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Elsevier

Books in Environmental sciences

The Environmental Sciences titles present critical research and insights into the complex interactions within natural ecosystems, climate systems, and human impacts on the environment. Covering areas such as biodiversity, sustainability, climate change, and resource management, these titles support scientific discovery and practical solutions for addressing today’s most pressing environmental challenges. This collection is essential for researchers, policymakers, and students dedicated to advancing environmental understanding and stewardship

  • Handbook of Environmental Data and Ecological Parameters

    Environmental Sciences and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • S. E. Jørgensen
    • English
    Environmental Sciences and Applications, Volume 6: Handbook of Environmental Data and Ecological Parameters presents the biological effects of chemical compounds and the physical environment. This book provides a list of the most important compounds from an environmental point of view. Organized into seven parts, this volume begins with an overview of the living organisms in the natural environment. This text then explores the ecosphere, including the element cycles and general properties of chemical compound in the ecosphere. Other parts consider the biological half life time of various chemical compounds and present the toxicological data of specific importance to environmental problems. This book discusses as well the chemical compounds that are related to species. The final part deals with the dynamics of environment and contains equilibrium data, which is often the point of departure for a dynamical description. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, biologists, ecologists, scientists, and research workers.

  • Radiation Protection

    A Systematic Approach to Safety
    • 1st Edition
    • Gyoujin Cho
    • English
    Radiation Protection: A Systematic Approach to Safety is a collection of papers that deals with the control, management, and prevention of toxic agents. One paper presents design measures, evaluated in a balanced program, as a practicable method to lessen occupational radiation exposure. Another paper cites the radiation protection aspects practiced in the decommissioning of the Fuel Reprocessing Plant at Trombay, which was designed to chemically process irradiated nuclear fuel. One paper describes a methodology to evaluate a collective dose of exposure through different routes following the release of radioactive material into the atmosphere. These routes include: (1) inhalation of the material from the initial cloud or that arising from the ground; (2) external irradiation from radioactive decay of the material in the cloud or in the air; (3) and as ingestion of radionuclides transferred through the food chain. One paper compares the chemical and radiation hazards to man using an analytical model, based on radiation biological concepts at the molecular level, to show the effects of other agents. The analytical model is also capable of predicting that a synergistic interaction between two different mutagenic agents can occur at the molecular level. The collection will prove useful for nuclear physicists and scientists, occupational health professionals, and researchers in the field of nuclear medicine and engineering.

  • Water Pollution Research and Control Brighton

    Proceedings of the Fourteenth Biennial Conference of the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control, held in Brighton, U.K., 18–21 July, 1988
    • 1st Edition
    • L. Lijklema
    • English
    Water Pollution Research and Control Brighton 1988, Part 1 covers the proceedings of the 14th Biennial Conference of the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control, held in Brighton, U.K. on July 18-21, 1988. This book is organized into five parts encompassing 37 chapters. The first part deals first with the practical performance of various systems for small-scale wastewater treatment and the application of dimensioned aerated grit chambers as a highly loaded activated sludge process. This part also considers the incidence of Sphaerotilus natans in laboratory scale activated sludge systems and he direct solid-liquid separation using hollow fiber membrane in an activated sludge aeration tank. The succeeding parts discuss the theoretical and operational benefits of anaerobic and industrial wastewater treatment. These topics are followed by presentation of activated sludge models, with particular emphasis on nitrification and precipitation modeling, as well as dynamic modeling of trace contaminant removal in a municipal sewage treatment plant. The last part explores the characteristics of biological phosphorus and phosphate removal process. This book will prove useful to chemical and environmental engineers and researchers in the related fields.

  • Water Pollution Research and Development

    Proceedings of a Conference Held in Toronto, Canada, 23 - 27 June, 1980
    • 1st Edition
    • S. H. Jenkins
    • English
    Water Pollution Research and Development, Part 1 covers the proceedings of the 10th Biennial Conference of the International Association on Water Pollution Research, held in Toronto, Canada on June 23-27, 1980. This conference emphasizes the problems that arise in performing different laboratory and field experiments related to water pollution research. This work is composed of 24 chapters and starts with reviews of flotation behavior of sewage suspensions, the absorption rates of oxygen and nitrogen, and the application of the bubble fractionation to water and wastewater treatment. The subsequent chapters deal with a model for the activated sludge process, its theoretical aspects and operational benefits. These topics are followed by discussions of the basic principles, theoretical aspects, experiments, and field applications of biological denitrification, bioregeneration, and the Bayer tower biology. This text also explores the benefits of bubble formation process, microbiological methods, flocculation, and the use of various coagulants. The remaining chapters provide the development and application of a simple graphical technique for predicting the chemical composition of lime-treated secondary effluent. These chapters also examine the physico-chemical treatment of wastewater. This book will prove useful to chemical and environmental engineers, researchers, and workers in the related fields.

  • Advances in Water Pollution Research

    Proceedings of the International Conference Held in London, September 1962
    • 1st Edition
    • B. A. Southgate
    • English
    Advances in Water Pollution Research, Volume 1 contains the proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Water Pollution Research held in London in September 1962. The conference provided a forum for assessing advances in water pollution research and tackled a wide array of topics, from biological extraction and accumulation in stream self-purification to recovery and identification of organics in water, as well as the effect of heated effluents on fish and the role of aquatic actinomycetes in self-purification of freshwater streams. Comprised of 16 chapters, this volume begins with a description of a working theory of the mode of action of biological extraction and accumulation in stream self-purification. The discussion then turns to the oxygen regime and the processes of self-purification in reservoirs with retarded discharge; the effect of current on the composition of biocenoses in flowing water streams; and prediction of stream re-aeration rates. Subsequent chapters focus on a small watercourse accidentally polluted by phenol compounds; determination and charting of waste load in a flowing stream; effects of domestic and industrial discharges on the ecology of riffles in Midland streams; and effects of plants and animals on the conditions in freshwater streams with particular reference to their oxygen balance. This book will appeal to practitioners and research workers with interest in the problems of water pollution.

  • Handbook of Recycled Concrete and Demolition Waste

    • 1st Edition
    • F. Pacheco-Torgal + 1 more
    • English
    The civil engineering sector accounts for a significant percentage of global material and energy consumption and is a major contributor of waste material. The ability to recycle and reuse concrete and demolition waste is critical to reducing environmental impacts in meeting national, regional and global environmental targets. Handbook of recycled concrete and demolition waste summarises key recent research in achieving these goals.Part one considers techniques for managing construction and demolition waste, including waste management plans, ways of estimating levels of waste, the types and optimal location of waste recycling plants and the economics of managing construction and demolition waste. Part two reviews key steps in handling construction and demolition waste. It begins with a comparison between conventional demolition and construction techniques before going on to discuss the preparation, refinement and quality control of concrete aggregates produced from waste. It concludes by assessing the mechanical properties, strength and durability of concrete made using recycled aggregates. Part three includes examples of the use of recycled aggregates in applications such as roads, pavements, high-performance concrete and alkali-activated or geopolymer cements. Finally, the book discusses environmental and safety issues such as the removal of gypsum, asbestos and alkali-silica reaction (ASR) concrete, as well as life-cycle analysis of concrete with recycled aggregates.Handbook of recycled concrete and demolition waste is a standard reference for all those involved in the civil engineering sector, as well as academic researchers in the field.

  • Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling

    • 3rd Edition
    • Volume 98
    • Roger A Pielke Sr
    • English
    The 3rd edition of Mesoscale Meteorological Modeling is a fully revised resource for researchers and practitioners in the growing field of meteorological modeling at the mesoscale. Pielke has enhanced the new edition by quantifying model capability (uncertainty) by a detailed evaluation of the assumptions of parameterization and error propagation. Mesoscale models are applied in a wide variety of studies, including weather prediction, regional and local climate assessments, and air pollution investigations.

  • The Estuary as a Filter

    • 1st Edition
    • Victor S Kennedy
    • English
    The Estuary as a Filter contains the proceedings of the Estuarine Research Federation’s seventh biennial conference at Virginia Beach, Virginia, in late October, 1983. In five invited sessions, scientists and managers considered the physical, geological, chemical-geochemical... and biological processes involved in the ""filtering"" role of estuaries and reflected on management implications of these matters. Most of their presentations and reflections are included in this book in order to demonstrate what is known and what needs to be explored further. The papers in this volume are grouped as they were presented at the conference. Thus, physical oceanographers begin the work by considering turbulence, mixing, and circulation processes in estuaries. Geologists then examine estuarine sedimentation, including the roles of flocculation and bioturbation in accelerating this process. Chemists and geochemists describe the interactions among and effects of inputs of nutrients, metals, and organic matter into estuaries, and the fate of radionuclides in these systems. Biological and biochemical processes involving surface foam, microbes, sea grasses, and wetlands are considered, along with carefully derived nutrient budgets of selected estuarine regions. Finally, some of the problems facing managers of estuarine ecosystems in three areas of the United States are described, along with the success story of the ongoing rehabilitation of the Thames Estuary in England.

  • Applied Linear Programming

    For the Socioeconomic and Environmental Sciences
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael R. Greenberg
    • J. William Schmidt
    • English
    Applied Linear Programming for the Socioeconomic and Environmental Sciences discusses applications of linear and related programming to help in the transformation of the student or reader from book learning to computer use. The author reviews the theory, methods and applications of linear programming. The author also presents some programming codes that can be used in solving linear programming problems. He describes processes such as parametric programming, sensitivity analysis, and postoptimal analysis. The author lists five possible applications of linear programming, as follows: 1) estimates involving supply of and demand for services; 2) transport and schedule planning; 3) scale, technologies, and optimal site selection; (4) evaluation of impact of activates; and 5) evaluation of alternative options. The author cites a case study of solid-waste management in New Jersey that is common to other areas: availability of disposal sites, increasing amounts of garbage, and stricter environmental regulations. This book can be appreciated by environmentalist, sociologists, economists, civil engineers, and students and professors of advance mathematics and linear programming.

  • Environmental Ecology

    The Impacts of Pollution and Other Stresses on Ecosystem Structure and Function
    • 1st Edition
    • Bill Freedman
    • English
    Environmental Ecology: The Impacts of Pollution and Other Stresses on Ecosystem Structure and Function deals with environmental studies on the ecological impacts of anthropogenic stresses. The book discusses more particularly the ways that anthropogenic or natural influences affect the quality of the inorganic and biotic components of the biosphere, as well as the human environment. The text discusses the sources of air pollution, the different toxic elements (naturally occurring contamination or anthropogenic sources), and acidifying substances or "acid rain." The author also cites several studies that deal with the reclamation of acidified bodies of water. Another topic the author addresses is declining forest areas; he then cites several case studies of this occurrence, such as those by Fowells, 1965; Hepting, 1971; and Auclair, 1987. The text also investigates the ecological effects of oil pollution caused during the refining process and transportation. The author then examines the general response patterns to ecological stress. The text is intended for advanced students of environmental ecology and environmental science, as well as for ecologists, environmentalists, and urban planners and officials.

  • Estuarine Comparisons

    Proceedings of the Sixth Biennial International Estuarine Research Conference, Gleneden Beach, Oregon, November 1-6, 1981
    • 1st Edition
    • Victor S Kennedy
    • English
    Estuarine Comparisons compares the knowledge gained about many of the world's estuaries. The book compares the Pacific, Gulf, and Atlantic coast estuaries, and the physical, chemical, and biological parameters in estuaries throughout the world. The text also compares the features of North Sea, east and West Atlantic, Gulf, and Pacific estuaries, as well as of pioneering work in the Chang Jiang estuary of China, one of the largest in the world. Comparisons of anadromous fisheries, estuarine microbiology, and many other interactive features over a wide variety of latitudinal and longitudinal variation are also encompassed. People interested in estuaries, including ecologists, will find the book invaluable.

  • Atmospheric Water Vapor

    • 1st Edition
    • Adarsh Deepak + 2 more
    • English
    Atmospheric Water Vapor contains the technical proceedings of the International Workshop on Atmospheric Water Vapor held in Vail, Colorado, on September 11-13, 1979. The papers assess the state-of-the-art in measurement, modeling, and application of atmospheric water vapor properties and highlight important problems that require further effort in order to better understand the atmosphere itself as well as the electromagnetic propagation through the atmosphere. Comprised of 39 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on the optics and spectroscopy of water vapor. Some actual spectra showing the problems specific to the water molecule are described, along with the method used to calculate precise vibration-rotation energy levels and wave functions. Atmospheric infrared transmission measurements in maritime locations are also presented. Subsequent sections explore microwave and millimeter wave phenomena; geoastrophysical applications; and in situ measurements, remote sensing, and meteorology of water vapor. The final chapters deal with the microphysics and atmospheric chemistry of water vapor. This monograph will be of interest to scientists from universities, government agencies, research laboratories, and industry.

  • Environmental Factors in Respiratory Disease

    • 1st Edition
    • Douglas H. K. Lee
    • English
    Environmental Factors in Respiratory Disease provides an overview of the state of knowledge on the role of environmental factors in respiratory disease. The book opens with a discussion of some trends and developments which bear on concerns with respiratory disease and the environment. This is followed by separate chapters on pulmonary anatomy and physiology as it relates to the problem of environmental factors in respiratory disease; various tracheobronchial responses to insult; the response of alveoli of the lung to damaging agents; and effects of chronic respiratory disease on lung and heart functions. Subsequent chapters deal with environmental pollutants, their routes of transport, and impact on lung function; specific reactions of the lung that can be attributed to a particular material or agent; host defense mechanisms in the lung; and interactions of infectious diseases and air pollutants. This text will be helpful to those who need to know the state of current knowledge on the health significance of environmental factors in respiratory disease but who do not have the time to pursue the detailed literature or to seek a compilation directed to their special needs.

  • Sustainability, Energy and Architecture

    Case Studies in Realizing Green Buildings
    • 1st Edition
    • Ali Sayigh
    • English
    This unique volume offers insights from renowned experts in energy efficient building from the world over, providing a multi-faceted overview of the state-of-the-art in energy efficient architecture. It opens by defining what constitutes a sustainable building, suggesting bases for sorely needed benchmarks, then explains the most important techniques and tools available to engineers and architects exploring green building technologies. It covers such pivotal issues as daylighting, LED lighting, integrating renewables such as solar thermal and cooling, retrofitting, LEED and similar certification efforts, passive houses, net-zero and close-zero structures, water recycling, and much more. Highlighting best practices for commercial buildings and private homes, in widely varied climates and within vastly different socio-economic contexts, this illustrated reference will guide architects and engineers in making sustainable choices in building materials and methods.

  • Pollution and Physiology of Marine Organisms

    • 1st Edition
    • F. John Vernberg + 1 more
    • English
    Pollution and Physiology of Marine Organisms is a compendium of papers presented at the symposium on the effects of pollution on the physiological ecology of estuarine and coastal water organisms, held at the University of South Carolina. The collection discusses the effects of a wide variety of toxicants emitted by settlers and factories in the great majority of coastal and estuarine areas on marine organisms. The studies are divided into five sections: heavy metals, pesticides and PCBs, oil and dispersants, synergistic effects of pollutants, and various environmental parameters. Marine biologists, ecologists, environmentalists, biologists, zoologists, and researchers will find the book a good source of insight into the topic.

  • Plasmids and Transposons

    Environmental Effects and Maintenance Mechanisms
    • 1st Edition
    • Colin Stuttard + 1 more
    • English
    Plasmids and Transposons: Environmental Effects and Maintenance Mechanisms explores the possibility of the usefulness of plasmids and transposons in controlling pollution. The articles in the book present evolutionary and ecological perspective on the topic. Contributors discussed such topics as aspects of the evolution of composite conjugative plasmids through acquisition of transposons; nosocomial infections; and the importance of plasmid analysis for the appropriate application of epidemiological control measures. Ecologists, environmentalists, physicians, and biologists will find the book interesting.

  • Advances in Water Pollution Research

    Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference Held in Jerusalem, June 18–23 1972
    • 1st Edition
    • S. H. Jenkins
    • English
    Advances in Water Pollution Research features the 71 papers presented at the Sixth International Conference held in Jerusalem on June 18-23, 1972. These papers were those selected by the Programme Committee of the International Association on Water Pollution Research for discussion at the conference out of the 176 completed papers that were submitted. The topics of the papers in this book include industrial waste water problems, sewage treatment problems associated with solids, ponds, activated, sludge, groundwater pollution, trace metals in water, wastewater virology and microbiology, thermal pollution, and oxygen transfer. This book also provides the text of the discussion on these papers as well as the replies of the authors. This book will be of interest to persons dealing with studies on water pollution and pollution control.

  • Instrumentation, Control and Automation of Water and Wastewater Treatment and Transport Systems

    Proceedings of the 5th IAWPRC Workshop Held in Yokohama and Kyoto, Japan, 26 July–3 August 1990
    • 1st Edition
    • R. Briggs
    • English
    Instrumentation, Control and Automation of Water and Wastewater Treatment and Transport Systems documents the proceedings of the 5th IAWPRC Workshop held in Yokohama and Kyoto, Japan, 26 July-3 August 1990. The papers presented at this Workshop have emphasized the following aspects: • new sensor technology based on developments in electrochemistry, fiber optics, and electro-optics; • research into materials such as those needed to produce membranes of the required selectivity, for immobilization of reactive species, and for addition of reagents and standards; • the use of inferential measurements coupled with expert system technology; • the ever-increasing power of microprocessors and the continuing reduction in their unit costs; • better communications capability; • improved mathematical modeling; • an increased awareness of the improved management that results from the timely availability of relevant data to the appropriate levels in the management hierarchy. This book, together with the proceedings of previous workshops, provides what is probably the most comprehensive account of the state of the art and recent developments in instrumentation, control, and automation as applied to the water and water-using industries, and as such will be invaluable to the practitioner, the researcher, and the student community.

  • Northern Australia

    The Arenas of Life and Ecosystems on Half a Continent
    • 1st Edition
    • Don Parkes
    • English
    Northern Australia: The Arenas of Life and Ecosystems on Half a Continent provides a geographical study of the interplay of environmental challenge and human endeavor in the vast arena of Northern Australia. This book is organized into three parts. Part A presents the contextual setting for Parts B and C. It includes a historical geographer's perspective on the ecological impact of 200 years of European settlement; a description of the use of satellite imagery; and discussion of some of the interactions among natural subsystems as they impinge on human activities (especially in the extensive rangelands). Part B discusses some of the human ecosystems which extend over a very large geographical territory. In these ecosystems the human population is small in terms of absolute number and relative to the population of other living things. These include the tropical marine ecosystems and their growing utilization for mariculture; and rangeland ecosytems dominated by cattle and the overlapping semi-arid grasslands. Part C discusses intensive ecosystems, where the human population is dominant in number.

  • Renewable Resources a Systematic Approach

    • 1st Edition
    • Enrique Campos-López
    • English
    Renewable Resources: A Systematic Approach focuses on the use of renewable resources, presenting a multifaceted perspective on its complex process. This book analyzes the social and physical impacts of renewable resource exploitation through different approaches. The importance of photosynthesis in the production of biomass is also presented, as well as the processes of substitution technology and the possibilities of systemizing the flow of energy and materials. This publication likewise covers the management of renewable resources from humid tropics and semiarid zones and components of non-renewability, which unavoidably will be more and more linked to the exploitation of renewable resources. This compilation is valuable to biologists who search for new techniques for the massive propagation of plants, as well as chemists who intend to acquire knowledge of chemical alternatives for the conversion of many sources of raw materials and energy to cellulose.

  • Functional Adaptations of Marine Organisms

    • 1st Edition
    • F. John Vernberg + 1 more
    • English
    Functional Adaptations of Marine Organisms gives an insight into the functional adaptations of marine organisms to natural and man-made sets of environmental factors. The book presents discussions on marine habitats; physiology of marine primary producers and decomposers; and functional adaptations of animals in relation to each major ecological divisions of the sea. The book will be of value to marine biologists, biologists, botanists, and students.

  • The Hudson River Basin

    Environmental Problems and Institutional Response
    • 1st Edition
    • Ralph W. Richardson + 1 more
    • English
    The Hudson River Basin: Environmental Problems and Institutional Response, Volume 2 covers a wide array of serious and complex environmental problems, reflecting the poor state of the environment itself. Most of the environmental problems in the Hudson Basin today are the result, direct or indirect, of the tremendous population and economic growth in the 25 years following World War II. This volume contains five chapters that discuss the results of the Hudson Basin Project's task groups, which presents numerous case studies of environmental controversies or "problem situations" in the Hudson Basin. The first chapters deal with the interdependence of policy areas and the applicable technology for water and air resources in the Basin. The next chapter describes the aquatic and the terrestrial communities in the Hudson Basin. The last chapters are concerned with the human health, leisure time, and recreation within the area. This book will prove useful to environmentalists and researchers.

  • Environmental Software Supplement

    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    Environmental Software Supplement is a supplement to the Directory of Environmental Software in Western Europe (Section 13) of the report “Environmental Software — A Strategic Study of the European Environmental Software Market” that is circulated in July 1992. This release presents additional 59 environmental software packages and revisions to three of the packages that are featured in the original report. The first two chapters merely introduce and describe this book. Chapter 3 is the meat of this supplement, presenting the software package indices by application area; one of the indices is just a supplement and the remaining ones are complete. Application areas include agriculture and forestry, air pollution, buildings, climate and meteorology, energy, and hazardous substances. Laboratory, land contamination, noise pollution, risk assessment, survey and planning, transport, waste management, and water pollution application areas are also listed. This book is valuable to those who need a supplement to Directory of Environmental Software, or those who need information on environmental software packages.

  • Ecology

    • 1st Edition
    • W. D. Russell-Hunter
    • English
    The Mollusca, Volume 6: Ecology provides an overview of the state of knowledge in molluscan ecology. It is part of a multivolume treatise that covers the fields of biochemistry, physiology, neurobiology, reproduction and development, evolution, ecology, medical aspects, and structure. The Mollusca is intended to serve a range of disciplines: biological, biochemical, paleontological, and medical. As a source of information on the current status of molluscan research, it should prove useful to researchers of the Mollusca and other phyla, as well as to teachers and qualified graduate students. The book contains 15 chapters, arranged into three levels of ecological perspective: (a) distributional studies; (b) physiological ecology and bioenergetics; and (c) population genetics and dynamics. A discussion of the planetary distribution of and ecological constraints upon the mollusca is followed by separate chapters on the life styles and distribution of mollusks on the deep-sea bottom, in mangroves, and on coral reefs; and the trophic and reproductive ecology of those intrinsically fascinating molluscan groups—the nudibranchs and cephalopods. Subsequent chapters present physiological ecology in land snails and in freshwater bivalves, prosobranchs, and pulmonates, with a survey of the techniques of actuarial bioenergetics as applied to nonmarine molluscs. Other chapters cover population dynamics and biology in an introduced pest species, population genetics of marine molluscs, ecogenetics of land snails, and life-cycle pattems throughout the major molluscan taxa.

  • Perceptual Ecology

    • 1st Edition
    • Edward C. Carterette + 1 more
    • English
    Handbook of Perception, Volume X: Perceptual Ecology, deals with perceptual aspects of the study of interaction of persons with their environment. The book is organized into six parts. Part I examines an ecological approach to the perceptual systems and cultural differences in perception. Part II is devoted to impaired perception and action. It includes studies on perception by the deaf and blind, and outlines the intellectual principles necessary for understanding sensory aids. Part III on aesthetics covers central problem of aesthetic theories and the generation and measurement of aesthetic forms. Part IV on architecture, music, art, and cinema discusses the perceptual aspects of architecture; the psychology of music; and the perception of art and motion pictures. Part V deals with the role of olfactory hedonics in perfumery and the assessment and abatement of noxious odors; and food habits, gastronomy, and analysis of flavors and foods. Part VI focuses on parapsychology. It reviews experimental evidence on telepathy, clairvoyance, precognition, and psychokinesis in order to assess the status of parapsychology and show why it is paradoxy, outside of accepted opinion, after some 100 years of psychic research.

  • Economic Approaches to Environmental Problems

    Techniques and Results of Empirical Analysis
    • 1st Edition
    • D. E. James + 2 more
    • R.J. Wakeman
    • English
    Fundamental Aspects of Pollution Control and Environmental Science, 3: Economic Approaches to Environmental Problems: Techniques and Results of Empirical Analysis focuses on the application of economic approaches in the management and control of environmental problems. The book first offers information on the relationship of economics and the environment and environmental pollution and external effects. Discussions focus on concepts of the environment, environmental services, need for assessment methods, health effects of air pollution, and annoyance and other health effects due to aircraft noise. The text also examines the homogeneous pollution approach and monetary damage functions. The publication takes a look at project evaluation and environmental deterioration and general-equilibrium assessment models. Topics include linear programming models, aggregation of flows of costs and benefits through time, projects, effects, and aggregation, and illustrations of cost benefit. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in the economic approaches to environmental problems.

  • Instrumentation and Control of Water and Wastewater Treatment and Transport Systems

    Proceedings of the 4th IAWPRC Workshop Held in Houston and Denver, U.S.A., 27 April - 4 May 1985
    • 1st Edition
    • R. A. R. Drake
    • English
    Instrumentation and Control of Water and Wastewater Treatment and Transport Systems contains the proceedings of the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control (IAWPRC) Workshop on Instrumentation and Control of Water and Wastewater Treatment and Transport Systems held in Houston, Texas and Denver, Colorado, from April 27 to May 4, 1985. The papers explore advances in instrumentation and control of water and wastewater treatment and transport systems. This book consists of 122 chapters divided into 18 sections and opens with a brief description of the IAWPRC Study Group on ""Instrumentation for On-line Measurement"". The discussion then turns to the instrumentation, control, and automation initiatives in various countries such as Germany, Japan, and the UK. The following chapters focus on instrument testing, data acquisition and transmission, and monitoring and control of water transport systems and water treatment plants. Distribution network control for water supply systems is considered, along with telemetry control systems and integrated data systems. The final chapter describes an automatic measuring device which uses a computer and image processing technology for measuring the length of filamentous microorganisms in activated sludge. This monograph will be a useful resource for engineers and those concerned with water pollution control.

  • Watershed 89

    The Future for Water Quality in Europe
    • 1st Edition
    • D. Wheeler
    • English
    Watershed 89: The Future for Water Quality in Europe, Volume 1 contains the proceedings of the International Association on Water Pollution Research and Control Conference on the Future for Water Quality in Europe, held in Guildford, UK, on April 17-20, 1989. The symposium provided a forum for assessing future prospects for resolving water quality issues in Europe. Topics covered range from contamination of drinking water to the quality of recreational waters and toxicological aspects of pesticides in natural waters. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume first provides an overview of water and sanitation services in Europe as a part of the regional program of the World Health Organization, known as "The International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade". The discussion then turns to the European Community water policy for the 1990s; the effects of acid precipitation and aluminum on water quality; and the presence of nitrates in water used for drinking purposes. Subsequent chapters explore metal releases from toxic wastes and their impact on groundwater and surface waters; the quality of recreational waters; and toxicological aspects of pesticides in natural waters. This book will be of value to scientists, politicians, and those who have an interest in water and water quality.

  • Comprehensive Water Quality and Purification

    • 1st Edition
    • Satinder Ahuja
    • English
    Comprehensive Water Quality and Purification, Four Volume Set provides a rich source of methods for analyzing water to assure its safety from natural and deliberate contaminants, including those that are added because of carelessness of human endeavors. Human development has great impact on water quality, and new contaminants are emerging every day. The issues of sampling for water analysis, regulatory considerations, and forensics in water quality and purity investigations are covered in detail. Microbial as well as chemical contaminations from inorganic compounds, radionuclides, volatile and semivolatile compounds, disinfectants, herbicides, and pharmaceuticals, including endocrine disruptors, are treated extensively. Researchers must be aware of all sources of contamination and know how to prescribe techniques for removing them from our water supply.

  • Introduction to Emergency Management

    • 5th Edition
    • George Haddow + 2 more
    • English
    Introduction to Emergency Management, Fifth Edition, offers a fully up-to-date analysis of US emergency management principles. In addition to expanding coverage of risk management in a time of climate change and terrorism, Haddow, Bullock, and Coppola discuss the impact of new emergency management technologies, social media, and an increasing focus on recovery. They examine the effects of the 2012 election results and discuss FEMA’s controversial National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP). Introduction to Emergency Management, Fifth Edition, gives instructors and students the best textbook content, instructor-support materials, and online resources to prepare future EM professionals for this demanding career.

  • Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology

    Volume II
    • 1st Edition
    • Bernard C. Patten
    • English
    Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology, Volume II, concludes the original concept for Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology, and at the same time initiates a continuing series under the same title. The original idea, in 1968, was to draw together a collection of systems ecology articles as a convenient benchmark to the state of this emerging new field and as a stimulus to broader interest. These purposes will continue to motivate the series in highlighting, from time to time, accomplishments, trends, and prospects. The present volume is organized into four parts. Part I outlines for ecologists the concepts upon which systems science as a discipline is built. Part II presents example applications of systems analysis methods to ecosystems. Part III is devoted to new theory, including an investigation into the feasibility of several nonlinear formulations for use in compartment modeling of ecosystems; and the important topic of connectivity in systems. Part IV presents a sampling of systems ecology applications. It provides a reasonably balanced and accurate picture of the practical capability of ecological systems analysis and simulation. Performance does not come up to publicity, but prospects for rapid improvement are good given a willingness to let pragmatism guide sound scientific development without demanding unrealistic short-term successes.

  • Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Treatment of Tumor Metastasis

    • 1st Edition
    • Motomichi Torisu + 1 more
    • English
    Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Treatment of Tumor Metastasis provides information pertinent to the basic mechanism of tumor metastasis and the clinical results with immunochemotherapy of cancer. This book explores the extensive studies of clinical trials of cancer immunotherapy by Japanese investigators who played a significant role in the clinical assessment of different immunomodulating drugs. Organized into five parts encompassing 36 chapters, this book begins with an overview of both the in vivo and in vitro behavior of metastatic tumor cells. This text then examines the pathogenesis of cancer metastasis and its possible modulation by immune cells per se of by those treated with immunopotentiators in experimental animals. Other chapters consider the effects of different soluble immune mediators on tumor cell growth and metastasis. This book discusses as well the immunobiology and immunopathology of human tumor cell metastasis. The final chapter deals with successful and unsuccessful trials with cancer immunotherapy using various biological and chemical compounds. This book is a valuable resource for biologists, oncologists, and clinical researchers.

  • Prehistoric Coastal Adaptations

    The Economy and Ecology of Maritime Middle America
    • 1st Edition
    • Barbara L. Stark + 1 more
    • English
    Prehistoric Coastal Adaptations: The Economy and Ecology of Maritime Middle America is a compendium of research papers and treatises on Middle American people who lived within coastal habitats. The collection aims to reveal distinctive coastal adaptations and the role of Middle American people in major social transformations. The book discusses topics on the history of occupations of certain coastal sites; correlation of site location to resource procurement patterns; settlement locations and subsistence evidence in the coastal and inland habitats of Costa Rica; and the maritime adaptation and the rise of Maya civilization. The final chapter of the book also discusses the future research directions in the study of Middle American coastal people. The text will be of value to archeologists, anthropologists, historians, ethnologists, and researchers.

  • The Alaskan Beaufort Sea

    Ecosystems and Environments
    • 1st Edition
    • Peter W. Barnes + 2 more
    • English
    The Alaskan Beaufort Sea: Ecosystems and Environments provides an interdisciplinary view into almost all aspects of the environment, with a detailed survey of the background literature. This book focuses on the Alaskan Beaufort Shelf environment. Organized into four parts encompassing 20 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the characteristics and history of the region in which the research took place and defines the objectives of the studies program. This text then examines the subsynoptic meteorological networks along the Beaufort Sea coast and shelf. Other chapters consider the thermally generated mesoscale effects on surface winds and the orographic mesoscale effects on surface winds. This book discusses as well the phytoplankton associations and relative phytoplankton production in the area between the 20-m depth contour and the edge of the ice in summer. The final chapter deals with the characteristics of the ice cover and oil-ice interactions that will affect cleanup activities after blowout. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and conservationists.

  • Lakes of New York State

    Ecology of the Lakes of Western New York
    • 1st Edition
    • Jay A. Bloomfield
    • English
    Lakes of New York State, Volume II: Ecology of the Lakes of Western New York intensively studies four lakes in the New York State—Chautauqua Lake, Onondaga Lake, Oneida Lake, and Irondequoit Bay. This book is divided into four chapters. Chapter 1 reviews the historical data of Oneida Lake that has a large base of 206.7 km2 and relatively shallow depth of 16.8 m. Irondequoit Bay is described in Chapter 2 as a lake with great recreational potential despite large inputs of municipal wastes to its tributary streams. Chapter 3 categorizes Chautauqua Lake as a productive fishery and recreational resource. Onondaga Lake is recognized in the last chapter as a receptacle for waste products due to man’s abusive activities on its shores. This volume provides interesting case studies for students or professionals interested in the impact of the activities of mankind on lakes.

  • Ecology of Insect Vector Populations

    • 1st Edition
    • R. C. Muirhead-Thomson
    • English
    Ecology of Insect Vector Populations provides a review and appraisal of the ecology of insect vectors of disease, with particular attention to the problems of sampling adult insect vector populations. The book examines the manner in which the inter-related problems of insect ecology, behavior, and population sampling have been explored over a wide range of investigations on disease vectors. The text focuses mainly on the study of blood-sucking dipterous insects such as tse-tse flies, mosquitoes, black-flies, and midges along with the appraisal of relevant studies on house-fly and blow-fly populations. The studies of the ecology of the wingless vectors of disease or plague such as the fleas are carried out extensively. The dissertation will be of interest to medical entomologists, animal ecologists, and epidemiologists.

  • Making Pollution Prevention Pay

    Ecology with Economy as Policy
    • 1st Edition
    • Donald Huisingh + 1 more
    • English
    Making Pollution Prevention Pay: Ecology with Economy as Policy is a collection of articles that helps in the understanding the concepts and experiences of industries that consider economic growth with environmental quality. The book presents 14 papers on the philosophy, technology, and economics of pollution prevention. The coverage of the text includes topics such as chemical recycling, waste management and reduction, and pollution prevention. The book also details the concept of “pollution prevention pays”; disposal cost reduction; and implication and procedures for waste elimination of hazardous wastes. The text will be of great interest to readers concerned with the various measures taken to preserve environmental health.

  • Paleoecology of Beringia

    • 1st Edition
    • David M. Hopkins + 2 more
    • English
    Paleoecology of Beringia is the product of a symposium organized by its editors, sponsored by the Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, and held at the foundation's conference center in Burg Wartenstein, Austria, 8-17 June 1979. The focus of this volume is on the paradox central to all studies of the unglaciated Arctic during the last Ice Age: that vertebrate fossils indicate that from 45,000 to 11,000 years BP an environment considerably more diverse and productive than the present one existed, whereas the botanical record, where it is not silent, supports a far more conservative appraisal of the region's ability to sustain any but the sparsest forms of plant and animal life. The volume is organized into seven parts. Part 1 focuses on the paleogeography of the Beringia. The studies in Part 2 explore the ancient vegatation. Part 3 deals with the steppe-tundra concept and its application in Beringia. Part 4 examines the paleoclimate while Part 5 is devoted to the biology of surviving relatives of the Pleistocene ungulates. Part 6 takes up the presence of man in ancient Beringia. Part 7 assesses the paleoecology of Beringia during the last 40,000 years

  • River Ecology and Man

    Proceedings of an International Symposium on River Ecology and the Impact of Man, Held at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, June 20-23, 1971
    • 1st Edition
    • Ray T. Oglesby + 2 more
    • English
    Environmental Sciences: River Ecology and Man covers papers on the subject of river ecology. The book provides a geomorphic and chemical overview of rivers, and discusses the zoological description of a river. The text also describes plant ecology in flowing water; man's impact on the Columbia river; and water quality management of the Delaware river. The uses of rivers and the human’s impact on the rivers of Columbia, Illinois, Nile, Thames, and Danube are also considered. The book further tackles regulated discharge and the stream environment; morphometric changes; and sedimentation (suspended solids). The text also looks into the effects of pesticides and industrial wastes on surface water use; the effects of radionuclides in river systems; and the multiple use of river systems. Environmental scientists, geologists, civil engineers, and scientists involved in the study of the natural resources, wildlife, and fisheries.

  • Biological, Bacteriological and Virological Examination

    A Reference Handbook
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael J. Suess
    • English
    Examination of Water for Pollution Control: A Reference Handbook, Volume 3: Biological, Bacteriological and Virological Examination is a part of a three-volume reference handbook that provides information and recommendations for setting up water pollution control programs and establishing a unified system for the analysis of fresh and waste water. This volume covers analytical procedures relevant to the examination of water organisms. A concise and systematic description of methods, such as sampling, storage, standardization, operation, and calculation relevant in quantifying variables concerning water organisms, is provided. This book will be of great help to professionals, such as health officials and epidemiologists whose work concerns water sanitation.

  • Principles of Regeneration

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard J. Goss
    • English
    Principles of Regeneration focuses on the principles, methodologies, and changes involved in the process of regeneration. The book first underscores the nature of the nucleus in Acetabularia, enzyme effects, role of ribonucleic acid in morphogenesis, and functions of the stentor. The text then takes a look at the turnover in hydroids and flatworms and regeneration blastema. Discussions focus on regeneration in hydra, interstitial cells, colonial hydroids, neoblasts, and morphogenetic fields. The publication surveys segmental addition in annelids and molting, metamorphosis, and regeneration in arthropods. The termination of regeneration, importance of nerves, morphogenesis, histogenesis of the regenerate, and role of the nerves are discussed. The manuscript also examines regeneration in fishes, amphibian limb, horns and antlers, and heads and tails. The manuscript is a dependable source of data for students of developmental biology, anatomy, and evolution, as well as teachers and researchers in biology and medicine.

  • Radiation Dosimetry

    • 1st Edition
    • Gerald J. Hine + 1 more
    • English
    Radiation Dosimetry focuses on the advancements, processes, technologies, techniques, and principles involved in radiation dosimetry, including counters and calibration and standardization techniques. The selection first offers information on radiation units and the theory of ionization dosimetry and interaction of radiation with matter. Topics include quantities derivable from roentgens, determination of dose in roentgens, ionization dosimetry of high-energy photons and corpuscular radiations, and heavy charged particles. The text then examines the biological and medical effects of radiation, as well as radiation effects in malignant tissues, levels of radiation, and mechanism of radiation effects on living cells. The publication takes a look at ionization chambers, Geiger-Mueller counters and proportional counters, scintillation detectors, and photographic film dosimetry, Discussions focus on calibration and standardization techniques, scintillating materials and their light yield, scintillation detector dosimetry of neutrons, and the physics of counters. The text also ponders on chemical and colorimetric indicators and survey instruments and pocket dosimeters. The selection is a dependable reference for readers interested in radiation dosimetry.

  • Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology

    Volume IV
    • 1st Edition
    • Bernard C. Patten
    • English
    Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology, Volume IV continues the organization begun in Volume III to document a meeting, Modeling and Analysis of Ecosystems, held at the University of Georgia on 1-3 March 1973. Several chapters are considerably expanded over their original concept, and several others are included which were not part of the symposium. The book is organized into five parts. Part I contains chapters on estuarine-marine ecosystems. Part II presents models of several terrestrial ecosystems. Part III has chapters devoted to human aspects of ecology. Part IV considers special problems of ecosystem modeling, namely linear versus nonlinear models, aggregation, and validation. Part V, the most extensive section, describes theory in ecosystem analysis. The book’s chapters demonstrate the current scope of systems ecology—its past and present emphasis on parts and mechanisms in simulation modeling, and its movement toward systems analysis and new, more formal consideration of wholes in theory. They make clear that although the systems approach is young in ecology, it has substantially enriched the science both methodologically and conceptually.

  • Coping and Defending

    Processes of Self-Environment Organization
    • 1st Edition
    • Norma Haan
    • David T. Lykken
    • English
    Coping and Defending: Processes of Self-Environment Organization investigates coping and defending within the context of personal-social psychology, with emphasis on processes of self-environment organization. Topics range from ego and stress to personality theory, family, and child rearing. Comprised of 13 chapters, this book begins with a discussion on theories and conceptualizations of ego, paying particular attention to its logical constraints as state; the neomechanical personal man; rational choice; and continuity and discontinuity in states. Subsequent chapters explore coping, defense, and fragmentation as ego processes; immanent value in personality theory; problems and perspectives in investigating ego processes; and the interregulation between structures and ego processes. The next section is largely devoted to empirically based findings concerning the development of ego processing; the link between stress and processing; and processing in families. The final chapter describes research aimed at developing and improving coping and defense scales based on personality inventories. This monograph will be of interest to developmentalists, cognitivists, personologists, clinicians, and social psychologists, as well as sociologists and perhaps anthropologists.

  • Physiology, Environment, and Man

    Based on a Symposium Conducted by the National Academy of Sciences–National Research Council, August, 1966
    • 1st Edition
    • Douglas H. K. Lee + 1 more
    • English
    Physiology, Environment, and Man is based on a symposium conducted by the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council, August 1966. While one might expect a textbook to present its field in organized and comprehensive fashion, a symposium necessarily follows more of an illustrative pattern, according to the personal interests or even idiosyncrasies of the participants. It is interesting to note that, in spite of these limitations, the presentations did in fact cover the range of physiological concerns with environmental effects, from the genetic to the temporal, and from the molecular to the holistic. The book opens with a discussion of the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council’s broad-based critical study of the physiological underpinning of current concepts of biological responses to toxic chemicals and physical stresses. Subsequent chapters deal with topics such as the metabolic fate of common environmental agents; growth and trophic factors in carcinogenesis; environmental factors in aging and mortality; adaptation to heat and cold; and the definition of an optimum environment.

  • Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology

    Volume III
    • 1st Edition
    • Bernard C. Patten
    • English
    Systems Analysis and Simulation in Ecology, Volume III, and its companion, Volume IV, grew out of a symposium, Modeling and Analysis of Ecosystems, held at the University of Georgia, 1-3 March 1973. The purposes of the meeting were to (i) review the status of ecosystem modeling, simulation, and analysis; (ii) provide a forum for interaction between U.S. International Biological Program (IBP) Biome modeling programs and selected non-IBP investigations involving systems approaches to ecosystem analysis; and (iii) identify and promote dialogue on key issues in macrosystem modeling. The volume is organized into two parts. Part I treats ecosystem modeling in the U.S. IBP. The introductory chapter is followed by five chapters describing grassland, deciduous forest, desert, tundra, and coniferous forest biome modeling. The concluding chapter is one of critique and evaluation. Part II is devoted mainly to freshwater ecosystems, grading into the estuarine system in the last chapter. The five chapters of this section encompass a simple thermal ecosystem, small woodland streams, a reservoir, one of the Great Lakes, a lake reclaimed from eutrophication, and a major estuary under stress of human impact.

  • Strategies for Survival

    Cultural Behavior in an Ecological Context
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael A. Jochim
    • English
    Strategies for Survival: Cultural Behavior in an Ecological Context focuses on the ecological relationships between cultural behavior and its environmental context. The proliferation of ecological studies within anthropology suggests the increasing emphasis given to the systemic context of behavior. The aim of this book is to develop a framework for examining these relationships and for comparing diverse ecological studies within a coherent conceptual structure. It seeks to include any aspect of behavior, to investigate the links between ideological and material factors, to broaden the view of relevant factors and possible assumptions, and to relate the processes of decision-making to their specific context in a manner allowing cross-cultural comparisons. In the process, certain popular forms of ecological explanation will be examined. In addition, specific behavioral examples will be investigated in an attempt to explain patterns of similarities and differences. This book is addressed to all individuals interested in human-environmental interactions, including professional anthropologists and general students of human behavior.

  • Eighth International Conference on Water Pollution Research

    Proceedings of the 8th International Conference, Sydney, Australia, 1976
    • 1st Edition
    • S. H. Jenkins
    • English
    Water Pollution Research covers the proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Water Pollution Research, held in Sydney, Australia on October 17-22, 1976. This book is composed of 150 and begins with discussions of the different sources of water pollution, including aerosolization, viral contamination, hydrocarbons, and heavy metals. Considerable chapters are devoted to various chemical processes for wastewater management; technical requirements for standard water quality; and methods of pollutant analysis. These topics are followed by surveys of Sydney's design of ocean outfall, an integrated pollution control system, and sewage sludge disposal. Other chapters describe the features of wastewater treatment reactors and other treatment alternatives. The remaining chapters present various case studies demonstrating the performance and improvements of different wastewater treatment facilities. This book will prove useful to water pollution researchers, environmentalists, and design engineers.

  • Biological Waste Treatment

    • 1st Edition
    • W. W. Eckenfelder + 1 more
    • English
    Biological Waste Treatment is the outgrowth of a course entitled ""Bio-oxidation of Organic Wastes—Theory and Design"" initiated at Manhattan College in 1955. The objective of the course was to present the fundamentals of bio-oxidation which would serve as a framework for the analysis, design, and operation of biological waste treatment facilities. This book reflects the authors' approach to the solution of waste treatment problems. It is intended as an engineering text that applies the principles of physics, chemistry, and biology of waste treatment to the design and operation of waste treatment facilities. The book begins with discussions of the pollutional characteristics of waste waters, the strength and flow of waste, waste treatment processes, and biochemical oxygen demand. Subsequent chapters cover the principles of biological oxidation, the theory and practice of aeration, stream and estuary analysis, and solid-liquid separation. The final chapters deal with aerobic and anaerobic biological treatment processes and sludge handling and disposal. Although this text is primarily intended to serve as a guide for the practicing engineer, it should also serve as a useful reference for graduate students in sanitary engineering.

  • Sulfur, Energy, and Environment

    • 1st Edition
    • Beat Meyer
    • English
    Sulfur, Energy, and Environment is a guide to the properties of sulfur; its three important compounds; and a review of the production, use, and recovery of sulfur in relation to energy production and environmental protection. After a brief introduction to the history of sulfur, the chemical properties of the element and some important compounds are reviewed, using common analytical methods. Sulfur is a strategic chemical in many modern applications and may make headway into high-volume non-chemical uses as it is being modified according to our changing technology and needs. The sources of sulfur and where it frequently occurs is explained. This discussion is followed by citing reviews of the four most important cycles, that is, the global sulfur cycle, hydrosphere, atmospheric sulfur budget, and the anthropogenic sulfur cycle. Sulfur production methods, coal combustion chemistry, and flue gas desulfurization are then described. The many uses of sulfur are described, including in medicine, agriculture, chemical industry, and the plastic industry. However, throughout the production of sulfur, problems affecting the environment occur, so environmental control and legislation are also discussed. Finally, the trends of sulfur research, production, use and recovery, role of chemistry, and the future overall area where science, energy, chemistry, and the environment exist together are presented. Chemists and chemistry students, industrialists, and environmental planners will find this guide to sulfur helpful. Lecturers in chemistry and researchers in the many fields of application of sulfur will likewise benefit from it.

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