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Elsevier

Books in Physics

Physics titles offer comprehensive research and advancements across the fundamental and applied areas of physical science. From quantum mechanics and particle physics to astrophysics and materials science, these titles drive innovation and deepen understanding of the principles governing the universe. Essential for researchers, educators, and students, this collection supports scientific progress and practical applications across a diverse range of physics disciplines.

  • Film in Higher Education and Research

    Proceedings of a Conference Held at the College of Advanced Technology, Birmingham, in September 1964
    • 1st Edition
    • Peter D. Groves
    • English
    Film in Higher Education and Research is a collection of papers dealing with the use of films as a teaching tool in the classroom. Some papers discuss the relationship of film and higher education institutions, certain aspects of the cinema which is neglected at the university level, and the aims of higher education in different countries as reported by UNESCO and other documents. One paper notes that film-makers and teachers are disorganized in their use of films and other technological advances. A couple of papers investigate the requirements for, classification of, and availability of films used in chemistry subjects, as well as the organization of film activities in Birmingham University. Films utilized in higher education involve three fields connected with the institution: for instruction, for research, and for broader education. Another paper addresses the use of films—different from the usual cinematographic tool in the school—especially in research. At 8,000 to 10,000 frames per second, the camera changes from an ordinary tool aid into a scientific instrument requiring special lighting techniques and devices. Other papers tackle film production for education—cost, direction, customer needs, equipment, and distribution of the finished work. The collection is suitable for schools officers, film makers, educators, and officials of ministries of departments of education and learning.

  • Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology

    Volume 1
    • 1st Edition
    • Ernest J. Henley + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology, Volume 1 provides an authoritative, complete, coherent, and critical review of the nuclear industry. This book covers a variety of topics, including nuclear power stations, graft polymerization, diffusion in uranium alloys, and conventional power plants. Organized into seven chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the three stages of the operation of a power plant, either nuclear or conventionally fueled. This text then examines the major problems that face the successful development of commercial nuclear power plants. Other chapters consider the synthesis of graft copolymers by radiation-induced graft polymerization. This book discusses as well the processes of technical importance in the nuclear field, such as the bonding of fuel materials to cladding, or the release of fission gases from fuel elements. The final chapter deals with the effects of nuclear radiation in causing chemical changes in matter. This book is a valuable resource for scientists and engineers.

  • Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology

    Volume 3
    • 1st Edition
    • Paul Greebler + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology, Volume 3 provides an authoritative, complete, coherent, and critical review of the nuclear industry. This book presents the advances in the atomic energy field. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the use of pulsed neutron sources for the determination of the thermalization and diffusion properties of moderating as well as multiplying media. This text then examines the effect of nuclear radiation on electronic circuitry and its components. Other chapters consider radiation effects in various inorganic solids, with emphasis on the investigation of variations effected in the mechanical and optical crystalline properties. This book discusses as well several methods for solving various problems in reactor theory. The final chapter deals with several types of pulsed neutron sources in use and speculates on improvements that may be expected in their performance. This book is a valuable resource for design engineers and neuron physicists.

  • Interactions of Space Vehicles with an Ionized Atmosphere

    International Series of Monographs in Aeronautics and Astronautics, Vol. 18
    • 1st Edition
    • S. F. Singer
    • English
    International Series of Monographs in Aeronautics and Astronautics, Volume 18: Interactions of Space Vehicles with an Ionized Atmosphere focuses on the interaction of bodies with ionized gas as it move through the interplanetary space. This book is divided into 10 chapters. Chapter 1 deals with the fundamental problem that underlies the distortion of a plasma in the vicinity of an electrically charged body. The rocket and satellite measurements of the plasma that sheath around the body in which the screening takes place are discussed in Chapters 2 to 4. In Chapters 5 to 6, the direct physical interactions between the particles of the plasma and surface of a body are described. The electromagnetic propagation effects introduced by the presence of a body in a plasma are covered in Chapters 7 to 9. The last chapter is devoted to finding and describing mechanisms that might explain the existence of plasma clouds produced by the passage of large bodies through a plasma. This volume is intended for scientists, engineers, and researchers interested in the interactions of space vehicles with an ionized atmosphere.

  • Theory of Dispersed Multiphase Flow

    Proceedings of an Advanced Seminar Conducted by the Mathematics Research Center The University of Wisconsin-Madison May 26-28, 1982
    • 1st Edition
    • Richard E. Meyer
    • English
    Mathematics Research Center Symposium: Theory of Dispersed Multiphase Flow covers the proceedings of an advanced seminar conducted by the Mathematics Research Center of the University of Wisconsin-Madison on May 26-28, 1982. The book focuses on solutions of long chain polymers in liquids, magnetic control of particle suspensions in fluid streams, aerosols, dense granular flows, and ice crystals or vapor bubbles dispersed in river waters. The selection first elaborates on the effects of interactions between particles on the rheology of dispersions; rheology of concentrated macromolecular solutions; and a survey of results in the mathematical theory of fluidization. Discussions focus on Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities, linear instability theory, steady solutions, general theory for polymer solutions and suspensions, electrostatically concentrated suspensions, and pair interaction theories. The text then examines instability in settling of suspensions due to Brownian effects; enhanced sedimentation in vessels having inclined walls; and simple kinetic theory of Brownian diffusion in vapors and aerosols. The text takes a look at the simulation of aerosol dynamics, continuum modeling of two-phase flows, multiphase mixture theory for fluid-particle flows, and mixture theory for turbulent diffusion of heavy particles. Topics include plane gravity flow, decomposition and averaging, isothermal flows of dilute suspensions, kinematics and the equations of motion, diffusional regularization, kinematic waves, and aerosol formation and growth in uniform systems. The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers interested in the theory of dispersed multiphase flow.

  • Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology

    Volume 9
    • 1st Edition
    • Ernest J. Henley + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology, Volume 9 provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of nuclear science and technology. This book discusses the safe and beneficial development of land-based nuclear power plants. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the possible consequences of a large-scale release of radioactivity from a nuclear reactor in the event of a serious accident. This text then discusses the extension of conventional perturbation techniques to multidimensional systems and to high-order approximations of the Boltzmann equation. Other chapters consider details of probability treatment of the conventionally assumed loss-of-pressure accident to a modern gas-cooled reactor. This book discusses as well details of reliability analysis of a typical electromechanical protective system. The final chapter deals with the computer applications and the need for standardization as both computing and nuclear energy shifted from research and development to industry status. This book is a valuable resource for reactor physicists, engineers, scientists, and research workers.

  • Basic Principles of Electronics

    Volume 2: Semiconductors
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Jenkins + 1 more
    • W. Ashhurst
    • English
    Basic Principles of Electronics, Volume 2: Semiconductors focuses on the properties, applications, and characteristics of semiconductors. The publication first elaborates on conduction in the solid state, conduction and heat, and semiconductors. Discussions focus on extrinsic or impurity semiconductors, electrons and holes, effect of temperature on the conductivity, mean free path, Joule heating effect, "vacancies" in crystals, and Drude's theory of metallic conduction. The text then ponders on semiconductor technology and simple devices, transistor, and transistor production and characteristics. Topics include strain gauges, thermistors, thermoelectric semiconductors, crystal preparation, photoconductors, and the Hall effect. The book elaborates on special devices, processes, and uses, common transistor circuitry, and a low-frequency equivalent circuit for common base, including radiation detection, optoelectronics, field effect transistors, sonar amplifier, oscillators, and multi-stage amplifiers. The publication is highly recommended for technical college students and researchers wanting to study semiconductors.

  • Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology

    Volume 7
    • 1st Edition
    • Ernest J. Henley + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology, Volume 7 provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of nuclear science and technology. This book discusses the safe and beneficial development of land-based nuclear power plants. Organized into five chapters, this volume begins with an overview of irradiation-induced void swelling in austenitic stainless steels. This text then examines the importance of various transport processes for fission product redistribution, which depends on the diffusion data, the vaporization properties, and the solubility in the fuel matrix. Other chapters consider the integro-differential form of the linear transport equation, which forms the basis for the study of neutron distributions. This book discusses as well the W–H technique and its relevance in transport theory. The final chapter deals with nuclear reactor safety and describes the system in preventing thermal explosions. This book is a valuable resource for thermal reactor physicists, industrial engineers, theoreticians, scientists, and research workers.

  • The Mechanical and Physical Properties of the British Standard En Steels (B.S. 970 - 1955)

    En 1 to En 20
    • 1st Edition
    • J. Woolman + 1 more
    • English
    The Mechanical and Physical Properties of the British Standard En Steels, Volume 1: En 1 to En 20 provides information pertinent to the most commonly used range of steels in the United Kingdom. This book discusses the properties of steels and the equivalent foreign specifications. This volume begins with an overview of the application of En 1 steels wherein good machinability is the prime consideration. This text then provides the specification, properties, and applications of En 2 steel, which is mild steel suitable for general use for lightly stressed parts. This book considers the general purpose of En 3 series for welded or riveted structures, forgings, machined parts, and hot pressing. This text discusses as well the uses of En 4 steel in agricultural machinery especially where superior toughness is required. Finally, the machinability of En 20 is discussed. This book is a valuable resource for engineers, designers, and all users of steel.

  • Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology

    Volume 5
    • 1st Edition
    • Ernest J. Henley + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology, Volume 5 presents the underlying principles and theory, as well as the practical applications of the advances in the nuclear field. This book reviews the specialized applications to such fields as space propulsion. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the design and objective of the Fast Flux Test Facility to provide fast flux irradiation testing facilities. This text then examines the problem in the design of nuclear reactors, which is the analysis of the spatial and temporal behavior of the neutron and temperature distributions within the system. Other chapters consider the three major ways of estimating shield effectiveness. This book discusses as well the purpose of variational principle, which is a characterization of a function as the stationary point of an appropriate functional. The final chapter deals with the solution of the Boltzmann transport equation. This book is a valuable resource for engineers.

  • Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology

    Volume 8
    • 1st Edition
    • Ernest J. Henley + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology, Volume 8 discusses the development of nuclear power in several countries throughout the world. This book discusses the world's largest program of land-based electricity production in the United States. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the phenomenon of quasi-exponential behavior by examining two mathematical models of the neutron field. This text then discusses the finite element method, which is a method for obtaining approximate solutions to integral or differential equations. Other chapters consider the status of the accuracy of nuclear data used for reactor calculations and the target accuracies required by reactor physics. This book discusses as well the role of integral experiments for the improvement of nuclear data and the different approaches taken to enhance them. The final chapter deals with the manufacture and application of coated particles. This book is a valuable resource for reactor physicists, engineers, scientists, and research workers.

  • Transport Properties of Concrete

    Measurements and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Peter A. Claisse
    • English
    Transport Properties of Concrete covers how to measure the ability of ions and fluids to move through concrete material, and how to use the results to model performance. These transport properties largely determine the durability of concrete and of steel embedded within it, as well as the effectiveness of structures such as landfill containment barriers. The book begins by explaining in detail what transport properties are and how to write computer models for transport processes. Early chapters present and explain computer models written in basic code. Coverage then proceeds to a wide range of tests for the transport properties of concrete, and methods for calculating the values for these properties from the test results using analytical and numerical models. The final chapters then show how the values obtained can be used to predict the durability of reinforced concrete, to model the effect of gas pressure, and to model waste containment structures. A number of practical examples are given, in which the calculations and computer models have been applied to real experimental data. Transport Properties of Concrete provides a comprehensive examination of the subject, and will be of use to all concerned with the durability and effectiveness of concrete structures.

  • Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology

    Volume 6
    • 1st Edition
    • Ernest J. Henley + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Nuclear Science and Technology, Volume 6 provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of nuclear science and technology. This book covers a variety of topics, including nuclear steam generator, oscillations, fast reactor fuel, gas centrifuge, thermal transport system, and fuel cycle. Organized into six chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the high standards of technical safety for Europe's first nuclear-propelled merchant ship. This text then examines the state of knowledge concerning qualitative results on the behavior of the solutions of the nonlinear point kinetics equations with linear feedback. Other chapters consider the mathematical methods used in the calculations and outline the main features peculiar to fast systems. This book discusses as well the thermal transport in reactors. The final chapter deals with the status of nuclear energy in Western Europe, which depends on the development and introduction of reactor types that make a better use of the nuclear resources. This book is a valuable resource for reactor physicists.

  • Hydrogen in Steel

    Effect of Hydrogen on Iron and Steel During Production, Fabrication, and Use
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Smialowski
    • English
    Hydrogen in Steel: Effect of Hydrogen on Iron and Steel During Production, Fabrication, and Use focuses on the effect of hydrogen on iron and steel during production, fabrication, and use. Topics covered range from the solubility of hydrogen in iron and ferrous alloys to the diffusion and permeation of hydrogen through iron and steel. Electrochemical problems related to the ability of iron to absorb hydrogen from aqueous solutions are also considered. Comprised of 19 chapters, this book begins with a detailed treatment of the nature and properties of metal-hydrogen systems, paying particular attention to the behavior of hydrogen in the bulk of the metal phase and the mechanism of reactions between metals and hydrogen or hydrogen-producing compounds. The reader is then introduced to the solubility of hydrogen in iron and ferrous alloys as well as the nature of the final product of the hydrogen-iron interaction. Subsequent chapters deal with dimensional changes and stresses produced in steel by cathodically evolved hydrogen; the effects of hydrogen on the physical, mechanical, and chemical properties of iron and steel; influence of welding on hydrogen; and sulfide corrosion cracking of steel. The effects of pickling on steel are also examined, along with the blistering and embrittlement caused by hydrogen on the base metal during electroplating. This book will be of value to students and practitioners in the field of physical chemistry.

  • Elementary Mechanics of Solids

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Structure and Solid Body Mechanics
    • 1st Edition
    • P. P. Benham
    • B. G. Neal
    • English
    Elementary Mechanics of Solids presents the three fundamental principles, namely, equilibrium of forces, stress-strain relationship, and geometry and compatibility of deformations. This book discusses the concept of simplifying assumptions about behavior to obtain the simpler engineering solutions. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of the theory of elasticity. This text then presents a detailed discussion of biaxial stress and strain systems as well as the generalized stress-strain relationships. Other chapters consider the determination of deflections of straight and curved beams due to shearing and bending action. This book discusses as well the elastic torsion of various thin-walled closed and open sections as well as the shaft of solid circular cross section. The final chapter discusses some cases in which the combined effects of torsion and bending occur. This book is a valuable resource for students who wish to obtain a university degree in engineering, diploma of technology, or higher national certificate.

  • Physics for O.N.C. Courses

    • 1st Edition
    • R.A. Edwards
    • English
    Physics for O.N.C. Courses is a textbook that aims to serve the specific needs of science and engineering students at Ordinary National Certificate (ONC) level in physics. Topics covered range from surface tension and viscosity to gas laws and the specific heats of gases, sources of sound and sound waves, and spherical mirrors. Lenses, the eye, refraction at plane surfaces, and dispersion of light are also discussed. This book is comprised of 27 chapters and opens with a review of some basic principles and concepts in physics such as mass, force, and weight; work, energy, and power; states of matter; density and specific gravity; and pressure and diffusion. The reader is then introduced to surface tension, viscosity, the nature of heat, and elementary thermometry. Thermal expansion, heat quantity and its measurement, and properties of gases are also discussed, along with thermal radiation and wave motion. The remaining chapters focus on vapors and vapor pressure; thermal conductivity; vibrations of strings and rods; frequency and velocity of sound; sound intensity and the Doppler effect; and elementary principles of geometric optics. The final chapter is devoted to the fundamentals of atomic and radiation physics. This monograph will be a valuable resource for physicists, physics teachers, and science and engineering students at ONC level in physics.

  • Neuroanatomy for Medical Students

    • 2nd Edition
    • J. L. Wilkinson
    • English
    Neuroanatomy for Medical Students, Second Edition provides a fundamental knowledge base that is essential to a proper understanding of the clinical neurosciences. This edition includes additional topics on neurophysiology, neuropharmacology, and applied anatomy. The areas on cell membrane structure and function, motor control, muscle spindles, spinocerebellar tracts, reticular formation, striatal transmitters, and retinal neurons are updated. This book also expands the topics on pineal gland, pituitary tumors, split brain effect, visual cortex, neural plasticity, and barrel fields. The topography of ventricles and summary table of cranial nerve are likewise revised. Other materials covered include nerve growth factor, neural transplantation, dorsal column transection, cerebellar memory, and perivascular spaces. The neurotransmitters and neuromodulators, nuclear magnetic resonance, and position emission tomography are also discussed. This publication is a good reference for medical students intending to acquire knowledge of basic neurobiology.

  • Molecular Aspects of Bioelectricity

    • 1st Edition
    • Ernest Schoffeniels + 1 more
    • English
    Molecular Aspects of Bioelectricity describes the self-organization in molecular and cellular networks. This book evaluates the chemical representation of ion flux gating in excitable biomembranes and addresses the theoretical implication of liganding reactions in axonal sodium channel gating. It also strongly demonstrates the ligand interactions of crustacean axonal membrane. The opening chapters deal with the biochemical studies of the structure, mechanism, and differentiation of the voltage-sensitive sodium channel; and biochemical cycle of impedance variation in axonal membranes. The succeeding chapters examine the effect of various compounds on the phosphorylation of nerve proteins and the molecular aspects of the actions of cyclic nucleotides at synapses. These topics are followed by discussions of the acetylcholine and choline acetyltransferase, as well as the polymorphism of cholinesterase in vertebrates. The closing chapters are devoted to the physical factors determining gated flux from and into sealed membrane fragments. The book can provide useful information to biologists, students, and researchers.

  • Elastic Wave Field Extrapolation

    Redatuming of Single- and Multi-Component Seismic Data
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 2
    • C.P.A. Wapenaar
    • A. J. Berkhout
    • English
    Extrapolation of seismic waves from the earth's surface to any level in the subsurface plays an essential role in many advanced seismic processing schemes, such as migration, inverse scattering and redatuming. At present these schemes are based on the acoustic wave equation. This means not only that S-waves (shear waves) are ignored, but also that P-waves (compressional waves) are not handled correctly. In the seismic industry there is an important trend towards multi-component data acquisition. For processing of multi-component seismic data, ignoring S-waves can no longer be justified. Wave field extrapolation should therefore be based on the full elastic wave equation.In this book the authors review acoustic one-way extrapolation of P-waves and introduce elastic one-way extrapolation of P- and S-waves. They demonstrate that elastic extrapolation of multi-component data, decomposed into P- and S-waves, is essentially equivalent to acoustic extrapolation of P-waves. This has the important practical consequence that elastic processing of multi-component seismic data need not be significantly more complicated than acoustic processing of single-component seismic data. This is demonstrated in the final chapters, which deal with the application of wave field extrapolation in the redatuming process of single- and multi-component seismic data.Geophysicists, and anyone who is interested in a review of acoustic and elastic wave theory, will find this book useful. It is also a suitable textbook for graduate students and those following courses in elastic wave field extrapolation as each subject is introduced in a relatively simple manner using the scalar acoustic wave equation. In the chapters on elastic wave field extrapolation the formulation, whenever possible, is analogous to that used in the chapters on acoustic wave field extrapolation. The text is illustrated throughout and a bibliography and keyword index are provided.

  • Rare-Earth Permanent Magnets

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 8
    • I.R. Harris
    • English
    These papers provide an interesting collection of contributions on fundamental magnetic behaviour, microstructural studies, processing methods and applications of rare earth, iron-rich, high performance permanent magnets. The remarkably versatile nature of the Nd-Fe-B-type alloys with respect to magnet processing is very evident in these proceedings. Thus there are papers which describe the production of magnets by the die-upset-forging of melt-spun ribbon, by cold-compaction of melt-spun-ribbon with soft metals, by mechanical alloying and by hot working of cast material. Work is also reported on the production of new permanent magnets from melt-spun material based on the alloys Nd4Fe78B18 and SmFe11.5Ti1.04. Both these alloys look promising and the former appears to be close to commercial exploitation.

  • Energetic Materials

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 69
    • John R. Sabin
    • English
    Advances in Quantum Chemistry presents surveys of current topics in this rapidly developing field that has emerged at the cross section of the historically established areas of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology. It features detailed reviews written by leading international researchers. This volume focuses on the theory of heavy ion physics in medicine.

  • Semiconducting Silicon Nanowires for Biomedical Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Jeffery L. Coffer
    • English
    Biomedical applications have benefited greatly from the increasing interest and research into semiconducting silicon nanowires. Semiconducting Silicon Nanowires for Biomedical Applications reviews the fabrication, properties, and applications of this emerging material. The book begins by reviewing the basics, as well as the growth, characterization, biocompatibility, and surface modification, of semiconducting silicon nanowires. It goes on to focus on silicon nanowires for tissue engineering and delivery applications, including cellular binding and internalization, orthopedic tissue scaffolds, mediated differentiation of stem cells, and silicon nanoneedles for drug delivery. Finally, it highlights the use of silicon nanowires for detection and sensing. These chapters explore the fabrication and use of semiconducting silicon nanowire arrays for high-throughput screening in the biosciences, neural cell pinning on surfaces, and probe-free platforms for biosensing. Semiconducting Silicon Nanowires for Biomedical Applications is a comprehensive resource for biomaterials scientists who are focused on biosensors, drug delivery, and tissue engineering, and researchers and developers in industry and academia who are concerned with nanoscale biomaterials, in particular electronically-respo... biomaterials.

  • Health and Environmental Safety of Nanomaterials

    Polymer Nancomposites and Other Materials Containing Nanoparticles
    • 1st Edition
    • James Njuguna + 2 more
    • English
    Health and Environmental Safety of Nanomaterials addresses concerns about the impact of nanomaterials on the environment and human health, and examines the safety of specific nanomaterials. Understanding the unique chemical and physical properties of nanostructures has led to many developments in the applications of nanocomposite materials. While these materials have applications in a huge range of areas, their potential for toxicity must be thoroughly understood. Part one introduces the properties of nanomaterials, nanofillers, and nanocomposites, and questions whether they are more toxic than their bulk counterparts. Part two looks at the release and exposure of nanomaterials. The text covers sampling techniques and data analysis methods used to assess nanoparticle exposure, as well as protocols for testing the safety of polymer nanocomposites. It explains characterization techniques of airborne nanoparticles and life cycle assessment of engineered nanomaterials. Part three focuses on the safety of certain nanomaterials, including nanolayered silicates, carbon nanotubes, and metal oxides. In particular, it explores the potential ecotoxicological hazards associated with the different structures of carbon nanotubes and the safe recycling of inorganic and carbon nanoparticles. The final two chapters address the risks of nanomaterials in fire conditions: their thermal degradation, flammability, and toxicity in different fire scenarios. This is a scientific guide with technical background for professionals using nanomaterials in industry, scientists, academicians, research scholars, and polymer engineers. It also offers a deep understanding of the subject for undergraduate and postgraduate students.

  • Governing Nano Foods: Principles-Based Responsive Regulation

    EFFoST Critical Reviews #3
    • 1st Edition
    • Bernd van der Meulen + 5 more
    • English
    Food which nanotechnology has impacted or to which nanotechnology is applied is referred to as nanofood. From treatment of the soil in which a crop plant is grown to the caring of a food, nanotechnology is a growing factor in the food supply. At this point, however, there is no definitive, effective global method for regulating the use of nanotechnology as it relates to the food suply. Legislation on nanotechnologies is still evolving, as is understanding what data is needed for effective, efficient and appropriate risk assessment associated with nanotechnology impacted foods. Due to the emerging nature of nanotechnology and its role in the food supply, case-by-case studies are the current norm, but the need for wide-scale testing and broad-based regulatory standards is urgent. This project is based on an EFFoST study designed to provide a comparative study of nanofood regulations in order to guide regulation development in this rapidly expanding market.

  • Animal Cell Culture Methods

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 57
    • English
    This volume provides complete and thorough coverage of the classical and state-of-the-art methods used in cell culture. It also includes basic principles used in the selection of cells for specific scientific study, as well as analytical and procedural techniques.

  • Nanostructured Semiconductor Oxides for the Next Generation of Electronics and Functional Devices

    Properties and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Serge Zhuiykov
    • English
    Nanostructured Semiconductor Oxides for the Next Generation of Electronics and Functional Devices focuses on the development of semiconductor nanocrystals, their technologies and applications, including energy harvesting, solar cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and chemical sensors. Semiconductor oxides are used in electronics, optics, catalysts, sensors, and other functional devices. In their 2D form, the reduction in size confers exceptional properties, useful for creating faster electronics and more efficient catalysts. After explaining the physics affecting the conductivity and electron arrangement of nanostructured semiconductors, the book addresses the structural and chemical modification of semiconductor nanocrystals during material growth. It then covers their use in nanoscale functional devices, particularly in electronic devices and carbon nanotubes. It explores the impact of 2D nanocrystals, such as graphene, chalcogenides, and oxide nanostructures, on research and technology, leading to a discussion of incorporating graphene and semiconductor nanostructures into composites for use in energy storage. The final three chapters focus on the applications of these functional materials in photovoltaic cells, solid oxide fuel cells, and in environmental sensors including pH, dissolved oxygen, dissolved organic carbon, and dissolved metal ion sensors. Nanostructured Semiconductor Oxides for the Next Generation of Electronics and Functional Devices is a crucial resource for scientists, applied researchers, and production engineers working in the fabrication, design, testing, characterization, and analysis of new semiconductor materials. This book is a valuable reference for those working in the analysis and characterization of new nanomaterials, and for those who develop technologies for practical devices fabrication.

  • Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging: Inside Out

    • 2nd Edition
    • Thomas L. Szabo
    • English
    Diagnostic Ultrasound Imaging provides a unified description of the physical principles of ultrasound imaging, signal processing, systems and measurements. This comprehensive reference is a core resource for both graduate students and engineers in medical ultrasound research and design. With continuing rapid technological development of ultrasound in medical diagnosis, it is a critical subject for biomedical engineers, clinical and healthcare engineers and practitioners, medical physicists, and related professionals in the fields of signal and image processing. The book contains 17 new and updated chapters covering the fundamentals and latest advances in the area, and includes four appendices, 450 figures (60 available in color on the companion website), and almost 1,500 references. In addition to the continual influx of readers entering the field of ultrasound worldwide who need the broad grounding in the core technologies of ultrasound, this book provides those already working in these areas with clear and comprehensive expositions of these key new topics as well as introductions to state-of-the-art innovations in this field.

  • Nanostructured Polymer Blends

    • 1st Edition
    • Sabu Thomas + 2 more
    • English
    Over 30% of commercial polymers are blends or alloys or one kind or another. Nanostructured blends offer the scientist or plastics engineer a new range of possibilities with characteristics including thermodynamic stablility; the potential to improve material transparency, creep and solvent resistance; the potential to simultaneously increase tensile strength and ductility; superior rheological properties; and relatively low cost. Nanostructured Polymer Blends opens up immense structural possibilities via chemical and mechanical modifications that generate novel properties and functions and high-performance characteristics at a low cost. The emerging applications of these new materials cover a wide range of industry sectors, encompassing the coatings and adhesives industry, electronics, energy (photovoltaics), aerospace and medical devices (where polymer blends provide innovations in biocompatible materials). This book explains the science of nanostructure formation and the nature of interphase formations, demystifies the design of nanostructured blends to achieve specific properties, and introduces the applications for this important new class of nanomaterial. All the key topics related to recent advances in blends are covered: IPNs, phase morphologies, composites and nanocomposites, nanostructure formation, the chemistry and structure of additives, etc.

  • Single-Photon Generation and Detection

    Physics and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 45
    • English
    Single-photon generation and detection is at the forefront of modern optical physics research. This book is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the current status of single-photon techniques and research methods in the spectral region from the visible to the infrared. The use of single photons, produced on demand with well-defined quantum properties, offers an unprecedented set of capabilities that are central to the new area of quantum information and are of revolutionary importance in areas that range from the traditional, such as high sensitivity detection for astronomy, remote sensing, and medical diagnostics, to the exotic, such as secretive surveillance and very long communication links for data transmission on interplanetary missions. The goal of this volume is to provide researchers with a comprehensive overview of the technology and techniques that are available to enable them to better design an experimental plan for its intended purpose. The book will be broken into chapters focused specifically on the development and capabilities of the available detectors and sources to allow a comparative understanding to be developed by the reader along with and idea of how the field is progressing and what can be expected in the near future. Along with this technology, we will include chapters devoted to the applications of this technology, which is in fact much of the driver for its development. This is set to become the go-to reference for this field.

  • Neutron Scattering

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 44
    • English
    This work covers in some detail the application of neutron scattering to different fields of physics, materials science, chemistry, biology, the earth sciences and engineering. Its goal is to enable researchers in a particular area to identify aspects of their work in which neutron scattering techniques might contribute, conceive the important experiments to be done, assess what is required to carry them out, write a successful proposal for one of the major user facilities, and perform the experiments under the guidance of the appropriate instrument scientist. The authors of the various chapters take account of the advances in experimental techniques over the past 25 years--for example, neutron reflectivity and spin-echo spectroscopy and techniques for probing the dynamics of complex materials and biological systems. Furthermore, with the third-generation spallation sources recently constructed in the United States and Japan and in the advanced planning stage in Europe, there is an increasing interest in time-of-flight techniques and short wavelengths. Correspondingly, the improved performance of cold moderators at both reactors and spallation sources has extended the long-wavelength capabilities.

  • Proceedings of MEST 2012: Exponential Type Orbitals for Molecular Electronic Structure Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 67
    • English
    Advances in Quantum Chemistry presents surveys of current topics in this rapidly developing field that has emerged at the cross section of the historically established areas of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology. It features detailed reviews written by leading international researchers. This volume focuses on the theory of heavy ion physics in medicine.

  • Topological Insulators

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • English
    Topological Insulators, volume six in the Contemporary Concepts of Condensed Matter Series, describes the recent revolution in condensed matter physics that occurred in our understanding of crystalline solids. The book chronicles the work done worldwide that led to these discoveries and provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of the field. Starting in 2004, theorists began to explore the effect of topology on the physics of band insulators, a field previously considered well understood. However, the inclusion of topology brings key new elements into this old field. Whereas it was thought that all band insulators are essentially equivalent, the new theory predicts two distinct classes of band insulators in two spatial dimensions and 16 classes in three dimensions. These "topological" insulators exhibit a host of unusual physical properties, including topologically protected gapless surface states and exotic electromagnetic response, previously thought impossible in such systems. Within a short time, this new state of quantum matter, topological insulators, has been discovered experimentally both in 2D thin film structures and in 3D crystals and alloys. It appears that topological insulators are quite common in nature, and there are dozens of confirmed substances that exhibit this behavior. Theoretical and experimental studies of these materials are ongoing with the goal of attaining the fundamental understanding and exploiting them in future practical applications.

  • Advances in Applied Mechanics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 46
    • English
    Advances in Applied Mechanics draws together recent significant advances in various topics in applied mechanics. Published since 1948, Advances in Applied Mechanics aims to provide authoritative review articles on topics in the mechanical sciences, primarily of interest to scientists and engineers working in the various branches of mechanics, but also of interest to the many who use the results of investigations in mechanics in various application areas, such as aerospace, chemical, civil, environmental, mechanical and nuclear engineering.

  • Ideas of Quantum Chemistry

    • 2nd Edition
    • Lucjan Piela
    • English
    Ideas of Quantum Chemistry shows how quantum mechanics is applied to chemistry to give it a theoretical foundation. From the Schroedinger equation to electronic and nuclear motion to intermolecular interactions, this book covers the primary quantum underpinnings of chemical systems. The structure of the book (a TREE-form) emphasizes the logical relationships among various topics, facts and methods. It shows the reader which parts of the text are needed for understanding specific aspects of the subject matter. Interspersed throughout the text are short biographies of key scientists and their contributions to the development of the field. Ideas of Quantum Chemistry has both textbook and reference work aspects. Like a textbook, the material is organized into digestible sections with each chapter following the same structure. It answers frequently asked questions and highlights the most important conclusions and the essential mathematical formulae in the text. In its reference aspects, it has a broader range than traditional quantum chemistry books and reviews virtually all of the pertinent literature. It is useful both for beginners as well as specialists in advanced topics of quantum chemistry. An appendix on the Internet supplements this book.

  • Solid Propellant Rocket Research

    • 1st Edition
    • Martin Summerfield
    • English

  • Solid State Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Gerald Burns
    • English
    Solid State Physics, International Edition covers the fundamentals and the advanced concepts of solid state physics. The book is comprised of 18 chapters that tackle a specific aspect of solid state physics. Chapters 1 to 3 discuss the symmetry aspects of crystalline solids, while Chapter 4 covers the application of X-rays in solid state science. Chapter 5 deals with the anisotropic character of crystals. Chapters 6 to 8 talk about the five common types of bonding in solids, while Chapters 9 and 10 cover the free electron theory and band theory. Chapters 11 and 12 discuss the effects of movement of atoms, and Chapter 13 talks about the optical properties of crystals. Chapters 14 to 18 cover the other relevant areas of solid state physics, such as ferroelectricity, magnetism, surface science, and artificial structure. The book will be of great use both to novice and experienced researchers in the field of solid state physics.

  • Introduction to the Physics of Fluids and Solids

    • 1st Edition
    • J. S. Trefil
    • English
    Introduction to the Physics of Fluids and Solids presents a way to learn continuum mechanics without mastering any other systems. It discusses an introduction to the principles of fluid mechanics. Another focus of study is the fluids in astrophysics. Some of the topics covered in the book are the rotation of the galaxy, the concept of stability, the fluids in motion, and the waves in fluids, the theory of the tides, the vibrations of the earth, and nuclear fission. The viscosity in fluids is covered. The flow of viscous fluids is discussed. The text identifies the general circulation of the atmosphere. An analysis of the general properties of solids is presented. A chapter of the volume is devoted to the applications of seismology. Another section of the book focuses on the flow of the blood and the urinary drop spectrometer. The book will provide useful information to doctors, physicists, engineers, students and researchers.

  • Microbodies and Related Particles

    Morphology, Biochemistry, and Physiology
    • 1st Edition
    • Z. Hruban + 1 more
    • G. H. Bourne + 1 more
    • English
    Microbodies and Related Particles: Morphology, Biochemistry, and Physiology focuses on the reactions, properties, transformations, and technologies involved in microbodies and related particles. The book first offers information on cytoplasmic particles limited by a single membrane and microbodies of various animal species. Topics include multivesicular and heterogeneous dense bodies, rodents, lower vertebrates, birds, monotremes, marsupials, insectivores, primates, and carnivores. The text also underscores the marginal plate and crystalloid, including structure of the marginal plate, structures resembling the marginal plate, finely polytubular type, and crystalloids of other tissues. The publication takes a look at the distribution of microbodies and topographical relationship of microbodies to cellular organelles, as well as hepatic lobule and renal cortex and intracellular distribution. The text also examines the microbodies of fetal and newborn animals, formation of microbodies, and effect of tissue preparation on microbodies. The book is a valuable source of data for readers interested in microbodies and related particles.

  • Surface Modification by Solid State Processing

    • 1st Edition
    • Rosa M. Miranda + 4 more
    • English
    Surface Modification by Solid State Processing describes friction-based surfacing techniques for surface modification to improve resistance to corrosion and wear, also changing surface chemistry. Surface conditions are increasingly demanding in industrial applications and surface modification can reduce manufacturing and maintenance costs, leading to improved component performance, reliability and lifetime. Friction-based technologies are promising solid state processing technologies, particularly for light alloys, in the manufacturing of composite surface and functionally graded materials This title is divided into five chapters, and after an introduction the book covers friction surfacing; friction stir processing; surface reinforcements of light alloys; and characterization techniques based on eddy currents.

  • Thermal Stresses and Temperature Control of Mass Concrete

    • 1st Edition
    • Zhu Bofang
    • English
    Methods of controlling mass concrete temperatures range from relatively simple to complex and from inexpensive too costly. Depending on a particular situation, it may be advantageous to use one or more methods over others. Based on the author’s 50 years of personal experience in designing mass concrete structures, Thermal Stresses and Temperature Control of Mass Concrete provides a clear and rigorous guide to selecting the right techniques to meet project-specific and financial needs. New techniques such as long time superficial thermal insulation, comprehensive temperature control, and MgO self-expansive concrete are introduced.

  • Recent Advances in Magnetic Insulators - From Spintronics to Microwave Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 64
    • English
    This volume of Solid State Physics provides a broad review on recent advances in the field of magnetic insulators, ranging from new spin effects to thin film growth and high-frequency applications. It covers both theoretical and experimental progress. The topics include the use of magnetic insulators to produce and transfer spin currents, the excitation of spin waves in magnetic insulators by spin transfer torque, interplay between the spin and heat transports in magnetic insulator/normal metal heterostructures, nonlinear spin waves in thin films, development of high-quality nanometer thick films, and applications of magnetic insulators in rf, microwave, and terahertz devices, among others. The volume not only presents introductions and tutorials for those just entering the field, but also provides comprehensive yet timely summaries to specialists in the field. Solid-state physics is the branch of physics primarily devoted to the study of matter in its solid phase, especially at the atomic level. This prestigious series presents timely and state-of-the-art reviews pertaining to all aspects of solid-state physics.

  • Mining Geophysics

    • 2nd Edition
    • D Parasnis
    • English
    Mining Geophysics, Second Revised and Up-dated Edition serves as an introduction to the methods of ore mining and prospecting in the perspective of geophysics. The book explains the role of geophysics in ore prospecting; the collection and presentation of related data; and the location of ores through different methods such as the self-potential method, electromagnetic methods, induced polarized methods, seismic, and radioactive methods. The book also details the concepts and procedures behind said methods. The monograph is recommended for those in the mining industry who would like to know more about the methods of locating ores, as well as for geologists and geophysicists who aim to understand more and make studies about this phenomenon.

  • Silicon Integrated Circuits

    Advances in Materials and Device Research
    • 1st Edition
    • Dawon Kahng
    • English
    Silicon Integrated Circuits, Part B covers the special considerations needed to achieve high-power Si-integrated circuits. The book presents articles about the most important operations needed for the high-power circuitry, namely impurity diffusion and oxidation; crystal defects under thermal equilibrium in silicon and the development of high-power device physics; and associated technology. The text also describes the ever-evolving processing technology and the most promising approaches, along with the understanding of processing-related areas of physics and chemistry. Physicists, chemists, and engineers involved in silicon integrated circuits will find the book invaluable.

  • International Conference on Infrared Physics (CIRP)

    Proceedings of a Conference Held in Zurich, 11–15 August 1975
    • 1st Edition
    • T.S. Moss
    • English
    International Conference on Infrared Physics (CIRP) is a collection of papers from the proceedings of a conference held in Zurich on August 11-15, 1975. The book reviews the study of thermal radiation with emphasis on the spectral energy density of small blackbody cavities. The text also deals with the concept of density of states of quantum-size effects in statistical mechanics of finite non-interacting systems. One paper discusses the interaction of radiation with matter, while another presentation reviews the theory of cavity radiation based on multiple reflections within the cavity. The book then presents developments in infrared detectors, particularly the performance of photon and thermal detectors in the heterodyne mode. One paper examines the materials that can be used for making filters in the far infrared region using a Michelson interferometer to determine the region of spectra and a germanium bolometer as the detector. The book then cites an example where a high resolution Michelson interferometer is used on a NASA C141 infrared airborne telescope where scientists study the far infrared emission lines from the HII regions. The collection will prove useful to nuclear physicists and scientists, academicians, and researchers whose works are concerned with infrared physics and engineering.

  • Isobaric Nuclei with the Mass Number A=74

    International Series of Monographs on Nuclear Energy
    • 1st Edition
    • B. S. Dzhelepov
    • J. V. Dunworth
    • English
    The Pharmacology of Synapses details the advancements in the understanding of synaptic pharmacology. The book examines the development in various areas of synaptic pharmacology research. The text first covers the basic concepts of synaptic pharmacology, and then proceeds to tackling the metabolism of acetylcholine. Next, the selection deals with monoamine in the central nervous system, and neuromuscular transmission in vertebrates. The text also discusses the pharmacology of autonomic ganglia. Chapters 7 and 8 detail the pharmacological studies on neurons in the brain and spinal cord. The ninth chapter deals with the neuromuscular transmission in invertebrates, while the 10th chapter deals with drugs, transmission, and molluskan neurons. The book will be of great use to researchers and practitioners of pharmacology, neurology, biological psychology, and psychiatry.

  • High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • J. W. Emsley + 2 more
    • English
    High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Volume 2 provides a comprehensive coverage of the theories and methods for analysis of high resolution spectra. The title also presents a discourse on other variables that affect the spectra. The text first details the correlations of 1H resonance spectral parameters with molecular structure, and then proceeds to tackling the 19F nuclear magnetic resonance studies. Next, the selection deals with the NMR spectra of nuclei other than hydrogen fluoride. The text also provides data sets, such as nuclear properties, T-values, and chemical shifts. The book will be of great use to scientists who utilize nuclear magnetic resonance in their work.

  • Early Electrodynamics

    The First Law of Circulation
    • 1st Edition
    • R. A. R. Tricker
    • D. ter Haar
    • English
    Early Electrodynamics: The First Law of Circulation accounts the development of electrodynamics. The title details the achievements of electrodynamics in its early days. The coverage of the text includes the various personalities that contributed in the development of electrodynamics. Next, the selection also reviews the materials that helped set up the rules according to which the forces which one circuit carrying an electric current exerts upon another nearby, may be calculated. The fourth chapter discusses the criticism on electrodynamics. The text also examines the criticism on electrodynamics when it initially introduced. The book will be of great interest to engineers and scientists who are dealing with electrical theory.

  • Electronic Methods

    Methods of Experimental Physics
    • 2nd Edition
    • E. Bleuler + 1 more
    • English
    Methods of Experimental Physics, Volume 2 – Part A: Electronic Methods, Second Edition focuses on techniques and experimental methods involving vacuum-tube and solid-state electronic devices and vacuum-tube circuitry. This volume consists of eight main topics—passive linear circuit elements and networks, semiconductor circuit elements, vacuum tubes, gas tubes, rectifier circuits and power supplies, amplifiers, oscillators, and nonlinear circuits. In these topics, this book specifically discusses the relations between time and frequency response; devices employing bulk semiconductor properties; Richardson-Dushman equation; and gas tube phenomena. The full-wave rectifiers with capacitive load; vacuum tube and field-effect transistor bias circuits; and harmonic oscillators are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the oscillators that use negative resistance devices; field-effect transistors; and analog-to-digital (A/D) converters. This publication is a good source for physicists and students interested in techniques and methods involving electronic equipment.

  • Calculated Electronic Properties of Metals

    • 1st Edition
    • V. L. Moruzzi + 2 more
    • English
    Calculated Electronic Properties of Metals covers the significant advances in understanding of condensed systems containing many atoms. This book is divided into five chapters that specifically present electronic property calculations based on three fundamental approximations, namely, the local density treatment of electronic exchange and correlation, the "muffin-tin" approximation, and the neglect of relativistic effects. These approximations limit the range of systems for which these calculations can be expected to be accurate to metals comprised of atoms possessing fewer that approximately 50 protons. A chapter focuses on the calculation of electron and state densities of numerous metals. The concluding chapter describes the results of spin-polarized energy-band calculations for iron, cobalt, and nickel. This book will prove useful to chemists, researchers, and students.

  • Rotational Spectra and Molecular Structure

    Physical Chemistry: A Series of Monographs
    • 1st Edition
    • James E. Wollrab
    • Ernest M. Loebl
    • English
    Physical Chemistry, A Series of Monographs: Rotational Spectra and Molecular Structure covers the energy levels and rotational transitions. This book is divided into nine chapters that evaluate the rigid asymmetric top molecules and the nuclear spin statistics for asymmetric tops. Some of the topics covered in the book are the asymmetric rotor functions; rotational transition intensities; classes of molecules; nuclear spin statistics for linear molecules and symmetric tops; and classical appearance of centrifugal and coriolis forces. Other chapters deal with the energy levels and effects of centrifugal distortion, as well as the internuclear distance and moments of inertia. The discussion then shifts to the coriolis coupling effects on rotational constants and the perturbation treatment of vibration-rotational Hamiltonian. The last chapter is devoted to the examination of origin of the quadrupole interaction. The book can provide useful information to chemists, physicists, electrical engineers, students, and researchers.

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