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Elsevier

Books in Agricultural and biological sciences

The Agricultural and Biological Sciences collection advances science-based knowledge for the improvement of animal and plant life and for secure food systems that produce nutritious, novel, sustainable foods with minimal environmental impact. Food Science titles include not only those products from agriculture but all other aspects from food production to nutrition, health and safety, chemistry to security, policy, law and regulation. Biological Sciences address animal behaviour and biodiversity, organismal and evolutionary biology, entomology, marine biology and aquaculture, plant science and forestry.

  • Genetics and Morphogenesis in the Basidiomycetes

    • 1st Edition
    • Marvin Schwalb
    • English
    Genetics and Morphogenesis in the Basidiomycetes documents the proceedings of a symposium on Genetics and Morphogenetic Studies of Basidiomycetes held during the Second International Mycological Congress. The symposium was organized as a memorial symposium to honor the many contributions of John Robert Raper, which included the hormonal control of sexual development in fungi; the biological effects of beta radiation; and the genetic control of the incompatibility systems and morphogenesis of sexuality in higher basidiomycetes. The contributions made by researchers at the symposium include studies on control of development by genes of the incompatibility system; the genetic structure of the incompatibility factors of the higher basidiomycetes; and meiosis and recombination in basidiomycetes. Subsequent chapters deal with the evolution of incompatibility; the incompatibility system as a model for the regulation of cell differentiation; morphogentic processes in Schizophyllum commune and Coprinus lagopus; and the regulatory processes which control fruiting.

  • Structure and Metabolic Mechanisms

    • 1st Edition
    • Walter Lovenberg
    • English
    Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Volume III: Structure and Metabolic Mechanisms focuses on numerous advances that have been made in the vital role of iron-sulfur proteins in biological processes. Of the 10 chapters in this book, five chapters present advances in biochemical areas and the other five chapters discuss some of the elegant physical studies made. This book begins with a description of the nitrogenase gene and the molecular mechanism of this complex enzyme. It then centers on the role of iron-sulfur proteins in mammalian mitochondrial function, as well as on the mechanism of biosynthesis and the function of these proteins in formate metabolism. Different approaches that have yielded advances in the understanding of the iron-sulfur clusters are also shown. This book also gives an in-depth discussion on the theoretical aspects of the redox properties of iron-sulfur proteins.

  • Role of the Gut Flora in Toxicity and Cancer

    • 1st Edition
    • I Rowland
    • English
    Role of the Gut Flora in Toxicity and Cancer examines the relationship between the gut microflora and its host. The aim is to provide a comprehensive view of the contribution of the gut flora to foreign compound metabolism in man and laboratory animals. The object has been to relate this bacterial metabolism to toxic events occurring in mammals and to consider the interrelationships of bacterial and mammalian metabolic pathways. The early chapters are set the scene and provide a background to the sections on metabolism of specific groups of compounds which follow. Subsequent chapters encompass the bacterial metabolism of both xenobiotics and food components, and concentrate on those reactions which have actual or potential toxicological and/or clinical importance. The concluding chapters provide assessments of the role of the gut flora in the etiology of cancer, in particular from the point of view of the formation of carcinogens, mutagens, and promotors within the large bowel.

  • Grazing Management

    • 1st Edition
    • John F. Vallentine
    • English
    Introduction to Grazing. Grazing Effects on Plants and Soils. Spatial Patterns in Grazing. Manipulation Grazing Distribution. Grazing and Herbivore Nutrition. Grazing Activities and Behavior. Plant Selection in Grazing. Kind and Mix of Grazing Animals. Grazing Animal Intake and Equivalence. Grazing Capacity Inventory. Grazing Intensity. Grazing Seasons. Grazing Systems. Part I. Grazing Systems. Part II. Appendix. Terminology. Literature Cited. Index of Plants. Subject Index.

  • The Mammalian Mitochondrial Respiratory chain

    • 1st Edition
    • Walter Wainio
    • English
    The Mammalian Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain provides the vocabulary related to the mitochondrial respiratory chain in mammalian species. It explores the heterogeneous nature of mitochondria, the mammalian mitochondrial cytochromes, the concept of a respiratory chain for the oxidation of substrates, the cytochrome and non-cytochrome components of the chain, and the role of the respiratory chain in energy conservation. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the structure and composition of mitochondria in heart, liver, kidney, and brain before turning to the NADH oxidase system and its ability to generate one additional high-energy bond for every pair of electrons transferred compared to the succinate oxidase system. It also describes electron transfer in the respiratory chain and inhibitors of the respiratory chain such as antimycin A, along with differences in the pathways of electrons from succinate, choline, and NADH to oxygen as well as systems mediated by electron-transferrin... flavoprotein. The reader is also introduced to the processes involved in the fragmentation, extraction, and recombination of mitochondria; artificial electron acceptors such as phenazine methosulfate and artificial electron donors such as ascorbate and tetramethyl-p-phenyl... and the role of flavoproteins, including flavin mononucleotide and flavin adenine dinucleotide, in electron transport. The book concludes with a chapter that explains how the oxidation-reductions of the respiratory chain release energy in discrete packets. Graduate students and beginning researchers in biology will find this book extremely helpful.

  • Genetic Engineering Techniques: Recent Developments

    • 1st Edition
    • P.C. Huang
    • English
    Genetic Engineering Techniques: Recent Developments covers the proceedings of the 1982 Genetic Engineering Techniques symposium held in Taipei. The book is organized into 21 chapters that discuss the application of recombination DNA methods in the study of DNA structure and DNA-protein interactions; the use of chemically synthesized genes in cloning; and gene expression. After briefly presenting the major strategies underlying genetic engineering technology and rapid method for sequencing DNA, the book examines the reaction mechanism of a multifunctional Type I enzyme and the organization and expression of the human adenovirus. The second section describes several approaches in analyzing transcriptional processes in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. This section also deals with cloning vectors and procedures of cDNA. The subsequent section describes a molecular approach to functional analysis of the influenza virus surface hemagglutinin; the transposition specificity for the transposons 3 and 4 elements; and the biological properties of human T-cell growth factor gene. The fourth section discusses the principles of hybridoma technology and its numerous applications to biological research. The remaining chapters of the book present laboratory courses designed to familiarize researchers with the principles and basic procedures in biological experiments. Genetic engineering researchers, agriculturists, and geneticists will find this book invaluable.

  • Biomolecular Structure and Function

    • 1st Edition
    • Paul Agris
    • English
    Biomolecular Structure and Function covers the proceedings of the 1977 �Cellular Function and Molecular Structure: Biophysical Approaches to Biological Problems� symposium. It summarizes the application of several biophysical techniques to molecular research in biology. This book starts by describing the use of deuterium-labeled lipids, as monitors of the degree of organization of membrane lipids. It also describes the use of carbon-13-labeled lipids, as indicators of molecular mobility. It explains the lipid-protein interactions involving two integral membrane proteins, mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase and calcium-dependent ATPase of muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. The book goes on to present NMR studies on the organization and conformation of phospholipids, chloroplast membranes, and erythrocyte membranes. It also presents the ESR study of spectrin-phospholipi... associations. It discusses the use of fluorescence probes, electrokinetics, neutron diffraction and ion theory studies of phospholipid-protein association, hormone disease, and senescence effects on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Moreover, this book presents the experiments and phosphorus-31 NMR methodology to simultaneously monitor the intracellular pH and phosphate metabolism in a beating heart, functioning kidney, or an intact living microorganism. This book then describes physical probing of intracellular fluidity and structural changes attending tissue or cell cycles. It also relates relatively narrow lines in the hydrogen-1 NMR spectrum of the extremely viscous complex of the muscle protein troponin and highly polymerized tropomyosin. Structure-function studies of fibrous proteins, such as collagen, actin, and myosin, and active site analysis of enzymes are also presented. Finally, a wide variety of methodologies and technologies is exemplified. This includes proton, carbon, fluorine, phosphorus, and lithium NMR spectroscopy; spin labeling and EPR spectroscopy; chemical studies; light scattering and fluorescence; and electron microscopy.

  • DNA Repair Mechanisms

    • 1st Edition
    • Philip Hanawalt
    • English
    DNA Repair Mechanisms is an account of the proceedings at a major international conference on DNA Repair Mechanisms held at Keystone, Colorado on February 1978. The conference discusses through plenary sessions the overall standpoint of DNA repair. The papers presented and other important documents, such as short summaries by the workshop session conveners, comprise this book. The compilation describes the opposing views, those that agree and dispute about certain topic areas. This book, divided into 15 parts, is arranged according to the proceedings in the conference. The plenary sessions are grouped with the related workshop and poster manuscripts. The first two parts generally tackle repair in terms of its identification and quantification, as well as the models, systems, and perspectives it utilizes. The following parts discuss the various types of repair including base excision, nucleotide excision repair in bacteria, excision repair in mammalian cells, inducible/error-pron... repair in prokaryotes, and strand break repair in mammalian cells among others. This reference material looks into the replicative bypass mechanisms in mammalian cells, viral probes, and hereditary repair defects. It explains repair deficiency and human disease, as well as mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. The last part of this book deals with the consequences and effects of DNA repair. This volume is a helpful source of reference for students, teachers, scientists, and researchers in the different fields of genetics, radiology, biochemistry, and environmental biology.

  • Primates in Nutritional Research

    • 1st Edition
    • K Hayes
    • English
    Primates in Nutritional Research is a result of a workshop on primate nutrition, held in October 1978. This book presents the topics in the workshop, which are the nutrient requirements and various techniques of feeding monkeys and the in-depth reviews of investigated aspects of nutritional research, where nonhuman primates are the models for human disease. This volume has 16 chapters and is basically divided according to two main themes. The first part (Chapters 1-7) deals with the practical matters of nutritional husbandry. Topics in this section include dietary allowances for nutrients; liquid formulas and protein requirements; caloric intake and weight changes; folic acid needs; and semipurified diets. The second part (Chapters 8-16) describes different models under investigation at the time of publishing. Included in this section are discussions on diet and atherosclerosis; selected aspects of metabolic behavior of the squirrel monkey; effects of dietary fat on plasma lipids; acute and chronic effects of ethanol; and the induction of obesity. Students, teachers, scientists, and researchers interested in nonhuman primate research will find this book very helpful. Professionals in other areas of study, such as nutrition and food science, medicine, metabolic diseases, and animal research, will also benefit from this book.

  • Pest Control Strategies

    • 1st Edition
    • Edward H. Smith
    • English
    Pest Control Strategies is a compilation of papers presented at the symposium held at Cornell University in June 1977. It covers various aspects and issues on pest control. It also discusses the risks and benefits of using pesticides on human health as well as on the economy and environment. Composed of four parts, the book provides an overview of the various alternative pest control techniques and identifies possible solutions on crop pest problems. Part 1 discusses the role of the U.S. Department of Agriculture in the integrated pest management programs and policy. The following part discusses the complexity of pest management in terms of socioeconomic and legal aspects. Part 3 presents the different case studies about pest management. These case studies include the potentials for research and implementation of integrated pest management on deciduous tree-fruits and other agricultural crops. The last part of this collection describes the current status, needs, and future developments of integrated pest management. This book will be relevant to extension leaders, educators, government officials, and agriculturists as well as to students, teachers, and researchers who are interested in the integrated pest management program.

  • Determinants of Spatial Organization

    • 1st Edition
    • Stephen Subtelny
    • English
    Determinants of Spatial Organization documents the proceedings of the 35th symposium of the Society for Developmental Biology in 1978. The symposium brings together a diverse group of investigators who are engaged in the analysis of mechanisms involved in spatial organization. The contributions made by researchers at the symposium are organized into three parts. Part I on the cytoplasmic localization of determinants includes studies on fine structure of cytoplasmic specializations of the polar lobe of molluscan embryos; the fine structure of the polar granules of Drosophila eggs; and the polarity of rhizoid formation in Fucus. Part II deals with maternal-effect mutants of developmental processes. It includes studies on temperature sensitive maternal effect mutants in the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans; the nature of the control of gene action during development; and deviations from normal development observed in mutant embryos of Drosophila melanogaster. Part III examines pattern formation in developing systems. It includes studies on intracellular patterning in Tetrahymena; developmental properties of nerve-free hydra; and intercellular interactions and pattern formation in filamentous cyanobacteria.

  • Vitamins in Animal Nutrition

    Comparative Aspects to Human Nutrition
    • 1st Edition
    • Lee Russell McDowell
    • English
    Vitamins in Animal Nutrition presents concise, up-to-date information on vitamin nutrition for livestock and poultry; comparisons with vitamin use in human nutrition are also presented. This book describes the basic chemical, metabolic, and functional role of vitamins and vitamin supplementation. A wealth of photographs illustrate the nutritional aspects of vitamin deficiencies and excesses in livestock, along with their concomitant conditions. This authoritative reference is of interest to professionals in animal nutrition and the livestock industry and is suitable as a graduate-level text on vitamin nutrition in animals.

  • Photosynthesis, Photorespiration, And Plant Productivity

    • 1st Edition
    • Israel Zelitch
    • English
    Photosynthesis, Photorespiration, and Plant Productivity provides a basis for understanding the main factors concerned with regulating plant productivity in plant communities. The book describes photosynthesis and other processes that affect the productivity of plants from the standpoint of enzyme chemistry, chloroplasts, leaf cells, and single leaves. Comprised of nine chapters, the book covers the biochemical and photochemical aspects of photosynthesis; respiration associated with photosynthetic tissues; and photosynthesis and plant productivity in single leaves and in stands. It provides illustrated and diagrammatic discussion and presents the concepts in outlined form to help readers understand the concepts efficiently. Moreover, this book explores the rates of enzymatic reactions and the detailed structure and function of chloroplasts and other organelles and their variability. It explains the mechanism of photosynthetic electron transport and phosphorylation and the importance of diffusive resistances to carbon dioxide assimilation, especially the role of stomata. It also discusses the importance of dark respiration in diminishing productivity; the differences in net photosynthesis that occur between many species and varieties; and the influence of climate to photosynthetic reactions. The book is an excellent reference for teachers, as well as undergraduate and graduate students in biology, plant physiology, and agriculture. Research professionals working on the disciplines of plant production and food supply will also find this book invaluable.

  • Human Lymphokines

    The Biological Immune Response Modifiers
    • 1st Edition
    • Amanullah Khan
    • English
    Human Lymphokines: The Biological Immune Response Modifiers is a collection of papers presented at the Third International Symposium on Human Lymphokines held on October 15-17, 1981 at the Wadley Institutes of Molecular Medicine in Dallas, Texas. Contributors explore the role of human lymphokines in immune responses and their applications in immunotherapy. The focus is on lymphokines that have either entered clinical trials or are nearing clinical evaluation. Some of the activities of possible immediate significance, such as Glia cell stimulating factor and polyclonal B-cell activator, are also described. This volume is organized into six sections encompassing 56 chapters and begins with an overview of assay systems, touching on topics such as the activation of macrophages by interferon to produce plasminogen and macrophage activation by lymphokine factors. The next sections turn to the production, purification, and biological and chemical characterization of lymphokines. The discussion then shifts to the mechanisms of action of lymphokines in vitro and the use of animal models in lymphokine investigations, including lymphokine fractions in a mouse tumor model and enhancement of natural killing activity by different types of interferon. A great deal of emphasis is placed on macrophage migration inhibitory factor, lymphotoxins, gamma interferon, and interleukins. The book concludes with chapters devoted to the immunoregulatory effects of lymphokines and clinical studies.

  • Biological Applications of Liquid Scintillation Counting

    • 1st Edition
    • Yutaka Kobayashi
    • English
    Biological Applications of Liquid Scintillation Counting, based on a series of lectures given at the Worcester Foundation for Experimental Biology, discusses the various biological applications of liquid scintillation counting and presents its principles in a manner that is simple, practical, and useful. This book explains the fundamentals of scintillators and the scintillation process, from sample preparation to testing and setting up a counter and the application of radiotracers. This text is organized into six chapters and begins with a historical overview of liquid scintillation counting, emphasizing two major events that stimulated its development: the discovery of organic compounds called ""scintillators"" and the introduction of photomultiplier tubes. This book considers the factors that affect the performance of photomultiplier tubes, including temperature and magnetic fields, and the use of liquid scintillation counting to measure radioactivity. The discussion then shifts to the factors that must be taken into account when choosing a method for preparing samples, including the physical and chemical characteristics of the sample, the isotope or isotopes of the sample, and the anticipated level of radioactivity. The following chapters look at the general considerations when installing a liquid scintillation counter, procedures for applying radiotracers, and practical aspects of sample preparation. This book is intended for physicists and experimental biologists.

  • Invertebrate Tissue Culture

    Applications in Medicine, Biology, and Agriculture
    • 1st Edition
    • Edouard Kurstak
    • English
    Invertebrate Tissue Culture: Applications in Medicine, Biology, and Agriculture comprises the proceedings of the IV International Conference on Invertebrate Tissue Culture, held on June 5-8, 1975 at Mont Gabriel, Quebec, Canada. The conference focuses on invertebrate organ, tissue, and cell culture, as well as cell culture limitations, pitfalls, and applications in medicine, biology, agriculture, neurophysiology, and studies of morphogenesis, differentiation, viruses, symbionts, and parasites. This reference material specifically provides information on sophisticated laboratory methods and on numerous utilizations of invertebrate cell culture techniques in medicine and biology. This book also elucidates the nutritional requirements and the establishment of cell lines. The study of viruses and protozoa of agricultural and forest importance is also shown. This book will be useful and stimulating to the readers and will provide in a single volume the results obtained in the diverse areas of research pursued by the leading exponents of invertebrate tissue culture from America, Europe, Asia, and Australia.

  • The Study of Prosimian Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • G.A. Doyle
    • English
    The Study of Prosimian Behavior aims to provide as complete coverage as possible to the field of prosimian behavior. Organized into 14 chapters, the book begins with the classification of the prosimians, followed by the phylogenetic aspects of prosimian behavior. It also explains the development of behavior, learning, intelligence, and vocal and olfactory communications in prosimians. Furthermore, the book looks into the prosimian reproduction; how the various prosimian species handle the production and rearing of the young; diet and ecology of prosimians; role of vision in prosimian behavior; and prosimian locomotor behavior.

  • Retroviruses and Disease

    • 1st Edition
    • Hidesaburo Hanafusa
    • English
    Retroviruses and Disease presents a relevant summary of the state of knowledge in both human nonhuman retroviruses. It highlights significant concepts regarding their commonalities and differences in terms of retroviral systems. A section of this book covers the pathogenic human retroviruses and focuses on two. These are HLTV-1 (the first human retrovirus that was isolated) and HIV (the cause of a potent immunological disorder). The life cycle of replication-competen... retroviruses, including the murine leukemia viruses and its functions, is discussed in Chapters 1 and 2. The focus of the third chapter is the transformation of Rous sarcoma virus. Meanwhile, Chapter 4 discusses the multiple stages in avian leukosis virus-induced B cell lymphoma. Oncogenes, the molecular basis of human cancer, are also covered in this book. Another virus also discussed in this book is the human T cell leukemia virus. The book is a good reference for students, teachers, specialists, scientists, and researchers in microbiology.

  • Genetic Control of Natural Resistance to Infection and Malignancy

    • 1st Edition
    • Emil Skamene
    • English
    Genetic Control of Natural Resistance to Infection and Malignancy is a collection of papers presented at the 1980 Proceedings of an International Symposium of the Canadian Society for Immunology held in Montreal, Quebec. It provides information about the different models of genetic resistance to various diseases. The book offers an overview of the genetic determination of the susceptibility or resistance to infection and malignancy. It also discusses the importance of genetic resistance not only in the first-line observation of infections and tumors, but also in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. It then explains the genetic control of resistance to parasitic, bacterial, and virus infections, as well as to tumor growth. It further discusses the genetic control of macrophage differentiation and function.

  • Regulatory T Lymphocytes

    • 1st Edition
    • Benvenuto Pernis
    • English
    Regulatory T Lymphocytes documents the proceedings of a symposium on ""Regulatory T Lymphocytes"" held at Arden House on the Harriman Campus of Columbia University from June 8-10, 1979. The meeting was the fourth of the P&S Biomedical Sciences Symposia. Starting with the opening address on regulatory T lymphocytes and their antigen receptors, the remainder of the book presents the contributions made by researchers at the symposium. These contributions are organized into seven parts. Part I contains studies T cell receptors. Part II presents studies on T cell subpopulations. Parts III and IV examine helper T cells. Parts V and VI deal with suppressor T cells. Part VII contains papers on regulatory T cell circuits.

  • Chromosomal Proteins And Their Role In The Regulation Of Gene Expression

    • 1st Edition
    • Gary Stein
    • English
    Chromosomal Proteins and Their Role in the Regulation of Gene Expression examines how chromosomal proteins take part in the regulation of gene expression. This book also looks at the variety of approaches that are used in studying the structural and functional properties of chromosomal proteins, particularly as they relate to the control of transcription. This text is organized into 15 chapters and begins by analyzing the regulation of histone gene expression during the cell cycle and the role of non-histone chromosomal proteins in such regulation. The following chapters focus on the in vitro transcription of the globin gene in mouse fetal liver chromatin; the involvement of non-histone proteins in both positive and negative controls of gene activity; and the role of phosphorylated proteins as regulators of gene activity. The discussion then shifts to the phosphorylation state of non-histone proteins and its correlation with gene transcription; changes in nuclear proteins during embryonic development and cellular differentiation; and the manner by which histones are deposited onto replicating chromosomes. This book also explains the histone methylation, specific phosphorylation sites in lysine rich (H1) histone, and the separation and characterization of nuclear non-histone proteins by means of DNA columns. This book is of interest to advanced undergraduate students, as well as to graduate students and researchers in genetics, cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry, and microbiology.

  • New Technologies in Animal Breeding

    • 1st Edition
    • B G Brackett
    • English
    New Technologies in Animal Breeding looks at new reproductive technologies in breeding domestic animals, such as sex selection, frozen storage of oocytes and embryos, in vitro fertilization and embryo culture, amphibian nuclear transplantation, parthenogenesis, identical twins and cloning in mammals, and gene transfer in mammalian cells. It summarizes the state-of-the art and offers perspectives on future directions for several animal industries of great importance in food production, including artificial insemination, embryo transfer, poultry breeding, and aquaculture. Organized into five sections encompassing 14 chapters, this book begins with an overview of animals in society and perspectives on animal breeding. It then discusses the animal industries that are heavily dependent on reproductive technology, including those engaged in cloning, selfing, aquaculture, artificial insemination, and embryo transfer. It also explains the developing technologies as well as their potential applications and impacts on animal production, along with special economic considerations, such as the benefits of reproductive management, synchronization of estrus, and artificial insemination of beef cattle and sheep. The final chapter considers biomedical and agricultural research, implementation of new technologies in animal breeding, and research in animal reproduction. This book is an essential reference for scientists and researchers interested in animal science and animal reproduction.

  • Cation Flux Across Biomembranes

    • 1st Edition
    • Yasuo Mukohata
    • English
    Cation Flux Across Biomembranes documents the proceedings of a symposium on ""Cation Flux across Biomembranes"" sponsored by the Japan Bioenergetics Group, held September 10-13, 1978 at the Inter-University Seminar House of Kansai in Kobe, Japan. The symposium brought together 80 of the leading investigators concerned with ATP-utilizing and ATP-generating systems associated with cation fluxes across membranes to discuss biochemical mechanisms in depth and their relation to cation transport functions. The papers presented focused on three types of membrane systems. The first two membrane systems are classified as ATP-utilizing systems. These include the plasma membrane, associated with the ATP dependent Na+-K+ transport system, which draws upon most of the cell's energy for cation fluxes; and the sarcoplasmic recticulum membrane associated with Ca++ transport, which plays a key role in excitation-contracti... coupling in muscle. The third type of membrane system falls under ATP-generating systems. These include the inner membranes of mitochondria, chloroplasts, and bacteria associated with H+ fluxes generated by oxidation-reduction reactions, and their coupling to secondary ion flows and oxidative and photosynthetic phosphorylation. H+ transport associated with the photoreaction cycle of bacteriorhodopsin, the light energy converted in halobacteria was also considered.

  • The Physiological Ecology of Tunas

    • 1st Edition
    • Gary Sharp
    • English
    The Physiological Ecology of Tunas documents the proceedings of the Tuna Physiology Workshop held at the National Marine Fisheries Service Southwest Fisheries Center at La JoDa, California, January 10-15, 1977. The contributions made by researchers at the workshop are organized into seven chapters. The first chapter includes studies on the morphological diversity and muscle-tissue-specif... enzymatic attributes of scombrids. Papers in the second chapter deal with the integrated aspects of tuna behavior and capabilities that result from their complex cardiovascular system. The third chapter contains studies on skipjack tuna white muscle and the locomotor muscles of Scomber and Katsuwonus. The fourth chapter focuses on the thermal biology of tunas while the fifth chapter examines the hydromechanics of tuna propulsion. The sixth chapter provides information on energetic costs of tunas, and observations on physiological demands and correlates. It culminates with a conceptual model for the complex life cycle of the extant "ultimate tuna," the Atlantic bluefin tuna. The seventh chapter discusses applications of tuna physiology studies.

  • Analysis of Growth: Behavior of Plants and Their Organs VA

    • 1st Edition
    • F.C. Steward
    • English
    Plant Physiology, Volume VA: Analysis of Growth: Behavior of Plants and their Organs describes the main events of growth as seen through the behavior of plants and their organs at an organismal level. This book discusses the quantitative interpretation of growth; the effects of environmental factors; the treatment of tropism; and the effects of many exogenous growth-regulating compounds. Organized into five chapters, the book initially describes mathematically the plant growth mechanisms as they relate to the factors that determine morphogenesis. The text also discusses methods for assessing the effects of external conditions and of age on certain important physiological aspects of plant growth. The subsequent chapter deals with phyllotaxis as a selected aspect of the interpretation of growth and form. The third chapter describes various phototropically and geotropically sensitive systems impinge upon on plant growth. This chapter also covers some reversible nastic movements of organs and the tactic movements of free swimming cells. The next chapter deals with relations between the chemical structure of synthetic compounds and their biological action. The last chapter focuses on the modulation of growth and development by features of the environment and also upon experimental manipulation and under controlled conditions of growth. This volume is an invaluable resource for plant biologists, physiologists, and researchers.

  • Problems in Management of Locally Abundant Wild Mammals

    • 1st Edition
    • P.A. Jewell
    • English
    Problems in Management of Locally Abundant Wild Mammals contains the proceedings of the Management of Locally Abundant Wild Mammals: A Workshop to Examine the Need for and Alternatives to the Culling of Wild Animals, held in Yarmouth Port, Massachusetts from September 29 to October 3, 1980. Contributors reexamine the scientific basis for possible management aimed at restraining local increase in numbers of locally abundant wild mammals, with emphasis on the issue of culling. This text is organized into six sections encompassing 19 chapters and begins with an overview of the dilemma of local overabundance or overpopulation of threatened mammals. In particular, it considers the extent to which past predictions have been fulfilled in practice, and whether understanding of the dynamics of living systems is adequate for useful prediction. This book also discusses the circumstances that allow a species to become so abundant and the adverse effects that arise. The chapters that follow present case studies that reflect experiences around the world concerning management of locally abundant mammals, including the white rhino in South Africa and deer in North America. This book also explores proposed solutions for problems involving the management of polar bear, the Northwest Atlantic humpback whale, and the British grey seal. This reference material is a valuable resource for zoologists, conservation biologists, and those with interest in the protection of wild mammals.

  • Biology of Acetabularia

    • 1st Edition
    • Jean Brachet
    • English
    Biology of Acetabularia covers the proceedings of the First International Symposium on Acetabularia, held in Rhode-Saint-Genese and Mol, Belgium on June 18-20, 1969. The three-day symposium is organized to exchange ideas and information between various laboratories, which are engaged in research on Acetabularia. Comprised of 16 chapters, this book discusses the biological and biochemical aspects of Acetabularia, including DNA and RNA syntheses, regulation of RNA production and enzyme activity, ultrastructure, and photosynthesis. It also examines the effects of physical factors, such as light and gamma-radiations and circadian rhythms, on morphogenesis and metabolism of Acetabularia. Each chapter contains technical problems and conclusions relevant to other researches. The book will be useful for those who work or intend to work on Acetabularia, including biologists, biochemists, molecular biologists, and researchers.

  • Transport And Diffusion Across Cell Membranes

    • 1st Edition
    • Wilfred Stein
    • English
    Transport and Diffusion across Cell Membranes is a comprehensive treatment of the transport and diffusion of molecules and ions across cell membranes. This book shows that the same kinetic equations (with appropriate modification) can describe all the specialized membrane transport systems: the pores, the carriers, and the two classes of pumps. The kinetic formalism is developed step by step and the features that make a system effective in carrying out its biological role are highlighted. This book is organized into six chapters and begins with an introduction to the structure and dynamics of cell membranes, followed by a discussion on how the membrane acts as a barrier to the transmembrane diffusion of molecules and ions. The following chapters focus on the role of the membrane's protein components in facilitating transmembrane diffusion of specific molecules and ions, measurements of diffusion through pores and the kinetics of diffusion, and the structure of such pores and their biological regulation. This book methodically introduces the reader to the carriers of cell membranes, the kinetics of facilitated diffusion, and cotransport systems. The primary active transport systems are considered, emphasizing the pumping of an ion (sodium, potassium, calcium, or proton) against its electrochemical gradient during the coupled progress of a chemical reaction while a conformational change of the pump enzyme takes place. This book is of interest to advanced undergraduate students, as well as to graduate students and researchers in biochemistry, physiology, pharmacology, and biophysics.

  • T and B Lymphocytes: Recognition and Function

    • 1st Edition
    • Fritz Bach
    • English
    T and B Lymphocytes: Recognition and Function is the 16th volume of the 1979 ICN-UCLA Symposia on Molecular and Cellular Biology. This book is organized into seven sections, encompassing 74 chapters that summarize molecular level progress in the field of immunobiology. It emphasizes cell membrane, techniques developed for its analysis, and varied products of the major histocompatibility complex, as well as other receptors on cells of the immune system. The book starts by describing two approaches for molecular association evaluation. First is the use of artificial membranes or lipid vesicles for the incorporation of antigens for recognition by T-lymphocytes both at the afferent and efferent levels. Second is the chemical crosslinking of cell surface components with a variety of different crosslinking reagents. This is followed by a discussion on the molecular nature of a T-cell receptor that provides insights of the target(s) recognized by T-lymphocytes. Several chapters discuss data dealing with the issue of the apparent differential recognition by T- and B-cells while both use the same VH genes. Antiidiotypic sera, together with the activity of ""regulator"" T-cells, are also discussed, with regard to their role in networks of regulation of the immune response. This book presents works demonstrating that human T-lymphocytes can also be cloned and both noncytotoxic proliferating T-lymphocytes and Tc can be so obtained. This is along with the continuing studies regarding heterogenity of B-lymphocytes as well as macrophages. Part V focuses on the interaction between lymphocyte and virus and molecular modifications of viral-infected cells. The subsequent section deals with recognition, reactivities, and function of T- and B-lymphocytes. Considerable chapters in this section discuss T-cell cytotoxicity, dichotomy of MHC control over anti H-Y cytotoxic T-cell responses, mouse alloantibodies, and mixed lymphocyte reactions. The concluding part describes immunological tools, such as synthetic membranes and cloned T-cells with biological function.

  • Molecular Mechanisms In Cellular Growth and Differentiation

    • 1st Edition
    • A.R. Bellve
    • English
    Molecular Mechanisms in Cellular Growth and Differentiation describes the cellular differentiation and development. It emphasizes the pattern formation, specifically the genesis of spatial relationships, among the parts of a vertebrate or invertebrate organism, embryonic or adult. Organized into five parts, this book deals with the major steps leading from growth factor-receptor interactions, through transduction and modulation mechanisms, to proliferative response. It also discusses the relation of growth factors and their receptors to oncogenes and to protooncogenes. It also elucidates the roles of growth factors and receptors in cell differentiation and development, particularly, in pattern formation. The homeotic systems regulated intracellularly and the two differentiation systems thought to involve sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins in conjunction with small molecules are also explored.

  • The Cereal Rusts

    Origins, Specificity, Structure, and Physiology
    • 1st Edition
    • William Bushnell
    • English
    The Cereal Rusts, Volume I: Origins, Specificity, Structure, and Physiology presents the historical, evolutionary, taxonomic, structural, genetic, and physiological characteristics of cereal rust fungi and the diseases they cause in cereal crops. The cereal rusts are potentially serious disease threats to cereal crops and have caused widespread losses in wheat, oats, barley, and related crops. This three-part volume brings together in a single reference source the accumulated knowledge, complex, challenging science of cereal rusts. The first chapters of this 16-chapter volume cover the pioneering contributions of early scientists to the knowledge of cereal rusts, the evolution of cereal rusts, and the taxonomy of cereal rust fungi. The book also examines the specificity of cereal rusts including formae speciales, race specificity, pathogen-host genetics, histology and molecular biology of host parasite specificity, and the genetics of rust fungus populations as reflected by virulence frequency. The text further discusses the structure and physiology aspects; the germination of urediospores and differentiation of infection structures; and the infection under artificial conditions. The ultrastructure of hyphae and urediospores; the development and physiology of teliospores; and the obligate parasitism and axenic culture of rust fungi are also explained. This volume also encompasses the structure and physiology of haustoria; structural and physiological alterations in susceptible hosts; and effects of rust on plant development in relation to nutrient translocation. Cereal rust investigators, plant pathologists, agronomists, agriculturalists, research biochemists, cytologists, geneticists, physiologists, taxonomists, epidemiologists, and pathologists will find this book invaluable.

  • Sensory Evaluation Practices

    • 1st Edition
    • Herbert Stone
    • English
    Sensory Evaluation Practices examines the principles and practices of sensory evaluation. It describes methods and procedures for the analysis of results from sensory tests; explains the reasons for selecting a particular procedure or test method; and discusses the organization and operation of a testing program, the design of a test facility, and the interpretation of results. Comprised of three parts encompassing nine chapters, this volume begins with an overview of sensory evaluation: what it does; how, where, and for whom; and its origin in physiology and psychology. It then discusses measurement, psychological errors in testing, statistics, test strategy, and experimental design. The reader is also introduced to the discrimination, descriptive, and affective methods of testing, along with the criteria used to select a specific method, procedures for data analysis, and the communication of actionable results. The book concludes by looking at problems where sensory evaluation is applicable, including correlation of instrumental and sensory data, measurement of perceived efficacy, storage testing, and product optimization. This book is a valuable resource for sensory professionals, product development and production specialists, research directors, technical managers, and professionals involved in marketing, marketing research, and advertising.

  • The Development Of Dictyostelium Discoideum

    • 1st Edition
    • William Loomis
    • English
    The Development of Dictyostelium discoideum consists of 11 chapters representing the 11 major aspects at which continuous progress are made in the study of Dictyostelium discoideum. This book begins with the discovery, classification, ecology, and development of Dictyostelium discoideum. It then outlines the advances in genetic manipulation and mutant isolation of the organism. Much of the advances in cell biology have been related to a better understanding of the composition and function of the cell membrane. Hence, analyses of Dictyostelium plasma membranes are collated. This reference material also describes the role of chemoattractants in organizing cell movements and the intracellular events triggered by occupancy of chemoreceptors. It also explains the understanding of the macromolecular components of the chemosensory system of Dictyostelium discoideum. It further discusses the cell motility, cell adhesion, morphogenetic signaling, cytodifferentiation, and gene expression in the species. Finally, the phenomenon of cell-type specification and regulation in this organism is addressed. This book will be valuable for those already familiar with the general outlines of Dictyostelium biology.

  • Plant Growth and Development

    A Molecular Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • Donald E. Fosket
    • English
    Plant Growth and Development: A Molecular Approach presents the field of plant development from both molecular and genetic perspectives. This field has evolved at a rapid rate over the past five years through the increasing exploitation of the remarkable plant Arabidopsis. The small genome, rapid life cycle, and ease of transformation of Arabidopsis, as well as the relatively large number of laboratories that are using this plant for their research, have lead to an exponential increase in information about plant development mechanisms.In Plant Growth and Development: A Molecular Approach Professor Fosket synthesizes this flood of new information in a way that conveys to students the excitement of this still growing field. His textbook is based on notes developed over more than ten years of teaching a course on the molecular analysis of plant growth and development and assumes no special knowledge of plant biology. It is intended for advanced undergraduates in plant development, as well as those in plant molecular biology. Graduate students and researchers who are just beginning to work in the field will also find much valuable information in this book. Each chapter concludes with questions for study and review as well as suggestions for further reading. Illustrated with two-color drawings and graphs throughout, and containing up-to-date and comprehensive coverage, Plant Growth and Development: A Molecular Approach will excite and inform students as it increases their understanding of plant science.

  • Stress Responses of Photosynthetic Organisms

    Molecular Mechanisms and Molecular Regulations
    • 1st Edition
    • Kimiyuki Satoh + 1 more
    • English
    Sixteen topics from the results of the research project "Molecular Mechanisms for Responses of the Photosynthetic Apparatus to the Environment," are documented in this excellent and timely work.Photosynthesis research has a long history in Japan, and many Japanese laboratories working in this field have been very active and productive. Based on the foundation established by these laboratories, the research reflected in this book focuses on elucidating the interactions between photosynthesis and the environment, with special emphasis on the molecular aspects of these interactions. The major purpose of the research was to identify specific genes required for (a) repair of the organisms from stress-induced damage to the photosynthetic machinery and (b) acclimation of photosynthetic processes to specific changes in environmental conditions. Once specific genes were identified, the effects of expression (and overexpression) of these genes in transgenic plants on acclimation processes were analyzed.Through the analysis of transgenic plants and cyanobacteria, the volume clarifies a number of molecular mechanisms by which plants acclimate to environmental variations, and the factors that govern recovery from stress-induced damage, especially with respect to the photosynthetic apparatus.A treatize on stress physiology and photosynthesis, the book also indicates the agricultural usefulness of transgenic plants and microalgae which are produced to study the molecular mechanisms of the tolerance of plants to changes in their environment.

  • Circannual Clocks

    Annual Biological Rhythms
    • 1st Edition
    • Eric Pengelley
    • English
    Circannual Clocks: Annual Biological Rhythms documents the Proceedings of a Satellite Symposium of the 140th Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science held in San Francisco, California, February 25, 1974. The purpose of the symposium was to summarize the present state of knowledge on endogenous annual rhythms (circannual clocks), and to point out their biological significance and importance. The presentations included studies on the following: the circannual rhythms of an arthropod, the cave crayfish, Orconectes pellucidus inermis, and a cnidarian, Campanularia flexuosa; the occurrence, manifestation, and importance of circannual rhythms in birds with different migratory habits; and the importance of circannual rhythms in hibernating mammals. Also covered are the relationships between circannual rhythms and endogenous lunar and tidal rhythms; circannual rhythm of reproduction in male European starlings; the adaptational value of internal annual clocks in birds; the expression and suppression of the circannual antler growth cycle in deer; and circannual rhythms in man.

  • Antibody Production in Man

    In Vitro Synthesis and Clinical Implications
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony S. Fauci
    • English
    Antibody Production in Man: In Vitro Synthesis and Clinical Implications is composed of the proceedings of the Catharijne Conference on immunology held in Utrecht, Holland on March 15-18, 1978. The conference focuses on the in vitro induction and regulation of immunoglobulin and antibody synthesis by human lymphocytes. It aims to present, analyze, exchange, and criticize data among the different investigators and to attempt to resolve apparent inconsistencies and contradictions. The book first discusses the mitogen- and antigen-induced B-cell activation. It then explains the subpopulations of lymphocytes involved in the regulation of in vitro B-cell function and the clinical implications in the study of in vitro B-cell function. This book reflects the stimulation as well as the frustration during the workshop. It will serve as a small force and focus of direction in this most interesting, complex, and relevant area of human immunobiology.

  • A Textbook of Plant Virus Diseases

    • 3rd Edition
    • Kenneth M. Smith
    • English
    A Textbook of Plant Virus Diseases deals with a discussion of different plant viruses, their properties, and the corresponding diseases these viruses cause. It includes a list of host plants of every virus arranged alphabetically. The book discusses the new types of disease vectors, such as root-infesting fungi, nematode worms, mites, and insects that are both biting and sucking. It also discusses the development of new techniques in electron microscopy that is used to characterize in detail the causal viruses of a number of plant virus diseases. Furthermore, it presents the development of plant virus serology, as well as the improved methods of virus isolation that allow the classification of viruses into related groups. The book includes a Bibliography and an Index of Synonyms that can be used in identifying given virus name. In addition, cross-references are included for searching a particular virus under the alternative names. This book will be invaluable to ecologists, environmentalists, agriculturalists, and other scientists interested in plant viruses. Biology students will also find this reference helpful.

  • Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates V3

    Annelids and Echiurans
    • 1st Edition
    • Arthur Giese
    • English
    Reproduction of Marine Invertebrates, Volume III: Annelids and Echiurans illustrates the importance of annelids and echiurans in the evolution of reproductive mechanisms and in the ecology of the sea. It discusses the asexual reproduction, sexual reproduction capacity, and developmental stages of specific annelids, such as polychaeta and clitellata, and of echiurans. The annelids appear to be midway forms in the evolutionary progression of the metazoans. The echiurans, with close affinities to the annelids, are organisms that have become increasingly important for researches in developmental biology. The book will be helpful to marine scientists and biologists, reproduction researchers, and developmental biologists.

  • Isolation Characterization, and Utilization of T Lymphocyte Clones

    • 1st Edition
    • C Fathman
    • English
    Isolation, Characterization, and Utilization of T Lymphocyte Clones is a summary of information regarding T lymphocyte clones, including their usefulness. Organized into nine parts, the book begins with discussions on the soluble factors that can influence the growth of cloned T cells and the utilization of T cell hybridomas for analysis of T cell functions, emphasizing the biochemical and functional properties of helper and suppressor factors. The book then looks into the analysis of T cell clones and hybridomas using techniques of somatic cell genetics. The clonal analysis by limiting dilution, the characteristics of murine T cell clones reactive with alloantigens and soluble antigens, and the human T cell clones are described as well. This volume is valuable to those interested in the field of cloning of immunocompetent T cells.

  • Pleomorphic Fungi

    The Diversity and Its Taxonomic Implications
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Sugiyama
    • English
    The diversity of propagules, or simply ``pleomorphy'' (or ``pleomorphism''), is a characteristic of most fungi. In recent years, knowledge with respect to pleomorphy and its dramatic examples has increased enormously. Data on teleomorph-anamorph connections and pleoanamorph (synanamorph) connections together with the analysis of conidium ontogeny cannot be ignored in considering the taxonomy of the major groups of higher fungi today. The purpose of this book is to shed light on those aspects mentioned above, to contribute toward a better knowledge and understanding of pleomorphic fungi, and to present modern trends associated with the taxonomy, morphology, and nomenclature of pleomorphic fungi. This publication was inspired by the 1983 Third International Mycological Congress at Tokyo, and although it is not intended as the symposium proceedings, symposium speakers make up the nucleus of the book. It is hoped that this book will aid in the development of current knowledge on fungal systematics and provide a useful reference not only to specialists in systematic mycology, but also to researchers, teachers, and university students broadly interested in pleomorphic fungi.

  • Phagocytosis—past and future

    • 1st Edition
    • Liana Bolis
    • English
    Phagocytosis—Past and Future is a collection of contributions by investigators who met in the Province of Messina, Sicily, in October 1980 to discuss the functions of phagocytic leukocytes in the host-parasite relationship. The topics discussed are largely in the areas of cell biology, cellular immunology, and biochemistry. They ranged from aspects of cellular movement and the ingestion process per se, to definition of substances that affect the function of phagocytic leukocytes and the nature of cidal mechanisms at the molecular level. This volume is organized into six sections encompassing 33 chapters and begins with an overview of Ilya Ilich Metchnikoff's life as well as his scientific contributions, particularly in the area of bacteriology and his research on mesodermal amoeboid cells. The next chapters focus on the mechanism of phagocytosis, with reference to aspects of cell membrane, cell movement, and ingestion. The reader is methodically introduced to the biochemical aspects of phagocytosis, from molecular modulations to energetics, oxygen radicals, and enzymes. The discussion then shifts to macrophages, their function in antigen recognition, receptor-mediated endocytosis in macrophage cell hybrids, and the role of phagocytosis in macrophage activation. The remaining chapters examine the cidal mechanisms of phagocytic leukocytes and aspects of inflammation. This book will be of interest to scientists and researchers in fields such as biology, biochemistry, immunology, pathology, pharmacology, and physiology.

  • Quantitative Methods in The Study of Animal behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Brian Hazlett
    • English
    Quantitative Methods in the Study of Animal Behavior covers a symposium on quantitative methods in behavior. In this book, mathematics is used in two ways – statistical approaches (techniques that describe the main patterns and variability of behavior patterns) and model building. Composed of six chapters, the book opens with a discussion on the three areas of classical ethology – social dominance, behavioral taxonomy, and behavioral variability. The following chapter focuses on the information theory as an ethological tool. In Chapter 3, application of multivariate analyses to diverse ethological data is discussed. The next part of the book discusses more in detail the animal behavioral patterns, relationships, and sequences. The book is a good reference for various fields such as biological science, marine science, and zoology. Students, teachers, scientists, and researchers interested in the aspects of statistics and patterns in animal behavior can make use of this book as a valuable resource.

  • Tropical Food: Chemistry and Nutrition V2

    • 1st Edition
    • George Inglett
    • English
    Tropical Foods: Chemistry and Nutrition, Volume 2 contains the proceedings of an International Conference on Tropical Foods: Chemistry and Nutrition, held in Honolulu, Hawaii, on March 28-30, 1979. The papers explore the chemical and nutritional aspects of tropical foods from around the world, including vegetables, coconut foods, wheat, and soybean foods. This volume is comprised of 19 chapters and begins with an overview of the nutritional aspects of some tropical plant foods by focusing on nutrition, the nutritional composition of some plant foods, and the applications and limitations of food composition tables, along with assessment of nutritional status and some obstacles to nutritional health. The next chapter surveys tropical foods in the Far East, with emphasis on the processing and nutritional evaluation of fermented foods as well as fermentation and other methods of food preservation. Vegetable production in tropical Asian countries such as the Philippines is also considered. Subsequent chapters look at tropical home gardens as a nutrition intervention, tropical foods in Central America, and some aspects of traditional African foods. This book should be a valuable resource for biochemists, nutritionists, and nutritional scientists.

  • Molecular Biology of RNA Tumor Viruses

    • 1st Edition
    • John Stephenson
    • English
    Molecular Biology of RNA Tumor Viruses deals with the molecular biology and biologic significance of RNA tumor viruses. Methods and procedures with broad application to diverse areas of molecular biology, including cell culture procedures, competition radioimmunoassays, molecular hybridization, oligonucleotide mapping, heteroduplex mapping, and restriction endonuclease techniques, are considered. This book is organized into 12 chapters and begins with a historical overview of tumor virology beginning with the early studies of Peyton Rous and leading up to the significant surge of activity during the later decade. The biology of endogenous retroviruses, their transmission both within and between species, and cellular regulatory factors influencing their expression are subsequently discussed. This book then addresses the nature and origin of transforming RNA viruses and gives a detailed review of knowledge concerning the genomic structure of type C viruses. Translational products encoded by the type C viral genome are examined in ensuing chapters, emphasizing the viral reverse transcriptase. Other mammalian retroviruses, including the mouse mammary tumor virus and type D isolates of primates, are also described. The book concludes by evaluating the possibility of direct etiologic involvement of either endogenous or exogenous RNA tumor viruses in human cancers. This book will be of value both to graduate students and to established investigators with specific interest in other aspects of molecular biology.

  • Invertebrate Tissue Culture

    Research Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Karl Maramorosch
    • English
    Invertebrate Tissue Culture: Research Applications covers the broad field and status of basic research in invertebrate tissue culture. This book particularly discusses invertebrate cell growth and differentiation, cloning of established cell lines, the breakthrough in molluscan tissue culture, and the establishment of the first snail line. It also highlights topics on invertebrate endocrinology and ecdysone biosynthesis in vitro. This text describes the identification of distinct juvenile hormones from corpora allata and the production of peptide neurohormones by cultured insect brains. Some chapters elucidate the use of Drosophila discs in vitro to study gene activity sites, as well as the applications of insect tissue culture to the study of intracellular parasites, symbionts, and arboviruses. Discussions on insect pathogenic viruses in insect cell lines, extraneous contaminants in invertebrate cell cultures, uses of invertebrate cells in plant pathology, and a description of invertebrate cell lines complete this volume. This reference will be valuable to microbiologists, parasitologists, virologists, entomologists, geneticists, and medical researchers working in the field and to graduate students in related fields of biomedical research.

  • Biology of Halophytes

    • 1st Edition
    • Yoav Waisel
    • English
    Biology of Halophytes is a monograph on the biological aspects of halophytes and their behavior under saline conditions. It explores the physioecological characteristics of halophytes, such as reproduction, growth, metabolism, water relations, mineral nutrition, salt transport, salt secretion, and salt resistance. It also provides ecological information on higher marine plants, particularly submerged angiosperms, mangroves, and high coast plants. Organized into 16 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of sources of salinity and the development and nature of salines and salt-affected soils. It proceeds with a discussion of the classification of halophytes, their mutual relationships, distribution, and sociology. It also summarizes autecological information on some terrestrial halophytes and introduces the reader to the formative effects of salinity, interrelationships between plants and spatial distribution within the community, ion transport and mineral nutrition, and regulation of salt content of shoots, before concluding with a short review on ecotypic differentiation in halophytes. This book will be a valuable resource for advanced students, as well as teachers of plant and environmental sciences.

  • The Structure and Function of Nervous Tissue V5

    Structure III and Physiology III
    • 1st Edition
    • Geoffrey Bourne
    • English
    The Structure and Function of Nervous Tissue, Volume V: Structure III and Physiology III covers topics relating to nerve growth factor (NGF), neuroglia, central myelinated axon, adrenal medulla, and saccus vasculosus of the nervous system. The book begins with the physicochemical properties of the NGF molecule, followed by the neuroglial participation in the removal of debris from damaged central nervous system (CNS). It discusses the regional distribution and biochemical characteristics of two steroid-binding systems, one for estradiol and the other for corticosterone. It also presents studies on “split-brain”, an expression coined by Sperry (1961) to characterize an organism whose brain has been partially divided into two by surgical transection of the commissural fibers crossing the midline, in lower vertebrates, mammals, and primates. The book ends with electrophysiological studies of learning in simplified nervous system preparations. This book serves as a reference work for graduate students in a variety of disciplines and for those specializing in particular aspects of nervous tissue study.

  • Acidic Proteins of the Nucleus

    • 1st Edition
    • Ivan Cameron
    • English
    Acidic Proteins of the Nucleus focuses on the functional role of acidic nuclear proteins in differential gene expression. Historically, these proteins are referred to as acidic in nature because they are insoluble in dilute mineral acids and their amino acid composition shows a preponderance of acidic over basic amino acid residues. After an introduction to DNA-binding proteins and transcriptional control in prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems, the subsequent chapters describe various approaches for isolating, separating, and characterizing acidic nuclear proteins. The core chapters specifically cover the isolation, fractionation, and characterization of acidic nuclear phosphoproteins, and the role of these proteins in cell proliferation, cell differentiation, and cell cycle. The last two chapters address the role of acidic nuclear protein in binding steroid hormones and in gene regulation. Each chapter contains some previously unpublished work and provides recommendations for future research. This book will be a good reference background for researchers of acidic nuclear proteins.

  • Control Mechanisms in the Expression of Cellular Phenotypes

    • 1st Edition
    • Helen Padykula
    • English
    Control Mechanisms in the Expression of Cellular Phenotypes documents the proceedings of a symposium of the International Society for Cell Biology. In progressively widening investigations, phenotypic expression has come to a critical focus not only in the developmental biology of animal and plant cells, but also in such fields as immunology, cytogenetics, enzymatic regulation, and tumor biology. It was for this reason that the present symposium was organized as a means of bringing together investigators of widely different backgrounds. The contributions made by researchers at the symposium include studies on gene expression in allophenic mice; the regulation of uridine 5-monophosphate synthesis in human diploid cells; the melanotic expression of embryonic pigment cells; and clonal cell lines of neurons. Other papers deal with biochemical genetics studies on mammalian cells in vitro; embryos from somatic plant cells; somatic cell hybrids as tools for genetic studies in man; and utilization of somatic cells for genetic analysis.

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