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Elsevier

Books in Arts and humanities

Elsevier's Arts and Humanities titles encompass a rich spectrum of scholarship that explores human culture, history, philosophy, and creative expression. These works offer deep insights into language, literature, visual arts, and critical theory, supporting the academic community in understanding diverse perspectives and cultural legacies. Designed for scholars, educators, and students, this collection bridges classic studies with contemporary issues, fostering a deeper appreciation and knowledge of the human experience.

  • Evaluating the Welfare State

    Social and Political Perspectives
    • 1st Edition
    • Shimon E. Spiro + 1 more
    • English
    Evaluating the Welfare State: Social and Political Perspectives together with its companion Social Policy Evaluation: An Economic Perspective is the outgrowth of an international and interdisciplinary conference on policy evaluation held at Tel Aviv University in December 1980. The conference brought together scholars from the fields of economics, sociology, political science, social work, and administration. The papers presented at this conference approached the welfare state and social policy evaluation from a number of different theoretical and methodological perspectives. A selection of these papers has been included in this volume. The book is divided into five parts. Part I is devoted to the political antecedents and consequences of the welfare state and to the social and psychological processes that affect the development of social policies and reactions to them. Part II analyzes the discontinuity between policies that are the subject of public debate, and the programs that affect the well-being of populations and the distribution of resources. The chapters in Parts III and IV present current developments in the practice of evaluation and explore the frontiers of this field. Part V focuses on the relationship of evaluation to policymaking. This involves examinations of the culture of political debates, the nature of choices facing policymakers, and the impact of research on policy.

  • Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes

    Measures of Social Psychological Attitudes
    • 1st Edition
    • John P. Robinson + 2 more
    • English
    Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes: Volume 1 in Measures of Social Psychological Attitudes Series provides a comprehensive guide to the most promising and useful measures of important social science concepts. This book is divided into 12 chapters and begins with a description of the Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes Project's background and the major criteria for scale construction. The subsequent chapters review measures of "response set"; the scales dealing with the most general affective states, including life satisfaction and happiness; and the measured of self-esteem. These topics are followed by discussions of measures of social anxiety, which is conceived a major inhibitor of social interaction, as well as the negative states of depression and loneliness. Other chapters examine the separate dimensions of alienation, the predictive value of interpersonal trust and attitudes in studies of occupational choice and racial attitude change, and the attitude scales related to locus of control. The final chapters look into the measures related to authoritarianism, androgyny, and values. This book is of great value to social and political scientists, psychologists, nurses, social workers, non-academic professionals, and students.

  • Human Motivation

    Commentary on Goal-Directed Action
    • 1st Edition
    • Nathan Brody
    • English
    Human Motivation: Commentary on Goal-Directed Action deals with human motivation, illustrating a simplistic model of a goal-directed action sequence derived from the usual layman's conception of a goal-directed action. This book consists of five chapters. After an introduction provided in Chapter 1, Chapter 2 considers the Hullian tradition in motivation, emphasizing that there is a body of evidence that requires an analysis of motivational phenomena in nonpurposive terms. The theories growing out of research on achievement motivation is examined in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 covers the theory of affective dynamics and applications of certain economic principles to human behavior, including theoretical developments to the theory of action presented in the preceding chapter. Chapter five discusses complexities in the commonsense view of action tendencies, such as the usual assumption that individuals are aware of the reasons for their actions and goals toward which their actions are directed is challenged. This publication is a good reference for students and researchers conducting work on the study of human motivation.

  • The Limits of Government Regulation

    • 1st Edition
    • James F. Gatti
    • English
    market forces

  • The Ecology of Social Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • C. N. Slobodchikoff
    • English
    The Ecology of Social Behavior explores the relationships between ecology and the origins and maintenance of social behavior. The chapters in this book suggest that a consideration of ecological factors is necessary to any paradigm that tries to explain the origins and maintenance of social behavior. Most also suggest that there are some trade-offs between ecology, genetics, and phylogeny in the development and persistence of specific social systems. The book is organized into five parts. Part I provides an overview of the main themes covered in the present volume. Part II contains papers on ecological interactions, including variation in group sizes of forest primates, group foraging, and the origin of monogamy in mammals and fishes. Part III examines the ecology of social mammals. These include the ecological conditions for philopatry and the relationship of habitat variability to sociality in yellow-bellied marmots. Part IV focuses on the ecology of social birds while Part V deals with the ecology of social arthropods.

  • Perspectives on Social Network Research

    • 1st Edition
    • Paul W. Holland + 1 more
    • English
    Perspectives on Social Network Research covers the proceedings of the Mathematical Social Science Board's Advanced Research Symposium on Social Networks held at Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire, on September 18-21, 1975. This symposium was organized to survey research on social networks as well as review and criticize major research thrusts involving network studies of social behavior. The book covers topics such as the Davis/Holland/Leinha... studies, structural sociometry, network analysis of the diffusion of innovations, and the deterministic models of social networks. Also covered are topics such as structural control models for group processes, social clusters and opinion clusters, equilibrating processes in social networks, and estimation of population totals by use of snowball samples. The text is recommended for sociologists, anthropologists, and psychologists, especially those who would like to know more about social network and are currently engaged in research in that particular field.

  • Les Relations entre l'Europe occidentale et les États-Unis d' Amérique

    Université des Sciences Juridiques, Politiques, Sociales et de Technologie de Strasbourg sous le Haut Patronage du Conseil de l'Europe
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English

  • EEG and Evoked Potentials in Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurology

    • 1st Edition
    • John R. Hughes + 1 more
    • English
    EEG and Evoked Potentials in Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurology discusses the two techniques of examining brain function: electroencephalograp... (EEG) and evoked potentials. The book also addresses conditions that fall under the umbrella term ""behavioral sciences"" and are associated with psychiatry and neurology. The book begins by discussing current definitions of organic brain syndrome in order to delineate more clearly the processes whose EEG correlates are to be described. It then outlines the various EEG correlates of impaired central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction for a variety of specific organic etiologies. Separate chapters cover EEG studies of schizophrenia, affective disorders, alcoholism, mental retardation, childhood psychiatric disorders, and changes in CNS function caused by psychtropic drugs. The various aspects of EEG pertinent to electroconvulsive therapy are also discussed, including the role of a baseline EEG, beneficial and adverse changes, neurophysiologic mechanisms, and the nature of the seizures themselves. This book is intended for the neurologist dealing actively with psychiatric or mental disorders; the electroencephalograp... who is generally concerned with behavioral neurology or especially interested in various controversial EEG patterns; and the psychiatrist interested in organicity in general or EEG in particular.

  • Social Insect Populations

    • 1st Edition
    • M. V. Brian
    • English
    Social Insect Populations focuses on observations on the populations of social insects, including egg production, nesting characteristics, and food collection. The book first underscores the evolution of social life and organization and control of social insect populations. The text also ponders on the numbers and density of social insect populations, as well as methods of estimation, numbers in colonies, and density and biomass. Egg production, stationary populations, nest size, productivity, and survival are discussed. The manuscript discusses reproduction and brood periodicity of social insect populations. Discussions focus on reproduction by single and group of queens and reciprocity among bees, wasps, and ants. The text also examines nest sites and shelters, mating structures, and food collection of social insects. Discussions focus on food supply, intergeneric competition, predators and parasites, and population regulation among bees, wasps, termites, and ants. The book is a dependable reference for readers interested in the study of social insect populations.

  • Selected Readings in Quantitative Urban Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Samuel J. Bernstein + 1 more
    • English
    Selected Readings in Quantitative Urban Analysis focuses on the use of quantitative approaches in addressing urban problems. The areas discussed are overall urban models; urban models dealing with the basic economic factors of urban life (workers and jobs, housing, and transportation); urban models dealing with the provision of basic services (education, health care, fire, police, water, and sanitation); urban models dealing with the provision of the luxuries of urban life (theater, ballet, symphony); urban models dealing with how the decisions to provide these factors are made (policy formulation and the resolution of conflicting priorities). This book is comprised of 11 chapters and begins with an outline of the major areas of urban life, analyzed in a quantitative manner. Urban modeling is then introduced, and problems and pitfalls in urban model building are considered. The next section looks at the economic base of urban life, with emphasis on labor markets and labor force; urban housing markets and housing policy; and policy and policy models in transportation. Subsequent chapters explore essential urban services, including public education, community health services, fire protection, sanitation, and emergency medical services. The remaining sections discuss the amenities of urban life and urban politics and policy. This monograph should be useful to urban administrators and planners as well as students interested in urban problems.

  • Private Enterprise in Developing Countries

    • 1st Edition
    • W. M. Clarke
    • R Brown + 2 more
    • English
    Private Enterprise in Developing Countries is a five-chapter text that describes the contribution of private investment in the less-developed countries. The opening chapter tracks down the flow of help to less development countries and the struggles in encouraging private enterprise to invest in the poorer countries. The next chapter scrutinizes the significant changes in private investments in less-developed countries, followed by a discussion on the distinction between the prime purpose of private enterprise and the result of their activities, focusing on the concept of the so-called development “fall-out”. These topics are followed by surveys of the basis of fear of private investors in investing business in underdeveloped countries through examining the experience of Malaysia and the sterling parts of Africa. The final chapter considers some business issues, including the development of a system to safeguard the handling of information for the study of overseas investment climate and the role being played by indigenous development corporations.

  • Human Settlements

    National Reports: Summaries and Reference Guide
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    Human Settlements is a collection of government reports presented at HABITAT: United Nations Conference on Human Settlements held in Vancouver, Canada from May 31 to June 11, 1976. The reports describe human settlement issues of greatest concern to each government and consider solutions that may be successful. These issues include the threatening growth of the world's population, the grain to feed them, and the safe water to restore their health, as well as work to end unemployment and the gaps in income. This book is comprised of seven chapters and begins with an assessment of the policy framework within which nations approach human settlement decisions. Aspirations for the improvement of the quality of human life are discussed, along with objectives and goals to be attained through planning. The following chapters explore the experiences and promise of planning for human settlements in regional, metropolitan, and rural areas; the practical technological and policy problems in satisfying basic human requirements within settlements, with emphasis on shelter, infrastructure, and social services; the importance of land in human settlements; and the roles of public participation within the planning process for human settlements. The last chapter summarizes the possibilities and problems of solving human settlement problems through international cooperation and discusses various mechanisms which may be useful to the international community. This monograph will be a valuable resource for social scientists, social policymakers, human settlement planners, public officials, and citizens who are committed to the improvement of living conditions for all members of society.

  • Age, Time, and Fertility

    Applications of Exploratory Data Analysis
    • 1st Edition
    • Mary B. Breckenridge
    • English
    Age, Time, and Fertility: Applications of Exploratory Data Analysis describes change in the age pattern of fertility that responds to a specific need in making fertility comparisons across time and place. This book discusses a modeling process based on Tukey's exploratory data analysis (EDA) methods, which is proved very effective in other fields for detecting underlying patterns, even in flawed data. The first part of this text provides an introduction to the philosophy and tools of EDA and to the data analyzed, examining in detail the process of developing and standardizing the closely fitting, few-parameter descriptions of demographic change in time sequence. The rest of the chapters examine the results and applications of fertility modeling and establish relations between change in the age pattern of fertility and level of fertility. This publication is intended for those interested in the measures and methods of fertility change that can be applied to demographic data.

  • Readings in Urban Sociology

    Readings in Sociology
    • 1st Edition
    • R. E. Pahl
    • English
    Readings in Urban Sociology covers the specialized aspect of sociology, together with an introduction designed to relate the selected Readings to the state of sociological knowledge and research in the field in question. This book is organized into four parts encompassing 12 chapters, and begins with an overview of the study of urbanization and urban sociology. The opening part describes the nature of industrial urbanism in Great Britain. This part deals with the development of British urban sociology and the idea of neighborhood community. The next part examines the distinction between ways of life in the modern city and the modern suburb. This part also looks into the context of urbanization involving population dispersal and diffusion. The closing parts provide an analysis of the urban system in terms of a conflict model and demonstrate the development of Prague's ecological structure. These parts also discuss the notion of a rural-urban continuum and the process of adjustment to an urban system in Africa. This book will prove useful to sociologists and researchers.

  • The Social Self

    Pergamon General Psychology Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert C. Ziller
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    The Social Self is a multifaceted analysis of the self concept based on the social nature of the self. The emphasis is on self-esteem along with self-centrality, self-complexity, social interest, identification, power, marginality, openness, and majority identification. The book relies on an approach based upon non-verbal measures of the self concept and in which the individual is asked to locate himself in relation to a field of significant others, represented in a variety of geometric arrangements using symbols of the self and others. Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with a description of some of the basic components of the self system including self-esteem, social interest, and marginality. The discussion moves toward more complex analyses including the alienation syndrome and the political personality involving two or more of the components of the social self. The next section focuses on the development of the self concept and examines such variables as socioeconomic background and the history of geographic mobility of the child. A theory of self-other orientation is also considered, along with a helical theory of personal change. This monograph is intended for students of social psychology, personality, sociology, and education who are interested in the self concept, its measurement, and theoretical considerations.

  • Evaluation in the Planning Process

    The Urban and Regional Planning Series, Volume 10
    • 1st Edition
    • Nathaniel Lichfield + 2 more
    • English
    Evaluation in the Planning Process investigates how plan evaluation is integrated within the decision-making process in urban and regional planning in the United Kingdom. It also offers effective ways of formulating objectives and designing alternative proposals within the processes of decision-making in planning. Part I discusses the principles of evaluation and its role in the planning process. Part II examines recent UK studies in the use of evaluation in urban and regional planning problems. Part III summarizes the main findings and offers recommendations on how plan evaluation should be carried out in future plan-making processes. This book is helpful for those who are involved in decision-making processes on urban and regional planning problems.

  • Physiotherapy a Psychosocial Approach

    • 1st Edition
    • Sally French
    • English
    Physiotherapy: A Psychosocial Approach provides a variety of topics in the fields of sociology and psychology. This book examines the changing role of physiotherapists as their work shifts from hospital to community settings and as more work with patients and clients who have learning difficulties or are mentally ill. Organized into 28 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the concepts of complex social prevention in place of medical prevention. This text then the social disadvantages and stress that women experience in terms of low status, low paid employment and their additional responsibilities of childcare and housework, which may also help to explain their high incidence of mental illness. Other chapters consider the marked regional variations in the incidence of disease. The final chapter deals with the sociological and psychological issues of disabled people. This book is a valuable resource for physiotherapy students, sociologists, social psychologists, and practicing physiotherapists.

  • The Kibbutz

    A New Way of Life
    • 1st Edition
    • Dan Leon
    • English
    The Kibbutz: A New Way of Life provides an introduction to the Kibbutz Artzi Hashomer Hatzair, which is the largest of the four national federations of kibbutzim or national settlements in Israel. This book presents the problems and the achievements of the kibbutz. Organized into three parts, this book begins with an overview of the development of the kibbutz movement, which is considered an integral part of the broad social and national struggles that accompany every national liberation movement. This text then examines the influences that motivated the foundation of the first kibbutz groups. This book discusses as well the detailed functioning of the kibbutz as a society with its own social, economic, moral, educational, spiritual, and ideological principles. The final part deals with the socialistic internal economic structure and way of life of the kibbutz. This book is a valuable resource for sociologists, economists, psychologists, students, and researchers.

  • Government in France

    An Introduction to the Executive Power
    • 1st Edition
    • Malcolm C. Anderson
    • Nevil Johnson
    • English
    Governments of Western Europe, Government in France: An Introduction to the Executive Power focuses on the affairs of the government of France. The book first offers information on the history of the French government, including the presidency of the Vth republic. The text also expounds on the role and influence of the prime minister in overseeing the affairs of the government. The selection takes a look at the problems associated with the rational division of administrative tasks and duties in the government. The creation of ministries to ensure efficiency in the affairs of the government is underscored. The text also discusses the role of the ministerial cabinet in bridging the executive branch of the government and the administration. Particularly noted is the influence of the ministerial cabinet on how the prime minister can exercise effective control over the administration. The book also offers information on the major social changes that affected the structure and activities of the French administration after World War II. The text is a vital reference for readers interested in the governments of Western Europe, particularly the government of France.

  • Individual Differences and Psychopathology

    Physiological Correlates of Human Behaviour, Vol. 3
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony Gale + 1 more
    • English
    Physiological Correlates of Human Behaviour, Vol. 3: Individual Differences and Psychopathology offers an introduction to biological research into human behavior. The book discusses the three major dimensions of personality (extraversion, neuroticism and psychoticism) and the major theories of the underlying psychophysiological causes for the observed differences in behavior; and the theory of anxiety. The text also describes the measures of individual differences in habituation of physiological responses; the perspectives on pain; the cortical correlates of intelligence; and sensation seeking as a biosocial dimension of personality. The individual differences in evoked potentials; Pavlov's nervous system typology; theories of psychosomatic disorders; and the role of learning and organismic variables in criminality are also considered. The book further tackles some problems and controversies in the psychophysiological investigation of schizophrenia; the psychophysiological contributions to psychotherapy research; and the use of psychophysiological measures for investigating the influence of social factors on psychiatric relapse. Psychologists, psychiatrists, and behavioural psychologists will find the book invaluable.

  • Great Power Competition for Overseas Bases

    The Geopolitics of Access Diplomacy
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert E. Harkavy
    • English
    Great Power Competition for Overseas Bases: The Geopolitics of Access Diplomacy explores the geopolitics of the major powers' overseas basing systems in relation to global strategies and changes in the international system in three fairly distinct phases: the interwar, early postwar, and recent postwar periods. This book links the great powers' competition for overseas bases to several streams of more or less contemporary international relations theory. This monograph consists of seven chapters and opens with an introduction to the diplomacy of basing access, followed by a discussion on the different types or purposes of basing access as they have evolved over the past several decades in response to changes in diplomacy and military technology. The major powers' overseas basing-access networks in the consecutive interwar, early postwar, and recent postwar periods are then reviewed, along with the earlier corpus of geopolitical theory, specifically as it relates to basing diplomacy. Emphasis is on the conflicting assumptions about what reciprocal strategic advantages and disadvantages inhere to the geographic positions of the United States and USSR. The final chapter considers a number of ""functional"" areas of world politics that are closely intertwined with basing diplomacy, and relates the competition for facilities to raw materials access, surrogate wars, strategic deterrence, arms control, balances of payments, arms sales and aid, alliances, and other such staple concerns of international relations. This book will be of interest to political scientists, military and government officials, diplomats, and policymakers.

  • Human Reliability

    With Human Factors
    • 1st Edition
    • Balbir S. Dhillon
    • English
    Human Reliability: With Human Factors focuses on human reliability during system design. The book is organized into 13 chapters, wherein Chapter 1 presents histories of human factors and human reliability along with selective terms and definitions. Chapter 2 shows basic reliability mathematics and concepts. Subsequent chapters then elaborate on human reliability, human errors, six human reliability analysis methods, and reliability evaluation of systems with human errors. Other chapters elucidate human factors in maintenance and maintainability; human safety; human reliability data; and human factors in quality control, design, mathematical models, and formulas. Applications of human factors engineering are also addressed. The text will be valuable to human factor engineers and specialists, reliability and maintainability specialists, system and design engineers, industrial engineers, quality control engineers, and students.

  • A Challenge to Social Security

    The Changing Roles of Women and Men in American Society
    • 1st Edition
    • Richard V. Burkhauser + 1 more
    • English
    A Challenge to Social Security: The Changing Roles of Women and Men in American Society is a collection of papers that deals with social security reform. The papers concern insurance and pure income transfer aspects of various proposals and the assumptions regarding the family and work behavior found in each proposal. The proposed reforms attempt to fix the shortcomings of the Old Age, Survivors Insurance (OASI) Program, sometimes at the expense of reducing the subsidy for women who remain at home, or through alterations of the subsidy's nature. Other papers discuss the current spouse benefits under the dual entitlement rule; homemaker credits; child-care drop-out years; and one going against the grain, earnings sharing. One paper sees earning sharing as the only way to provide security to the homemaker without being unfair to the working wife. Other papers tackle the issues of women and a two-tier social security system; the double-decker alternative to eliminate dependency under social security; and the social security reform from a feminist's perspective. This collection can prove useful for economists, sociologists, political scientists, and policy makers involved in welfare and social security.

  • Population

    Analysis and Models
    • 1st Edition
    • Louis Henry
    • English
    Population: Analysis and Models presents a discussion of demographic analysis and models. This book has been translated from French to provide access to an integrated textbook aimed at the French equivalent of undergraduates. The book is organized into two parts. Part I is devoted to analysis and is subdivided into two sections. The first section deals with elementary analysis or the steps that must precede an analysis of any complexity. It comprises three chapters: after an introduction, it presents the analysis of the results of one census followed by a summary of the analysis of population change during a year. The second section focuses on the analysis of demographic phenomena—nuptiality... fertility, mortality, mobility (migration) and on the population change that is their result. Part II deals with models, namely models of population dynamics, models of family formation following marriage, and nuptiality models. This book has been written for students with very diverse backgrounds, some of whom may have scarcely more than an elementary knowledge of algebra.

  • Statistical Studies of Historical Social Structure

    • 1st Edition
    • Kenneth W. Wachter + 2 more
    • E. A. Hammel
    • English
    Statistical Studies of Historical Social Structure articulates and applies concepts from statistics into historical investigations of pre-industrial English households. The book provides statistical reports on household composition and demographic influences and uses simulation in the study of problems in historical structure. Chapters are devoted to computer simulation experiments; presentation and analysis of English household composition data; correlation of English patriline extinction with social mobility; and how age distribution affects English social structure. Statisticians, historians, demographers, researchers, and students will find the book interesting.

  • Foundations of Interpersonal Attraction

    • 1st Edition
    • Ted L. Huston
    • English
    Foundations of Interpersonal Attraction is intended to provide students of interpersonal relationships with a source book that reviews, integrates, and elaborates basic material concerned with interpersonal attraction—the affectional component of social relationships. All interpersonal relationships can be characterized, in part, by the strength and nature of the affectional tie between the persons involved. The ubiquity of attraction phenomena, and the extensive data that have begun to emerge concerning its nature, antecedents, and interpersonal correlates, provided the original rationale and impetus behind the development of the book. The book contains 16 chapters organized into five parts. Part I briefly highlights the history of attraction research and lays out some central themes related to conceptualizing and researching attraction. All persons develop attachments through social interaction, but the nature and antecedents of such feelings differ depending on the age and cognitive-developmen... level of the persons involved as well as on the sociocultural context in which the interaction takes place. Part II is devoted to detailing these issues. Parts III and IV consist of a series of contributions that provide conceptual frameworks for studying attraction. Part V is devoted to romantic attraction.

  • The Sociology of Organizational Change

    • 1st Edition
    • E. A. Johns
    • English
    The Sociology of Organizational Change discusses organizational change and its implementation, focusing on economic growth, specification and attainment of profitability targets, and entrepreneurial behavior. This book describes the three alternative methods of introducing change—introduction without warning, introduction preceded by information, and introduction with employee participation. The topics covered include the need for constant change; change, equilibrium and homeostasis; sources of resistance to change; and hierarchical variations in attitudes to change. The organizational and psychological factors; techniques for implementing change; and managerial succession and the organizational climate are likewise deliberated in this text. This publication is useful to students studying for the Diploma in Management Studies, professional examinations of the Institute of Personnel Management, and university courses in sociology.

  • Local Government and Strategic Choice

    An Operational Research Approach to the Processes of Public Planning
    • 2nd Edition
    • J.K. Friend + 1 more
    • English
    Local Government and Strategic Choice, Second Edition discusses decision-making in local government, in particular, to those more strategic levels of choice which tend to be linked with the terms 'planning' and 'policy-making.' This book is organized into four parts. Part I centers on an appraisal of planning in a major local authority. Part II details the nature of the planning process in any governmental setting and the characteristic types of operational and organizational problem to which it gives rise. Parts III and IV use the medium of case examples to suggest how the planning process can be made more effective, first through the development of an appropriate technology of choice, and secondly through the adaptation of organizational forms to allow the technology to become a workable instrument of democratic control.

  • Making Better Places

    Urban Design Now
    • 1st Edition
    • Richard Hayward
    • English
    Making Better Places: Urban Design Now discusses how to make better places: how monotonous or rich urban development can be, how appropriate to traffic requirements urban improvements are, or how sustainable an urban design approach can be to existing and future urban dispersal. The book reviews the gap existing between the various environmental disciplines leading to the emergence of urban design; as well as the gap between the rhetoric and practical achievements of urban design. The practice of urban design entails the premise that environments are to be created and transformed to provide the most opportunities for the largest number of people. By using an urban tissue plan, the urban developmental planner can produce and evaluate site development appraisal and design proposals. The book also provides an abstract perspective that considers built forms as a set of signs to provide a mechanism which shows the modification of urban space. The text also addresses the issue of urban change in established centers, the urban fringe and beyond, as well as cites four examples of exploration by intervention. The book can prove beneficial to urban planners, sociologists, and policy makers involved in urban and social development.

  • Local Plans in British Land Use Planning

    Urban and Regional Planning Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Patsy Healey
    • English
    Local Plans in British Land Use Planning provides an analysis of the nature, purpose, and operation of development plans in British planning practice. Comprised of 10 chapters, the book discusses about the use of development plans as procedural tools used by government agencies as an element in programs for intervening in the way a land is used and developed. Chapter 1 discusses land policy, land use planning, and development plans, while Chapter 2 covers the British land policy and land use planning. Chapter 3 and 4 tackle structure and local plans, respectively. The fifth chapter attempts to answer the question “Why prepare a local plan?” and the next three chapters tackle local plan production, form and content, and use. Chapter 9 covers the need of explanation regarding the planning system, and Chapter 10 discusses the recommendation to tackle the issues of the British planning system. The book will be of great interest to readers who are curious about the British planning system and in the analysis of public programs.

  • Analysis of Copper and Its Alloys

    • 1st Edition
    • W. T. Elwell + 1 more
    • English
    Analysis of Copper and Its Alloys provides important information for the satisfactory analysis of typical industrial products. This book presents several instrumental methods for analysis, which involve the use of instruments that are familiar, even in small laboratories. Organized into 34 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the various factors that are common to most methods of sampling copper-base materials, regardless of the quality and quantity of material to be sampled. This text then discusses the safety precautions pertaining to the handling of reagents and apparatus. Other chapters consider the factors that influence the determination when copper is electrolytically deposited in the conventional way, including the simultaneous co-deposition of other metals, the retention of copper, and the inhibiting effect of metals. This book discusses as well the presence of refractory tin oxide in tin-bearing alloys. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, teachers, students, and researchers.

  • Gravitation and Relativity

    International Series in Natural Philosophy
    • 1st Edition
    • M. G. Bowler
    • D. Ter Haar
    • English
    Gravitation and Relativity generalizes Isaac Newton’s theory of gravitation using the elementary tools of Albert Einstein’s special relativity. Topics covered include gravitational waves, martian electrodynamics, relativistic gravitational fields and gravitational forces, the distortion of reference frames, and the precession of the perihelion of Mercury. Black holes and the geometry of spacetime also receive consideration. This book is comprised of 10 chapters; the first of which briefly reviews special relativity, with the emphasis on the Lorentz covariance of the equations of physics. This topic is then followed by a short discussion on accelerations in the framework of special relativity. Two problems related to the gravitational deflection of light and how to detect a gravitational acceleration by observations within a freely falling laboratory are discussed in this book. The chapters that follow focus on the Eötvös-Dicke experiments that established the identity of inertial and gravitational mass; the equations of electrodynamics and electrostatics; force laws and equations of motion; and the precession of the perihelion of Mercury. The reader is also introduced to the nature of gravitational radiation; its generation and detection; and the relation between the metric tensor and gravitational potentials. The book concludes with a chapter on black holes and how they may manifest themselves to the astronomer. This monograph will appeal not only to professional physicists but also to undergraduates in physics who want to know a great deal about gravitation and relativity.

  • Comparative Judicial Systems

    Challenging Frontiers in Conceptual and Empirical Analysis
    • 1st Edition
    • John R. Schmidhauser
    • English
    Comparative Judicial Systems: Challenging Frontiers in Conceptual and Empirical Analysis is a comprehensive and cohesive collection of investigative essays written by significant contributors in the field of comparative judicial institutions and politics. These essays seek to explain the judicial systems of different nations and analyze their implications. The book is divided into three parts. Part I deals with the integration of courts into the study of politics and conceptual frameworks in comparative cross-national legal and judicial research. Part II covers analyses of the judicial systems of a certain nation, while Part III compares and analyzes judicial systems of different nations as well as their judicial background in relation to their subculture. The text is recommended for lawyers as well as those in the field of political science and in the judicial branch, especially those who are looking to countries as examples for the improvement of their local systems.

  • Taxation and Tax Policies in the Middle East

    Butterworths Studies in International Political Economy
    • 1st Edition
    • Hossein Askari + 2 more
    • Susan Strange + 1 more
    • English
    Taxation and Tax Policies in the Middle East evaluates the general role that tax policies have played in the economic development of the Middle East since 1945 and proposes some recommendations on how fiscal tools could be better used to promote further advancement in this region. This book is divided into six parts. Part I contains the purpose and outline of the study, while Part II discusses the economic aspects of the major categories of taxes used in most developing countries. The fiscal history and categorical breakdown of the tax profiles of 16 Middle Eastern countries are reviewed in Part III. Part IV analyzes the literature on econometric models that explain differences among countries in tax effort. In Part V, the differences in relative tax efforts across 16 countries with considerations in Islamic history, culture, and natural resource endowment are elaborated. The last part summarizes the entire study. This publication is a good reference for economists and specialists concerned with the taxation and tax policies in the Middle East.

  • Papers in Economics and Sociology

    • 1st Edition
    • Oskar Lange
    • P. F. Knightsfield
    • English
    Papers in Economics and Sociology is a compilation of materials authored by the Polish economist Oskar Lange. The coverage of the essays covers the interrelations between economic and social issues. The text first covers the Marxist and socialist theory, and then proceeds to tackling political economy and socialism. Next, the selection deals with economic theory, along with the mathematical models, econometrics, and statistics utilized in economic analysis. The text also covers the economic science in the service of practice. The book will be of great use to political scientists, sociologists, behavioral scientists, and economists.

  • Innovation and Social Process

    A National Experiment in Implementing Social Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • Louis G. Tornatzky + 2 more
    • English
    Innovation and Social Process: A National Experiment in Implementing Social Technology discusses concerns, design, and methodologies of an experiment that deals with society's perception of innovation. Comprised of 11 chapters, the book first provides an overview of innovation, change, and problems of implementation; social process; and social innovation. The third chapter covers the methods of designing an experiment in organizational innovation, while the fourth chapter tackles participative decision making and innovation, and the fifth chapter tackles organization development and the implementation of an innovation. Chapter 6 deals with indigenous introduction and innovation; Chapter 7 on the other hand discusses promoting innovation communication through print. Chapter 8 talks about a case study of bureaucratic entrepreneurship, while Chapter 9 tackles site visits and innovation processes. The tenth chapter discusses perils of change agent training, and the last chapter provides an overview of the previous chapters. The book will be of great interest to researchers in the fields of psychology and sociology, since it provides a behavioral overview of society's reaction to innovation.

  • Stellar Formation

    International Series in Natural Philosophy, Volume 97
    • 1st Edition
    • V C Reddish
    • D. Ter Haar
    • English
    Stellar Formation focuses on the properties, distributions, characteristics, and formation of stars and galaxies. The manuscript first offers information on locations of star formation, as well as the distribution of interstellar gas, clouds, and globules; spatial relationships between young stars and interstellar matter; and distribution of young stars. The book also tackles frequency distribution of stellar masses and aggregates of stars. The text ponders on the frequency distribution of cloud masses, rate and environment of star formation, and cloud structure in the interstellar gas. The publication also examines the fragmentation of clouds into protostars and the frequency distribution of protostar masses, rate of formation of stars, and evolution of galaxies. Discussions focus on random fragmentation, gravitational turbulence, and fragmentation induced by molecule formation. The manuscript is a vital reference for scientists and readers interested in stellar formation.

  • Science and Technology in British Politics

    • 1st Edition
    • Norman J. Vig
    • English
    Science and Technology in British Politics covers the issues in science policy, which arose during 1959-1964 over British government policy and administration for supporting the advancement of science and technology. The book discusses relevant aspects of the political climate that contributed to the “politicization” of science, as well as on internal pressures for reform. The text also describes the contrasting approaches of the Conservative and Labor Parties and the role of Parliament and interest groups in science policymaking. The book concludes by tackling the political discussion of science policy. The text will be useful to students of politics.

  • The Social Psychology of Tourist Behaviour

    International Series in Experimental Social Psychology
    • 1st Edition
    • Philip L. Pearce
    • Michael Argyle
    • English
    The Social Psychology of Tourist Behaviour is a seven-chapter book that describes tourists, tourism, and tourist psychology. The book particularly explores economic, geographical, anthropological, and sociological studies of tourism. Subsequent chapters look into the social role of tourist; an approach to tourist motivation; social contact between tourists and hosts; and environmental settings of tourist behavior. The book will be useful for advanced undergraduates, graduate students and relevant practitioners, and in some cases for a rather broader public in the field of social psychology.

  • Transportation Planning, Policy and Analysis

    Urban and Regional Planning Series
    • 1st Edition
    • D. N. M. Starkie
    • English
    Urban and Regional Planning Series, Volume 13: Transportation Planning, Policy and Analysis is a review of selected policies affecting the administration, urban transportation, and proposals regarding transport improvements. The book discusses the inter-relationship of transport policy and analysis of transportation planning. The text outlines the development of transportation planning considering the constraints placed upon studies made in the transportation system. The author describes the planning process as evolving, with the nature of the problem changing along with the passing of time. The author reviews the administrative framework and the polices affecting urban traffic and public transports. He evaluates the policy-decision mechanisms influenced by ""maximization subject to constraint."" The author then presents some mathematical simulation models of transport, and then emphasizes that actual testing and experimentation of a model are needed to overcome any cardinal weaknesses. The book also cites the SELNEC and Tyneside studies where their major component is on road expenditure, which studies regarded as not very cost-effective. The author then cites legislations and development proposals that transportation plans should be integrated with land use planning and traffic systems. The author also discusses why developments in transport planning analysis is a political decision. City administrators, officials of traffic and engineering departments and bureaus, civil engineers, and urban developers will find this book of interest.

  • Guide to Contemporary Politics

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Liberal Studies Division
    • 1st Edition
    • N. C. Dexter + 1 more
    • D. F. Bratchell + 1 more
    • English
    Guide to Contemporary Politics describes basic political ideas and some of the issues dividing the major parties in British politics. The book starts with basic descriptions of political theory, covering the foundations of democracy, the choice of government, and the machinery of political power found in the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of government. The book then cites example of clichés and common misconception about politics between a communist and a socialist. This is followed by discussions and interviews on the politics, differences, qualities, and some perceptions on the Communist Party, the Conservative Party, the Labor Party, and the Liberal Party. The book then discusses any points of controversy or misunderstanding in an objective manner. The text gives an assessment of observations and notes of the different parties. The appendices also discuss the state of economy from 1945 to 1966, and how the newspapers saw the changing politics of the times. The book also discusses the use of opinion polls in political elections. Politicians, political candidates, campaign managers, and sociologists and historians will find this book informative and useful.

  • Background to Eastern Europe

    The Commonwealth and International Library: Liberal Studies Division
    • 1st Edition
    • F. B. Singleton
    • D. F. Bratchell + 1 more
    • English
    Background to Eastern Europe provides a historical overview of Eastern Europe. The book is comprised of seven chapters that detail several turning points in Eastern Europe history. The text first discusses the geography, climate, society, and economy of Eastern Europe. Next, the title provides a historical survey of Eastern Europe, which covers the growth of multi-national empires and nationalist movements. The next two chapters talk about major conflicts in Eastern Europe history. The remaining chapters deal with contemporary Eastern Europe. The book will be of great use to individuals who have a keen interest in the historical trend of Eastern Europe.

  • Relations between Western Europe and the United States of America

    Strasbourg University of Law, Political and Social Sciences and Technology, Under the Auspices of the Secretary General of the Council of Europe
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    Relations between Western Europe and the United States of America focuses on issues surrounding the political, diplomatic, and strategic relations between the US and Western Europe. Composed of pieces of respected resource authors, the first part of the book is devoted to the elaboration of the varying positions of the authors regarding political, diplomatic, and strategic relations between the entities mentioned. The discussions focus on issues surrounding the concerns mentioned and also on recommendations as to how these obstacles can be resolved. The second part of the discussions focuses on economic, energy, and monetary relations. As in the first part, the varying positions of authors on these concerns are presented, coupled with presentations on the prevailing obstacles that the US and Western Europe face. Suggestions that are deemed valuable to the resolution of these issues are noted. The third part deals with human rights and pluralist democracy. This section notes the regression in the quality of worldwide action relative to the observance of human rights. This section contains the pieces of authors who have brought out the issues surrounding human rights and democracy. The text also discusses case studies regarding the state of relations between the US and Western Europe. The book is valuable to those who are concerned with the promotion of international relations.

  • Knowledge and Inference

    • 1st Edition
    • Makoto Nagao
    • English
    Knowledge and Inference discusses an important problem for software systems: How do we treat knowledge and ideas on a computer and how do we use inference to solve problems on a computer? The book talks about the problems of knowledge and inference for the purpose of merging artificial intelligence and library science. The book begins by clarifying the concept of ""knowledge"" from many points of view, followed by a chapter on the current state of library science and the place of artificial intelligence in library science. Subsequent chapters cover central topics in the artificial intelligence: search and problem solving, methods of making proofs, and the use of knowledge in looking for a proof. There is also a discussion of how to use the knowledge system. The final chapter describes a popular expert system. It describes tools for building expert systems using an example based on Expert Systems—A Practical Introduction by P. Sell (Macmillian, 1985). This type of software is called an ""expert system shell."" This book was written as a textbook for undergraduate students covering only the basics but explaining as much detail as possible.

  • The Politics of Workers' Participation

    The Peruvian Approach in Comparative Perspective
    • 1st Edition
    • Evelyne Huber Stephens
    • Charles Tilly + 1 more
    • English
    The Politics of Workers' Participation: The Peruvian Approach in Comparative Perspective presents a comparative analysis of the development of workers' participation in a variety of politico-economic systems in Peru to other countries in the world. The text focuses on the details of workers' participation in politics and enterprise; empirical evidence substantiating that workers' participation is an issue of fundamental political conflict; and the social forces that promote and oppose workers' participation as part of a transition to a new social order. Political scientists, economists, sociologists, and students will find the book invaluable.

  • The Economic Impacts of Tax—Transfer Policy

    Regional and Distributional Effects
    • 1st Edition
    • Fredrick L. Golladay + 1 more
    • English
    The Economic Impacts of Tax—Transfer Policy: Regional and Distributional Effects deals with evaluating proposed income-transfer policies through tax modeling. The book analyzes the direct and indirect effects of two variants of a negative income tax plan. These are the standard negative income tax and the Family Assistance Plan. By studying the indirect effects of income-maintenance programs on industries, occupations, and different regions, the authors point to understanding the effectiveness of alternative income-maintenance programs. Proposed changes in national taxes and transfer policies aim to achieve income redistribution. In their studies and models, the authors noted that the full impact of these tax policies throughout the income spectra covering different income classes, industries, occupations, and regions is different from that gathered from observations involving the direct effects of these schemes. The authors cite some policy implications resulting from their study, such as the redistributional impacts of direct tax-transfer scheme are not as efficient as expected and that increasing the demand for low-skilled workers and improving their job qualities is one way of improving income distribution. The text is valuable for economists and government policymakers in the finance and labor sectors, as well as for sociologists and political economists.

  • Networks of Collective Action

    A Perspective on Community Influence Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • Edward O. Laumann + 1 more
    • Peter H. Rossi
    • English
    Networks of Collective Action: A Perspective on Community Influence Systems develops a theoretically informed research framework for the structural analysis of social systems. To this end, special attention is given to two fundamental issues in structural analysis: First, how does one most usefully define or identify the elementary units, be they individuals, corporate actors, or population subgroups, that comprise a given social system, and in what ways should these elementary units be characterized or differentiated from one another? And, second, what are the relational modalities by which these actors are linked to one another in ways that are relevant to understanding how their individual preferences and behavior are coordinated or integrated with one another for purposes of collective action (i.e., to achieve collective goals)? The book is organized into three main parts. Part I describes the research site and its environmental context, and then makes a structural analysis of the internal social and value differentiation of the population subsystem. Part II focuses on the elite subsystem and on its role in resolving specific community controversies. Part III turns to a topic often neglected in studying democratically legitimized influence systems: the systematic theoretical and empirical characterization of the relationships between the elite and the population subsystems in the community.

  • Children's Social Behavior

    Development, Assessment, and Modification
    • 1st Edition
    • Phillip S. Strain + 2 more
    • English
    Children's Social Behavior: Development, Assessment, and Modification presents the principal aspects of social developmental study of children; assessment methodology and techniques; and changes in the behavioral targets of intervention and in the nature of interventions. The articles in the book deal with various subjects related to the study of children's social behavior. Topics discussed include the interdependence and interplay between biological and social forces on the child's developing social repertoire; causative factors that influence peer interaction deficits; sociometric procedures and direct observation assessment methods; and issues associated with target behavior selection and the selection of intervention tactics. Psychologists, educators, ethologists, anthropologists, psychiatrists, and sociologists will find the book invaluable.

  • Social Competence

    Interventions for Children and Adults
    • 1st Edition
    • Diana Pickett Rathjen + 1 more
    • English
    Social Competence: Interventions for Children and Adults focuses on the relationship between the social abilities and interpersonal skills of people, taking into consideration their satisfaction and productivity. This book offers a summary of innovative and validated interventions specifically made to improve social competence among adults and children. This text first presents how physical characteristics and behavior are considered as determinants of social competence. The differences that language plays among adults and children relative to self-control are highlighted. The role that parents play in shaping the mental health of their children is also emphasized. In molding the social competence of children, training programs on social skills in the classroom are given importance. The programs include the development of interpersonal skills during a child’s elementary school years. However, the development of such skills has not been traditionally thought as a responsibility of the education system. Social skills training program have been added to the program for patients suffering from psychomatic disorders, and this has been proven beneficial to them.

  • Arab-Israeli Military/Political Relations

    Arab Perceptions and the Politics of Escalation
    • 1st Edition
    • John W. Amos
    • English
    Arab-Israeli Military/Political Relations: Arab Perceptions and the Politics of Escalation examines the escalatory patterns of Israel's relations with Arab countries, paying particular attention to the preconditions, conditions, and ultimate precipitants of wars that have broken out with some repetitiveness in the Middle East. The impact of the October 1973 War (known as the Yom Kippur War in the West and the Ramadan War in Arab countries) on the United States interests in the Middle East is also assessed. This book is comprised of seven chapters and opens with an overview of the October War; those Arab states actually involved in the war, especially Egypt and Syria; and those Arab states having geographical access to either the Mediterranean or Indian Oceans, including the oil-producing states. The wider political and military implications of the war are discussed, with specific reference to super power interests. The following chapters discuss the perceptual context of Arab politics; the wars of 1967 and 1973 and the impact of Arab conflict imagery on an inherently escalatory situation; the consequences and lessons of the June 1967 war, or Six-Day War; and Arab coalition politics between 1970 and 1973. The final two chapters focus on the combined Egyptian-Syrian battle plan, code-named Operation Badr, and the historical and political implications of the 1973 war. This monograph will be of interest to diplomats, policymakers, and government officials concerned with the politics of war and in international relations more generally.

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