal transduction across the cell membrane. The book discusses phosphoinositides and calcium signaling; calmodulin-stimulate... adenylate cyclases; and calcium/calmodulin-d... protein kinases. The text also describes the regulation of gene expression by calcium; the dynamics of intracellular calcium concentration during mitosis; and the methods for the measurement of intracellular ionized calcium in mammalian cells. Pharmacologists, physiologists, and people involved in the study of calcium and cell function will find the book invaluable.

  • Advances in Liquid Crystals

    Volume 1
    • 1st Edition
    • Glenn H. Brown
    • English
    Advances in Liquid Crystals, Volume I is a collection of papers dealing with lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystals. One paper discusses lyotropic liquid crystalline phases in systems of amphiphilic compounds, including the liquid crystalline phases, lyotropic liquid crystalline phase, the ""gel"" phases, and the transition between normal and reversed mesophases. Another paper describes the ordering and structure of liquid crystals by reviewing research work on X-ray analysis of thermotropic liquid crystals. One paper explains the studies made on the mesomorphic behavior of block copolymers, including the incompatibility, segregation, and organization of polymers. The paper notes that plastic crystals and liquid crystals are different manifestations of the duality of the melting process in molecular crystals, resulting in the loss of positional and orientation order. One paper describes the essential linear defects found in solid crystals, which have been researched in terms of the major role they play in macroscopic properties, particularly plasticity, as the defects or dislocations of translation. G. Friedel's work classifies liquid crystals into an intermediary symmetry composed of the nematic, the cholesteric, and the smectic phases. This intermediary symmetry occurs between the liquid type symmetry and the solid type symmetry. This collection can prove useful for researchers in liquid crystals and industrial scientists in the field of chemistry and polymer composites.

  • Microanalysis by the Ring-Oven Technique

    International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry
    • 2nd Edition
    • Herbert Weisz
    • R. Belcher + 1 more
    • English
    International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry, Volume 37: Microanalysis by the Ring-Oven Technique, Second Edition focuses on the ring-oven method. The book first offers information on the characteristics and uses of ring-oven, gas generator, pipette, glass holder, and other accessories. The text focuses on qualitative analysis, including the systematic schemes for the analysis of metal ions; separations and reactions for acid radicals; and reactions for metal ions. The selection discusses spot colorimetry with the ring-oven method. Concerns include determination of iron and other metals, amplification reactions, removal of interfering ions, and determination of anions. The radiochemical applications of ring-oven method, including determination of inactive substances, identification of radionucleides, and separation procedures, are explained. The text also discusses the combination of ring-oven method with electrography, thin-layer chromatography, and solvent extraction. The book is a valuable source of information for readers interested in the ring-oven method.

  • Advances in High Temperature Chemistry

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • Leroy Eyring
    • English
    Advances in High Temperature Chemistry, Volume 2 covers the advances in the knowledge of the high temperature behavior of materials and the complex and unfamiliar characteristics of matter at high temperature. The book discusses the dissociation energies and free energy functions of gaseous monoxides; the matrix-isolation technique applied to high temperature molecules; and the main features, the techniques for the production, detection, and diagnosis, and the applications of molecular beams in high temperatures. The text also describes the chemical research in streaming thermal plasmas, as well as the studies of the sublimation mechanism of sodium chloride, cadmium sulfide, and gallium arsenide. The temperature and emissivity measurements in the thermal imaging technique, freezing and melting point measurements of metal oxides, and phase studies on binary oxide systems at higher temperatures with a solar furnace are also encompassed. High temperature chemists and solar researchers will find the book invaluable.

  • Advances in Liquid Crystals

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • Glenn H. Brown
    • English
    Advances in Liquid Crystals, Volume 2 covers the study of lyotropic and thermotropic liquid crystals. The five articles in this volume discuss topics such as the effects of change in molecular geometry on the properties of liquid crystals formed by nonamphiphilic (thermotropic) compounds; aspects of the physics and chemistry of cholesteric liquid crystals with respect to temperature dependence and temperature sensitivity of the selective reflection of visible light; arrangements of emulsifier molecules and the interaction between the different components in emulsions; the type of information about liquid crystals obtained from vibrational spectroscopy; and the continuum theory of liquid crystals as it applies to static equilibrium. The book will be invaluable to materials engineers, inventors, physicists, and researchers in the field of electronics.

  • International Symposium on Selective Ion-Sensitive Electrodes

    International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • G. J. Moody
    • English
    International Symposium on Selective Ion-Sensitive Electrodes contains the plenary lectures presented at the International Symposium on Selective Ion-Sensitive Electrodes, held in Cardiff, UK on April 9-12, 1973 and organized by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. The papers explore significant developments concerning selective ion-sensitive electrodes and cover topics ranging from potentiometric gas sensing electrodes to precipitate-based selective ion-sensitive electrodes and mechanistic aspects of ion-selective membrane electrodes. This book is comprised of five chapters and begins by introducing the reader to ion activity scales for use with selective ion-sensitive electrodes. Ion activities in dilute solutions, concentrated solutions, and mixtures of electrolytes are described. Attention then turns to the use of carrier antibiotics and model compounds as components of selective ion-sensitive electrodes. The next chapter focuses on a number of precipitate-based electrodes based for example on mixtures of metal chalcogenides, as well as enzyme electrodes and coated wire electrodes. Their analytical application in the widest sense is reviewed for anions and cations. This book also considers techniques used in elucidating glass, liquid, and crystal membrane electrode operation, along with their possible mechanisms. The final chapter analyzes a number of potentiometric gas sensing electrodes using hydrogen or other ion sensing electrode and a gas permeable membrane. This book will be of interest to students and practitioners of chemistry, biochemistry, and electrochemistry.

  • The Biochemistry of Foreign Compounds

    International Series of Monographs in Pure and Applied Biology: Biochemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • Dennis V. Parke
    • H. H. V. Arnstein + 2 more
    • English
    The Biochemistry of Foreign Compounds presents the various aspects of biochemistry of foreign compounds in relation to toxicology, pathology, and pharmacology. This book discusses the classification of foreign compounds according to usage, namely, food additives, drugs, pesticides, industrial chemicals, and natural foreign compounds. Organized into two sections encompassing 12 chapters, this book starts with the absorption and secretion of foreign compounds. This text then discusses the two phases of reaction in the metabolism of foreign compounds. Other chapters consider the rate at which each reaction proceeds wherein its relative significance may be affected by many factors that may result in changes in the pattern of metabolism and differences in toxicity. This book discusses as well the physiological factors that affect metabolism, including age, sex, pregnancy, disease, and the nutritional state of the animal. The final chapter deals with the metabolism of some of the commonly used industrial chemicals. This book is a valuable resource for biochemists, chemists, toxicologists, pharmacologists, and pathologists.

  • Analytical Chemistry in the Exploration, Mining and Processing of Materials

    Plenary Lectures Presented at the International Symposium on Analytical Chemistry in the Exploration, Mining and Processing of Materials, Johannesburg, RSA, 23 - 27 August 1976
    • 1st Edition
    • A. Strasheim + 1 more
    • English
    Analytical Chemistry in the Exploration, Mining and Processing of Materials is a collection of plenary lectures presented at the International Symposium on Analytical Chemistry in the Exploration, Mining, and Processing of Materials, held in Johannesburg, South Africa, on August 23-27, 1976. Contributors explore the applications of analytical chemistry in the exploration, mining, and processing of materials and cover topics ranging from the role of reference materials in analytical chemistry to analytical requirements in exploration geochemistry, along with activation analysis of ores and minerals. This book is comprised of 15 chapters and begins with a discussion on the analytical needs for primary coal covering three sets of parameters associated with chemical quality, physical nature and condition, and rank fundamental properties. The reader is then introduced to coal products (coke, tar, gas) and their analysis; analytical chemistry of the noble metals; use of chromatography in the analysis of inorganic materials; and developments in wavelength and energy dispersive spectrometry, Subsequent chapters deal with optical emission spectrochemical analysis; automated on-line analysis for controlling industrial processes; and atomic absorption spectroscopy and its applications. This monograph will be a useful resource for chemists, metallurgists, materials scientists, and mining engineers.

  • Fundamentals of Energy Dispersive X-Ray Analysis

    Butterworths Monographs in Materials
    • 1st Edition
    • John C. Russ
    • M. Ashby Frs + 2 more
    • English
    Fundamentals of Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis provides an introduction to the fundamental principles of dispersive X-ray analysis. It presents descriptions, equations, and graphs to enable the users of these techniques to develop an intuitive and conceptual image of the physical processes involved in the generation and detection of X-rays. The book begins with a discussion of X-ray detection and measurement, which is accomplished by one of two types of X-ray spectrometer: energy dispersive or wavelength dispersive. The emphasis is on energy dispersive spectrometers, given their rather widespread use compared to the wavelength dispersive type. This is followed by separate chapters on techniques such as X-ray absorption; spectrum processing; and elimination of spectrum background produced by electron excitation. Subsequent chapters cover X-ray fluorescence; the use of regression models; hardware for X-ray fluorescence analysis; scattering, background, and trace element analysis; and methods for producing inner shell excitation of atoms in a sample of interest. The final chapter deals with applications of X-ray analysis.

  • Dopaminergic Ergot Derivatives and Motor Function

    Proceedings of an International Symposium Held in the Wenner-Gren Center, Stockholm, July 24-25, 1978
    • 1st Edition
    • Kjell Fuxe + 1 more
    • English
    Dopaminergic Ergot Derivatives and Motor Function is a collection of papers from the proceedings of an international symposium of the same topic, held in Stockholm on July 24-25, 1978. This collection of papers covers laboratory studies on different subjects such as the anatomy, physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology of dopaminergic pathways of the brain. This book also discusses clinical research dealing on dopaminergic receptors observed in Parkinsonism and in Huntington's disease. One paper reviews the neural circuitry of the basal ganglia as it is the part of the brain that is first and foremost involved in skeletomuscular mechanisms. Another paper deals with the different groups of ergot derivatives and their structure-activity relationships. The book also addresses the therapeutic activity and toxicity made during these observations. The text then discusses the psychiatric reaction to ergot derivatives, including LSD-induced hallucinations. Another paper examines the effects of dopaminergic ergots on the anterior pituitary function that is limited to the control of prolactin secretion during chronic therapy. This book is valuable to microbiologists, microchemists, and laboratory researchers and scientists dealing with neuro-functions and the brain.

  • The Chemistry of Natural Products: 6

    Plenary Lectures Presented at the Sixth International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Products
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    The Chemistry of Natural Products: 6 discusses some of the advances in the chemistry of sesquiterpenic lactones. This book presents the studies on terpenoids isolated from Compositae. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the revised structures of some guaianolides and germacranolides. This text then examines the advances in the field of steroidal alkaloids and sapogenins possessing the C27-carbon skeleton of cholestane. Other chapters consider the usefulness of steroidal glycosides of digitalis as life-saving products. This book discusses as well the microbiological oxidation of the five-membered ether sesquiterpenes guaioxide and liguroxide using Mucor parasiticus. The final chapter deals with the application of hypofluorites, particularly trifluoromethyl hypofluorite, in the synthesis of fluorinated steroids. This book is a valuable resource for organic chemists, phytochemists, plant biochemists, botanists, and other scientists. Students and research workers who are interested in the chemistry of natural products will also find this book extremely useful.

  • Band Theory of Metals

    The Elements
    • 1st Edition
    • Simon L. Altmann
    • English
    Band Theory of Metals: The Elements focuses on the band theory of solids. The book first discusses revision of quantum mechanics. Topics include Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle, normalization, stationary states, wave and group velocities, mean values, and variational method. The text takes a look at the free-electron theory of metals, including heat capacities, density of states, Fermi energy, core and metal electrons, and eigenfunctions in three dimensions. The book also reviews the effects of crystal fields in one dimension. The eigenfunctions of the translations; symmetry operations of the linear chain; use of translational symmetry; degeneracy of the Bloch functions; and effects of inversion are described. The text also focuses on Bloch functions and Brillouin zones in three dimensions. Concerns include symmetry in the reciprocal space; scalar product and reciprocal vectors; Brillouin zones of higher order; and conditions for the faces of the Brillouin zones. The book is a good source of data for readers interested in the band theory of solids.

  • Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis — 1987

    • 1st Edition
    • Eric F. V. Scriven + 1 more
    • English
    Annual Reports in Organic Synthesis — 1987 presents a collection of 49 abstracted chemistry journals that cover organic synthesis. The book is comprised of eight chapters that cover different aspects of organic synthesis, such as reaction types and methods. The first three chapters tackle carbon–carbon bond forming reactions, oxidations, and reductions. Chapter IV discusses synthesis of heterocycles, and Chapter V covers the use of protecting groups. Chapter VI talks about useful synthetic preparations. The last two chapters cover the miscellaneous reactions and reviews. The text will be useful to biochemists and other researchers who deal with organic synthesis.

  • Low-Pressure Phenomena

    With Contributions in Memoriam Including a Complete Bibliography of His Works
    • 1st Edition
    • C. Guy Suits
    • English
    The Collected Works of Irving Langmuir, Volume 1: Low-Pressure Phenomena is a 16-chapter text that covers the early work of Irving Langmuir, beginning with his doctoral thesis written in 1906, focusing on the chemical and physical aspects of low-pressure phenomena. The first chapters deal with the dissociation of various gases produced by hot platinum wires and the convection and conduction of gases at high temperatures. The subsequent chapters consider the velocity of reactions in gases, the chemically active modification of hydrogen, and the dissociation of hydrogen into atoms. Considerable chapters are devoted to chemical reactions at very low pressures. The final chapters discuss the radiation as an important factor in chemical action and the mechanism of the catalytic action of platinum in the reactions between hydrogen and oxygen. This book is of value to physical chemists and physical chemistry researchers.

  • Structure of Matter

    With Contributions in Memoriam Including a Complete Bibliography of His Works
    • 1st Edition
    • C. Guy Suits
    • English
    The Collected Works of Irving Langmuir: Volume 6, Structure of Matter deals with the research work of Irving Langmuir in the field of thermionics, gaseous discharge, and on the structure of atoms with emphasis on valence. Some of the paper he writes on the subject of atomic structure are: "The Structure of Atoms and the Octet Theory of Valence," "The Arrangement of Electrons in Atoms and Molecules," and "The Octet Theory of Valence and its Applications with Special Reference to Organic Nitrogen Compounds." He challenges the complexities of valence theory and atomic structure, leading to a complete change of the theoretical structure of the subject of chemistry. Langmuir also works on molecules and crystalline structures, and applies the structures of crystals to check and confirm his own theories on molecular structure. His assumption that "the force between molecules in contact can be considered as caused by a surface energy proportional to the area over which the molecules are in contact" provides a solid foundation for explaining the properties of many chemical substances. Chemists, students, academicians, scientists, and general readers interested in the lives of great men in science will find this book very informative.

  • Energy Changes in Biochemical Reactions

    • 1st Edition
    • Irving M. Klotz
    • English
    Energy Changes in Biochemical Reactions outlines some of the principles of classical and of molecular-statistica... energetics. An effort has been made to delineate clearly the axioms of each of these branches of energetics and to show how some of the theorems may be developed from these axioms. Finally, some of the ideas of energetic have been applied to a few biochemical problems to illustrate the types of insight which this branch of science provides for understanding and predicting. It is hoped that a reader who has conscientiously worked his way through this volume will acquire not only a cocktail-party knowledge of thermodynamics but will be able to apply it to some simple biochemical or chemical reactions.

  • Advances in Chemotheraphy

    Volume 1
    • 1st Edition
    • Abraham Goldin + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Chemotherapy, Volume 1 presents the significant progress both in theoretical and experimental aspects in the various disciplines comprising chemotherapy field. This volume is divided into nine chapters, and begins with an introduction to the historical developments in chemotherapy. The subsequent chapters deal with the nature, use, and limitations of drug predictive systems and the experimental results concerning the trypanocidal activity of phenanthridine and aminoquinaldine. These topics are followed by discussions on chemoprophylaxis and chemotherapy of tumor viruses, the antitumor activity of alkaloidal substances from Vinca rosea plant, and the correlation between inhibitory activity in mammalian cell assays and experimental antitumor activity. A chapter considers the interplay of immune mechanisms and drugs in the clinical and veterinary aspects of antiparasitic chemotherapy. The final chapters look into some of the pharmacological, therapeutic, and biochemical bases for the combined actions of drugs, with special emphasis on the combination chemotherapy of cancer and factors which may influence its effectiveness. These chapters also describe the concept of using inhibitors in chemotherapy. This book will prove useful to oncologists and other workers in the medical profession with background of chemotherapy.

  • Aromatics and the Soul

    A Study of Smells
    • 1st Edition
    • Dan McKenzie
    • English
    Aromatics and the Soul: A Study of Smells provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of the olfactory system, particularly in human beings. This book discusses the intimate connection between the sense of smell and the nerve centers which, when stimulated, evoke the feeling of nausea in the mind. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the importance and role of olfaction in public health. This text then examines the olfactory development in lower animals. Other chapters consider the anatomical structure and the physiological action of the sense of smell. This book discusses as well the effect of odor on the mind and the olfactory influences in folklore, religion, and history. The final chapter deals with the various theories of the sense of olfaction. This book is a valuable resource for laryngologists, medical practitioners, and etymologists.

  • Cloud Nucleation

    With Contributions in Memoriam Including a Complete Bibliography of His Works
    • 1st Edition
    • C. Guy Suits
    • English
    The Collected Works of Irving Langmuir, Volume 11: Cloud Nucleation presents the papers written by Dr. Irving Langmuir on the study of artificial nucleation of clouds to produce precipitation. The compilation provides the study of every possible aspect of cloud and weather modification. This volume contains chapters that are devoted to the discussion of such subjects as the nucleation of clouds with dry ice; the analysis of photographic data showing the effects produced by supercooled clouds with ice nuclei; the production of rain by a chain reaction in cumulus clouds at temperatures above freezing; nucleation of clouds with silver iodide; and basic discoveries underlying weather modification. Meteorologists will find the book interesting and invaluable.

  • Heat Transfer—Incandescent Tungsten

    With Contributions in Memoriam Including a Complete Bibliography of His Works
    • 1st Edition
    • C. Guy Suits
    • English

  • Introduction to Chemical Nomenclature

    • 5th Edition
    • R. S. Cahn + 1 more
    • English
    Introduction to Chemical Nomenclature: Fifth Edition delves into the nomenclature, the system of how names or terms are formed, of different compounds. The book covers the development of chemical nomenclature; the nomenclature of different ions, salts, and compounds under inorganic chemistry; the principles involved in the nomenclature of organic compounds including hydrocarbons and heterocycles; and special features and functional groups. The selection also covers natural products such as carbohydrates, lipids, steroids, amino acids and nucleic acids, alkaloids, and peptides, as well as the miscellaneous chemical nomenclature, which includes organometallic and isotopically modified compounds and polymers. The text is a good reference for students who have trouble in the nomenclature of different chemical substances and those who want to study the principles behind the chemical nomenclature.

  • Organic Chemistry

    An Introductory Course
    • 1st Edition
    • H. Lowther
    • English
    Organic Chemistry: An Introductory Course is an introductory textbook that covers the significant developments in organic chemistry. This book is composed of 20 chapters that particularly focus on the basic, physico-chemical principles and reactions. The first 10 chapters explore the classification, physico-chemical properties, analysis, and reactions of numerous organic compounds, including aliphatic compounds, aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ethers, and acid derivatives. The subsequent three chapters describe the optical activity, stereoisomerism, biological significance, and industrial applications of these group compounds. Other chapters deal with the reactions and applications of other organic compounds, such as aromatic, nitro, phenol, benzaldehyde, and benzoic acid. The remaining two chapters emphasize the determination of molecular and structural formula of organic compounds. This book is of value to undergraduate organic chemistry students with advanced level course.

  • Paper and Thin Layer Chromatography

    • 4th Edition
    • Ivor Smith + 1 more
    • English
    Chromatographic & Electrophoretic Techniques, Fourth Edition, Volume I: Paper and Thin Layer Chromatography presents the methods of paper and thin layer chromatography. This book discusses the practical approach in the application of paper and thin layer chromatography techniques in the biological sciences. Organized into 18 chapters, this edition begins with an overview of the clinical aspects related to the detection of those metabolic diseases that can result in serious illness presenting in infancy and early childhood. This text then discusses the three major types of screening for inherited metabolic disorders in which paper or thin-layer chromatography are being used, including screening the healthy newborn population, screening the sick hospitalized child, and screening mentally retarded patients. Other chapters consider the procedures for thin layer chromatography. This book discusses as well the complexity of amino acid mixtures present in natural products. The final chapter deals with the detection of synthetic basic drugs. This book is a valuable resource for chemists and toxicologists.

  • Substoichiometry in Radiochemical Analysis

    International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry
    • 1st Edition
    • Jaromír Růžička + 1 more
    • M. Williams
    • English
    Substoichiometry in Radiochemical Analysis considers application of simple chemistry than the use of complicated instrumentation in studying radiochemical analysis. This book is divided into nine chapters; the first chapter gives an introduction to the content of this monograph. This text then examines the neutron-activation and isotope-dilution analyses, complemented with the general technique and preliminary experiments. Specifically, this book provides the methods for the substoichiometric determination of traces of various elements by the neutron-activation and isotope-dilution analyses. Copper, mercury, gallium, gold, and zinc are some of the elements featured in this particular topic. This topic is followed by the discussion on the analysis of radioactive materials. This text also tackles the automation and comparison with other radiometric methods of substoichiometric analysis, as well as trends in substoichiometry. This book will be helpful for those concerned with substoichiometry, especially those who need a book that presents non-complicated study of the subject.

  • Synthesis of Optically Active Alpha-Amino Acids

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 7
    • R. M. Williams
    • Patrick Perlmutter
    • English
    The purpose of this book is to review and critically evaluate the best new methods to synthesize alpha-amino acids in optically active form. There is so much new literature on amino acid synthesis that the experimentalist will undoubtedly have difficulty in selecting the most appropriate methodology for constructing the amino acid of immediate interest. This book is a guide for steering the scientist through the maze of existing reports on the subject and contains the most up-to-date critical reviews of methods of asymmetric synthesis of amino acids. In areas that are relatively new conceptually and less studied experimentally, an effort has been made to review the most salient works with an eye towards future development. Over 330 schemes and figures are presented with references for rapid visual retrieval of information. The book will be of great value to academic and industrial organic research chemists, especially those concerned with medicinal and agricultural chemistry, as well as to graduate and post graduate students, biochemists and biologists.

  • Macromolecular Chemistry—8

    Plenary and Main Lectures Presented at the International Symposium on Macromolecules Held in Helsinki, Finland, 2—7 July 1972
    • 1st Edition
    • K. Saarela
    • English
    Macromolecular Chemistry—8 focuses on the molecular configuration of polymers, charge-transfer complexes, polymerization reactions, molecular weight fractionation, and polymer systems. The selection first offers information on molecular configuration in bulk polymers and control of monomer reactivity in copolymerization. Discussions focus on thermodynamic behavior of concentrated polymer solutions; direct measurement of molecular dimensions; and modification of monomer reactivity in radical copolymerization. The book also ponders on non-equimolar compositions from comonomer charge-transfer complexes and preparation of oligomers with functional end groups by polymerization reactions. The text examines cooperative interactions of complementary synthetic macromolecules in solutions and molecular weight fractionation on the basis of solubility. Topics include interactions of chemically complementary molecules and conformational transitions and methods for evaluating the molecular size distribution of the original polymer. The book also tackles alkylaluminium compounds in carbenium ion polymerization and thermodynamics of multicomponent polymer systems. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in the molecular configuration of polymers, complexes, and polymer systems.

  • Colloidal Surfactants

    Some Physicochemical Properties
    • 1st Edition
    • Kozo Shinoda + 2 more
    • Ernest M. Loebl
    • English
    Colloidal Surfactants: Some Physicochemical Properties focuses on the study of surface active agents. This book elaborates the importance of surface active agents in detergency, textile industry, and biological research. The four distinctive features of the substance—moderate maximum concentration of molecularly dispersed species; surface and interfacial depression in very dilute solution; micelle formation above a certain concentration; and solubilization of water-insoluble substances by micelles, are also described. Other topics include the effect of molecular type on the critical micelle concentration, critical micelle concentration, interaction of paraffin chain electrolytes with colloids, and monolayer studies of surface active agents. This publication is suitable for chemists and specialists researching on colloidal surfactants.

  • The Determination of Impurities in Nuclear Grade Sodium Metal

    • 1st Edition
    • Louis Silverman
    • R. Belcher + 1 more
    • English
    International Series of Monographs in Analytical Chemistry, Volume 44: The Determination of Impurities in Nuclear Grade Sodium Metal (and Related Sodium Compounds) provides analytical chemical procedures for the determination of impurities in nuclear grade sodium metal. This book is composed of 25 chapters, and begins with a presentation of the methods for dissolving, bulk separation, sampling, and handling of sodium metal. The rest of the book describes the procedures for impurity determination in nuclear grade sodium metals, including aluminum, bismuth, boron, cadmium, calcium, magnesium, carbon, cesium, and chloride. Other impurities considered include chromium, cobalt, copper, hydrogen, iodine, iron, lead, lithium, manganese, nickel, oxide, oxygen, and phosphorus. The last chapters examine the procedures for determination of potassium, silicon, sulfur, and uranium impurities. This book is of value to analytical and inorganic chemists.

  • Spectrometric Techniques

    Volume II
    • 1st Edition
    • George A. Vanasse
    • English
    Spectrometric Techniques, Volume II provides information pertinent to vacuum ultraviolet techniques to complete the demonstration of the diversity of methods available to the spectroscopist interested in the ultraviolet visible and infrared spectral regions. This book discusses the specific aspects of the technique of Fourier transform spectroscopy. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the large number of systematic effects in the recording of an interferogram. This text then examines the design approach for a Fourier transform spectrometer with focus on optics. Other chapters provide a brief background to outline the scientific usefulness of Fourier spectrometers and present a calculation giving the optical path difference required to solve a Doppler-broadened spectral feature. This book discusses as well the importance of good mechanical design to minimize sampling error contributions by mechanical mechanisms and resonances. The final chapter deals with photon counting techniques to measure dispersed radiation. This book is a valuable resource for spectroscopists.

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