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Elsevier

Books in Life sciences

  • Engineered Nanomaterials for Agricultural Sustainability

    Current Status, Methods, and Future Strategies
    • 1st Edition
    • Sanghamitra Majumdar + 1 more
    • English
    Engineered Nanomaterials for Agricultural Sustainability: Current Status, Methods, and Future Strategies offers an in-depth exploration of how nanotechnology is transforming agriculture by enhancing crop productivity and environmental sustainability. The book addresses the bottleneck between the development and the implementation of nanotechnology in agriculture, focusing on the knowledge gaps related to environmental fate, standardization of characterization methods, mechanism of biological interaction, safety concerns, and the lack of consensus in regulatory guidelines.A volume in the Nanomaterial-Plant Interactions series, Engineered Nanomaterials for Agricultural Sustainability covers the design and application of nanomaterials for critical agricultural applications, such as nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, soil remediation, and nutrient management. It discusses key considerations regarding the fate and transport of the nano-enabled agrochemicals for their safe and effective commercialization. Subject matter experts provide comprehensive insights into the characterization techniques for studying nanomaterials in an agricultural context and advancements in understanding their mechanism of action and toxicity using multi-omics tools. The chapters present the latest research alongside regulatory challenges, offering a structured approach that enables readers to design nanomaterials for specific agricultural applications while avoiding undesirable impacts.With a strong focus on sustainability, this volume provides a roadmap for responsible and effective implementation of nanotechnology in agriculture. It will be a go-to reference for those looking to harness nanomaterials to enhance agricultural productivity and ensure food security.

  • Insights into Migraine Treatments

    Towards Personalized Medicine
    • 1st Edition
    • Massimo Filippi + 1 more
    • English
    Insights into Migraine Treatments offers a comprehensive overview to guide the selection of the most appropriate therapy for each patient within the landscape of migraine care. It explores the full spectrum of available treatments and their mechanisms of action, while addressing the challenges of individualized therapeutic decision-making. By presenting essential data on efficacy, safety, and biomarkers of treatment response, this book serves as a practical resource for tailoring interventions to patient-specific needs. With its solution-oriented approach, it is a valuable reference for clinicians and researchers striving to advance migraine management.Covering topics from the clinical characteristics of migraine to acute therapies, pharmacological and nonpharmacological preventive strategies, and clinical, neuroimaging, and neurophysiological biomarkers, this book is designed to meet the complex and evolving needs of migraine patients.

  • Fundamentals of Cost-Efficient AI

    In Healthcare and Biomedicine
    • 1st Edition
    • Rohit Kumar
    • English
    Fundamentals of Cost-Efficient AI: In Healthcare and Biomedicine provides a comprehensive yet accessible introduction to the principles of designing, training, and deploying efficient artificial intelligence systems. It explains the theory behind cost-aware machine learning and data mining and examines methods across deep learning, graph neural networks (GNNs), transformer architectures, diffusion models, reinforcement learning, and knowledge distillation.The book covers fine-tuning and compression techniques such as low-rank adaptation (LoRA), parameter-efficient fine-tuning (PEFT), adapter-based tuning, pruning, and quantization. It also explores inference acceleration through Flash Attention, prefill optimization, and speculative decoding, and explains how mixture-of-experts (MoE) architectures can scale models efficiently across GPUs and edge devices.To build a strong conceptual understanding, the text introduces fundamentals of GPU architecture, matrix multiplication, memory hierarchies, and parallelization strategies, helping readers develop an intuition for optimizing training and inference pipelines.While applicable across domains, the book places special emphasis on healthcare and biomedicine, where efficient AI can reduce costs and improve diagnostics, precision medicine, and clinical decision support. Real-world case studies and interviews with experts from organizations such as Google and Microsoft provide practical insights into building scalable healthcare AI systems. Aimed at graduate students, researchers, clinicians, biomedical engineers, data scientists, and AI practitioners, this book bridges algorithmic principles with applied implementation.

  • Covid-19

    The First Six Months
    • 1st Edition
    • Stephan Bullard
    • English
    Covid-19: The First Six Months presents a day-by-day chronicle of the pandemic’s opening phase, capturing the epidemiological, medical, social, and cultural impacts of a rapidly unfolding global crisis. Drawing on a dataset of approximately 3,600 news reports, medical updates, and academic papers—collected in real-time between January and June 2020—this book offers an unparalleled level of detail and precision. Beginning with retrospectively sourced coverage of events prior to January 2020, it traces the earliest signals of the outbreak and follows its progression across continents, documenting how governments, health systems, and communities responded to a threat unlike any in recent history.Each entry preserves the immediacy of the moment, reflecting the uncertainty, urgency, and evolving understanding that shaped decisions in the pandemic’s first half-year. Modeled after the author’s earlier work, A Day-by-Day Chronicle of the 2013–2016 Ebola Outbreak (Bullard, 2018), this volume provides both a comprehensive timeline and a rich, indexed source base for researchers. The references included form an extensive archive of early-pandemic sources, making it a unique and indispensable resource for those studying Covid-19, public health, epidemiology, and the history of disease.

  • Animal Models of Neurological Conditions

    A Reference Guide for Neuroscience Researchers and Trainees
    • 1st Edition
    • Jacob Raber
    • English
    Animal Models of Neurological Conditions informs about novel animal models and their unique strengths and limitations in the research of neurological conditions. It demonstrates the importance of animal models’ abilities to replicate only aspects of a given neurological condition and highlights the value of these animal models in increasing human brain function in afflicted patients. This book, comprised of thirteen chapters discusses various animal models and research methods for mental health, neurodevelopmental disorders, addiction, age-related neurodegenerative conditions, and viruses affecting brain function. Although developed with neuroscience researchers and trainees involved in pre-clinical and clinical research in mind, neurologists and other treatment professionals caring for patients with neurological conditions will also find value in this detailed resource.This is an invaluable resource for neuroscience researchers, trainees, and healthcare professionals.

  • Neuromonitoring Techniques

    Quick Guide for Clinicians and Residents
    • 2nd Edition
    • Hemanshu Prabhakar
    • English
    Neuromonitoring Techniques: Quick Guide for Clinicians and Residents, Second Edition continues to be the comprehensive resource designed to equip healthcare professionals with essential knowledge for effective patient care. This revised edition introduces new chapters that delve into cutting-edge areas of neuromonitoring, including Clinical Neuromonitoring, providing insights into real-world applications, Electroencephalogram... unraveling the intricacies of brain activity monitoring, and Brain Ultrasound, exploring the latest advancements in non-invasive imaging techniques. From the fundamentals in the Introduction to Neuromonitoring Techniques to advanced topics such as Cognitive Function Monitoring and Functional Neuroimaging, each chapter is precisely crafted to offer a quick yet thorough understanding of the respective techniques. Whether you are a seasoned clinician seeking to stay abreast of the latest advancements or a resident looking to build a strong foundation, this revised edition provides an accessible guide to the diverse realm of neuromonitoring.

  • Nanotherapeutics Combating Microbial Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance

    Volume 2 - Nanotheranostics, Microbial Infections, and Antimicrobial Resistance
    • 1st Edition
    • Divakar Sharma + 1 more
    • English
    Nanotherapeutics Combating Microbial Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance: Volume Two, Nanotheranostics, Microbial Infections, and Antimicrobial Resistance delves into the innovative use of nanotechnology to tackle antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and treat bacterial infections. The second volume of this series showcases cutting-edge nano-based solutions developed to overcome multi-drug resistant pathogens, offering insights from leading experts. This book is an essential resource for researchers, academics, students, industry professionals, and clinicians in fields related to microbiology, infectious diseases, and nanotechnology, providing a comprehensive overview of the latest advancements in the fight against bacterial infections.Other noteworthy highlights of this book include contributions from experts, informative references, and emerging technologies aimed at both treating and preventing the progression of bacterial infections. This volume is particularly valuable for those interested in the intersection of nanotechnology and healthcare.

  • Cell Physiology Sourcebook

    • 5th Edition
    • F. Javier Alvarez-Leefmans + 1 more
    • English
    Written by leading experts in the field, the fifth edition of the Cell Physiology Sourcebook, Fifth Edition offers a critical, comprehensive, and multidisciplinary overview of essential aspects of cell physiology and biophysics, spanning from bacterial and archaeal cells to mammalian cells and tissues. The present edition incorporates new molecular insights without losing the integrative perspective of cell physiology and biophysics, as well as its foundational concepts. Our target readers are advanced students and researchers interested in understanding how cells work.The history of this book goes back to Hugh Davson’s classic A Textbook of General Physiology, which reached its fourth and last edition in 1970. The successor of this influential work was Cell Physiology Sourcebook, first published in 1995 and edited by the late Professor Nicholas Sperelakis, with a foreword written by Davson. At that time, the knowledge of molecular and cell physiology became so vast that a single author's work, like its predecessor, was materially impossible. Professor Sperelakis, for whom we dedicate the present edition, put together an impressive volume with the contribution of various experts in fundamental areas of the field until the 4th edition, published in 2012, one year before his death. This book's success and the gap it fills motivated the present editors to continue this project, updating the entire book to reflect new developments.

  • The Handbook of Non-Invasive Transcranial Brain Stimulation in the Cognitive Domain

    Methods, Psychophysiology, Neuroenhancement and Therapeutic Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 34
    • Vincent Van Waes + 4 more
    • English
    The Handbook of Non-Invasive Transcranial Brain Stimulation in the Cognitive Domain: Methods, Psychophysiology, Neuroenhancement and Therapeutic Applications presents the latest scientific insights and technological advancements in the field of noninvasive transcranial brain stimulation (NIBS) within the cognitive domain. This comprehensive volume reviews published research and explores future directions for the use of NIBS techniques, in particular repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and low-intensity transcranial electrical stimulation (tDCS, tACS), to study and modulate human cognition as well as to treat various psychiatric and neurological disorders from a neurocognitive perspective. By integrating findings from preclinical animal studies, modeling approaches, and research, this book sheds light on the neurobiological mechanisms underlying cognitive processes and neuroplasticity. It provides a detailed analysis of how NIBS affects psychophysiology and cognitive performance in healthy populations while offering insights into its therapeutic potential for patients with cognitive impairments across a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders.This handbook offers an unparalleled gateway to the dynamic and rapidly advancing field of neuromodulation and serves as an essential resource for researchers, clinicians, students, and policymakers.

  • Genetic Testing in Breast Cancer

    Innovations in Diagnosis and Treatment
    • 1st Edition
    • Manzoor Ahmad Mir
    • English
    Genetic Testing in Breast Cancer: Innovations in Diagnosis and Treatment addresses the urgent need for novel, minimally invasive diagnostic techniques to accurately identify breast cancer early and monitor treatment efficacy, focusing particularly on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). This comprehensive volume analyzes the latest research and developments in genetic testing, covering strategies like next-generation sequencing and the Sanger method. It highlights their potential to revolutionize early diagnosis and personalized treatment plans. The book also discusses challenges and opportunities, providing insights into hereditary mutations, genetic counseling, and clinical practice integration.Serving as a valuable resource for students, researchers, oncologists, pharmacologists, and healthcare professionals, it includes preclinical and clinical case studies that illustrate the practical applications of genetic testing for various breast cancer subtypes, including TNBC and HER2-positive breast cancer. The editors aim to advance treatment and improve patient outcomes through cutting-edge genetic testing techniques.

  • The Marmoset Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates

    • 2nd Edition
    • George Paxinos + 3 more
    • English
    The first edition of The Marmoset Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates (2012) was fundamental in the rapid establishment of this species as the preferred non-human primate in neuroscience research, with the atlas delineations having been adopted by all major projects using marmosets. Now, the second edition gives us the opportunity to capture 14 years of progress and introduce major enhancements:What is new in the 2nd Edition?For the first time sagittal and horizontal planes are included based on the computational average of 20 brains.For the first time cortical layers are identified.For the first time major divisions of the white matter are identified on the basis of Marmoset Brain Mapping Project (https://marmosetbra... (Liu et al., 2020).Cortical and subcortical delineations are thoroughly updated to reflect advances over the last 14 years.

  • Reconstructive Transplantation and Regenerative Surgery

    The New Frontier
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • Vijay Gorantla + 2 more
    • English
    Reconstructive Transplantation and Regenerative Surgery: The New Frontier is the third volume in the Regenerative and Transplant Medicine Series. This volume captures a decade of transformative progress at the intersection of reconstructive transplantation, regenerative medicine, and tissue engineering—fields that have begun to converge into a bold new frontier: regenerative surgery. Coedited by internationally recognized leaders in the field, this authoritative work explores cutting-edge advances that are redefining the possibilities for patients with complex tissue loss and functional deficits.Through comprehensive and original chapters written by global experts, this book charts the latest innovations in vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA), graft immunomodulation, neurogeneration and diagnostics, ischemia mitigation and tissue preservation, and tissue engineering and biomaterials.Compreh... in scope and visionary in approach, Reconstructive Transplantation and Regenerative Surgery: The New Frontier is an essential resource for surgeons, researchers, biomedical engineers, and clinicians.

  • Plant Proteins

    Farm to Table
    • 1st Edition
    • Dilek Uzunalioglu + 2 more
    • English
    Plant Proteins: Farm to Table addresses all aspects of plant proteins, including plant science, chemistry, processing, formulations, nutrition, and trends. This important reference also covers cereal and pulse plant-based and soy proteins and presents protein extraction and processing techniques, as well as ingredient principles and their application in formulating plant-based products, from ingredient interactions to processing to measurement science, including sensory. The book addresses not only the different types of plant proteins and their nutritional aspects but also plant protein processing and ingredients and formulating plant proteins to develop plant-based foods.It will be a welcomed addition to the libraries of food technologists, research scientists, product developers, process engineers, students and educators.

  • Harnessing Endogenous Mechanisms for Targeted Drug Delivery

    • 1st Edition
    • Anisha A. D’Souza + 2 more
    • English
    Harnessing Endogenous Mechanisms for Targeted Drug Delivery presents a comprehensive exploration of the evolving landscape of targeted drug delivery, emphasizing the strategic utilization of the body's intrinsic biological pathways. This authoritative two-volume reference addresses the critical need for precision in therapeutic delivery, overcoming physiological, anatomical, and immunological barriers through innovative endogenous mechanisms. By integrating foundational concepts with advanced methodologies, the work underscores the transition from traditional passive and active targeting to sophisticated endogenous strategies that enhance drug specificity and efficacy.The text systematically examines the multifaceted challenges inherent in drug delivery, including detailed analyses of in vivo barriers such as the blood-tumor barrier, blood-brain barrier, ocular, pulmonary, and gastrointestinal obstacles, as well as cellular and intracellular impediments. It further elucidates endogenous stimuli-responsive systems, nutrient transporter exploitation, glyco-targeting, and stealth peptide modifications. Comprehensive coverage extends to drug conjugates, protein corona phenomena, and cell-based delivery platforms encompassing stem cells, leukocytes, erythrocytes, and platelets. The series also addresses extracellular vesicles, viral vectors, and plant virus-based carriers, culminating in critical discussions on manufacturing complexities, regulatory considerations, and clinical translation challenges.This definitive resource is indispensable for graduate students, postdoctoral researchers, and professionals in academia and industry engaged in targeted drug delivery research and development. By providing an in-depth understanding of endogenous targeting mechanisms and their translational potential, the book fosters innovation and supports the advancement of precision therapeutics with the goal of improving patient outcomes.

  • Microbial Stress Survival

    • 1st Edition
    • Ashutosh Kumar
    • English
    Microbial Stress Survival explores the diversity of microbes, the microbe-host relationship, and the various strategies employed by microbes that enable them to adapt to stressful environments and persist in hostile conditions. The book aims to cover critical pathogen biology, microbial adaptation and survival strategies, and the impact of microbial resilience on therapeutic efforts. Topics include the modulation of host pathways by pathogens for their adaptation and survival; their drug tolerance and antimicrobial resistance; role of proteins in microbial stress survival; and evolutionary adaptative mechanisms of extremophiles. Microbial Stress Survival is an insightful resource for those interested in pathogen biology and the different adaptive features and resilience of microbes.

  • Synergistic Plant Metabolomics and Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms in Addressing Abiotic Stress

    • 1st Edition
    • Naeem Khan + 1 more
    • English
    Synergistic Plant Metabolomics and Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms in Addressing Abiotic Stress unveils the latest advancements in understanding how plants respond to environmental pressures. By unraveling the complexities of metabolic pathways affected by abiotic stresses and highlighting the pivotal role of PGPMs in enhancing plant resilience, this book provides a comprehensive exploration of these intricate relationships. Recent advancements in plant sciences, metabolomics, and microbiology have deepened our understanding of the interconnected functions of metabolites and growth-promoting microorganisms in plant resilience and the role of microorganism in altering plant metabolome under environmental stresses. The book consolidates this emerging knowledge into an accessible volume, offering a holistic view of how plant metabolomics and microbial interactions contribute to plant adaptation under abiotic stresses. Aimed at researchers and practitioners, the book translates scientific findings into both research inspiration and practical applications for professionals and advanced students in plant science, agriculture, biotechnology, and related fields, addressing tangible strategies for improving plant and crop resilience and productivity.

  • Drug Metabolism in Diseases

    Leveraging Drug Metabolism and Disposition in Precision Medicine and Therapeutic Development
    • 2nd Edition
    • Wen Xie
    • English
    Drug Metabolism in Diseases: Leveraging Drug Metabolism and Disposition in Precision Medicine and Therapeutic Development, Second Edition provides essential knowledge for pharmaceutical scientists and biologists to understand the interplay between diseases and physiological conditions, impacting drug metabolism and its implications in personalized treatment. Expanded with six new chapters since the first edition, this updated book covers the latest scientific findings. Other important points include the book’s comprehensive reference on mutual effects between drug metabolism and diseases, implications in precision medicine, and therapeutic development. Pharmaceutical scientists, drug metabolism researchers, and research physicians will benefit from the expert insights provided.

  • Endotoxin in Critical Illness

    • 1st Edition
    • John Kellum + 1 more
    • English
    Endotoxin in Critical Illness intricately explores the theme of endotoxin and sepsis through the lenses of basic, clinical, and translational science. This work consolidates and synthesizes novel clinical insights and groundbreaking scientific discoveries into one comprehensive resource on endotoxic septic shock and sheds light on cutting-edge approaches in treatment. Beginning with a historical journey, the book traces the evolution of understanding from ancient concepts to modern molecular insights. It covers the physiological aspects of endotoxin sensitivity, tolerance, and human response variation. The crucial role of the gut microbiome in critical illness serves as a translational link between foundational science and clinical implications, and the complex language of bacterial communication is introduced, merging basic science with potential translational applications. In the clinical arena, chapters cover the critical role of endotoxin in septic shock, trauma, and its relevance in COVID-19, providing a translational bridge between laboratory findings and real-world clinical scenarios. The historical context of anti-endotoxin drug development is revisited, emphasizing the translational challenges faced in bridging basic science discoveries to clinical applications. The discussion on quantifying endotoxin concentration as well as the exploration of therapeutic rationale and clinical experiences with endotoxin removal therapy serve as a culmination of basic understanding translated into practical applications. The book concludes by contemplating the complexity of sepsis and acknowledging the challenges in achieving personalized medicine and underscoring the dynamic nature of the translational journey. In essence, this comprehensive exploration provides clinicians, researchers, and scientists with a holistic understanding of endotoxin and sepsis and potential advancements in patient care.

  • Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration

    Bridging Research and Clinical Practice
    • 1st Edition
    • Wen Zeng + 2 more
    • English
    Stem Cells and Tissue Regeneration: Bridging Research and Clinical Practice delves into the latest advancements in the dynamic field of tissue regeneration. This comprehensive book begins with an introduction that reviews stem cell classifications, characteristics, functions, and their integral relationship with tissue regeneration. This first section offers readers a solid foundation and understanding of the book’s scope and significance in contemporary research and clinical applications. Subsequent chapters explore each major organ, including skeletal muscle regeneration and vascular organoids.Additional... the book presents innovative strategies and methods for research, culminating in a forward-looking perspective on the future of tissue regeneration. Authored by experts, it serves as a vital resource for researchers, clinicians, and surgeons involved in tissue repair.

  • Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers

    Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Management, and Preparedness
    • 1st Edition
    • Agiesh Kumar Balakrishna Pillai + 2 more
    • English
    Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, Management, and Preparedness covers the causative agents, outbreaks, and clinical management of emerging and re-emerging viral hemorrhagic fevers. Coverage includes a range of topics from basic virology, epidemiology, and disease pathogenesis of emerging and re-emerging hemorrhagic fever viruses. The book examines host-virus interactions, immune pathogenesis, and recent trends in disease diagnostics. It also covers current state-of-the-art in understanding molecular mechanisms of disease pathogenesis, the potential of molecular markers for disease prognostics, early prediction of disease outcome, advancements in diagnosis and drug development, and strategies in pandemic preparation, mitigation, and responses in public health security.With chapters written and compiled by a team of well-known virologists, clinicians as well as regulatory and public health experts. This book is a comprehensive guide that will help users understand the transmission, pathogenesis, and clinical management of emerging and re-emerging viruses causing hemorrhagic diseases.

  • Smart and Intelligent Food Packaging

    Innovations and Insights
    • 1st Edition
    • Swarna Jaiswal + 2 more
    • English
    Smart and Intelligent Food Packaging: Innovations and Insights, a new volume in the Sustainable Food Packaging series, is a comprehensive guide to the latest developments in the field of packaging technology, with a focus on the integration of smart and intelligent features to enhance product quality, safety, and sustainability. Organized into three sections, the book covers fundamental concepts and technologies as well as real-world applications and case studies, providing readers with a complete understanding of the latest trends and best practices in this rapidly evolving field.With the growing importance of sustainability and increasing demand for sustainable and efficient packaging solutions, this series of books represents a comprehensive guide to navigating this rapidly evolving landscape.

  • Video Health Monitoring in Hospitals

    • 1st Edition
    • Wenjin Wang + 3 more
    • English
    Video Health Monitoring in Hospitals discusses the emergence of camera-based, contactless physiological measurement as a groundbreaking solution in healthcare monitoring. The book highlights the technology's non-invasiveness, capacity for continuous and long-term monitoring, and its ability to capture not only vital signs but also contextual information and behaviors. A unique aspect of this book is its rich set of compelling healthcare applications that will attract broader audiences (including researchers, engineers, clinicians, and students) from multidisciplinary fields.Finally, the book discusses the role of artificial intelligence in enhancing healthcare applications and aims to engage the healthcare industry in adopting this innovative approach to improve patient care and outcomes.

  • Diabetes and Neurodegeneration

    • 1st Edition
    • Debasis Bagchi + 2 more
    • English
    Diabetes and Neurodegeneration unlocks the complex interplay between diabetes and Neurodegeneration, reviewing the relationship between these two prevalent health challenges. This book begins with a simple guide to understanding high blood sugar, tracing the historical milestones of hyperglycemia, and unveiling the primary factors that contribute to diabetes development, from genetic predisposition to lifestyle hazards. The second section aims to bridge the gap between diabetes and dementia, presenting early clinical evidence, case studies, and susceptibility assessments that underscore the strong link between hyperglycemia and neurodegeneration. Biomarkers and pathways connecting these conditions are explored, including the role of Advanced Glycated End (AGE) products and their implications in protein misfolding and aggregation. The narrative extends to therapeutic strategies, evaluating the efficacy of antidiabetic drugs, targeting insulin resistance, and introducing novel interventions to arrest amyloid-associated pathogenesis. This comprehensive guide provides both clinicians and researchers with a thorough understanding of the intricate link between diabetes and neurodegeneration.

  • One Planet, One Health, One Future

    Charting a Course for Global Wellness, Environmental Resilience, and Sustainable Food Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • Ranbir Chander Sobti + 4 more
    • English
    One Planet, One Health, One Future: Charting a Course for Global Wellness, Environmental Resilience, and Sustainable Food Systems provides a comprehensive synthesis of research findings, best practices, and emerging trends across the interconnected fields of health, environment, and agriculture, serving as a valuable reference for those seeking to deepen their understanding of interdisciplinary issues. Chapters explore topics such as precision public health, artificial intelligence in environmental monitoring, and regenerative agriculture practices. The book presents cutting-edge insights and innovative solutions that can inform and inspire the readers and contribute to advancing knowledge in their respective fields. Written by experts in diverse fields such as epidemiology, ecology, agronomy, and public health, the book offers multidimensional insights and perspectives for researchers, policymakers, and practitioners working at the intersection of public health, environmental science, and agricultural studies.

  • Myasthenia Gravis

    Disease, Diagnosis and Management
    • 1st Edition
    • Bhupendra G. Prajapati + 2 more
    • English
    Myasthenia Gravis: Disease, Diagnosis and Management is a comprehensive resource that explores recent advancements in diagnosing and treating Myasthenia Gravis, a rare autoimmune disease affecting the neuromuscular junction. With contributions from global experts, this book addresses the increasing prevalence of Myasthenia Gravis, reflecting the latest in diagnostic techniques and novel therapies such as complement inhibitors and FcRn antagonists. It aims to support healthcare professionals in delivering optimal care through evidence-based insights and patient-centered approaches. The book is divided into several chapters, beginning with an overview of the pathogenesis and immunoregulatory defects in Myasthenia Gravis. Subsequent chapters cover diagnostic methods, non-immunosuppressiv... treatments, and biological therapies targeting the immune system. Key topics include the role of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) and plasma exchange (PLEX) in severe exacerbations, thymectomy, molecular mechanisms, and the potential of hematopoietic stem cell transplants. The book also delves into precision medicine, AI applications, clinical trial considerations, and novel therapeutics like anti-FcRn antibodies. Management strategies for ocular Myasthenia Gravis, and a holistic view of living with the disease are also discussed. Myasthenia Gravis: Disease, Diagnosis and Management is invaluable for healthcare providers, physicians, immunologists, ophthalmologists, rheumatologists, physical therapists, pharmacists, and translators. It offers a modern guide to understanding and managing Myasthenia Gravis, integrating clinical expertise with the latest research to improve patient outcomes.

  • Flavonoids for Plant Development and Stress Tolerance

    • 1st Edition
    • Praveen Guleria + 2 more
    • English
    Flavonoids for Plant Development and Stress Tolerance presents the latest information on the genetic and molecular networks induced by flavonoids that regulate plant and microbe interactions. Covering recent studies, innovations, and future perspectives on flavonoid metabolism, this book explores their role in modulating plant responses to environmental changes, providing valuable insights for current applications and future research directions.Flavonoid... are important secondary metabolites synthesized in plants, known for their antioxidant properties and their role in scavenging oxidative stress markers. While extensively studied in model plants, research on flavonoids in other species remains limited. To fully understand the mechanisms involved in various plant growth phases, it is essential to identify and characterize different flavonoids and their types.This volume offers a comprehensive overview of the diversity of flavonoids, their significance for food security, and the underlying molecular and biochemical mechanisms. It includes detailed descriptions of flavonoid biosynthesis, their functional diversity, and their involvement in plant responses to global climate change. Additionally, the book discusses flavonoid engineering, its status, and its potential to support agricultural sustainability.Focus... on the molecular and biochemical pathways responsible for flavonoid-mediated stress responses, this valuable reference resource aims to deepen understanding of both foundational concepts and recent advancements in flavonoid engineering—ultimate... contributing to the survival, productivity, and sustainability of plants under changing environmental conditions.

  • Emerging Trends in Medical Robotics

    Technologies, Innovations and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Parveen Kumar + 2 more
    • English
    Emerging Trends in Medical Robotics: Technologies, Innovations and Applications, provides an overview of medical robotics, including fundamentals, a bibliometrics review, and essential elements. Other sections delve into emerging technologies such as the Internet of Medical Robots Things (IoMRT), artificial intelligence-driven medical robots, robotic cyber-physical systems, cybersecurity considerations, and the integration of digital twin technology.This book explore various applications of medical robots in surgery, healthcare management, diagnostics imaging, pharmacy and medication dispensing, hospital logistics, ethical considerations, future prospects, and challenges in the field.

  • Handbook of Spinal Anesthesia

    • 1st Edition
    • Craig D. Mcclain + 3 more
    • English
    Handbook of Spinal Anesthesia introduces the theoretical and practical aspects of administering spinal anesthesia. The book's chapters explore the anatomy of the spine and the mechanism of action of a neuraxial block, as well as the pharmacology of local anesthetics in this area. Sections also include guidance for assessing risks on a patient-by-patient basis and feature a range of administration techniques. Information on pre-operative patient care, patient monitoring and post-operative care is also included. The book considers complications and challenges in performing spinal anesthesia and closes with a chapter on recent advances in the field. This book acts as a comprehensive foundation to spinal anesthesia. It is an ideal reference for junior doctors, medical officers, and non-specialist physicians seeking a practical guide to performing spinal anesthesia.

  • A History of Angiogenesis

    Discoveries, Research and the Therapeutic Potential
    • 1st Edition
    • Gianfranco Natale + 2 more
    • English
    A History of Angiogenesis: Discoveries, Research and the Therapeutic Potential presents a recent history of discoveries in the angiogenic field that contribute to the development of the anatomical knowledge of the process, experimental models, and new pharmacological approaches in different angiogenesis-related diseases. This multifaceted book is enriched with deep scientific contents, and each chapter clearly defines historical steps, the emerging role during the years of new morphological findings, molecular pathways, and targets. Focus is also directed on key challenges associated and future directions.The history of angiogenesis research is an intriguing tool for discovering answers to a wide array of queries arising in the biological and medical world. This comprehensive resource skillfully integrates all the key aspects related to angiogenesis, and will be of immense help to students, researchers, and industry experts who want to explore the last two decades of angiogenesis discoveries and research.

  • Carbon Dots in Food Packaging and Preservation

    • 1st Edition
    • Jong Whan Rhim
    • English
    Carbon Dots in Food Packaging and Preservation provides an introduction to carbon dots (CDs) and explores their practical application in food packaging, addressing common challenges such as the need for safer food storage, longer shelf life, and eco-friendly packaging solutions. The book begins with a comprehensive overview of the basic principles of CDs and their unique properties relevant to this industry, such as their ability to fight germs, prevent food spoilage, and shield against harmful UV rays, which are crucial for improving food quality and safety. It then discusses their various applications and practical uses in creating innovative packaging materials, smart packaging systems, and sensors that respond to changes in food quality and counterfeiting, showcasing the potential of CDs in addressing key issues in food packaging technology. This book provides practical insights into the use of CDs for active and intelligent packaging, serving as a valuable resource for scientists, industry professionals, and policymakers seeking sustainable and effective solutions in food packaging practices.

  • RNA Enzymology and Technology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 725
    • English
    RNA Enzymology and Technology, Volume 725 in the Methods in Enzymology series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics such as RNA enzymes in transcription, RNA processing, translation regulation, RNA transcriptase in gene expression regulation, Enzymes Involved in Ribosome Biogenesis and Translation Regulation, In Vitro Transcriptase: Methods for Studying RNA Synthesis, RNA Enzymes in RNA Silencing and Regulation, RNA Silencing Machinery: Mechanisms of RISC and MicroRNA Regulation, Enzymes in RNA-Based Therapeutics, and much more.Other chapters cover Antisense Oligonucleotides (ASOs) and RNase H: Mechanisms and Applications, RNA Enzymes in Targeted Therapeutics: From Bench to Bedside, Enzymes in RNA Sequencing and Analysis, Enzymes in High-Throughput RNA Sequencing: Applications and Challenges, Advanced Techniques and Future Directions, and much more.

  • Frontiers of Cancer Biology

    Current Trends in Cancer Research
    • 1st Edition
    • Devavarapu Kasi Viswa Prasad + 1 more
    • English
    Frontiers of Cancer Biology: Current Trends in Cancer Research presents the latest research in cancer, which is advancing day by day. This book provides an introduction to cancer genetics, as well as the roles of genomic instability, oncogenes, proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, and DNA damage and repair in relation to cancer. It then goes on to discuss viral genomics and cancer, epigenetics and cancer, cancer genetics, gene therapy in precision medicine. Finally, this book reviews the future direction of cancer genetics. Frontiers of Cancer Biology: Current Trends in Cancer Research is a valuable resource for researchers and professionals working in cancer biology, as well as academics that want to keep up to date with the field.

  • Handbook of Pharmaceutical Wet Granulation

    Theory and Practice in a Quality by Design Paradigm
    • 2nd Edition
    • Ajit S. Narang + 1 more
    • English
    Handbook of Pharmaceutical Wet Granulation: Theory and Practice in a Quality by Design Paradigm, Second Edition offers a single and comprehensive reference dedicated to all aspects of pharmaceutical wet granulation, taking a holistic approach by combining introductory principles with practical solutions. Chapters are written by international experts across industry, academic and regulatory settings, and cover a wide spectrum of relevant and contemporary wet granulation topics, techniques and processes. This completely revised and updated edition features five new chapters covering new AI tools applied to scaling up granulation processes, model drive design, machine learning models for granule property prediction, design and scale up of fluid bed granulation, and process analytical methods. This book is the prefect reference for pharmaceutical manufacturing professionals. Academic researchers will benefit from the practical advice provided by the editors and chapter authors.

  • DNA in Health, Identity, and Ancestry

    • 1st Edition
    • Hisham Atan Edinur + 2 more
    • English
    DNA in Health, Identity and Ancestry examines the human genome and advances in molecular techniques in relation to their value in health, genetic ancestry, and forensic DNA. This book systematically presents these three areas, providing new insights into recent developments in these fields, including gene editing, ancestral fraction determination, and DNA profiling. It covers the latest advances in molecular biology to understand the pertinent issues in these areas. DNA in Health, Identity and Ancestry provides an introduction to human genomes, and then delves into health, forensics and ancestry across 36 chapters. Each section is concluded with practical case studies to demonstrate the application of the principles discussed in each respective section. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, practitioners, and postgraduate students in biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics. It not only provides them with fundamental knowledge on genetics, diseases, population genetics and forensic DNA, but also presents advances, technical operational standards, analytical tools and recent developments in these respective areas.

  • Systems Biology in Crop Improvement

    Emerging Tools and Technologies
    • 1st Edition
    • Tariq Aftab
    • English
    Systems Biology in Crop Improvement offers a detailed overview of how principles and methodologies from systems biology are transforming crop research and breeding. This volume, part of the Systems Biology in Agriculture and Plant Sciences series, explores the integration of omics technologies, computational modeling, and high-throughput phenotyping to deepen our understanding of plant responses and traits.Addressing the urgent challenge of feeding a growing global population, the book emphasizes how systems biology enables insights into molecular, genetic, and environmental interactions that influence a crop’s traits and performance. It discusses applications ranging from stress resilience—abiotic and biotic—to nutrient use efficiency, nutritional enhancement, and quality markers. The volume highlights innovative strategies such as genomic editing and synthetic biology, and how these advances can be translated into practical breeding programs.Bringing together contributions from leading researchers and practitioners, Systems Biology in Crop Improvement aims to inspire new collaborations, innovations, and discoveries, ultimately contributing to a more sustainable and robust food system for future generations.

  • Side Effects of Drugs Annual

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 47
    • English
    Side Effects of Drugs Annual: A Worldwide Yearly Survey of New Data in Adverse Drug Reactions, Volume 47, first published in 1977, presents clinicians and medical investigators with a critical survey of new data and trends in adverse drug reactions and interactions. Topics covered include ADRs, ADEs and SEDs: A Bird’s Eye View, Lithium, Drugs of abuse, Side effects of drugs used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, Sedatives and hypnotics, Antipsychotic agents, Anti-epileptic Medications, Side effects of opioid analgesics and narcotic antagonists, Anti-inflammatory and antipyretic analgesics and drugs used in gout, Side effects of local anesthetics and therapeutic gases, and more.Other sections covered include Antihistamines (H1 receptor antagonists), Drugs that act on the respiratory tract, Positive inotropic drugs and drugs used in dysrhythmias, Beta adrenergic antagonists and antianginal drugs, Drugs acting on the cerebral and peripheral circulations, Antihypertensive drugs, and much much more.

  • Non-pharmacological Interventions for Age-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 298
    • English
    Non-pharmacological Interventions for Age-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Volume 297 in the Progress in Brain Research series, highlights new advances in the field, with this new volume presenting interesting chapters on topics such as Introduction to Age-Related Cognitive Behavioral Changes, The Science Behind Non-Pharmacological Interventions, Cognitive Stimulation Therapy: Enhancing Memory and Mental Function, Mindfulness and Meditation: Promoting Emotional and Cognitive Health, Music and Art Therapy: Creative Approaches to Healing, and much more.Other sections cover Physical Activity: The Brain-Body Connection, The Science Behind Reminiscence Therapy: The Healing Power of Memory, The Role of Caregivers: Providing Compassionate and Effective Care, Ethical Considerations in Non-pharmacological Interventions, and Technology-Assisted Interventions for Neuropsychiatric Disorders.

  • Fundamentals and Applications of Nanobiotechnology

    • 1st Edition
    • Basanta Kumara Behera
    • English
    Fundamentals and Applications of Nanobiotechnology offers a discussion on the integration of nanotechnology and biotechnology research and the industrial potential of nanobiotechnology across diverse sectors, such as the medical sciences, agriculture, cosmetics, and food sciences. Topics include the significance of biological nanoparticles, the different types of bionanoparticles, their structural interactions with biological systems, mechanisms of nanoparticle entry, and their applications in drug development, food sciences, agriculture, and cosmetics. Additionally, the book addresses the challenges, perspectives, and ethical considerations surrounding nanobiotechnology, offering a holistic view of the field's potential impact on society and the environment.Through detailed discussions and practical insights, this book serves as a resource for researchers, industry professionals, and students seeking to navigate the complexities of designing, commercializing, and utilizing nanobiotechnology-ba... products across various industries.

  • Nanotechnology Applications for the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Treatment of Fungal Diseases

    • 1st Edition
    • Virendra Gajbhiye + 2 more
    • English
    Nanotechnology Applications for the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Treatment of Fungal Diseases offers comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals of fungal diseases and the applications of nanotechnology for their diagnosis and treatment.The book covers the basics of human fungal pathogens, the molecular mechanisms of infection, and current diagnostic strategies and treatment regimes. It then goes on to discuss nanotechnology-based approaches for the detection and identification of human fungal pathogens. It also discusses antifungal drugs, their modes of action, and how nanoparticles are utilized to deliver these agents, highlighting their significance in treating various fungal infections. Additionally, it provides a comprehensive overview of nanotechnology-based products, as well as the current and future applications of nano-methodologies and technologies in the field of fungal infectious diseases. With contributions from experts in the field, Nanotechnology Applications for the Diagnosis and Therapeutic Treatment of Fungal Diseases is an informative resource for scientists, researchers, and medical personnel to better understand fungal diseases in order to design and develop novel and accessible nano-based therapies for their treatment.

  • Pathophysiological Consequences of Alcohol

    • 1st Edition
    • Patricia E. Molina + 2 more
    • English
    Pathophysiological Consequences of Alcohol examines the impact of alcohol on physiological processes within various organ systems. The book starts with an introduction to relevant organ system physiology, then presents current, evidence-based findings on how alcohol use, whether acute or chronic, affects these processes. Each chapter, aside from the Introduction and Cellular and Molecular Physiology, begins with a system overview, explores alcohol's effects, and concludes with integrated cases or clinical vignettes. This volume is intended for those studying or working in physiology, biology, or neuroscience and is written by experts from a renowned Physiology Department.It includes comprehensive teaching material and offers insights into alcohol-related comorbidities. The book's authors are engaged in both research and education in the field.

  • Antimicrobial Resistance in Humans, Animals, and the Environment

    One Health Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • Kunal Ranjan + 3 more
    • English
    Antimicrobial Resistance in Humans, Animals, and the Environment: One Health Approach examines the global impact of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) with a specific focus on the interconnectedness between animal, human, and environmental health. The book details the origin, evolution and ecology of AMR and its updated epidemiology. It discusses the transmission of antimicrobial resistance between humans, animals, and the environment. It delves into the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance development and epidemiology in human and animal health; the different challenges in treating antimicrobial-resist... infections including rapid diagnosis and the development of new antimicrobial agents; and alternative strategies treating drug-resistant infections. Antimicrobial Resistance in Humans, Animals, and the Environment: One Health Approach is a useful comprehensive resource for researchers, academics postgraduate students, PhD students, early career researchers, and medical scientists in microbiology, infectious diseases, and biotechnology, public health professionals, clinical personnel treating AMR, or policymakers interested in implementing antimicrobial stewardship program in hospitals.

  • Proteomics in Cell Communication

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 200
    • English
    Proteomics in Cell Communication, offers a comprehensive exploration of the dynamic field of proteomics and its vital role in understanding cellular communication. This book includes interesting chapters on topics such as In vivo cell-type specific secretome profiling, Assays for surface antigens in extracellular vesicles using proximity labeling strategy, Cell type-specific proximity biotinylation using TurboID to identify secreted proteins from cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo, Native-state and cell type-specific proteomics using TurboID proximity labeling in mouse models, Adapted Luminex approach to assess phosphoproteins and cytokines released from specific cell types in the brain in vivo, and much more.Other sections covers In-depth cell-selective proteomics and secretomics in vivo based on azidonorleucine labelling, Visualizing and profiling de novo protein synthesis in Drosophila with cell-type specificity, A Split GFP Approach for Cell-Type-Specific Protein Localization Analysis in Drosophila, Quantitative deep profiling of the cell surface proteome using the "Cell Surface Capture" technique, Proteomic profiling of extracellular fluids to identify secreted proteins from muscle and fat tissues, and much more.

  • Microbial Enzymes

    Classification, Biochemistry, Production and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Abdel Moneim Elhadi Sulieman
    • English
    Microbial Enzymes: Classification, Biochemistry, Production and Applications explores the multifaceted roles of microbial enzymes, emphasizing their stability, ease of handling, and manipulation, all of which make them invaluable in various industrial processes. With 25 in-depth chapters, the book delves into the biochemistry of enzymes, their various sources, and their importance in biotechnology. It covers modern techniques for microbial enzyme detection and determination, methods of enzyme immobilization, and the application of microbial enzymes in industries such as food, medicine, pharmaceuticals, and textiles. Special sections discuss the biosynthesis of metal nanoparticles by microbial enzymes and the role of microbial toxins in different sectors. The book's chapters are organized in a way that provides detailed insights into the classification of enzymes, the mechanisms of microbial enzymes, and their industrial importance. Topics include bacterial, fungal, and algal enzymes, their applications, and the latest advancements in enzyme technology. Other sections address the challenge of antibiotic resistance and explores innovative methods for enzyme production and molecular engineering.

  • Encyclopedia of Reproduction

    • 3rd Edition
    • Michael K. Skinner
    • English
    The Encyclopedia of Reproduction, Third Edition, Six Volume Set comprehensively reviews biology and abnormalities, also covering the most common diseases in humans, such as prostate and breast cancer, as well as normal developmental biology, including embryogenesis, gestation, birth and puberty. Each of the 575 chapters provides a comprehensive overview by leaders in their respective fields that is ideal for advanced undergraduate students, research professionals, and clinicians. Chapters explore the latest advances in cloning, stem cells, endocrinology, clinical reproductive medicine, and genomics.As reproductive health is a fundamental component of an individual’s overall health status and a central determinant of quality of life, this 6-volume set provides the most extensive and authoritative reference within the field.

  • Protein Misfolding Diseases

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 148
    • English
    Protein Misfolding Diseases, delves into the intricate molecular mechanisms behind a class of devastating disorders caused by abnormal protein folding. This comprehensive book explores interesting and updated topics, including Protein misfolding in hemophilia, Characterizing Protein Misfolding: Inside and Out, Heat Shock proteins (HSPs) as chaperones for Oncogenesis, Protein Misfolding and Cancer: Molecular Insights and Future Perspectives, Proteostasis and Pathogenesis: Unraveling the Complexity of Protein Misfolding Disorders, Small molecule inhibitors targeting α-synuclein aggregation: Progress and future outlook, and much more.Additional sections cover Chaperone Machinery in Neurodegeneration: A Spotlight on Protein Misfolding Diseases and Calpain- mediated proteolytic cleavage.

  • Plant-Based Proteins Processing

    Emerging Trends and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • C.K. Sunil + 2 more
    • English
    Plant-Based Proteins Processing: Emerging Trends and Applications covers sources, extraction, properties, bioavailability, modification, applications, and marketing opportunities, in addition to the conventional and emerging technologies applied for obtaining plant-based proteins. This book consists of five sections, starting with Section A which includes chapters on overview, sources, digestibility and bioavailability, nutritional properties, and food byproducts as a source of protein. Section B covers the extraction of plant-based proteins, which has chapters on the chemical, enzyme, and novel techniques for extraction of plant proteins. Section C chapters focus on the modification of the plant protein, including all the modification methods (Thermal, Non-thermal, Biological, and Chemical methods) and their effects on the protein. Section D includes the applications of the proteins, and the last Section, E, covers the market, challenges, and future opportunities for plant-based proteins. Plant-Based Proteins Processing is a complete guide for students, researchers, professionals, consumers, food manufacturers, and others who are engaged in plant-based protein production.

  • Chemoresistance in Glioblastoma

    Understanding and Management
    • 1st Edition
    • Dileep Kumar + 1 more
    • English
    Chemoresistance in Glioblastoma: Understanding and Management gives clear insights into the detailed characteristic aspects of glioblastoma disease and the different therapeutic targets that are employed in reducing resistance to chemotherapeutic agents. The book delves deep into the root causes of multidrug resistance and the quest for novel molecular targets among growth factors, receptors, signal transduction proteins, microRNAs, transcription factors, proto-oncogenes, and tumor suppressor genes. In addition, it gives insights on the pathological and molecular features of glioblastoma and the role of cancer stem cells in the resistance to chemo and immunotherapy.While designed as a comprehensive guide, the book also serves as a valuable reference for professionals seeking to deepen their understanding, refine their skills, and explore new avenues within chemoresistance.

  • Neurobiology of Aging

    Exploring Cognitive Decline and Neurodegeneration
    • 1st Edition
    • Sachchida Nand Rai
    • English
    Neurobiology of Aging: Exploring Cognitive Decline and Neurodegeneration is a comprehensive reference exploring the complexities of the aging brain. This book examines the intricate processes driving cognitive decline and neurodegeneration. From the gradual loss of neurons and synapses to the formation of protein aggregates characteristic of Alzheimer's disease, each chapter reviews key aspects of brain aging. Chapters dissect the mechanisms driving neuronal loss, synaptic dysfunction, and protein misfolding, shedding light on the intricate interplay of oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. This book also navigates through strategies for healthy brain aging, from the impact of diet and exercise to the role of cognitive stimulation.

  • Methods for the Study of Microbial Biofilms

    Current Trends and Recent Advancements
    • 1st Edition
    • Abhishek Guldhe + 2 more
    • English
    Methods for the study of microbial biofilms: Current Trends and Recent Advancements provides a detailed overview of the latest techniques for the study of biofilms. The book explores a wide range of methods for the characterization and study of cells within biofilms, including microscopy techniques, genomic approaches, transcriptomics, proteomic and proteogenomic tools. Computational and mathematical modelling are also covered.Chapters investigate the physiology of biofilm cells, gene expression pathways related to the formation, maturation and dispersion of biofilms, and molecular factors governing the biofilm formation and development, providing an overview of techniques that can be used at the cellular and molecular level. This book provides a broad overview of the biofilm field, along with the range of techniques that can be used to study and better understand them.

  • Introduction to Contemporary Philosophy of Medicine

    • 1st Edition
    • James A. Marcum
    • English
    Introduction to Contemporary Philosophy of Medicine explores philosophical approaches to the nature of medicine, ranging from the Analytic Philosophy of Medicine to Feminist and Gender Medicine. Digital, Complementary, and Alternative Medicines are also discussed, with each diverse approach informed by different ontological and epistemological concepts, such as causation, disease, and health, which are introduced and discussed in detail. This is a key guide for students and other healthcare professionals interested in philosophical issues in contemporary medicine.Contemporar... philosophy of medicine is certainly a growing discipline in the 21st century, with substantial literature. But the discipline has no overarching paradigm that reflects consensus. Rather, contemporary philosophy of medicine is diverse, with various approaches not only to the problems facing contemporary medicine, but also how best to address and potentially resolve them. This book explores these concepts and their diverse approaches.

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