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Elsevier

Books in Agricultural and biological sciences

The Agricultural and Biological Sciences collection advances science-based knowledge for the improvement of animal and plant life and for secure food systems that produce nutritious, novel, sustainable foods with minimal environmental impact. Food Science titles include not only those products from agriculture but all other aspects from food production to nutrition, health and safety, chemistry to security, policy, law and regulation. Biological Sciences address animal behaviour and biodiversity, organismal and evolutionary biology, entomology, marine biology and aquaculture, plant science and forestry.

  • Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates V5

    Molluscs: Pelecypods and Lesser Classes
    • 1st Edition
    • Arthur Giese
    • English
    Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates Volume V, Molluscs: Pelecypods and Lesser Classes presents valuable insights on the early evolution of molluscan reproductive biology. It discusses the asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction capacity, and developmental stages of pelecypods and the remaining smaller classes, including aplacophora, polyplacophora, and monoplacophora. One chapter in this volume provides a broad overview of the knowledge and problems on oyster reproductive biology. This book is ideal for marine biologists and researchers, reproductive biologists, and developmental biologists.

  • Iron Fortification of Foods

    • 1st Edition
    • Fergus Clydesdale
    • English
    Iron Fortification of Foods discusses in detail the problems encountered with different iron sources in staple foods, beverages, condiments, and salt, as well as provides a “how to” approach toward solving these problems in both developed and developing countries. Organized into three parts, the book begins with the discussion on the prevalence, causes, and treatment of anemia, as well as the effect of food on the availability of iron fortificants. It then describes the different iron sources, their interaction with food, and their bioavailability. Lastly, it explores the critical area of product application. The book significantly provides needed information for almost anyone, in any country, interested in fortifying food with iron and in treating iron deficiency anemia.

  • Economics of food processing in the United States

    • 1st Edition
    • Chester O. Jr. McCorkler
    • English
    Economics of Food Processing in the United States aims to provide an economic overview of the food processing industries in the United States; to explore the firm-level implications of social, economic, technological, and institutional forces for selected food processing industries; and to uncover some of the implications for consumers, raw product producers, and the national economy of the major trends observed in food industries. The book begins by evaluating the major forces shaping demand, supply, prices, and trade in processed foods. It then considers major trends in technical processes; major forces in marketing, distribution, and structure; and major trends in regulation. The next few chapters explore these trends for five specific food processing industries, which represent major types of products processed: fruits and vegetables, meat, milk, grain and soybeans, and wine. After the specific industries have been examined, the final two chapters treat these industries in the context of the national and international economy. Students preparing for careers, researchers, and industry participants who study these firms and industries and the various approaches to solving their economic and management problems will benefit from the information in this volume and from its approach to presenting the dynamics of the food processing industries.

  • Isozymes V3

    Developmental Biology
    • 1st Edition
    • Clement Markert
    • English
    Isozymes, III: Developmental Biology contains manuscripts presented at the Third International Conference on isozymes convened in April 1974 at Yale University. Separating 61 manuscripts into chapters, this book begins by discussing the areas of ""isozymology"" that appear particularly promising for further developmental analysis. This text also looks into the role of isozymes as genetic markers in early mammalian development, as well as the mechanisms of intracellular enzyme localization. Significant topics on specific isozymes are given separately in other chapters.

  • The Role of Insectivorous Birds in Forest Ecosystems

    • 1st Edition
    • James G. Dickson
    • English
    The Role of Insectivorous Birds in Forest Ecosystems is a publication of the proceedings of The Role of Insectivorous Birds in Forest Ecosystems symposium, held on July 13 and 14, 1978 at Nacogdoches, Texas. The proceedings discuss the ecology of insectivorous birds and acknowledge their roles in forest ecosystems. The book begins with an introduction to and history of insectivorous birds and their roles in forest ecosystems. It then discusses the sampling methods for bird and insect populations, bird foraging strategies, and ecology of insectivorous bird species and communities. This book will be helpful to forest managers in managing insectivorous birds. It is also especially valuable in formulating biological control strategies for use in forests.

  • The Cell Nucleus V3

    • 1st Edition
    • Harris Busch
    • English
    The Cell Nucleus, Volume III focuses mainly on nucleic acids, nuclear proteins, and special aspects of nuclear functions. This volume particularly discusses the organization of bacterial and viral DNA, as well as the nuclear DNA of eukaryotic organisms. It also describes nuclear DNA polymerases, precursors of messenger RNA, ribonucleoproteins, and nuclear high- and low-molecular-weight RNAs. Furthermore, this volume looks into the two broad classes of nuclear proteins: histones and nonhistone proteins. It also presents advances made in the knowledge of mammalian DNA-dependent RNA polymerase, cytochemical detection of nuclear enzymes, and nuclear protein synthesis. Moreover, it elucidates the effects of female steroid hormones on target cell nuclei, describes the nucleus during avian erythropoiesis, and reports the general properties of intranuclear viruses.

  • Insect Biology in The Future

    VBW 80
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Locke
    • English
    Insect Biology in the Future: ""VBW 80"" contains essays presented to Sir Vincent Wigglesworth during his 80th year. Wigglesworth is fairly designated as the founding father and remarkable leader of insect physiology. His papers and other works significantly contribute to this field of study. This book, dedicated to him, underlines the value of insect material in approaching a wide spectrum of biological issues. The essays in this book tackle the insects' physiology, including their evolution and dominance. The papers also discuss the various avenues of water loss and gain as interrelated components of overall water balance in land arthropods. This reference suggests possible areas for further research mainly at the whole animal level. It also describes the fat body, hemolymph, endocrine control of vitellogenin synthesis, reproduction, growth, hormones, chemistry, defense, and survival of insects. Other topics of importance include cell communication and pattern formation in insects; plant-insect interaction; and insecticides.

  • Concepts in Radiation Cell Biology

    • 1st Edition
    • Gary Whitson
    • English
    Concepts in Radiation Cell Biology summarizes current concepts related to the effects of radiation on cell biology, with emphasis on the underlying macromolecular basis for cellular changes in irradiated cells. It explores the effects of non-ionizing radiation, such as ultraviolet and visible light; the use of laser light in cellular studies; and the biological effects of ionizing radiation on cells. Results of ultraviolet studies implicating DNA as the main target macromolecule responsible for radiation injury, such as division delays, lethality, and delayed DNA replication, are presented. Divided into eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of ultraviolet irradiation of DNA as well as the physical and biological properties of irradiated DNA. It then discusses methods used in the photoinactivation of viruses; the effects of ultraviolet radiation on bacteria; radiation-induced biochemical changes in protozoa; and techniques for the analysis of radiation-induced mitotic delay in synchronously dividing sea urchin eggs. The book also covers the effects of radiation on mammalian cells; the effects of ionizing radiation on higher plants; and the photodynamic effects of laser light on cells. This book is a valuable resource for cell biologists, as well as students and investigators who are seeking the necessary information for further experimentation in radiation cell biology.

  • Plant Regeneration and Genetic Variability

    • 1st Edition
    • Indra Vasil
    • English

  • Photosynthesis V2

    Development, Carbon Metabolism, and Plant Productivity
    • 1st Edition
    • Govindjee
    • English
    Photosynthesis, Volume II: Development, Carbon Metabolism, and Plant Productivity provides a basic understanding of photosynthesis. This book also explains how to manipulate photosynthesis and improve the overall rate of photosynthesis of a single plant. It focuses on the use of NADPH and ATP in bicarbonate fixation. Comprise of 16 chapters, this book covers topics beginning with the concept of photosynthesis. It further discusses manipulating the genetics and molecular biology of the system. In addition, it explains the biogenesis of photosynthetic apparatus, photorespiration, and environmental regulation among others. As the chapters progress, the topics discussed also increase in terms of technical and scientific concepts, as seen in Chapters 10 and 11. These focus on the translocation of photosynthates and leaf and canopy behavior. The application of the knowledge about photosynthesis to plant productivity is also discussed. A chapter is dedicated to it, including various opinions in the said subject matter. Chapters 14 and 15 contain special topics on canopy photosynthesis and yield in soybean, as well as the effect of bicarbonate on photosynthetic electron transport. This book will be a reference source for researchers. It will also be an introductory book for graduate students specializing in plant biology, biophysics, and physiology; agronomy; and botany.

  • The Quality of Foods and Beverages V2

    Chemistry and Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • George Charalambous
    • English
    The Quality of Foods and Beverages, Volume II: Chemistry and Technology contains the proceedings of the second International Flavor Conference held in Athens, Greece, on July 20-24, 1980. The conference presents findings of 105 scientists from 20 countries on the chemistry and technology underlying the quality of foods and beverages. This volume is composed of 26 papers presented in the conference. It covers topics on ingredients of smoke and smoke flavor preparations; enzymatic flavor development in foods; enhancement of fruit flavors in dessert; practical applications of new forms of dried fruits; and quality evaluation of macadamia nuts. It also explains moisture relations of food microorganisms; pollution of liquid food by PVC container; views on food developments in Sweden and Italy; and advances in Shoyu research. Additionally, the advances in legume processing; changes in the organoleptic quality of spices and their oleoresinsin stored food products; and flavoring of extrusion cooked and textured meat extenders and analog are explained. This reference also discusses the determination of cocoa butter substitutes in chocolate; application of HPLC for evaluation of coffee flavor quality; and certain elements in Greek wines. This book is useful to all food industry practitioners, as it provides a comprehensive research reports on numerous chemical and technological facets of the quality of foods and beverages.

  • Nuclear-Cytoplasmic Interactions in the Cell Cycle

    • 1st Edition
    • Gary Whitson
    • English

  • Biochemistry and Physiology of Protozoa

    • 2nd Edition
    • M Levendowsky
    • English
    Biochemistry and Physiology of Protozoa, Second Edition, Volume 1 is organized into 13 chapters, beginning with a discussion on fine structure and phytogeny of phytoflagellates. This book discusses the structural features of protozoan cytochromes. Subsequent chapters explain sterol and carotenoid distributions in various groups, phycobiliproteins in cryptomonads, halotolerance in Dunaliella, physiology of coccolithophorids, the ameboflagellates, and bioluminescence of phytoflagellates. This edition also describes the most severe and best known of the toxins, saxitoxin, produced by species of Gonyaulax. Lastly, the physiological ecology of red tide flagellates is explained.

  • Biology of Bats

    • 1st Edition
    • William Wimsatt
    • English
    Biology of Bats, Volume I, examines most of the basic characteristics related to the anatomy, physiology, behavior, and ecology of the bat. It covers the animal's evolution, as well as karyology, bioeconomics, zoogeography, principles of classification, and procedures and issues involved in the care and management of bats as research subjects in the laboratory. Organized into 10 chapters, this volume begins with a historical overview of bat origins and evolution, karyotypic trends in bats, and the role of karyotypes in studying the biology of bats. It then discusses the bat skeletal and muscular systems; flight patterns and aerodynamics; prenatal and postnatal development; migration and homing; ecology and physiological ecology of bat hibernation; thermoregulation and metabolism; and the urinary system, including gross anatomy and embryology, histophysiology, and renal physiology. It also looks at morphological contrasts between the skulls and dentitions of different families and genera of bats. This book will benefit biologists, zoologists, teachers, and others concerned with the general biology of Chiroptera.

  • The Genetics Of Altruism

    • 1st Edition
    • Scott Boorman + 1 more
    • English
    The Genetics of Altruism covers the primary findings on social evolution, social trait, and altruism from a population genetics standpoint to establish a system of genetic boxes. It presents an evolutionary question with two faces: Why are there so many social species? Why, in all the diversity of the animal kingdom, are the social species so few? To address the evolutionary question, this book focuses on recognition of the fact that on an evolutionary time, scale genetics must underlie all changes in the capacity for social structure and other aspects of organic evolution. It presents comparative analyses framed in mathematical terms; mathematical concepts as a means of getting outside human, perhaps more generally primate and carnivore; frames of reference; and alternative network combinatorics as a natural basis for comparing social structures that are phylogenetically remote. It also discusses the comparative biology of social behavior on a purely descriptive basis through the social and evolutionary structures emergent. The book concludes by discussing major evolutionary pathways, various kinds of preadaptedness for sociality, and the use of cascade principle to suggest ways in which human evolution may have been a special case. This book is a valuable resource for biologists, social scientists, researchers, students, and all those who want to broaden their knowledge in the field of social behavior and altruism.

  • The Molecular Biology of Ciliated Protozoa

    • 1st Edition
    • Joseph Gall
    • English
    The Molecular Biology of Ciliated Protozoa covers topics that are unique to ciliates, including major molecular progress, genetics, life history, and development of ciliates. Organized into 11 chapters, it focuses on the importance of ciliated protozoa as experimental organisms. The introductory chapter traces the ups and downs of ciliate biology, emphasizing the prominent role of the ciliates in early studies of cell structure, reproduction, and heredity. The book goes on to discuss ciliate genetics and conjugation, providing the basic biological framework for molecular studies of ciliate. Chapters 4 and 5 cover the nuclear DNA content, sequence, and arrangement of holotrichous and hypotrich ciliates. Chapters 6 to 9 examine the characterization of chromosomal telomeres, ribosomal gene amplification, and chromatin and histone structure using ciliated protozoa as experimental organisms. The final two chapters describe the mating mechanism of two ciliates, Blepharisma japonicum and Euplotes raikovi, and the function of surface antigens of Paramecium ciliate. The book is intended for students and investigators who want to learn more about the ciliated protozoa, particularly, in areas that cover fundamental features of eukaryotic biology.

  • Mobile Genetic Elements

    • 1st Edition
    • James Shapiro
    • English
    Mobile Genetic Elements introduces the nonspecialist to the biology and genetics of mobile elements. It attempts to make the biochemistry of DNA rearrangements more accessible to embryologists and evolutionists, and to illuminate the related developmental cycles to the biochemist. The book also shows how natural the activity of mobile elements can be in diverse biological situations. The chapters describe several well-studied cases in which genetic determinants—often identified as specific nucleic acid sequences—repeatedly change their positions within or between cellular genomes. Because their genomic positions are not fixed, these determinants may conveniently be classed together under the rubric of mobile genetic elements. The book begins with a discussion of maize controlling elements. This is followed by separate chapters on the bacteriophages λ and Mu; nonviral mobile elements in bacteria; transposable Ty elements in brewer's yeast; Drosophila transposable element; and hybrid dysgenesis. Subsequent chapters cover vertebrate retroviruses; Agrobacterium oncogenesis in plants; flagellar phase variation in Salmonella; yeast mating type; and surface antigenic variation in trypanosomes.

  • Social Behavior of Female Vertebrates

    • 1st Edition
    • Samuel Wasser
    • English
    Social Behavior of Female Vertebrates focuses on the evolution of reproductive behavior in female vertebrates ranging from fish to birds and humans, including issues of mate choice and other factors underlying female attitudes toward males. It also looks at the evolution of mating systems; the co-evolution of the sexes; sex-role reversal; reproductive competition between females; maternal behavior; and how females enhance the investment received by their offspring from others. It also considers other social behaviors that influence the nature of affiliative associations between females. Organized into three parts encompassing 13 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of behavioral biology and sources of variation in female reproductive success. It then discusses the establishment and maintenance of sex biases, sex differences mediated by sexual selection, constraints on female choice in the mottled sculpin, mate choice by females in sexual selection of bird song, and female manipulation of male avoidance of cuckoldry behavior in the ring dove. The reader is also introduced to the evolution of polyandry in shorebirds; reproductive strategies in human females; social and health-seeking behaviors of Taiwanese women; female roles in cooperatively breeding acorn woodpeckers; altruism in coati bands; cooperation and reproductive competition among female African elephants; mate choice in matrilineal macaque groups; and reproductive competition and cooperation among female yellow baboons. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and behavioral biologists, as well as lay people whose interests span a variety of fields.

  • Archabacteria

    • 1st Edition
    • Carl R. Woese
    • English
    The Bacteria, A Treatise on Structure and Function, Volume VIII: Archaebacteria is divided into three major parts and is further subdivided into several chapters. Each part deals with a specific area of study regarding archaebacteria. Part I tackles the biochemical diversity and ecology of archaebacteria, while Part II discusses translation apparatus of these organisms. The last part focuses on archaebacteria’s general molecular characteristics. Generally, the physiological, morphological, ecological, and molecular aspects of the archaebacteria are discussed in this volume. This book also covers a historical distinction between prokaryote-eukaryote and the simultaneous development of archaebacteria. This book is a recommended reference for biologists and scientists who are interested in the unique characteristics of archaebacteria as a very special type of bacteria. These organisms provide a “new world” for thermophilic organisms and at the same time make experts reexamine their idea of prokaryotes. Their relationship to eukaryotes leads people to believe that archaebacteria are truly a “new kingdom of organisms”.

  • Taxonomy, Kinetoplastids, and Flagellates of Fish

    • 1st Edition
    • Julius Kreir
    • English
    Parasitic Protozoa, Volume I: Taxonomy, Kinetoplastids, and Flagellates of Fish contains 10 chapters that first discuss the classification of the protozoans, and then explain the system of parasitic protozoans. This reference material focuses on the significant aspects specifically related to Leishmania and trypanosomes, including the trypanosomes causing disease in man and livestock in Africa, as well as the nonpathogenic trypanosomes of mammals. Lastly, the flagellate parasites of fish are described. This book will be invaluable to physicians and veterinarians interested in studying the parasite's disease-causing property in man and livestock.

  • Monoclonal Antibodies

    Probes for The Study of Autoimmunity and Immunodeficiency
    • 1st Edition
    • Barton Haynes
    • English
    Monoclonal Antibodies: Probes for the Study of Autoimmunity and Immunodeficiency focuses on the research/studies using monoclonal antibodies in two major classes of diseases, which are autoimmunity and immunodeficiency. The book comprises of 14 chapters; each is written in detail and includes studies using monoclonal antibodies of the pathogenesis and treatment of various types of diseases of disordered immunity. The first chapter presents an overview of the use of monoclonal antibodies in the study of autoimmunity and immunodeficiency. The following chapters focus on other monoclonal reagents and their uses and applications to different diseases. The last four chapters discuss specific classic endocrine diseases in reference to discoveries regarding the beginning of autoimmune mechanisms and pathophysiology. Because the book is technically written, students with background in biology, microbiology, and biochemistry are most likely the target audience of this book. Other parties in the fields of immunology, clinical medicine, pathology, and physiology will also find this book a good reference material.

  • Biology of Fertilization V2

    Biology of The Sperm
    • 1st Edition
    • Charles Metz
    • English
    Biology of Fertilization, Volume 2: Biology of the Sperm is the second in a three-volume series that brings together various lines of research about reproduction in general and fertilization in particular. It is devoted to spermatogenesis, sperm physiology, and the initial interactions of sperm with egg components. The book is organized into three parts. Part I on spermatogenesis and sperm physiology includes studies on the evolution of the sperm cell; regulatory mechanisms, sperm antigen differentiation, and maturation of sperm in the reproductive tracts in mammals; physicochemical mechanisms of the acrosome filament extrusion process; and enzymes associated with sperm cell function. Part II deals with chemotaxis in microorganisms: bacteria and slime molds. Part III on gamete recognition and binding includes studies on identifying, isolating, and characterizing specific sperm and egg surface components involved in sperm-egg interaction; fertilization in the alga Fucus; fertilization in insects; and the role of lysins in fertilization.

  • Herbivorous Insects

    Host-seeking Behavior and mechanisms
    • 1st Edition
    • Sami Ahmad
    • English
    Herbivorous Insects: Host-Seeking Behavior and Mechanisms addresses mechanisms of searching behavior leading ultimately to host location of herbivorous insects. It is divided into four sections, wherein the first two sections deal with neurophysiology and the diversity of behavioral induction cues. The third section covers the searching mechanisms as affected by insects' breadth of diet. The last part examines the evolutionary analysis of the behavioral and physiological adaptations in insect/host plant relations. This book starts with an introduction to the chemical sensory system as it relates to host selection in general. This is followed by considerable discussions on host-seeking behavior and allied patterns in behavior. This text also includes the study of oviposition behavior in butterflies belonging to Papilionidae. The third section presents host selection and colonization by three insects within the saprophage-predator continuum, namely, Hylurgopinus rufipes, Scolytus multistriatus, and Pissodes strobi. The behaviors by which certain oligophagous insects locate and select food plants are also considered. The concluding part addresses the unifying theme and the diversity of responses of phytophagous insects to plants. The book provides direction toward developing a unifying theme and improving the ability to unravel the complexities of insect/plant interactions. Behaviorists, ecologists, entomologists, evolutionary biologists, and physiologists will find this book invaluable.

  • Fungal Wilt Diseases of Plants

    • 1st Edition
    • Marshal Mace
    • English
    Fungal Wilt Diseases of Plants focuses on wilt diseases caused by the fungal genera Verticillium, Fusarium, and Ceratocystis. Special attention is given to the interactions of physiological, biochemical, and anatomical factors, as these relate to pathogenesis and mechanisms of disease resistance. Organized into 16 chapters, this book begins with a description, in a historical perspective, of the major research themes in fungal wilt diseases. It then looks into the worldwide status of this plant disease. The three subsequent chapters describe the epidemiology and life cycle of the major fungal wilt pathogens in Fusarium, Verticillium, and Ceratocystis. This book also provides an in-depth view of the genetics and biochemistry of these pathogens; the nature of pathogenesis and the effects of wilt pathogens on host-water relations; and the sources and genetics of host resistance in field and fruit crops, vegetable crops, and shade trees. Other chapters are dedicated to the biochemistry, physiology, and the anatomical aspects of resistance and to the progress in the biological and chemical control of these pathogens. This text will be of great value to graduate students and senior research scientists in plant pathology, physiology, and biochemistry, who are specifically involved in studying wilt diseases and host-parasite interactions. It will provide them the detailed background information needed to supplement their specialized research interests.

  • Ethylene in Plant Biology

    • 1st Edition
    • Frederick Abeles
    • English
    Ethylene in Plant Biology focuses on the role of ethylene in plant physiology and the interrelationship between ethylene, fruit ripening, and respiration. It summarizes the physiology, biochemistry, production, regulation, plant effects, metabolism, and mechanism of action of ethylene. This book presents an introduction to basic chemistry of ethylene and available techniques for its sampling and analysis. Then, it discusses the rate, environmental conditions, and reactions involved in ethylene production. Chapter 4 examines the effects of herbicides and hormones, such as auxin, gibberellins, cytokinins, and abscisic acid, on ethylene production. Meanwhile, the next chapter studies the so-called stress ethylene phenomenon in plants. In particular, this book examines the role of insects, temperature, water, gamma-irradiation, and mechanical and chemical stimuli in stress ethylene. The biochemical aspects of ethylene are covered in the subsequent chapters. These include its role in growth and development of plant, phytogerontological activity, role in ethylene synthesis, respiration, pigmentation, and hormone regulation. Chapter 9 presents the activity of ethylene relative to other hydrocarbon analogs and dose-response relationships for a number of ethylene-mediated processes. The concluding chapters tackle the attachment of ethylene to its site of action, including epinasty, root initiation, intumescence formation, and floral initiation. A discussion on the issue of ethylene air pollution is included. This book will be useful to both undergraduate students and professional workers, especially those who have background in plant anatomy, plant physiology, or biochemistry.

  • Biotechnology in Plant Science

    Relevance to Agriculture in the Eighties
    • 1st Edition
    • Milton Zaitlin
    • English
    Biotechnology in Plant Science: Relevance to Agriculture in the Eighties reflects the exchange of ideas among the participants in a symposium held at Cornell University in 1985. This reference highlights advances in and applications of biotechnology. Applications include plant breeding and agricultural business. This book is comprised of research articles emphasizing available technologies including tissue culture and plant transformation. Papers included in this reference also cover topics on genes for transformation and plant molecular biology and agrichemicals. As this reference focuses more on tissue culture, it specifically explains plant regeneration and genetic events. The book discusses the roles of various institutions and sectors in advancing biotechnology and related fields. It also provides two panel discussions on the implications of the technological advances in conjunction with the issues about these innovations. Researchers, lecturers, and students in biotechnology and agriculture will find this anthology an excellent reference for further studies and research in biotechnology and its applications to agriculture.

  • The Structure of Nematodes

    • 1st Edition
    • Alan Bird
    • English
    The Structure of Nematodes attempts to connect the research on the fine structure of nematodes, as seen with the aid of the electron microscope, with the research on these animals done with the aid of the light microscope. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with the detailed information on modern techniques that have proved to be successful with nematodes. The other chapters deal with the organism’s exoskeleton; molting; the hypodermis; the pseudocoelom; musculature; the nervous, excretory, digestive, and reproductive systems; and the egg. This book caters to all workers interested in nematodes, particularly, to zoologists, medical research workers, veterinarians, and to agricultural scientists.

  • Protein-Calorie Malnutrition

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert Olson
    • English
    Protein-Calorie Malnutrition reviews the state of knowledge of metabolic phenomena in the syndromes embraced by the general term protein-calorie malnutrition (PCM), and places this new knowledge in perspective with the traditional descriptions of kwashiorkar and marasmus. The clarification it provides constitutes a benchmark for design of future programs of prevention, therapy, rehabilitation, research, or teaching. Highly noteworthy are the new advances in amino acid and protein metabolism; the enlightening evidence concerning lysine and carnitine; the evidences of derangements or deficiencies of the broad spectrum of nutrients from carbohydrates to vitamins and minerals; and the implications of these for recovery and therapy. This book includes papers on the following: the impact of age on amino acid requirements; the mechanisms of adaptation to low-protein intakes; the metabolic consequences of essential amino acid deficiency in higher animals; carbohydrate metabolism; vitamin deficiencies associated with PCM; and mineral metabolism in PCM. Other studies deal with the effects of malnutrition on endocrine function; liver function in PCM; the synergistic interaction of malnutrition and infection; and the treatment and prevention of PCM.

  • Cognitive Processes of Nonhuman Primates

    • 1st Edition
    • Leonard Jarrard
    • English
    Cognitive Processes of Nonhuman Primates covers the proceedings of the Sixth Annual Symposium on Cognition, held at Carnegie-Mellon University on March 26 and 27, 1970. The symposium focuses on the status of research dealing with complex behavioral processes of monkeys and apes, providing insights into complex behavior of human and nonhuman primates. Composed of nine chapters, this book covers short-term memory in the monkey and how this relates to human short-term memory. A chapter compares memory deficits that accompany brain dysfunction in animals and man. The following chapters discuss the analysis of the development of language in a young female chimpanzee and the cogent analysis of interaction between habits and concepts in the monkey. The effects of early deprived and enriched environment on later complex behavioral processes of monkeys are also explained. Moreover, this book goes on examining the nonhuman brain capacities and the continuities with human behavior. It also discusses important research comparing delayed-response performance of several species of monkeys, age groups of children, and adults. The book will be of great help to scientists, researchers, teachers, and students who are interested in cognition processes and memory of nonhuman primates and humans.

  • The Genus Coelomomyces

    • 1st Edition
    • John Couch
    • English
    The Genus Coelomomyces aims to elucidate the utilization of Coelomomyces spp. as agents for the biological control of mosquitoes. This book begins with the life history of species of Coelomomyces, followed by the species’ structure and development. It also expounds the taxonomy, experimental systematics, physiology, biochemistry, and culture of Coelomomyces. Lastly, it discusses the ecology and use of Coelomomyces species in biological control. This book will serve as a catalyst for new and expanded studies on Coelomomyces species.

  • Woody Plant Communities

    • 1st Edition
    • T.T. Kozlowski
    • English
    Water Deficits and Plant Growth, Volume VI: Woody Plant Communities focuses on the water relations of woody plants in a community context. Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with a quantitative overview of sources of water available to woody plants. Separate chapters follow that discuss the water relations of coniferous, temperate hardwood, and tropical and subtropical forests and woodlands; apple and citrus orchards; closely related woody plants; and tea plantations. For each of these plant communities, emphasis is placed on hydrological cycles; water use and transpiration; absorption of water; and effects of environmental factors on soil and plant water balance. The effects of water deficits on physiological processes; vegetative and reproductive growth; yield of harvested products; drought resistance; and cultural practices affecting plant water balance and yield are also emphasized in this book. This volume will be useful to both researchers and those involved in the practice of growing woody plants for wood and fruit crops and for esthetic values.

  • Soy Protein and Human Nutrition

    • 1st Edition
    • Harold Wilcke
    • English

  • Transport and Transfer Process in Plants

    • 1st Edition
    • I Wardlaw
    • English
    Transport and Transfer Processes in Plants presents the proceedings of a symposium held in Canberra, Australia, in December 1975 under the auspices of the U.S.-Australia Agreement for Scientific and Technical Cooperation. It explores how organic materials and nutrients are distributed in plants and how plants are influenced by the interactions between various forms of both long- and short-distance transport. The book also considers how environmental factors regulate plant growth, how nutrients may be used in a more efficient manner, and how plants acquire disease. Divided into three parts encompassing 39 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the mechanisms underlying transport and distribution in plants; the effect of phloem capacity on plant growth and development; and short-distance transfer. It then introduces the reader to plasmodesmata and symplastic transport; how flow affects solute transport in plants; cytoplasmic streaming in characean algae; occurrence and function of transfer cells; movement of solutes from host to parasite in nematode infected roots; and nutrient uptake by roots and transport to the xylem. The book also discusses symplasmic transport and ion release to the xylem; regulation of nutrient uptake by cells and roots; transfer of ions and products of photosynthesis to guard cells; and vascular patterns in higher plants. It considers histochemical approaches to water-soluble compounds and their use in addressing problems of translocation; long-distance movement of tobacco mosaic virus in Nicotiana glutinosa; the influence of stomatal behavior on long-distance transport; and water transport through plants. This book will be a valuable resource for scientists, students, and researchers.

  • Plant Improvement and Somatic Cell Genetics

    • 1st Edition
    • Indra Asil
    • English
    Plant Improvement and Somatic Cell Genetics includes all but one of the papers presented at two symposia held during the XIII International Botanical Congress in Sydney, Australia, on August 21-28, 1981. ""Frontiers in Plant Breeding"" and ""Cell Culture and Somatic Cell Genetics in Plant Biology"" highlight the ways in which plant breeding techniques can improve crops. The book explores the potentials as well as the limitations of plant breeding, and cellular and molecular techniques in plant improvement. Comprised of 14 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the potential applications of exotic germplasm for tomato and cereal crop improvement. It continues with a discussion of multiline breeding, breeding of crop plants that can tolerate soil stresses, combining genomes by means of conventional methods, use of embryo culture in interspecific hybridization, use of haploids in plant improvement, and somaclonal variation and somatic hybridization as new techniques for plant improvement. The reader is also introduced to plant cell culture, as well as somatic cell genetics of cereals and grasses, somatic cell fusion for inducing cytoplasmic exchange, uses of cell culture mutants, genetic transformation of plant cells by experimental procedures in the context of plant genetic engineering, and use of molecular biology techniques for recognition and modification of crop plant genotypes. This book will be a useful resource for scientists and plant breeders interested in applying somatic cell genetics for crop improvement.

  • Additional Woody Crop Plants V7

    • 1st Edition
    • T.T. Kozlowski
    • English
    Water Deficits and Plant Growth, Volume VII: Additional Woody Crop Plants is an extension of Volume VI of this treatise and deals primarily with water relations of woody crop plants in a community context. Organized into five chapters, this book begins with the important problem of predicting effects of vegetation changes on transpiration and evaporation. Separate chapters follow that discuss water relations of cotton, small fruits, grapevines, and peach trees and orchards. For each of these plant communities, emphasis is placed on hydrological cycles; water use and transpiration; absorption of water; and effects of environmental factors on soil and plant water balance. The effects of water deficits on physiological processes; vegetative and reproductive growth; yield of harvested products; drought resistance; and cultural practices affecting plant water balance and yield are also emphasized in this book. This volume will be useful to both researchers and those involved in the practice of growing woody plants for crops or for esthetic values.

  • Energy From Forest Biomass

    • 1st Edition
    • W. Ramsay Smith
    • English
    Energy from Forest Biomass is a book that emerged from the papers presented at the International Union of Forestry Research Organization (IUFRO) XVII World Congress held in Kyoto, Japan. This book includes 18 papers representing different authors from nine countries. The book is divided into four parts. The first part contains discussions of the various researches on fuel plantations around the world, as well as harvesting techniques and associated costs. The second part discusses information on the actual and potential availability of biomass from sources other than fuel plantations. This part also examines the different types of biomass fuels currently used in Japan. The third part deals with the intermediate technology that can be used, such as charcoal production and direct combustion. The last part discusses the innovations in producing energy, such as gasification and liquidification. This book will be useful to graduate and undergraduate students, researchers, scientists, and readers who are interested in the use of biomass for energy purposes.

  • Evolutionary processes and theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Evitar Nevo
    • English
    Evolutionary Processes and Theory contains the proceedings of a workshop held in Israel in March 1985. Contributors explore evolutionary processes and theory and highlight advances in knowledge concerning differentiation, metabolic and immunological mechanisms, and the molecular biology of the genome. Issues that are being debated are also considered, including the origin and evolution of sexual systems, the genetics of altruism, and general forms and levels of social evolution. This volume is organized into six sections encompassing 33 chapters and begins with an overview of the evolutionary problems of molecular biology. Some chapters are devoted to topics such as the role of gene regulation in evolutionary processes; the structural diversity and evolution of intermediate filament proteins; and adaptation and evolution in the immune system. The next section examines the tempo and mode of molecular evolution, including that of hybrid dysgenesis systems, as well as the statistical aspects of the molecular clock. Later chapters focus on DNA and protein sequences; sexual selection and speciation; and the relation between speciation mechanisms and macroevolutionary patterns. The book also methodically explains population genetics, with particular reference to the altruistic behavior in sibling groups with unrelated intruders, the endosperm evolution in higher plants, and the evolutionary aspects of sexual reproduction in predominantly asexual populations. This book will be of interest to geneticists and molecular biologists.

  • High Pressure Liquid Chromatography

    Biochemical and Biomedical Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Phyllis Brown
    • English
    High Pressure Liquid Chromatography: Biochemical and Biomedical Applications covers basic information on high pressure liquid chromatography in a simple and concise manner. It describes high pressure liquid chromatography, encompassing the method’s history and advantages. The book explains the instrumentations, experimental methods, peak identification, quantitation, and applications of high pressure liquid chromatography. It also discusses the pitfalls likely to be encountered in utilizing such method. This reference serves as an introductory book for all those who are unfamiliar with high pressure liquid chromatography. This book can also be used as a reference for those who are currently using the technique. It can also aid in promoting the use of high pressure liquid chromatography in all biochemical and biomedical researches.

  • Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity by NK Cells

    • 1st Edition
    • Ronald Herberman
    • English
    Mechanisms of Cytotoxicity by NK Cells is the resulting book of a workshop focused on the studies that enhance understanding of the basic mechanisms involved in the function and regulation of NK cells. The book presents the status of knowledge of the mechanisms responsible for the cytotoxic effects of NK cells and the regulation of their activity. The text is further divided into five major sections according to the sequence of the workshop sessions. A separate chapter from the sections has been included at the beginning of the book. The introductory chapter clarifies some points in the subject area of NK cells, particularly its definition. The heterogeneity of NK cells is also discussed in this chapter. Then, the book presents the major topics, including the purification and characterization of NK cells and NK target structures and recognition sites. The mechanisms of postrecognition interactions between NK cells and targets; regulation of NK activity and NK cells; and cultured cells with NK-like activity are also discussed. This book will serve as a helpful guide to students and professionals (scientists, researchers, and professors) in the fields of immunology, biology, microbiology, biochemistry, among others.

  • Regulation of Parasite Populations

    • 1st Edition
    • Gerald Esch
    • English
    Regulation of Parasite Populations is composed of the proceedings of a symposium held at New Orleans, on November 10-14, 1975, and jointly sponsored by the American Microscopial Society and the American Society of Parasitologists. The symposium focuses on the literatures dealing with the regulation of parasite populations. It also introduces some concepts and notions regarding this field of interest. This book reports the five papers presented in the symposium, beginning with the concept of parasitism. It specifically explains the regulation of fish parasite populations and the role of arrested development in the regulation of nematode populations. Aside from the subject at hand, the complementary nature of laboratory work, field studies, and mathematical modeling are explained. This compilation corresponds to an effort to “bridge a gap” between some of the ideas and thoughts in ecology and parasitology.

  • Gene Probes for Bacteria

    • 1st Edition
    • Alberto Macario
    • English
    Gene Probes for Bacteria focuses on the preparation and use of nucleic acid probes for identifying bacteria in clinical specimens and in other samples of practical or scientific interest. Organized into 17 chapters, this book addresses which nucleic acid probes are available; how and when to utilize them; what to expect in terms of results obtained with their use; and how to prepare probes. Each chapter is composed of comprehensive manuscript covering different microorganisms. A few bacterial species are treated in more than one chapter to provide a multidimensional picture of important microbes, and to compile the knowledge gained from different laboratories using the same or different probes or methods. This reference material will be of great use to professionals, technicians, and R&D directors in universities, federal and state-dependent service and research institutes, and private and industrial laboratories.

  • Biological Applications of Magnetic Resonance

    • 1st Edition
    • R Shulman
    • English
    Biological Applications of Magnetic Resonance discusses various applications of magnetic resonance techniques. The book's opening chapter examines the exchange behavior of the hydrogen-bonded protons and its influence on their nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra. This is followed by separate chapters dealing with NMR studies of nucleic acid and drug-nucleic acid complexes. Aspects of the basic theory of the nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) are presented, along with applications of NOEs observed for protons in biomolecules. Subsequent chapters cover specialized EPR techniques that have been applied to biological problems; the use of physical methods to refine a model of the combing site of the Fv fragment of protein 315; and the utility of model compounds in the analysis of hemoprotein NMR spectra. The remaining chapters discuss serine proteinases that have been investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy; the use of NMR in the study of intact living tissue and organs; and 31P and 13C NMR studies of E. coli cells.

  • Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates V4

    Molluscs: Gastropods and Cephalopods
    • 1st Edition
    • Arthur Giese
    • English
    Reproduction of Marine Invetebrates, Volume IV Molluscs: Gastropods and Cephalopods describes the wide range of structural complexity and diverse modes of reproduction of gastropods and cephalopods. Each chapter discusses the asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction capacity, and developmental stages of different group of gastropods and cephalopods, including prosobranchia, opisthobranchia, pulmonata, nautiloidea, decapoda, and octopoda. Gastropods are among the most conspicuous sea animals, and species of limpets, snails, and slugs are found in all marine habitats. Cephalopods are active and important marine predators, ranging from archaic nautiloids to more recent pelagic decapods and benthic octopods, which are often considered to be one of the apexes of invertebrate evolution. They are all gonochoric and reproduce only by sexual means. All have intricate courtship behavior and derived developmental patterns. Marine biologists and researchers, scientists, and developmental biologists will find this book invaluable.

  • Primate Ecology: Studies of Feeding and ranging Behavior in Lemurs, Monkey and apes

    • 1st Edition
    • T.H. Clutton-Brock
    • English
    Primate Ecology: Studies of Feeding and Ranging Behavior in Femurs, Monkeys and Apes describes the behavioral aspects of ecology, including activity patterning, food selection, and ranging behavior. The book is composed of 19 chapters; 17 of which are concerned with the ecology or behavior of particular social groups of primates, arranged in the taxonomic order of the species concerned. The final two chapters review some of the generalizations emerging from comparison of inter- and intraspecific differences in feeding and ranging behavior. The book aims to suggest areas of particular interest where research can be usefully developed.

  • Anaerobic Infections in Humans

    • 1st Edition
    • Sydney Finegold
    • English
    Anaerobic Infections in Humans focuses on the human diseases caused by anaerobic bacteria. This book acknowledges the depth and breadth of the role of anaerobes in diseases of humans, and provides comprehensive reviews by internationally recognized authorities on the various disease states. The book begins with the classification and taxonomy of anaerobes and the laboratory diagnosis and therapy of anaerobic infections in humans. Infection of different body parts are discussed separately in each chapter. The book also looks into the in vitro susceptibility data for anaerobic bacteria and the mechanisms of resistance and resistance transfer in anaerobic bacteria.

  • Cell Biology of Physarum and Didymium V1

    Organisms, Nucleus, and Cell Cycle
    • 1st Edition
    • Henery Aldrich
    • English
    Cell Biology of Physarum and Didymium, Volume I: Organisms, Nucleus, and Cell Cycle presents important experimental research on Physarum and Didymium for developmental and cellular studies. This book is organized into four parts, encompassing 12 chapters that summarize the taxonomy, biological activities, genetics, and cell cycle of these organisms. The opening part covers two chapters on morphology, taxonomy, phylogeny, biosystematics, and evolutionary implications of Physarum and Didymium species. This is followed by discussions on the biological aspects of these species. These include periodic events of the mitotic cycle in Physarum polycephalum. The general characteristics of chemoreception at the membrane level using plasmodium as a model organism, as well as the structure and motility of plasmodium, are also included. The third part of the book focuses on genetic analysis of plasmodium development and the discovery of techniques for the genetic manipulation of P. polycephalum. Progress in the genetic analysis of other processes is summarized. The concluding part examines the morphological evolution of the nucleus during the mitotic cycle together with the results from ultracytochemical and radioautographic studies. It also includes a discussion on DNA organization and replication in P. polycephalum. Finally, the synthesis and degradation of RNA in Physarum and the relationship of these biochemical processes to mitotic cycle and differentiation are tackled in the concluding chapter. The book will serve as a frequent, single reference source to brief cell biologists on the primary research on Physarum and Didymium. It will be a good source for graduate students in cell biology, and perhaps in other graduate courses.

  • Fixation for Electron Microscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • M.A. (Eric) Hayat
    • English
    Fixation for Electron Microscopy presents how to better understand the effects of fixatives on the molecular structure of the cell. This book attempts to consider each aspect of fixation, including chemical interactions between fixatives and individual cellular substances. The chemistry of fixative interactions that are discussed in the book is based primarily on the reactions of a fixative with isolated proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and carbohydrates. The book shows that the correct interpretation of information retrieved from electron micrographs depends on the knowledge of the basic principles underlying the fixation procedure. Also, the book presents the fixation of both eukaryotic and prokaryotic specimens. The special fixation conditions for plant specimens are discussed in detail and have been allotted a whole chapter. Also emphasized in this book is the connection between morphology and biochemical aspects of preparatory treatments and the chemical basis of the formation of artifacts. This topic is useful in understanding the modifications of cell structures introduced during their processing. A guide for recognizing and minimizing major artifacts and fixation faults that are usually encountered is also presented in the book. This valuable resource will prove useful to both students and professionals in the field of biology and clinical medicine. Specimen preservation researchers can also benefit from this book.

  • Rapid Detection and Identification of Infectious Agents

    • 1st Edition
    • David Kingsbury
    • English
    Rapid Detection and Identification of Infectious Agents is a collection of papers presented at the International Symposium on Rapid Detection and Identification of Infectious Agents held on October 5-7, 1983, in Oakland, California, and organized by the Naval Biosciences Laboratory of the School of Public Health of the University of California at Berkeley. Contributors examine progress in the field of rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases, with a particular emphasis on DNA probe-based assays and monoclonal and polyclonal antibody-based immunoassays. This volume is organized into five sections encompassing 20 chapters. It begins with an overview of state-of-the-art methods for rapid detection and identification of infectious agents, including technology that is currently applied in clinical microbiology, as well as concerns regarding the political and scientific climates, which have an impact on health care and clinical microbiology. Chapters are organized to deal with a single diagnostic type of test for a given broad group of organisms. The approach is to compare the strengths and weaknesses of each of the new diagnostic procedures, using the same type of clinical material whenever possible. The book gives consideration to the fundamental design of DNA probes and probe assay systems, the clinical comparison of immunologic assays for the diagnosis of meningococcal disease, and immunodiagnostics for viral and parasitic pathogens. This book will be of value to scientists and researchers interested in immunology and infectious diseases, as well as the methods used to detect and identify them.

  • The Mycoplasmas V2

    Human and Animal Mycoplasmas
    • 1st Edition
    • J Tully
    • English
    The Mycoplasmas, Volume II: Human and Animal Mycoplasmas is a volume of a comprehensive three-volume series encompassing various facets of mycoplasmology. This volume deals with host-parasite relationships of mycoplasmas in man and animals, with emphasis on recent developments in the study of classical mycoplasmal diseases of animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats, swine, and chickens. This volume shows the knowledge about mycoplasmal diseases of man, including those involving the respiratory and genitourinary tracts. Detailed information on the humoral and cellular immune responses to mycoplasmas,which are assuming an ever-increasing significance in the understandingof the pathogenesis of human and animal mycoplasmal diseases, is also given. This book ends with reviews on mycoplasmas as arthritogenic agents and the interaction of mycoplasmas with cell andorgan cultures. This book will serve as a standard reference work for mycoplasmologists, as well as for other interested microbiologists, cellular and molecular biologists, membrane biochemists, clinicians, veterinarians, plant pathologists, and entomologists.

  • Leafhopper Vectors and Plant Disease Agents

    • 1st Edition
    • Karl Maramorosch
    • English
    Leafhopper Vectors and Plant Disease Agents is the second in a multivolume series on vectors, vector-borne disease agents, and plant disease spread. This text aims to collect findings in leafhopper vector research, to suggest promising frontiers for further research, and to call attention to possible practical applications of understanding of leafhopper-pathogen-... interactions. This book is organized into five parts. Opening chapters on the taxonomy, bionomics, and worldwide importance of leafhopper and planthopper vectors are appropriately relegated to Parts I and II. Part III focuses on vector-virus interactions of leafhopper-, planthopper-, and aphid-borne viruses and virus-induced, cytopathological changes in vectors. This part also explains the interactions of mycoplasmalike organisms (MLOs) and viruses in dually infected leafhoppers, planthoppers, and plants, as well as the transitory vector-virus interactions. The artificial and aseptic rearing of vectors, microinjection technique, vector tissue culture, and spiroplasmas and its vectors are all covered in Part IV. Part V contains chapters on specific leafhopper-borne viruses and MLOs, leafhopper and planthopper vector control, leafhopper-borne pathogens of corn-stunting diseases, Western X disease, and leafhopper-borne xylem-restricted pathogens. This text will be valuable for students, teachers, and researchers of vector-pathogen-plan... relationships. Its in-depth coverage of leafhoppers and planthoppers as vectors makes this book ideally suited as a supplemental text in graduate entomology and plant pathology courses on insect transmission of plant disease agents.

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