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Elsevier

Books in Physics

Physics titles offer comprehensive research and advancements across the fundamental and applied areas of physical science. From quantum mechanics and particle physics to astrophysics and materials science, these titles drive innovation and deepen understanding of the principles governing the universe. Essential for researchers, educators, and students, this collection supports scientific progress and practical applications across a diverse range of physics disciplines.

  • Properties of Natural and Synthetic Diamond

    • 1st Edition
    • J. E. Field
    • English
    This is the third book to appear in this series on the pure and applied sciences of diamond. For 40 years there has been a collaboration between academia and the industry on diamond research which, in my view, is unrivalled in the United Kingdom.

  • Wear Particles: From the Cradle to the Grave

    • 1st Edition
    • D. Dowson + 4 more
    • English
    The Leeds-Lyon symposia have well established themselves in the tribological calendar. Industrial progress requires a better understanding of interfacial phenomena than now exists and it is exciting to see that the topics addressed in these proceedings volumes are at the forefront of progress in tribological research. These proceedings contain 61 papers written by authors from all over the world, covering the entire spectrum of wear particles. Of particular interest is the detailed consideration of a wide range of particle formations and detachments, as well as a close look at the physics and chemistry of the wear of mechanisms, together with other in-depth state-of-the-art analytical contributions.

  • Progress in Optics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 30
    • English
    Confirming the fact that optics continues to be a highly active field of research where many interesting developments are currently taking place, the latest volume in this renowned series presents five review articles by well-known experts, on topics of current interest in optics. The first article concerns quantum fluctuations, a phenomenon encountered directly or indirectly in all optical measurements. Such fluctuations set limits to attainable accuracy with which measurements can be made. In recent years theoretical as well as experimental research has demonstrated that limitations arising from quantum fluctuations can sometimes be circumvented to some extent. These developments are of importance from the standpoint of basic physics as well as in connection with technological applications, such as noise reduction in communication systems. The second article deals with correlation holographic interferometry and speckle photography, paying special attention to the effects of random variation of surface microstructure on the contrast of interference fringes. The article which follows covers an important subject in the broad area of wave propagation in random media, namely wave localization. This phenomenon is a subtle manifestation of interference of multiply scattered waves and provides information about important properties of disordered systems. The article considers mainly localization in one-dimensional systems, which elucidate some of the underlying physics. The fourth article discusses an important nonlinear phenomenon, namely soliton propagation in fibres. Solitons are pulses which can propagate over long distances without change in shape. Because of their considerable stability, they are of particular interest for communication systems. The concluding article presents the theory and describes experiments on elementary quantum systems in the context of cavity quantum optics. Such experiments are providing deeper understanding of the interaction of light with matter and give new insights into the foundations of quantum mechanics.

  • High Energy and High Dose Ion Implantation

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 23
    • S.U. Campisano + 3 more
    • English
    Ion beam processing is a means of producing both novel materials and structures. The contributions in this volume strongly focus on this aspect and include many papers reporting on the modification of the electrical and structural properties of the target materials, both metals and semiconductors, as well as the synthesis of buried and surface compound layers. Many examples on the applications of high energy and high dose ion implantation are also given. All of the papers from Symposia C and D are presented in this single volume because the interests of many of the participants span both topics. Additionally many of the materials science aspects, including experimental methods, equipment and processing problems, diagnostic and analytical techniques are common to both symposia.

  • Angle-Resolved Photoemission

    Theory and Current Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 74
    • S.D. Kevan
    • English
    Angle-resolved photoemission has become an indispensable tool for solid state and surface physicists and chemists. This book covers the underlying phenomenology of the technique, reviews its application to existing problems, and discusses future applications. The book is particularly timely given the significant improvements in experimental and theoretical methodology which have recently been or soon will be attained, namely, ultrahigh resolution studies using improved sources of synchrotron radiation, quasiparticle interpretation of measured dispersion relations and spectra, in situ growth of novel materials, etc. The technique has been applied predominantly to understand materials for which the one-electron paradigm is a reasonable approximation. Most chapters discuss this type of experiment: 2D and 3D states in metals and semiconductors, extrinsic states induced by adsorption, etc. Applications of the technique to materials where electron correlation plays a comparable role to that of solid state hybridization, ferro- and antiferromagnets, high Tc superconductors, etc. are rapidly growing in popularity. These areas are also discussed and a foundation is laid for further experiments in this direction.Almost all chapters contain comprehensive bibliographies and compendia of systems studied. The book has an extensive index which cross references applications and systems studied.

  • SiC, Natural and Synthetic Diamond and Related Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 20
    • A.A. Gippius + 2 more
    • English
    This volume addresses the burgeoning field of wide band gap materials. The 64 contributed and invited papers will do much to stimulate the well-justified ongoing work, both theoretical and experimental, in this area. The high standard of the papers attests to the significant progress that has been made in this field, as well as reporting on the challenging problems that still remain to be solved.

  • Nanostructured Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 35
    • English
    This is the first available volume to consolidate prominent topics in the emerging field of nanostructured systems. Recent technological advancements have led to a new era of nanostructure physics, allowing for the fabrication of nanostructures whose behavior is dominated by quantum interference effects. This new capability has enthused the experimentalist and theorist alike. Innumerable possibilities have now opened up for physical exploration and device technology on the nanoscale. This book, with contributions from five pioneering researchers, will allow the expert and novice alike to explore a fascinating new field.

  • Nuclear Methods in Semiconductor Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 25
    • G. Langouche + 2 more
    • English
    The two areas of experimental research explored in this volume are: the Hyperfine Interaction Methods, focusing on the microscopic configuration surrounding radioactive probe atoms in semiconductors, and Ion Beam Techniques using scattering, energy loss and channeling properties of highly energetic ions penetrating in semiconductors. A large area of interesting local defect studies is discussed. Less commonly used methods in the semiconductor field, such as nuclear magnetic resonance, electron nuclear double resonance, muon spin resonance and positron annihilation, are also reviewed. The broad scope of the contributions clearly demonstrates the growing interest in the use of sometimes fairly unconventional nuclear methods in the field of semiconductor physics.

  • Theory of Physical and Technical Measurement

    • 1st Edition
    • J. Piotrowski
    • English
    A complete theory of measurement from the principles of establishing the reality images to measurement procedures is presented in this book. A precise mathematical model of errors is presented with the use of various applications to interpret measurement results. Axioms are formulated which provide a deduction theory of measurement. The variety of problems addressed by modern science results in a diversity of models of physical and metrological phenomena, and leads to the view that there is not now, and may never be, a uniform theory of measurement. There is a need, however, to establish a foundation common to all measurements and studies, and this is the author's main aim allied to attempts to create a universal theory of measurement. The purpose of measurement is discussed. Many practical examples illustrating the methodology of modelling, calibration and the analysis of the results of measurement are reviewed. The book is designed for physicists, analytical and physical chemists and engineers involved with the work of metrology. A knowledge of physics, probability and statistics and the principles of metrology is a prerequisite for understanding this work.

  • Laser Surface Processing and Characterization

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 24
    • I.W. Boyd
    • English
    The contributions in this volume reflect not only the growing understanding of the underlying mechanisms controlling the various reactions in laser surface processing, but also the potential of several developing applications of direct processing. The most notable trend in the field currently is the technique of laser ablation, which is reported in almost a quarter of the papers in this volume. Whilst by no means a new phenomenon, attention has until recent years remained in the area of lithography and UV-sensitive materials. The growth in interest lies in the use of the technique to grow multi-component thin films and multi-layers. A number of papers on the topic of process diagnostics and in-situ measurements are also included. The theme of these annual meetings is centred around the physical and chemical modification of thin films and surfaces induced by the action of photon, ion, neutral, or electron beams in a variety of environments. Consequently these proceedings provide a comprehensive and unified presentation of the latest developments in this field.

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 29
    • English

  • Progress in Low Temperature Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 13
    • English
    Since 1955 Progress in Low Temperature Physics has continued to monitor scientific achievements in the realm of low-temperature physics. Obtaining low temperatures used to be an aim in itself in the past, whereas nowadays achieving millikelvin temperatures is a routine experimental procedure. However, the properties of materials at these low temperatures contine to produce fascinating physics: the liquid, solid and superfluid, phases of the quantum fluids 3He and 4He as well as 'new' materials such as high-temperature superconductors and tiny quantum devices display their macroscopic quantum behavior only at the lowest temperatures.Volume XIII of this series continues the tradition of collecting fundamental studies of macroscopic quantum phenomena. In this volume, properties of new systems such as small circuits at low temperatures and high-Tc superconductors are studied. But the systems that are formed by 3He and 4He and their mixtures at low temperatures continue to dazzle and amaze with their ever more intricate properties studied with increasing accuracy. This volume provides the reader with an archival overview of the magic world of low temperatures as perceived by todays most sensitive probes.

  • Laser Pioneers

    • 1st Edition
    • Jeff Hecht
    • English
    This work presents the intriguing story of laser technology development through interviews with the scientists who made history with their groundbreaking research. Laser Pioneers, Revised Edition, describes a race for innovative laser technologies that resulted in several Nobel Prizes and one of the most bitter patent fights of the twentieth century. This book makes fascinating reading for anyone involved with physics, engineering, optics, lasers, or the history of science--or anyone simply interested in the process of invention.

  • Group Theory in Physics

    Supersymmetries and Infinite-Dimensional Algebras
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • John F. Cornwell
    • English
    Recent devopments, particularly in high-energy physics, have projected group theory and symmetry consideration into a central position in theoretical physics. These developments have taken physicists increasingly deeper into the fascinating world of pure mathematics. This work presents important mathematical developments of the last fifteen years in a form that is easy to comprehend and appreciate.

  • Topics in Soliton Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 167
    • R.W. Carroll
    • English
    When soliton theory, based on water waves, plasmas, fiber optics etc., was developing in the 1960-1970 era it seemed that perhaps KdV (and a few other equations) were really rather special in the set of all interesting partial differential equations. As it turns out, although integrable systems are still special, the mathematical interaction of integrable systems theory with virtually all branches of mathematics (and with many currently developing areas of theoretical physics) illustrates the importance of this area. This book concentrates on developing the theme of the tau function. KdV and KP equations are treated extensively, with material on NLS and AKNS systems, and in following the tau function theme one is led to conformal field theory, strings, and other topics in physics. The extensive list of references contains about 1000 entries.

  • Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 15
    • English
    Volume 15 in this series continues the voyage of discovery started almost a decade ago.Chapter 98 adds significantly to an evaluation of systematic, experimental low-temperature studies of the ambivalent behaviours of cerium (ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, spin glass, superconductivity etc.) which depend upon its environment in materials. The conclusions arrived at should provide new data against which the theory can be advanced.The next chapter provides a review of rare earth carbides, emphasizing the thermodynamics, phase diagrams, crystal structures and physical properties. The binary rare earth carbides present an exceptionally wide range of compositions and structures both as solids and gas-phase molecules. Complex carbides with additional metal and non-metal components also receive attention.Metal-rich halides (i.e. compounds with an X/R ratio <2) are the subject of the next chapter. The compounds are classified according to their structure and chemical bonding characteristics and their electrical and magnetic properties are also reviewed.Chapter 101 deals with the preparation, structure, chemical and physical properties of heavy-metal fluoride glasses. Large amounts of rare earths can be added into these, and they possess a great potential for optical applications in the mid-infrared range as fiber optic glasses for communication and transmission of information, optical wave guides, fiber lasers and sensors.The following chapter explores the chemical kinetics of solvent and ligand exchange in aqueous lanthanide solutions. A wealth of tabulated information on rate and equilibrium constants is provided in textual and tabular form. Chapter 103 considers the fundamentally important reactions of the lanthanide ions with water. These interactions are discussed for both solids and solutions. The hydrated species are considered in detail for the aqueous solution, revealing the consequences of the lanthanide series sequence.The concluding chapter reviews macrocyclic complexes formed by rare earth and dioxouranium ions as templates. Synthetic trends and reactivity are considered as well as potential uses of these intriguing wrap-around structures.

  • Handbook of Magnetic Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • K.H.J. Buschow
    • English
    The Handbook of Magnetic Materials has a dual purpose; as a textbook, it provides an introduction to a given topic within magnetism, and as a work of reference, it serves scientists active in magnetism research. To fulfill these two goals, eachchapter in the Handbook is written by leading authorities in thefield, and combines state-of-the-art research results with an extensive compilation of archival knowledge.Magnetism is a rapidly expanding field which constantly continuesto encompass new phenomena. Examples of such subfields of magnetism are quadrupolar interactions, magnetic superconductors,and quasiscrystals: topics that are all covered in the presentvolume. The only common ground between these new materials andferromagnets, is the possession of a magnetic moment; the seriestitle has been slightly adjusted to reflect this. But in keepingwith tradition, the Handbook of Magnetic Materials continues toallow readers to acquaint themselves in great depth with topicsthrough the entire breadth of magnetism research.

  • High-Temperature Superconductivity

    An Introduction
    • 1st Edition
    • Gerald Burns
    • English
    Here is a concise, tutorial overview of the exciting new field of high-temperature superconductivity. This authoritative textbook focuses on topics, experimental results, and theoretical issues that are likely to have lasting value and are readily understandable to upper-level undergraduates and others new to the field. Written primarily from an experimental point of view, the book reviews conventional superconductors and then presents the structure, normal state and superconducting properties, and applications of the new cuprate superconductors. An insightful analysis of critical currents in thin films and wires is included. The book will provide an excellent supplementary text for students taking their first solid state physics course. In addition, all those with a basic knowledge of solid state physics will find the book to be a useful introduction to the field.

  • Active Control of Sound

    • 1st Edition
    • P A Nelson
    • English
    Recent technological advances in the development of fast digital signal processors have made the active control of sound a practical proposition. This book brings together results from research in the two disciplinesof acoustics and signal processing and presents the fundamentals of noise control in a unified manner. Practical applications are presented wherever possible although the emphasis is on the algorithmic principles which form the foundation of practical systems. The volume is written in textbook style and aimed at both undergraduate and postgraduate students of acoustics and signal processing, professional acoustical and electrical engineers, and researchers in the field of active control.

  • Intermolecular and Surface Forces

    With Applications to Colloidal and Biological Systems
    • 2nd Edition
    • Jacob N. Israelachvili
    • English
    This book describes the roles of various intermolecular and interparticle forces in determining the properties of simple systems such as gases, liquids, and solids, of more complex colloidal, polymeric, and biological systems. The book provides a thorough grounding in theories and concepts of intermolecular forces, allowing students and researchers to recognize which forces are important in any particular system and how to control these forces.

  • Structures in Dynamics

    Finite Dimensional Deterministic Studies
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 2
    • H.W. Broer + 3 more
    • English
    The study of non-linear dynamical systems nowadays is an intricate mixture of analysis, geometry, algebra and measure theory and this book takes all aspects into account.Presenting the contents of its authors' graduate courses in non-linear dynamical systems, this volume aims at researchers who wish to be acquainted with the more theoretical and fundamental subjects in non-linear dynamics and is designed to link the popular literature with research papers and monographs.All of the subjects covered in this book are extensively dealt with and presented in a pedagogic form. These include the presentation of an environment for the route to chaos by quasi-periodicity (which is related to the Landau-Lifschitz and Ruelle-Takens scenario's concerning the onset of turbulence); the theories of 1-dimensional dynamics, singularities in planar vector fields, and quasi-periodicity in dissipative systems.

  • Progress in Optics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 29
    • English
    This volume presents five authoritative review articles on optics and related subjects. The first article deals with important components of many opto-electronic systems, namely waveguide diffraction gratings. It presents an account of the use of waveguide gratings as well as a quantitative review of the properties of optical waveguides. The second article discusses the phenomenon of enhanced backscattering, which has attracted a good deal of attention in recent years. It contains an account of research carried out mainly but not exclusively in the U.S.S.R.. The generation and propagation of ultrashort optical pulses as well as some linear and non-linear effects which arise when such pulses propagate in free space or in material media, is dealt with in the next article. It also includes accounts of the use of ultrashort pulses in the fields of optical communications and data processing. The fourth article presents a brief review of several interferometric methods for overcoming the degradation of image quality caused by atmospheric fluctuations, including the so-called speckle masking method, speckle spectroscopy methods and optical long baseline interferometry with arrays of large telescopes. The concluding article deals with non-linear optical properties of semiconductors and metal crystallites in dielectric matrices. A good understanding of these properties is required when choosing the most appropriate materials for manufacturing devices which utilize several non-linear optical effects. Such devices would be particularly useful in connection with processing and transmission of information and their performance might eventually surpass those of present-day electronics.

  • Materials for Optoelectronic Devices, OEICs and Photonics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 19
    • H. Schlötterer + 3 more
    • English
    The aim of the contributions in this volume is to give a current overview on the basic properties and applications of semiconductor and nonlinear optical materials for optoelectronics and integrated optics. They provide a cross-linkage between different materials (III-V, II-VI, Si-Ge, glasses, etc.), various sample dimensions (from bulk crystals to quantum dots), and a range of techniques for growth (LPE to MOMBE) and for processing (from surface passivation to ion beams). Major growth techniques and materials are discussed, including the sophisticated technologies required to exploit the exciting properties of low dimensional semiconductors. These proceedings will prove an invaluable guide to the current state of optoelectronic and nonlinear optical materials development, as well as indicating trends and also future markets for optoelectronic devices.

  • Analytical Techniques for the Characterization of Compound Semiconductors

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 21
    • G. Bastard + 1 more
    • English
    This volume is a collection of 96 papers presented at the above Conference. The scope of the work includes optical and electrical methods as well as techniques for structural and compositional characterization. The contributed papers report on topics such as X-ray diffraction, TEM, depth profiling, photoluminescence, Raman scattering and various electrical methods. Of particular interest are combinations of different techniques providing complementary information. The compound semiconductors reviewed belong mainly to the III-V and III-VI families. The papers in this volume will provide a useful reference on the implications of new technologies in the characterization of compound semiconductors.

  • Hopping Transport in Solids

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 28
    • M. Pollak + 1 more
    • English
    The hopping process, which differs substantially from conventional transport processes in crystals, is the central process in the transport phenomena discussed in this book. Throughout the book the term ``hopping'' is defined as the inelastic tunneling transfer of an electron between two localized electronic states centered at different locations. Such processes do not occur in conventional electronic transport in solids, since localized states are not compatible with the translational symmetry of crystals.The rapid growth of interest in hopping transport has followed in the footsteps of the development of physics of disordered systems during the last three decades. The intense interest in disordered solids can be attributed to the technological potential of the new noncrystalline materials, as well as to new fundamental problems discovered in solid state physics when a crystal is no longer translationally symmetric.In the last decade hopping systems such as organic polymers, biological materials, many oxide glasses, mesoscopic systems, and the new high-temperature superconducting materials in their normal state have attracted much interest. New phenomena investigated recently include interference and coherent scattering in variable range hopping conduction, mesoscopic effects, relaxation processes and thermo-electric power, and thermal conductivity caused by hopping transport. This volume presents the reader with a thorough overview of these recent developments, written by leading experts in the various fields.

  • Nonradiative Recombination in Semiconductors

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 33
    • V.N. Abakumov + 2 more
    • English
    In recent years, great progress has been made in the understandingof recombination processes controlling the number of excessfree carriers in semiconductors under nonequilibrium conditions. As a result, it is now possible to give a comprehensivetheoret... description of these processes. The authors haveselected a number of experimental results which elucidate theunderlying physical problems and enable a test of theoreticalmodels.Th... following topics are dealt with: phenomenological theory ofrecombination, theoretical models of shallow and deep localizedstates, cascade model of carrier capture by impurity centers,capture restricted by diffusion, multiphonon processes, Augerprocesses, effect of electric field on capture and thermalemission of carriers.

  • Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 14
    • English
    This volume differs somewhat from the previous volumes in the series in that there is a strong emphasis on the physical aspects and not so much on the chemical aspects of intermetallic compounds. Two of the chapters are concerned with relatively new experimental methods of studying rare earth metallic phases - high energy neutron spectroscopy and light scattering. In these chapters the authors explain the new kinds of information one obtains from these techniques and how this complements the knowledge previously gleaned from the more common measurements - such as NMR, heat capacities, magnetic susceptibility, transport and elastic properties. One of the remaining three chapters deals with NMR studies of rare earth intermetallics and the final two chapters are concerned, not so much with a particular experimental technique, but with physical phenomena that occur in these compounds: the electron-phonon interaction and heavy fermion behavior.

  • Nonlinear Topics in Ocean Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 109
    • A.R. Osborne
    • English
    The main fields presented at this school were mesoscale and large scale flows, and nonlinear wave dynamics. The resulting proceedings present the latest developments in these fields.

  • Magnetic Thin Films, Multilayers and Superlattices

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 16
    • A. Fert + 4 more
    • English
    Materials Research in thin and ultrathin magnetic structures is a multidisciplinary field which heavily relies on state-of-the-art growth, characterization and theoretical approaches to build a comprehensive physical picture on how magnetic properties depend on interfacial structural issues, interlayer coupling and transport phenomena. Often in this field, the critical properties and characterization required necessitates knowledge of structural and magnetic phenomena extending over several atomic planes. Atomic controlled growth techniques are required and atomic sensitivity is needed from magnetic and structural probes. This critical knowledge is vital for device applications, providing the basis for the synergistic interactions that are predominant in this field of research. This volume is the definitive reference source for anyone interested in the latest advances and results of current experimental research in ultrathin film magnetism.

  • Advances in Research and Applications: Semiconductor Heterostructures and Nanostructures

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 44
    • English
    The explosion of the science of mesoscopic structures is having a great impact on physics and electrical engineering because of the possible applications of these structures in microelectronic and optoelectronic devices of the future. This volume of Solid State Physics consists of two comprehensive and authoritative articles that discuss most of the physical problems that have so far been identified as being of importance in semiconductor nanostructures. Much of the volume is tutorial in characture--while at the same time time presenting current and vital theoretical and experimental results and a copious reference list--so it will be essential reading to all those taking a part in the research and development of this emerging technology.

  • Quantum Semiconductor Structures

    Fundamentals and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Claude Weisbuch + 1 more
    • English
    In its original form, this widely acclaimed primer on the fundamentals of quantized semiconductor structures was published as an introductory chapter in Raymond Dingle's edited volume (24) of Semiconductors and Semimetals. Having already been praised by reviewers for its excellent coverage, this material is now available in an updated and expanded "student edition." This work promises to become a standard reference in the field. It covers the basics of electronic states as well as the fundamentals of optical interactions and quantum transport in two-dimensional quantized systems. This revised student edition also includes entirely new sections discussing applications and one-dimensional and zero-dimensional systems.

  • Annual Reports on NMR Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 23
    • English
    This book is part of a series on spectroscopy, and covers NMR studiesof isolated spin-pairs in the solid state, the oxidation state dependence of transition metal shieldings, the Cinderella nuclei, nuclear spin relaxation in organic systems, solutions of macromolecules and aggregates and the NMR of coals and coal products. Related titlesare volumes 20, 21 and 22 in the series.

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 28
    • English

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 27
    • English

  • Handbook of Semiconductor Silicon Technology

    • 1st Edition
    • William C. O'Mara + 2 more
    • English
    This handbook is a comprehensive summary of the science, technology and manufacturing of semiconductor silicon materials. Every known property of silicon is detailed. A complete set of binary phase diagrams is included. Practical aspects such as materials handling, safety, impurity and defect reduction are also discussed in depth.Fundamentals in the areas of silicon precursor compounds, polysilicon, silicon crystal growth, wafer fabrication, epitaxial and CVD deposition are addressed by experts in these fields. Materials properties covered include electrical, optical and mechanical properties, deep level impurities and carrier lifetime, and thermochemistry, as well as specific sections on oxygen, carbon, and nitrogen impurities. The book contains an extensive set of references, tables of materials constants, and silicon properties, and a presentation on the state of the art of materials manufacturing.

  • Quantum Physics, Relativity, and Complex Spacetime

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 163
    • G. Kaiser
    • English
    A new synthesis of the principles of quantum mechanics and Relativity is proposed in the context of complex differential geometry. The positivity of the energy implies that wave functions and fields can be extended to complex spacetime, and it is shown that this complexification has a solid physical interpretation as an extended phase space. The extended fields can be said to be realistic wavelet transforms of the original fields. A new, algebraic theory of wavelets is developed.

  • Surface Processing and Laser Assisted Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 18
    • E. Fogarassy + 2 more
    • English
    The papers in this volume cover all aspects of laser assisted surface processing ranging from the preparation of high-Tc superconducting layer structures to industrial laser applications for device fabrication. The topics presented give recent results in organometallic chemistry and laser photochemistry, and novel surface characterization techniques. The ability to control the surface morphology by digital deposition and etching shows one of the future directions for exciting applications of laser surface processing, some of which may apply UV and VUV excitation. The understanding of elementary proceses is essential for the design of novel deposition methods, with diamond CVD being an outstanding example. The high quality of these contributions once again demonstrates that the E-MRS is an efficient forum for interaction between research workers and industry.

  • History of CERN, II

    Volume II - Building and Running the Laboratory, 1954-1965
    • 1st Edition
    • A. Hermann + 4 more
    • English
    The first volume of the History of CERN (published in 1987) dealt with the launching of the European Organization for Nuclear Research covering the period 1949 to 1954. Volume II continues the history through to the mid-1960's, when it was decided to equip the laboratory with a second generation of accelerators and a new Director-General was nominated. It covers the building and the running of the laboratory during these dozen years, it studies the construction and exploitation of the 600 MeV Synchro-cyclotron and the 28 GeV Proton Synchrotron, it considers the setting up of the material and organizational infrastructure which made this possible, and it covers the reigns of four Director-Generals, Felix Bloch, Cornelis Bakker, John Adams and Victor Weisskopf.Three considerations are relevant to the treatment of the material in this volume. Firstly the political dimension, in the broad sense of the term, was no longer omnipresent as during the process of creation. Alongside it scientific and technical determinations were at work. The second consideration is that the institutional dimension was also inescapably present. Finally, there was no longer one dominant process in the organisation's life but several and it was no longer possible to tell just one story. The authors therefore decided to focus attention on various aspects of CERN's life.Part I attempts to describe the various aspects which together constitute the history of CERN and aims to offer a synchronic panorama year by year account of CERN's many activities. Part II deals primarily with technological achievements and scientific results and it includes the most technical chapters in the volume, chapters using as main sources publications in the open literature, internal reports, and minutes of specialized committees or of divisional meetings. Part III aims to define how the CERN ``system'' functioned, how this science-based organization worked, how it chose, planned and concretely realized its experimental programme on the shop-floor and how it identified the equipment it would need in the long term and organized its relations with the outside world, notably the political world. The concluding Part IV aims to bring out the specificity of CERN, to identify the ways in which it differed from other big science laboratories in the 1950's and 1960's, and to try to understand where its uniqueness and originality lay.

  • Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 13
    • English
    The justification for combining reports of studies of the rare earths from the disciplines of physics and chemistry can be found in the historical reliance each has had upon the other in the apprehension of these mysterious substances. This was stated in the preface to the first four volumes of the series and is even more true today. For a time, specializations thrived more or less independently but as theory has become more comprehensive it has become possible to progress towards unification of these specializations. Nowhere has this need for a unified approach been more evident than in the study of the rare earths where the insights won in one area become a vision to another resulting in the illumination of the whole. The lanthanides are particularly suited to multidisciplinary study because of the unity derived from the progressive filling of the 4f orbitals by electrons. This introduces many profound physical phenomena such as magnetism as well as the frequently subtle chemical variation that affords fine-tuning of our understanding of nature.Volume 13 of the Handbook continues to promote this interactive approach to the science of the rare earths. Insights won from focused study of some aspect of the field are presented in critical and authoritative reviews. Some of these add important archival material of general and lasting interest. Others on topical subjects will promote new understanding of active areas.

  • Progress in Optics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 28
    • English
    Volume XXVIII contains five review articles covering the following areas - digital holography, a field that has found useful applications in connection with data processing and data storage, for 3-d displays and in providing new types of optical components, for example, holographic gratings; - basic investigations concerned with new technologies that may lead to better optical communication systems and improved limits of measurement than are expected from the traditional interpretation of quantum-mechanical measurement theory; - a review of our current understanding of quantum coherence properties of stimulated Raman scattering; - an account of techniques developed in recent years in the field of interferometry, for improvements of high precision measurements; - the fascinating phenomenon of quantum jumps, which were introduced in the theory of atomic spectra by Niels Bohr in 1913.

  • Dissipative Structures and Weak Turbulence

    • 1st Edition
    • English
    Dissipative Structure and Weak Turbulence provides an understanding of the emergence and evolution of structures in macroscopic systems. This book discusses the emergence of dissipative structures. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the stability of a fluid layer with potentially unstable density stratification in the field of gravity. This text then explains the theoretical description of the dynamics of a given system at a formal level. Other chapters consider several examples of how such simplified models can be derived, complicating the picture progressively to account for other phenomena. This book discusses as well the theory and experiments on plain Rayleigh–Bénard convection by setting first the theoretical frame and deriving the analytical solution of the marginal stability problem. The final chapter deals with building a bridge between chaos as studied in weakly confined systems and more advanced turbulence in the most conventional sense. This book is a valuable resource for physicists.

  • Science, Churchill and Me

    The Autobiography of Hermann Bondi
    • 1st Edition
    • Hermann Bondi + 1 more
    • English
    Recounts the experiences, appointments and achievements of this eminent scientist. Dealing systematically with Bondi's childhood in Austria, arrival in Cambridge and his important contributions to the field of mathematics before his appointment as Master of Churchill College, Cambridge, the book conveys how an initially strictly academic career led to a range of positions in the public sector finishing with a return to academia.

  • Statistical Mechanics

    • 1st Edition
    • R. Kubo + 3 more
    • English
    Statistical Mechanics provides a series of concise lectures on the fundamental theories of statistical mechanics, carefully chosen examples and a number of problems with complete solutions. Modern physics has opened the way for a thorough examination of infra-structure of nature and understanding of the properties of matter from an atomistic point of view. Statistical mechanics is an essential bridge between the laws of nature on a microscopic scale and the macroscopic behaviour of matter. A good training in statistical mechanics thus provides a basis for modern physics and is indispensable to any student in physics, chemistry, biophysics and engineering sciences who wishes to work in these rapidly developing scientific and technological fields. The collection of examples and problems is comprehensive. The problems are grouped in order of increasing difficulty.

  • Radiation Exchange

    An Introduction
    • 1st Edition
    • Jack H. Taylor
    • English
    Here is an introductory examination of electromagnetic radiation. This book deals with the radiation laws, the phenomenon of radiation exchange, the quantification of radiation, and the mechanisms whereby radiation is attenuated in passing through the Earth's atmosphere. It can be used as a supplement to an introductory physics or astronomy text and also as a guide for members of the infrared community who would like additional insight into the area of radiation exchange. The concepts discussed here are well within the grasp of undergraduate students.**After studying this book, the reader will have developed a clear understanding of the phenomenon of radiatin exchange and will appreciate more thoroughly its importance in nature and its numerous applications.

  • Space Groups for Solid State Scientists

    • 2nd Edition
    • Michael Glazer + 2 more
    • English
    This Second Edition provides solid state scientists, who are not necessarily experts in crystallography, with an understandable and comprehensive guide to the new International Tables for Crystallography. The basic ideas of symmetry, lattices, point groups, and space groups are explained in a clear and detailed manner. Notation is introduced in a step-by-step way so that the reader is supplied with the tools necessary to derive and apply space group information. Of particular interest in this second edition are the discussions of space groups application to such timely topics as high-temperature superconductors, phase transitions, semiconductor superlattices, incommensurate modulation, and icosahedral symmetry.

  • Beam Processing and Laser Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 12
    • I.W. Boyd + 1 more
    • English
    This volume discusses both the practical and theoretical aspects of energy beam materials processing. It highlights the recent advances in the use of beams and incoherent light sources to enhance or modify chemical processes at solid surfaces. Special attention is given to the latest developments in the use of ion, electron and photon beams, and on laser-assisted process chemistry. Thin film and surface and interface reactions as well as bulk phase transformations are discussed. Practical technological details and the criteria for present and future applications are also reviewed. The papers collected in this volume reflect the continuing strong interest and variety of development in this field. A selection of contents: Deposition. Photo-assisted MOVPE growth of calcium fluoride (K.J. Mackey et al.). XPS characterization of chromium films deposited from Cr(CO)6 at 248 nm (R. Nowak et al.). The chemistry of alkyl - aluminum compounds during laser-assisted chemical vapor deposition (G.S. Higashi). Influence of dilution in nitrogen on the photodissociation processes of silane and disilane at 193 nm. (E. Boch et al.). Growth processes of epitaxial metal films on semiconductor and insulator substrates by ionized cluster beam (I. Yamada). Kinetics and mechanisms of CW laser induced deposition of metals for microelectronics (G. Auvert). Damage Mechanisms. Modelling of lattice damage accumulation during high energy ion implantation (N. Hecking, E.H. te Kaat). Defects created by 3.5 GeV xenon ions in silicon (P. Mary et al.). Mixing, Crystallisation and Synthesis. Material transformations in semiconductor and magnetic thin films (E.E. Marinero). Explosive crystallization of amorphous silicon: triggering and propagation (W.C. Sinke et al.). Structural changes in AuxSi1-x alloy films under laser irradiation (J. Marfaing et al.). Ion-assisted recrystallization of amorphous silicon (F. Priola et al.). Ion beam synthesis of buried compound layers: accomplishments and perspectives (A. Golanski). Epitaxial lateral overgrowth of amorphous CVD silicon films induced by ion irradiation (M. Voelskow et al.). Wear resistant coatings produced by C+ implantation (C. Neelmeijer et al.). Laser surface alloying of Ni film on A1-based alloy (E. Gaffet et al.). Dielectrics. Photoenhanced CVD of hydrogenated amorphous silicon using an internal hydrogen discharge lamp (W.I. Milne et al.). Laser assisted synthesis of ultrafine silicon powder (R. Fantoni et al.). Doping. Excimer laser induced melting of heavily doped silicon: a contribution to the optimization of the laser doping process (E. Fogarassy et al.). In-situ doping of silicon using the gas immersion laser doping (GILD) process (P.G. Carey et al.). Laser solid-phase doping of semiconductors (A.M. Prokhorov et al.). Ablation. Photoablation of polyimide with IR and UV laser radiation (R. Braun et al.). Resputtering of low-energy implanted inert gases: an angle-resolved time-of-flight study (J. van Zwol et al.). Deposition of Y-Ba-Cu oxide superconducting thin films by Nd:YAG laser evaporation (W. Marine et al.). Cluster ion formation by laser evaporation of solid complex oxides (A. Mele et al.). Geometric optimisation for the deposition of high temperature superconductors (M. Brown et al.). Nucleation and growth of laser-plasma deposited thin films (S. Metev, K. Meteva). Etching. Time of flight study of low pressure laser etching of silicon by chlorine (J. Boulmer et al.). Nanosecond excimer laser-enhanced chemical etching (T.S. Baller, J. Dieleman). Laser patterned desorption within an upflow metalorganic chemical vapor deposition reactor (J.E. Epler et al.). Ion beam assisted etching of silicon with bromine. The role of the adsorbed state (G.C. Tyrrell et al.). Surface modification of low density polyethylene by N+, Ar+ ion implantation for space charge devices (S. Kuniyoshi et al.). Author index. Subject index.

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 26
    • English

  • Characterization of Semiconductor Materials, Volume 1

    Principles and Methods
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 1
    • Gary F. McGuire
    • English
    Characterization of semiconductor materials and methods used to characterize them will be described extensively in this new Noyes series. Written by experts in each subject area, the series will present the most up-to-date information available in this rapidly advancing field. Includes chapters on Electrical Characterization, Ion Mass Spectrometry, Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Ion/Solid Interactions and more.

  • Ion Beams for Materials Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • J.R Bird + 1 more
    • English
    The use of ion beams for materials analysis involves many different ion-atom interaction processes which previously have largely been considered in separate reviews and texts. A list of books and conference proceedings is given in Table 2. This book is divided into three parts, the first which treats all ion beam techniques and their applications in such diverse fields as materials science, thin film and semiconductor technology, surface science, geology, biology, medicine, environmental science, archaeology and so on.

  • Progress in Low Temperature Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 12
    • English
    Volume 12 in this distinguished series starts with a chapter on high temperature superconductivity. The chapter is of general interest, giving a historical perspective of the various speculations in the past on the possibility of such superconductors and the possible mechanisms for the superconductivity in the recently discovered materials. Other chapters illustrate the wide range of physics which are more usual low temperature topics, such as spin polarized 3He gas and the Kapitza thermal boundary resistance at mainly millikelvin temperatures. Topics from neighbouring fields such as metal physics and applications of low-temperature physics are dealt with in chapters on charge density waves and multi-SQUID devices and their applications.

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