Agroforestry for Carbon and Ecosystem Management

1st Edition - October 27, 2023
Editors: Manoj Kumar Jhariya, Ram Swaroop Meena, Arnab Banerjee, Sandeep Kumar, Abhishek Raj
Language: English
Paperback ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 3 9 3 - 1
eBook ISBN:
9 7 8 - 0 - 3 2 3 - 9 5 8 7 5 - 2

Agroforestry for Carbon and Ecosystem Management is a comprehensive overview of current research, issues, challenges, and case studies in the area of agroforestry. The book focu… Read more

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Agroforestry for Carbon and Ecosystem Management is a comprehensive overview of current research, issues, challenges, and case studies in the area of agroforestry. The book focuses specifically on carbon source-sink relationship and management through agroforestry practices with a goal of improving overall environmental sustainability. Through expert insights and case studies, the book promotes carbon management, greenhouse gas emission reduction, forest, and ecosystem services management, along with relevant sustainable approaches for natural resources conservation. Users will find insights into novel approaches for natural resource management, with specific attention given to technologies related to carbon capture and management.

In addition, the book addresses the knowledge gap in relation to agroforestry, sustainability, and agroecosystem management and explores the application of remote sensing and geospatial technologies for agroforestry management.

Cover image
Title page
Table of Contents
Copyright
List of contributors
Editor biographies
Preface
Section I. General/introduction
Chapter 1. Agroforestry for carbon and ecosystem management: an overview
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Role of agroforestry
1.3. Issues and challenges of agroforestry
1.4. Potential and prospects of agroforestry
1.5. Agroforestry and sustainability
1.6. Carbon management through agroforestry
1.7. Agroforestry and its ecosystem services
1.8. Application of remote sensing and modeling in agroforestry—a future look
1.9. Future directives, research and development toward agroforestry development
1.10. Policy framework for implementation of agroforestry
1.11. Conclusion
Section II. Agroforestry: A way for sustainability
Chapter 2. Agroforestry for resource diversification and sustainable development
2.1. Introduction
2.2. Agricultural sustainability
2.3. Integrated land use systems
2.4. Resource availability and diversity in agroforestry
2.5. Agroforestry enhances the fertility of the soil
2.6. Agroforestry can restore degraded lands
2.7. Agroforestry for sloppy land management
2.8. Agroforestry is a proven system of food production
2.9. Agroforestry meets nutritional quality and farmer health
2.10. Agroforestry enhances household income
2.11. Agroforestry generates employment
2.12. Agroforestry to support rural livelihoods
2.13. Gender role and decision-making in agroforestry
2.14. Legal framework
2.15. Research and development
2.16. Conclusion
Chapter 3. Agroforestry and agriculture intensification
3.1. Introduction
3.2. History of agroforestry
3.3. Classification of agroforestry systems used in intensive agriculture
3.4. Main types of agroforestry systems
3.5. Agroforestry in agricultural intensification and ecosystem services
3.6. Challenges of agroforestry systems
3.7. Research and development about agricultural intensification through agroforestry
3.8. Policy and legal framework for agricultural intensification through agroforestry
3.9. Future perspective of agricultural intensification through agroforestry
3.10. Conclusion
Chapter 4. Agroforestry for degraded land use systems
4.1. Introduction
4.2. Agroforestry for degraded agricultural land
4.3. Agroforestry for degraded forestland
4.4. Agroforestry for mine-degraded lands
4.5. Agroforestry for degraded salt-affected lands
4.6. The role of local people in the restoration of degraded land use systems
4.7. Barriers to restoration of degraded lands through agroforestry practices
4.8. Agroforestry research and development for restoration of DLS
4.9. Agroforestry policy and legal framework for restoration of DLS
4.10. Future thrust or roadmap for the use of agroforestry in degraded land use systems
4.11. Conclusion
Chapter 5. Agroforestry and biodiversity conservation
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Benefits of agroforestry to biodiversity
5.3. Agroforestry and soil biodiversity
5.4. Agroforestry and faunal diversity
5.5. Agroforestry and plant diversity
5.6. Achieving global biodiversity conservation goals through agroforestry
5.7. Agroforestry interventions supporting biodiversity conservation
5.8. Agroforestry, biodiversity, and carbon management
5.9. Research and development for biodiversity conservation in AFS
5.10. Policy framework for biodiversity conservation in AFS
5.11. Future roadmap for biodiversity conservation in AFS
5.12. Conclusions
Chapter 6. Agroforestry to mitigate the climate change
6.1. Introduction
6.2. Agroforestry systems in Asia/Europe and other countries
6.3. Sustainable agroforestry practices: faith and facts
6.4. Climate change: cause and impacts
6.5. Carbon sequestration in an agroforestry system for offsetting C footprints
6.6. Scanning agroforestry system for climate change mitigation
6.7. Agroforestry system for soil organic carbon sequestration
6.8. C sequestration in different land use conversion to agroforestry system
6.9. Agroforestry system for environmental sustainability
6.10. Farmer's perception toward agroforestry adoption
6.11. Constraints in agroforestry promotion among farmers
6.12. Agroforestry recommendation in global organizations
6.13. Policy and future roadmap for agroforestry research
6.14. Conclusions
Chapter 7. Tree shelterbelts for sustainable agroforestry
7.1. Introduction
7.2. How shelterbelts work
7.3. Microclimate modification
7.4. Crop response to shelter
7.5. Ecosystem services and environmental benefits of shelterbelts
7.6. Shelterbelt for carbon management and sustainability
7.7. Conclusion
Section III. Agroforestry carbon management
Chapter 8. Carbon sink, mitigation, and sequestration under climate change
8.1. Introduction
8.2. The global carbon sinks
8.3. Carbon sequestration in agroforestry systems
8.4. The role of agroforestry in climate change mitigation and adaptation
8.5. Challenges in implementing agroforestry for climate change mitigation and adaptation
8.6. Research directions for carbon sinks, climate change mitigation and adaptation
8.7. Legal and policy framework for climate change mitigation and adaptation
8.8. Conclusion
Chapter 9. Carbon flux and budget of agroforestry
9.1. Introduction
9.2. Services of agroforestry
9.3. World scenario of agroforestry
9.4. Carbon flux
9.5. Carbon flux in agroforestry
9.6. Agroforestry budget
9.7. Role of agroforestry in carbon mitigation
9.8. Management strategies for agroforestry
9.9. Conclusion
9.10. Future perspectives
Chapter 10. Carbon fraction and pools in plants and soil
10.1. Introduction
10.2. Global carbon pool
10.3. Measurement of carbon pool changes
10.4. Basic assumptions to measure soil carbon
10.5. Soil carbon pools and fluxes in the urban ecosystem
10.6. Effect of global warming on SOC
10.7. Impact of potential climate change on SOM
10.8. Carbon sequestration
10.9. Carbon fraction
10.10. Characteristics of SOC pool
10.11. Conclusion
10.12. Future perspectives
Acknowledgements
Chapter 11. Carbon credit, trading, green economy, and clean development mechanisms
11.1. Introduction
11.2. Carbon credit
11.3. Carbon trading
11.4. Today’s carbon trading market
11.5. Green response to economies
11.6. Carbon offset to protect the environment
11.7. Kyoto protocol
11.8. Sustainable development and climate mitigation
11.9. Conclusion
11.10. Recommendation
Chapter 12. Urban emission reduction and carbon management
12.1. Introduction
12.2. The concept of urban forestry
12.3. Principles of urban forestry
12.4. The world's urban forest resources
12.5. Benefits of urban forestry
12.6. Challenges
12.7. Urban forestry for multifunctional urban land use
12.8. Trees and forests for sustainable cities
12.9. New focus on the role of trees in cities
12.10. Environmental and ecological values of urban green space
12.11. Social and cultural values of urban green space
12.12. Resilience of urban forestry toward climate change adaptation and mitigation
12.13. Urban agroforestry
12.14. Future directives, research and development toward urban agroforestry development
12.15. Conclusion
Chapter 13. Wetland-based agroforestry: Carbon management toward sustainability
13.1. Introduction
13.2. Concept of wetland-based agroforestry
13.3. Ecosystem services
13.4. Concept and need for carbon management
13.5. Coastal wetland-based agroforestry
13.6. Socioeconomic impact
13.7. Research and development in wetland-based AF: global and Indian perspective
13.8. Policy and legal framework for successful implementation of wetland-based agroforestry
13.9. Conclusion
13.10. The way forward
Chapter 14. Role of forest's woody vegetation in the climate change mitigation through carbon sequestration in the northern Pakistan
14.1. Introduction
14.2. Forest ecosystem
14.3. Forests ecosystem and its components
14.4. Ecosystem management in forest
14.5. Forest types in the Northern Pakistan
14.6. Climate change
14.7. Carbon sequestration
14.8. Policies relating to vegetation and soil carbon sequestration
14.9. Conclusion
Section IV. Agroforestry and ecosystem management
Chapter 15. Agroforestry and ecosystem services
15.1. Introduction
15.2. Ecosystem services: concept and research trends
15.3. Agroforestry systems: development and area coverage
15.4. Agroforestry systems: multifunctional and adoption
15.5. Ecosystem services through agroforestry
15.6. Major ecosystem services through agroforestry
15.7. Agroforestry system for ecological sustainability
15.8. Agroforestry contribution for environmental health and security
15.9. Reconciling value of agroforestry for sustainable landscape management
15.10. Agroforestry advancement for better ES: a policy reinforcement
15.11. Exploring future trends of research in agroforestry
15.12. Future roadmap and recommendation
15.13. Conclusion
Chapter 16. How to reduce the supply of nutrients to the soil, increase water reserves, and mitigate climate change
16.1. Introduction
16.2. Methodology
16.3. Results and discussion
16.4. Strategy and plan for reducing nutrient management, improving water storage and climate change mitigation
16.5. Conclusions
16.6. Future outlook
Chapter 17. Management of degraded coastal sites through agroforestry in the Niger Delta
17.1. Introduction
17.2. The scenario of degraded sites in the Niger Delta
17.3. The practice of agroforestry
17.4. Agroforestry in the management of degraded sites in the Niger Delta
17.5. Restoration and management strategies
17.6. Research and development toward agroforestry practice of the Niger Delta for managing degraded habitat
17.7. Policy decision and legal framework for eco-restoration for degraded sites through agroforestry in the Niger Delta
17.8. Future direction of agroforestry practice in the Niger Delta
17.9. Conclusion
Chapter 18. Agroforestry as a tool for climate change mitigation and agriculture sustainability: Experiences from Africa
18.1. Introduction
18.2. Agroforestry: an overview
18.3. Climate change, agroforestry, and agriculture in Africa
18.4. Agroforestry practices in Africa
18.5. Policy and legal framework for agroforestry systems in Africa
18.6. Recommendations for future agroforestry in Africa
18.7. Conclusion
Chapter 19. Agroforestry and arthropod diversity for ecosystem services
19.1. Introduction
19.2. Relation between an agroecosystem and arthropod diversity
19.3. Benefits of agroforestry
19.4. Significance of agroforestry in the Indian context
19.5. Limitations of AF
19.6. Agroecosystem management: developing sustainable agriculture and ecosystem fitness
19.7. Conclusion and prospects
Chapter 20. Dryland agroforestry: mitigating role in reducing air pollution and climate change impacts
20.1. Introduction
20.2. Area under agroforestry
20.3. Major agroforestry practices
20.4. The ecological role of agroforestry
20.5. Economic importance of dryland agroforestry
20.6. Dryland vegetation and agroforestry toward pollution reduction via carbon sequestration
20.7. Climate change as a world chronic concern
20.8. Management strategies of dryland agroforestry to counter climate change
20.9. Policy making and its application
20.10. Research and development
20.11. Conclusion
20.12. Recommendation
Chapter 21. Biomass-based agroforestry for sustainable land use planning and management
21.1. Introduction
21.2. Biomass-based forest and agroforestry
21.3. AFOLU management related to treating climate change
21.4. Sustainable land use planning and management
21.5. Conclusion
Chapter 22. Challenges to the management of evergreen oak forest systems in the Mediterranean basin
22.1. Introduction
22.2. Distribution and traits of the evergreen oaks (Q. suber and Q. rotundifolia)
22.3. Agroforestry systems of evergreen oaks
22.4. Management of the agroforestry systems
22.5. Diversity
22.6. Biomass and carbon storage
22.7. Challenges for the management of evergreen oak systems
22.8. Conclusions
Funding
Chapter 23. Transformation of organic matter and impact on the ecosystem
23.1. Soil—the most important natural resource
23.2. The role of organic matter in agroecosystems
23.3. Organic matter quantity and quality
23.4. The impact of organic matter on the functional properties of the soil
23.5. SOM influence on physical properties of soil
23.6. Transformation of humus in the soil
23.7. Humification and mineralization processes
23.8. Vermicomposting of organic matter
23.9. Soil management and soil organic matter status
23.10. Conclusion
Chapter 24. Toward planning more sustainable agroforestry systems in the face of climate change: Individual potential from croplands and woodlands
24.1. Climate change and potential of agricultural systems versus natural forest systems
24.2. Individual potential from croplands and woodlands for agroforestry: Case study in northern Argentina
24.3. Agricultural biomass: Carbon or energy reservoir?
24.4. Shrublands forestry biomass: Carbon or energy reservoir?
24.5. Agroforestry biomass: Carbon or energy reservoir? Analysis and discussion
24.6. Overview of policies and regulatory frameworks necessary for a positive socioenvironmental balance
24.7. Conclusions and future prospects
Section V. Agroforestry modeling and remote sensing
Chapter 25. Agroforestry modeling for natural resource management
25.1. Introduction
25.2. Agroforestry and natural resource management
25.3. Agroforestry toward integrated NRM system
25.4. Modeling in agroforestry for NRM
25.5. Issues, challenges, and prospects of agroforestry modeling
25.6. Policy and legal framework for agroforestry modeling
25.7. Future perspective of agroforestry modeling for NRM
25.8. Conclusions
Chapter 26. Process-based models for tree–crop interaction
26.1. Introduction
26.2. Tree–crop interactions: Science and mechanisms
26.3. Generic models for interactions
26.4. Modeling of belowground interactions
26.5. Predicting the long-term productivity and economic feasibility
26.6. The ambiguity of choice of models
26.7. Limitations and challenges
26.8. Future outlook
26.9. Conclusions
Chapter 27. Application of geospatial technology for agroforestry management
27.1. Introduction
27.2. Agroforestry practices and its importance
27.3. Geospatial technology and its application in agroforestry practices
27.4. Research and development toward agroforestry management through geospatial technology
27.5. Carbon sequestration assessment in agroforestry sectors
27.6. Conclusion
Section VI. Policies issues
Chapter 28. Evolution and modernity of policy issues in carbon management
28.1. Introduction
28.2. Greenhouse gas emissions: dynamics and geographical patterns
28.3. Greenhouse gas emissions: sectoral impact overview
28.4. Carbon global challenge
28.5. History and evolution of carbon-targeted policy development
28.6. Economy of carbon management
28.7. Modern global actions toward decarbonization
28.8. Agroforestry-given carbon management
28.9. Conclusions
28.10. Future roadmap for carbon management research
Chapter 29. Policy regarding sustainable forest management and resources
29.1. Introduction
29.2. Global forest resources and progress toward SFM
29.3. Trends in global forest governance and SFM practices
29.4. Global forest policy instruments promoting SFM practices
29.5. National and local forest management regimes and their roles in promoting SFM practices
29.6. Agroforestry and SFM
29.7. Managing carbon in AFS for SFM
29.8. Barriers to forest conservation initiatives and SFM
29.9. Research and global forest policy development
29.10. Future pathways for forest conservation and SFM practices
29.11. Conclusions
Chapter 30. Legal and policy framework for agroforestry ecosystem management
30.1. Introduction
30.2. Agroforestry development: barriers and policy gaps
30.3. Governing agroforestry: balancing between productivity and sustainability
30.4. Agroforestry ecosystem policy and legal framework
30.5. Conclusion
Index

Manoj Kumar Jhariya

Dr. Manoj Kumar Jhariya is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Farm Forestry at Sant Gahira Guru Vishwavidyalaya (Formerly, Sarguja University), Sarguja, Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh, India. Dr. Jhariya acquired B.Sc. (Agriculture), M.Sc. (Forestry) and PhD. (Forestry) Degrees from Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India. He won the University Gold Medal for securing first class first position in PhD. examination. He was awarded Chhattisgarh Young Scientist Award in the year 2013 from Chhattisgarh Council of Science and Technology. He was awarded a UGC-RGNF Fellowship, New Delhi, India. He is editorial board member of several journals. He is life member of- The Indian Science Congress Association, Applied and Natural Science Foundation, Society for Advancement of Human and Nature, Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Association of India, and ISDS Society &International Journal of Development and Sustainability. He is dynamically involved in teaching and research.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, University Teaching Department, Department of Farm Forestry, Sant Gahira Guru Vishwavidyalaya (Formerly, Sarguja University), Sarguja, Ambikapur-497001, (CG), India

Ram Swaroop Meena

Dr. Ram Swaroop Meena is an Agronomist working in the Department of Agronomy, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, India. Dr. Meena has been awarded Raman Research Fellowship by the Ministry of Education, Government of India. He has completed his postdoctoral research on soil carbon sequestration under Padma Shri Prof. Rattan Lal, World Food Prize Laureate, Columbus, USA. Dr. Meena has completed 10 external funded projects including, MHRD, ICAR, DST, etc.

Affiliations and expertise

Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, (UP), India

Arnab Banerjee

Dr. Arnab Banerjee is an Assistant Professor in Department of Environmental Science, Sarguja Vishwavidyalaya, Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh, India. He has completed M.Sc. and PhD. (Environmental Science) From Burdwan University and M.Phil. in Environmental Science from Kalyani University West Bengal. He won the University Gold Medal for securing first class first position in M.Sc. examination. He has been awarded Young Scientist Award for best oral presentation at International Conference held at University of Burdwan. He was a project fellow under UGC sponsored major research project. HHe is life member of academy of environmental biology. In addition to research and teaching, he supervises Post Graduate Students.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, University Teaching Department, Department of Environmental Science, Sant Gahira Guru Vishwavidyalaya (Formerly, Sarguja University), Sarguja, Ambikapur-497001, (CG), India

Sandeep Kumar

Dr. Sandeep Kumar is currently working as a scientist (Agronomy) at the ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Karnal, India. His research interests have focused on enhancing resource use efficiencies for sustainable crop production. He has published extensively, received numerous national awards, including Young Scientist, Best Paper Awards, Best Research Scholar, and received Best Master’s Thesis awards.

Affiliations and expertise

ICAR- Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Karnal, Haryana, India

Abhishek Raj

Dr. Abhishek Raj is Assistant Professor at the School of Agriculture, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar (Punjab), India, and the author or co-author of an extensive number of books, papers and book chapters. He acquired B.Sc. (Forestry) from SHUATS, Allahabad (U.P.), M.Sc. and PhD. (both in Forestry) degrees from Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (Chhattisgarh) India. He has qualified ICAR- NET (National Eligibility Test) in Agroforestry and received Young Scientist Award in 2016

Affiliations and expertise

Dr. Rajendra Prasad Central Agriculture University, Pusa Samastipur, Bihar, India