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Books in Physical sciences and engineering

  • Wetlands in a Climate-Changing World

    • 1st Edition
    • Yuanchun Zou + 2 more
    • English
    Wetlands in a Climate-Changing World aims to clarify our understanding of natural wetland structures, processes, and functions in the context of a changing climate, drawing on real-life case studies to help the reader comprehend current knowledge related to wetland research under the background of climate change. Unlike other terrestrial ecosystems, wetlands are more directly connected to, and influenced by, climate change. They help mitigate global warming by serving as CO2 sinks and organic carbon reservoirs, but they also contribute to warming by emitting CH4.As wetlands are vital ecosystems worldwide, possessing unique and irreplaceable natural resources and ecological functions, this book is a great addition to research on presented topics.

  • Tribology of Fiber Materials and Composites

    • 1st Edition
    • Vijay Raghunathan + 4 more
    • English
    Tribology of Fiber Materials and Composites presents the latest advances in this important research field. The book explores the friction and wear characteristics of various types of composites, namely polymeric, at both dry and wet conditions that influence the service life. Focusing on proficient tribological testing methods it examines the impact of testing conditions on overall performance. Along with relevant case study examples, the book provides valuable insights into the factors affecting tribological performance in a diverse range of different sectors including automotive, aerospace, and marine applications. Covering materials selection, test methodologies, and parameter choices, the book will provide valuable insights into the latest advancements on the analysis of friction and wear properties, as well as the factors that influence tribological behaviour for a broad range of composites made from different types of fibers. The book will be a valuable reference resource for academic and industrial researchers, materials scientists and engineers, manufacturers, and other professionals who want to know more about the tribological behavior and performance of fiber-reinforced composites and their associated applications.

  • Mechanical Behavior of Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites

    Fundamentals, Advanced Studies, and Current Trends
    • 1st Edition
    • Manoj Kumar Singh + 4 more
    • English
    Mechanical Behavior of Fiber-reinforced Polymer Composites: Fundamentals, Advanced Studies, and Current Trends offers a thorough exploration of key advancements in the study of fiber-reinforced polymer composites. The book begins by outlining the basic principles that govern the mechanical properties of both polymers and fibers, delving into how their interaction determines composite performance. It provides an extensive overview of essential materials, manufacturing techniques, and various testing methodologies such as tensile, compression, flexural, impact, and fatigue tests. By examining how fiber orientation and production processes influence mechanical outcomes, this reference helps readers understand the factors affecting composite strength and behavior.The text also dedicates significant attention to failure mechanisms like delamination, matrix cracking, and fiber breakage, offering detailed explanations of each. It explores the effects of environmental aging on outdoor applications and integrates contemporary topics including numerical analysis, modeling, and artificial intelligence methods.

  • Non-Destructive Testing and Structural Health Monitoring Methods for Additive Manufactured Polymers

    • 1st Edition
    • Magdalena Mieloszyk + 1 more
    • English
    Non-Destructive Testing and Structural Health Monitoring Methods for Additive Manufactured Polymers provides a complete overview of non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques and structural health monitoring (SHM) methods for additive manufactured (AM) polymers, both with and without fiber reinforcement. Methods for additive manufacturing of polymers are outlined, including modified fused deposition and selective laser sintering, and the book also discusses structural properties' fracture behavior and other mechanics of the polymers produced. The book then segues into specific NDT and SHM methods best used for evaluating AM polymers, such as THz spectroscopy, microcomputer tomography, ultrasonic methods, fiber optic techniques, and vibration-based methods.The structural differences between polymers produced via AM and those produced via traditional manufacturing techniques are considered as well, and the book also includes insight on methods of embedding sensors in AM structures both during and after the printing process.

  • Autonomous Vehicle Safety Solutions

    Foundations, Technologies, and Prospects for the Future
    • 1st Edition
    • Aparna Kumari
    • English
    Autonomous Vehicle Safety Solutions: Foundations, Technologies, and Prospects for the Future addresses the dynamically evolving state of the art that traverses and brings together automotive engineering, electronics engineering, and computer science. Its technical overview of smart vehicles' capabilities, propelled by headway in artificial intelligence and sensor technologies, enables in-depth understanding of the safety-assurance complexities that guide their design and operation.The comprehensive volume distinguishes itself for its treatment of several exciting, emerging opportunities and trends, including machine learning algorithms, V2X connectivity, and cybersecurity. Up-to-date applications are featured through practical examples and expert insights, bringing additional value to a discourse which underscores the critical need for ongoing safety advancements and adaptability in the fast-moving context of autonomous driving systems, with their related implications on sustainability and society as a whole.The outcome is a cornerstone resource for academia and industry alike that encourages further transformative, interdisciplinary investigations to bring safety solutions to maturity and subsequent rigorous testing for validation standards to be defined, thus realizing, in a future not distant from now, a scenario where self-driving vehicles can co-exist seamlessly with traditional modes of transportation and also integrate reliably, efficiently, and without risks within the larger infrastructure.

  • GeoAI for Earth Observation Imagery

    Fundamentals and Practical Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Dalton Lunga + 1 more
    • English
    GeoAI for Earth Observation Imagery: Fundamentals and Practical Applications comprehensively covers methodologies of AI and Machine Learning applications of image processing for Earth Observation (EO) Imagery. As traditional image processing methods face challenges with handling vast volumes of EO imagery, leading to efficiencies and limitations when extracting meaningful insights, AI-driven approaches can enhance the efficiency, accuracy, and scalability of image processing. Chapters cover essential methodologies including atmospheric compensation, image enhancement techniques like deblurring and superresolution, and advanced analysis methods such as semantic segmentation and object detection.Cutting-ed... approaches to computing, automating, and optimizing image processing tasks are also covered. Additionally, emerging trends in GeoAi and their implication on future research are reviewed. The book serves as an essential guide for navigating the complexities of spatial data and equips readers with knowledge to enhance their analytical capabilities.

  • Nucleation

    Basic Theory with Applications
    • 2nd Edition
    • Dimo Kashchiev
    • English
    Nucleation: Basic Theory with Applications, Second Edition updates the classic, highly cited introductory work by Dimo Kashchiev. It is a detailed and systematic account of the basic principles, developments, and applications of the theory of nucleation.The first two parts of the book describe in detail the two basic approaches in nucleation theory: thermodynamic and kinetic. They contain derivations of the basic and most important formulae of the theory and discuss their limitations and possibilities for improvement. The third part deals with some of the factors that can affect nucleation and is a natural continuation of the first two chapters. The last part is devoted to the application of the theory to processes of practical importance, such as melt crystallization and polymorphic transformation, crystal growth and growth of thin solid films, size distribution of droplets and crystallites in condensation and crystallization. Included is a new chapter on the formation of gas hydrates. Several appendices have also been added providing important contemporary results in nucleation theory.Nucleation: Basic Theory with Applications, Second Edition remains the go-to book for a foundational understanding of this distinct and important subdiscipline. It is written primarily for graduate and Ph.D. level students and tutors, as well as researchers or engineers across chemistry, physics, and materials science, with additional relevance to biochemists, biomedical engineers and energy and environmental scientists.

  • Performance-Based Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings

    Advanced Modeling and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Hong-Gun Park
    • English
    Performance-Based Seismic Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings addresses the critical need for specialized knowledge and advanced techniques to conduct accurate structural response assessments, particularly for buildings in earthquake-prone regions or older edifices not originally designed to withstand seismic forces.The book focuses on nonlinear analysis models, integrating theory-based principles, contextual specifications, and fully validated experimental data to optimally maintain the integrity of new and existing buildings under variable forces. By systematically outlining state-of-the-art approaches for characterizing and predicting the behavior of key structural components—including beams, columns, beam-column joints, walls, coupling beams, and slab diaphragms—supported by real-world examples and case studies that illustrate their applicability, this essential reference resource makes complex seismic evaluation methodologies accessible to technical readers both in academia and industry. The inclusion of performance-based seismic design strategies is also a prominent highlight, delivering a comprehensive framework for examining and strengthening reinforced concrete buildings against seismic threats.Originally published by the Architectural Institute of Korea (AIK) and the Korea Concrete Institute (KCI), this volume serves as a national reference for performance-based seismic design. It provides essential insights and employs advanced tools to advance seismic design and retrofit practices, supporting global efforts to enhance long-term resilience in built environment development.

  • Essentials of the Finite Element Method

    • 2nd Edition
    • Dimitrios G. Pavlou
    • English
    Finding a single text that covers fundamental concepts, analytical mathematics, and up-to-date software applications for the finite element method (FEM) can be challenging. However, the second edition of Essentials of the Finite Element aims to simplify the search by offering a comprehensive yet concise resource suitable for newcomers to FEM or those in need of a refresher. This edition begins by explaining the basics of FEM and gradually introduces advanced topics, while also illustrating the practical applications of the theory in engineering. The book covers various specific subjects, including linear spring elements, bar elements, trusses, beams and frames, plates, heat transfer, structural dynamics, and buckling. Throughout the text, readers are provided with step-by-step detailed analyses for the development of finite element equations. Moreover, the book demonstrates the programming aspect of FEM, offering examples in MATLAB, EXCEL, CALFEM, and ANSYS. This allows readers to gain insights into developing their own computer code. Designed for a wide range of readers, from first-time BSc/MSc students to experienced researchers and practicing mechanical/structura... engineers, Essentials of the Finite Element Method, Second Edition serves as a comprehensive reference text suitable for modern engineers.

  • Intelligent Railway Alignment Design

    • 1st Edition
    • Hao Pu + 4 more
    • English
    Intelligent railway alignment design offers a comprehensive exploration of intelligent railway alignment optimization It considers a a variety of critical topics, starting with the optimal selection of key technical standards for railway design, and then introduces the comprehensive geographic information model. The methods for evaluating the suitability of the railway alignment based on the comprehensive geographic information model are discussed, together with economic optimization models aimed at cost-effective railway alignment design. In addition, the book considers optimization models for managing risks related to typical geological hazards and minimizing environmental impacts. Intelligent search algorithms for solving the railway alignment optimization models are explained in detail, including corridor searching algorithms and 3D alignment searching algorithms. Additionally, the book explores concurrent optimization strategies for coordinating railway alignments with stations and large temporary engineering projects. Finally, it introduces intelligent models and methods for reconstructing and optimizing existing railway alignments, ensuring that both new and updated railways operate efficiently and sustainably.

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