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Elsevier

Books in Physics

Physics titles offer comprehensive research and advancements across the fundamental and applied areas of physical science. From quantum mechanics and particle physics to astrophysics and materials science, these titles drive innovation and deepen understanding of the principles governing the universe. Essential for researchers, educators, and students, this collection supports scientific progress and practical applications across a diverse range of physics disciplines.

  • Fusion Technology 1980

    Proceedings of the Eleventh Symposium, the Examination Schools, Oxford, UK, 15—19 September 1980
    • 1st Edition
    • Sam Stuart
    • English
    Fusion Technology 1980, Volume 2 contains the proceedings of the 11th Symposium on Fusion Technology held at the Examination Schools, Oxford, UK on September 15-19, 1980. As a continuation of the papers presented in the symposium, the book begins with a description of the data acquisition and control in fusion technology. Subsequent papers presented focus on power supplies, plasma engineering, and fusion materials. Various reactor studies reported in the symposium are also shown.

  • Clinical Optics

    • 1st Edition
    • Troy E. Fannin + 1 more
    • English
    Clinical Optics is intended primarily for use by optometry students, though it could also prove useful for the training of optometric technicians and dispensing opticians. This book is organized into thirteen chapters. These chapters cover most aspects of ophthalmic optics or clinical optics including the design and dispensing of eyewear, the types for lenses suitable for correcting high refractive errors, the optical principles governing low vision lenses and the importance of absorptive lenses and lens coatings for eye protection against radiation. This book will be of interest to optometry students and to those involved in the training of optometric technicians and dispensing opticians.

  • Lumped and Distributed Passive Networks

    A Generalized and Advanced Viewpoint
    • 1st Edition
    • M. Ronald Wohlers
    • Henry G. Booker + 1 more
    • English
    Lumped and Distributed Passive Networks: A Generalized and Advanced Viewpoint considers the mathematical study of a subset of passive linear operators. This five-chapter focuses on the questions of analysis and representation of such operators and illustrates the results of these analyses by obtaining some of the limitations that are imposed on the performance of passive systems. The first two chapters deal with the structure of general linear passive operators. These chapters specifically look into the theory of distributions, called generalized functions. The third and fourth chapters illustrate the application of passive operator theory to rational (lumped) and irrational (distributed) systems. The fifth chapter discusses some applications of optimization theory to the study of networks.

  • Observations of the Night Airglow

    1 July 1957—31 December 1959
    • 1st Edition
    • I. G. Yao
    • English
    Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 25: Observations of the Night Airglow covers the results from systematic observations of the night airglow during the two and a half year period of the International Geophysical Year and International Geophysical Cooperation (July 1957 through December 1959). Airglow refers to light other than the polar aurora, emitted by the upper atmosphere. This volume is composed of eight chapters that contain a series of tables of hourly values of the absolute zenith intensity of the airglow, arranged according to station and wavelength. The numerical results from the several observers were put on punched cards to facilitate machine printing and statistical studies. The local times are given at the top of each page, and the universal times at the bottom. The year, month and day of the observations are shown in the first three columns. The convention was adopted of using the date corresponding to the evening, thus, the entire night of 1/2 July 1957 is entered as 1 July 1957 with the understanding that the date changed to 2 July at local midnight. The rest of the book considers the instruments, procedures, and statistic study of the night airglow. This book is of great value to geophysicists.

  • Advances in Solid State Physics

    Festkörper Probleme, Volume 10
    • 1st Edition
    • O. Madelung
    • English
    Festkorperprobleme X: Advances in Solid State Physics is a compilation of papers and lectures on semiconductor physics, low temperature physics, thermodynamics, and metal physics of the German Physical Society, Freudenstadt, on April 6-11, 1970. This volume is a collection of 13 papers in English and German on the abovementioned subjects. The book describes some characteristics of the different families of narrow bandgap semiconductors; the result arising from the interaction between free carriers and acoustic waves in solids; and the advances made in the field of modulation spectroscopy. The text further discusses the relations between the state of the photoemitted electrons and the absorption process in the solid. In Chapter 8, applications to various problems in semiconductor physics are dealt with. The Empirical Pseudopotential Method and the theory of phonon dispersion curves from a pseudopotential point of view are also considered. Further examined is the Ginzburg-Landau theory of superconductivity in relation to the probability distribution of the electric field strength of laser light that has a form completely analogous to that of the pair wave function of the theory. The implications of the thermodynamics of point defects in imperfect crystals and the association of foreign ions and vacancies due to their Coulomb interaction, resulting in complexes, are investigated. This book is of interest to electrical engineers, research engineers, professors, and students in theoretical or experimental physics.

  • Advances in Biological and Medical Physics

    Volume 12
    • 1st Edition
    • John H. Lawrence + 1 more
    • English
    Advances in Biological and Medical Physics, Volume 12 covers the significant progress in various aspects of biology and medical physics. This volume is composed of 16 chapters. The opening chapters deal with the principles and application of freeze-etching technique and scanning electron microscopy. The succeeding chapters review the development rudimentary model of the chromosome, the mechanisms involving large number of steps to kinetic studies of multisubstrate enzyme systems, and some biophysical approaches to evaluate radiation effects and their repair. These topics are followed by discussions the origin of the observed fluorescence and phosphorescence spectra of DNA, as well as some aspects of energy transfer that apply to DNA and other polynucleotides. Other chapters explore the processes of cellular repair, cell’s radiation sensivity, bacterial photoreactivation of mutation, and the genetic control of DNA repair and genetic recombination. The final chapters consider the mechanism of mutation suppression in yeast, the role of cytoplasm in radiobiology, and the different random factors governing the dose-effect relation. This book is of value to biologists, medical physicists, and medical practitioners.

  • The Quantum Mechanics of Many-Body Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • D. J. Thouless
    • H. S. W. Massey + 1 more
    • English
    The Quantum Mechanics of Many-Body Systems provides an introduction to that field of theoretical physics known as ""many-body theory."" It is concerned with problems that are common to nuclear physics, atomic physics, the electron theory of metals, and to the theories of liquid helium three and four, and it describes the methods which have recently been developed to solve such problems. The aim has been to produce a unified account of the field, rather than to describe all the parallel methods that have been developed; as a result, a number of important papers are not mentioned. The main emphasis is on the theories of atomic nuclei, the electron gas, and liquid helium; there is no discussion of molecular theory or of solid helium. The reader is expected to be familiar with the principles of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics and of statistical mechanics, but a knowledge of field theory and a detailed knowledge of nuclear and solid state physics are not assumed.

  • Mathematics in Physics and Engineering

    • 1st Edition
    • J. Irving + 1 more
    • H. S. W. Massey + 1 more
    • English
    Mathematics in Physics and Engineering describes the analytical and numerical (desk-machine) methods that arise in pure and applied science, including wave equations, Bessel and Legendre functions, and matrices. The manuscript first discusses partial differential equations, as well as the method of separation of variables, three-dimensional wave equation, diffusion or heat flow equation, and wave equation in plane and cylindrical polar coordinates. The text also ponders on Frobenius' and other methods of solution. Discussions focus on hypergeometric equation, Bessel's equation, confluent hypergeometric equation, and change of dependent and independent variables. The publication takes a look at Bessel and Legendre functions and Laplace and other transforms, including orthogonal properties, applications from electromagnetism, spherical harmonics, and application to partial differential equations. The book also examines matrices, analytical methods in classical and wave mechanics, calculus of variations, and complex variable theory and conformal transformations. The book is a dependable reference for mathematicians, engineers, and physicists both at undergraduate and postgraduate levels.

  • Electron Paramagnetic Resonance of d Transition Metal Compounds

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 16
    • F.E. Mabbs + 1 more
    • English
    Electron paramagnetic resonance (epr) spectroscopy is a sensitive and versatile method of studying paramagnets, which is finding increasing use in chemistry, biochemistry, earth and materials sciences. The technique is treated both qualitatively and quantitatively, with a progressive increase in sophistication in each succeeding chapter. Following a general introductory chapter, the first half of the book deals with single unpaired electron systems and considers both metal and ligand Zeeman, hyperfine and quadrupole interactions. The simulation of these spectra is discussed, followed by the relationship between spin-Hamiltonian parameters and models of the electronic structures of paramagnets. The second half of the book treats multiple unpaired electron systems using the same philosophy. An introduction to the epr properties of cluster compounds and of extended exchanging systems is also given. There is a chapter on linewidths and lineshapes, and an extensive appendix containing much additional information. A wide-ranging library of simulated and experimental spectra is given, as well as graphical data which should aid spectrum interpretation. Each chapter contains key references and there is a substantial subject and keyword index. This book is designed to teach epr spectroscopy to students without any previous knowledge of the technique. However, it will also be extremely useful to researchers dealing with paramagnetic d transition metals.

  • Statistical Methods in Radio Wave Propagation

    Proceedings of a Symposium Held at the University of California, Los Angeles, June 18–20, 1958
    • 1st Edition
    • W. C. Hoffman
    • English
    Statistical Methods in Radio Wave Propagation contains the proceedings of a symposium held at the University of California, Los Angeles, on June 18-20, 1958. The papers explore the use of statistical techniques in the analysis and interpretation of data pertaining to the propagation of radio waves. The discussion is organized around three themes: statistical theory and methodology; radio propagation phenomena having a joint statistical and physical structure; and instrumentation. This book is comprised of 23 chapters and begins by summarizing the principal results of a series of statistical studies on the intensity distributions due to rapid fading. The reader is then introduced to some theoretical investigations on fading phenomena; radio-measurement of ionospheric drift as a problem in parameter estimation; the propagation of random radiation in free space; and the statistics of working spells and periods of breakdown for a number of radio links in series. The remaining chapters deal with airborne measurements of tropospheric index of refraction fluctuations; the distribution of the fade lengths of a randomly fading radio signal; diversity statistics in scatter propagation; and extrapolation of spatial correlation functions. The final chapter describes a rapid statistical data processing system for radio propagation research. This monograph will be a useful resource for both radio scientists and statisticians.

  • Growth Points in Nuclear Physics

    Nuclear Forces and Potentials Nuclear Reaction Mechanisms Heavy Ion Reactions
    • 1st Edition
    • P. E. Hodgson
    • English
    Growth Points in Nuclear Physics, Volume 2 covers the progress in the fields of nuclear structure and nuclear reactions. This book is composed of three chapters. The first chapter is devoted to nuclear forces and potentials, in particular the optical model potential that enables the elastic scattering of many particles by nuclei to be calculated in a very simple manner. This chapter also deals with the three-body forces and the spin dependence of the nuclear potential. The second chapter describes higher order processes involving two or more stages, specifically their intrinsic interest and the effect they can have on the total cross-section. The third chapter examines heavy ion reactions, one of the most prominent growth areas of contemporary nuclear physics. Heavy ion reactions are particularly sensitive to some features of nuclear structure, and thus constitute a powerful tool in nuclear structure research. This book will prove useful to nuclear physicists.

  • Maxwell's Equations and Their Consequences

    Elementary Electromagnetic Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • B. H. Chirgwin + 2 more
    • English
    Elementary Electromagnetic Theory Volume 3: Maxwell’s Equations and their Consequences is the third of three volumes that intend to cover electromagnetism and its potential theory. The third volume considers the implications of Maxwell's equations, such as electromagnetic radiation in simple cases, and its relation between Maxwell's equation and the Lorenz transformation. Included in this volume are chapters 11-14, which contain an in-depth discussion of the following topics: • Electromagnetic Waves • The Lorentz Invariance of Maxwell's Equation • Radiation • Motion of Charged Particles Intended to serve as an introduction to electromagnetism and potential theory, the book is for second, third, and fourth year undergraduates of physics and engineering, as they are included in their course of study. Do note that the authors assume that the readers are conversant with the basic ideas of vector analysis, including vector integral theorems.

  • Microwave Power Engineering

    Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Ernest C. Okress
    • English
    Microwave Power Engineering, Volume 2: Applications introduces the electronics technology of microwave power and its applications. This technology emphasizes microwave electronics for direct power utilization and transmission purposes. This volume presents the accomplishments with respect to components, systems, and applications and their prevailing limitations in the light of knowledge of the microwave power technology. The applications discussed include the microwave heating and other processes of materials, which utilize the magnetron predominantly. Other applications include microwave ionized gases for chemical processing, space (propulsion), and scientific (controlled nuclear fusion) purposes; particle accelerators for scientific, medical, and industrial purposes; military and aerospace for phased array focused microwave energy, experimental vehicle hovering; and dynamics, for experimental microwave motors and experimental waveguide vehicle transport. This text also provides recommendations with respect to what can be done to accelerate a balanced growth of the subject and to attract more creative interest and support.

  • Schering Workshop on Pharmacokinetics, Berlin, May 8 and 9, 1969

    Advances in the Biosciences
    • 1st Edition
    • Gerhard Raspé
    • English
    Advances in the Biosciences 5: Schering Workshop on Pharmacokinetics, Berlin, May 8 and 9, 1969 is a collection of papers presented at the Schering Workshop on Pharmacokinetics held in Berlin, Germany, on May 8 and 9, 1969. Contributors focus on advances in the field of pharmacokinetics, including the use of digital computers in defining pharmacokinetic parameters and of mathematical models in the study of steroid dynamics. The pharmacokinetics of acetazolamide and endogenous substances is also described. This book is comprised of 19 chapters and begins with an overview of the basic concepts and experimental methods of pharmacokinetics, followed by a discussion on the general physico-chemical aspects of drug distribution. Subsequent chapters explore multiple dose elimination kinetics and drug accumulation in patients with normal and impaired kidney function; the application of analog and digital computers in pharmacokinetics; use of mathematical tools in defining pharmacokinetic parameters; and measurement of enteric absorption rate using a double tracer technique. Mathematical and statistical problems in pharmacokinetics are also presented. This monograph will be a useful resource for pharmacologists and biologists.

  • Thermodynamic Design Data for Heat Pump Systems

    A Comprehensive Data Base and Design Manual
    • 1st Edition
    • F. A. Holland + 2 more
    • English
    Thermodynamic Design Data for Heat Pump Systems provides a comprehensive data base for the design of vapor compression heat pump systems, particularly in industrial applications where careful matching is essential. The book contains two chapters and 21 appendices. Chapter 1 describes how the data in the graphs and tables in the appendices have been derived, and chapter 2 gives examples of how the data can be used. The appendices present the required design data for 21 materials which are likely to be used as heat pump working fluids.

  • Radioactive Isotopes in the Localization of Tumours

    The Proceedings of the International Nuclear Medicine Symposium Arranged by the Institute of Cancer Research: Royal Cancer Hospital and Held at the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, in September, 1967
    • 1st Edition
    • V. R. McCready + 2 more
    • English
    Radioactive Isotopes in the Localization of Tumours covers the proceedings of the 1967 International Nuclear Medicine Symposium, held at the Imperial College of Science and Technology, London, organized by the Institute of Cancer Research in association with the Royal Marsden Hospital. This book is composed of three parts encompassing 40 chapters. After an introduction to the principles of scanning and physical problems, this book goes on describing the physical aspects of mechanical scanning systems, collimators, cameras, autofluorescope, and photoscanner. The second part reviews the radioactive materials for tumor localization. This part specifically examines the technique of regional oxygenation, mercury-197 chlormerodrin, and TRIGA reactor. The third part is devoted to the clinical aspects of tumor diagnosis. This book is of value to physicists, engineers, chemists, and clinicians.

  • Applied Solid State Science

    Advances in Materials and Device Research
    • 1st Edition
    • Raymond Wolfe
    • English
    Applied Solid State Science: Advances in Materials and Device Research, Volume 4 covers articles on single crystal compound semiconductors and complex polycrystalline materials. The book discusses narrow gap semiconductors and solid state batteries. The text then describes the advantages of hot-pressed microcrystalline compacts of oxygen-octahedra ferroelectrics over single crystal materials, as well as heterostructure junction lasers. Solid state physicists, materials scientists, electrical engineers, and graduate students studying the subjects being discussed will find the book invaluable.

  • Individual Psychotherapy and the Science of Psychodynamics

    • 1st Edition
    • David H. Malan
    • English
    Individual Psychotherapy and the Science of Psychodynamics present an extensive examination of the basic principles of dynamic psychotherapy. It discusses the concept of constructive aggression. It addresses the analysis of expressive and defensive mechanisms. Some of the topics covered in the book are the therapeutic effects from history taking; common syndromes of sexual problems in women; qualities needed by a therapists; characteristics of unconscious communication; common syndromes of problems of masculinity in men; evolution and analysis of Oedipus complex; and Koch’s postulates in psychodynamics. The passive defenses against aggression and the link with depression are fully covered. An in-depth account of the meaning of paranoid feelings is provided. The evaluation of the oedipal depression in men and women are completely presented. A chapter is devoted to the identification of transference neurosis. Another section focuses on the origin of human aggression. The analysis of phobic anxiety, anorexia nervosa, and hypochondriasis are briefly covered. The book can provide useful information to psychologists, therapists, students, and researchers.

  • Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors

    Proceedings of the 9th International Conference, Neuherberg/Munchen, 30th September-6th October 1976
    • 1st Edition
    • F. Granzer + 2 more
    • English

  • Physics Applied to Anaesthesia

    • 2nd Edition
    • D. W. Hill
    • English
    Physics Applied to Anaesthesia explains to doctors the concepts of physics and its applications in the field of anesthesiology. The book discusses topics in physics in relation to the field of anesthesiology, which include the fundamental concepts of mechanics; the different properties of liquids and gases; the gas laws; and heat. The text also covers topics more specific to anesthesiology and medicine such as anesthetic vaporizers; automatic lung ventilators and respirators; and the electrical, fire, and explosion hazards in the operating room. The monograph is recommended for anesthesiologists who would like to be familiarized with the different principles and concepts related to their field and the administration of its related drugs.

  • Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

    International Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy Conference
    • 1st Edition
    • R. M. Dagnall + 1 more
    • English
    Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy documents the proceedings of the second International Conference held at the University of Sheffield, U.K between July 14 and 18, 1969. This compilation deals with all aspects of atomic absorption spectroscopy, focusing on fundamental developments, metallurgical and biological applications of atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic fluorescence spectroscopy, developments in instrumentation, theoretical aspects, and chemical and physical interference effects. The analytical flame atomic emission spectroscopy and development of non-flame sample cells for atomic spectroscopy are also considered. Other topics include the behavior of certain elements in the absorption tube and progress in atomic absorption spectroscopy employing flame and graphite cuvette techniques. This book is a good source for students, specialists, and researchers conducting work on atomic absorption spectroscopy.

  • The Correspondence Principle (1918 - 1923)

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • J.R. Nielsen
    • English
    During this period Bohr's researches had a double aim: to develop a consistent and adequate quantum theory and to explain the structures and properties of the elements of the periodic system. ``The Correspondence Principle'' contains the papers and manuscripts dealing mainly with the elaboration of the general quantum theory.

  • Auroral Spectrograph Data

    Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 25
    • 1st Edition
    • Anne Carrigan + 2 more
    • English
    Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 25: Auroral Spectrograph Data is a five-chapter text that contains tabulations of auroral spectrograph data. The patrol spectrograph built by the Perkin-Elmer Corporation for the Aurora and Airglow Program of the IGY is a high-speed, low-dispersion, automatic instrument designed to photograph spectra of aurora occurring along a given magnetic meridian of the sky. Data from each spectral frame were recorded on an IBM punched card. The data recorded on the cards are printed onto the tabulations in this volume. These tabulations are available in the World Data Centers for auroral (instrumental) observations in College, Alaska, Moscow, and Stockholm in the form of this printed volume of the IGY Annals. The remaining four chapters are data tabulations for United States, New Zealand, Canada, United Kingdom, and U.S.S.R. stations. This book will prove useful to geophysicists.

  • Dynamics of Stellar Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • K. F. Ogorodnikov
    • Arthur Beer
    • English
    Dynamics of Stellar Systems discusses the basic principles that support stellar dynamics. The book is comprised of 10 chapters that present the general principles on which it is based and how the modern conceptions of motions in stellar systems can be derived. The text first discusses the fundamentals concepts of stellar statistics, and then proceeds to detailing the kinematics of stellar systems. The next chapter covers the elementary theory of galactic rotation. Next, the book tackles the irregular forces in stellar systems. Chapter V talks about the statistical stellar dynamics neglecting encounters, while Chapter VI deals with the regular orbit of the stars. In the eighth chapter, the text tackles the problem of local dynamics. The remaining chapters deal with the dynamics of centroids, spherical stellar systems, and rotating stellar systems. The book will be of great interest to researchers and practitioners of disciplines that deal with celestial bodies, such as astronomy and astrophysics.

  • The Historical Supernovae

    • 1st Edition
    • David H. Clark + 1 more
    • English
    The Historical Supernovae is an interdisciplinary study of the historical records of supernova. This book is composed of 12 chapters that particularly highlight the history of the Far East. The opening chapter briefly describes the features of nova and supernova, stars which spontaneously explode with a spectacular and rapid increase in brightness. The succeeding chapter deals with the search for the historical records of supernova from Medieval European monastic chronicles, Arabic chronicles, astrological works etc., post renaissance European scientific writings, and Far Eastern histories and diaries. Other chapters cover the classification of the Far-Easter stars, remnants of supernova, and the so-called guest star within the Southern Gate. The discussion then shifts to historical records of the Chin Dynasty Guest stars, extremely bright stars, and the birth of the Crab Nebula. The concluding chapters are devoted to historical records of star of Tycho Brahe and Johannes Kepler. These chapters also look into the evolution of supernova remnants. This book will be of value to students of astronomy and history of science or sinology, as well as the non-specialists.

  • Continuum Mechanics of Electromagnetic Solids

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 33
    • G.A. Maugin
    • J. D. Achenbach
    • English
    This volume is a rigorous cross-disciplinary theoretical treatment of electromechanical and magnetomechanical interactions in elastic solids. Using the modern style of continuum thermomechanics (but without excessive formalism) it starts from basic principles of mechanics and electromagnetism, and goes on to unify these two fields in a common framework. It treats linear and nonlinear static and dynamic problems in a variety of elastic solids such as piezoelectrics, electricity conductors, ferromagnets, ferroelectrics, ionic crystals and ceramics. Chapters 1-3 are introductory, describing the essential properties of electromagnetic solids, the essentials of the thermomechanics of continua, and the general equations that govern the electrodynamics of nonlinear continua in the nonrelativistic framework (e.g. Maxwell's equations, the fundamental balance laws of continuum mechanics, basic thermodynamical inequalities for electromagnetic continua, jump relations for studying the propagation of shock waves, nonlinear constitutive equations for large classes of materials).The remainder of the text presents in detail special cases, applications, solved problems, and more complex schemes of electromagnetic matter. Chapters 4 and 5 examine material schemes whose description relies on the above-mentioned equations. Chapters 6 and 7 are more advanced, reporting on recent progress in the field.Suitable for graduate teaching, the volume will also be useful to research workers and engineers in the field of electromagnetomechan... interactions, and to those interested in the basic principles, mathematical developments and applications of electroelasticity and magnetoelasticity in a variety of solid materials, such as crystals, polycrystals, compounds and alloys.

  • Foundations of Classical and Quantum Statistical Mechanics

    International Series of Monographs in Natural Philosophy
    • 1st Edition
    • R. Jancel
    • D. ter Haar
    • English
    Foundations of Classical and Quantum Statistical Mechanics details the theoretical foundation the supports the concepts in classical and quantum statistical mechanics. The title discusses the various problems set by the theoretical justification of statistical mechanics methods. The text first covers the the ergodic theory in classical statistical mechanics, and then proceeds to tackling quantum mechanical ensembles. Next, the selection discusses the the ergodic theorem in quantum statistical mechanics and probability quantum ergodic theorems. The selection also details H-theorems and kinetic equations in classical and quantum statistical mechanics. The book will be of great interest to students, researchers, and practitioners of physics, chemistry, and engineering.

  • Terrestrial Propagation of Long Electromagnetic Waves

    International Series of Monographs in Electromagnetic Waves
    • 1st Edition
    • Janis Galejs
    • A. L. Cullen + 2 more
    • English
    Terrestrial Propagation of Long Electromagnetic Waves deals with the propagation of long electromagnetic waves confined principally to the shell between the earth and the ionosphere, known as the terrestrial waveguide. The discussion is limited to steady-state solutions in a waveguide that is uniform in the direction of propagation. Wave propagation is characterized almost exclusively by mode theory. The mathematics are developed only for sources at the ground surface or within the waveguide, including artificial sources as well as lightning discharges. This volume is comprised of nine chapters and begins with an introduction to the fundamental concepts of wave propagation in a planar and curved isotropic waveguide. A number of examples are presented to illustrate the effects of an anisotropic ionosphere. The basic equations are summarized and plane-wave reflection from a dielectric interface is considered, along with the superposition of two obliquely incident plane waves. The properties of waveguide boundaries are implicitly represented by Fresnel reflection coefficients. Subsequent chapters focus on boundaries of the terrestrial guide; lightning discharges as a natural source of extremely-low-freque... and very-low-frequency radiation; and the mode theory for waves in an isotropic spherical shell. This book will be a useful resource for students and practitioners of physics.

  • Nonlinear Electron-Wave Interaction Phenomena

    • 1st Edition
    • Joseph E. Rowe
    • Henry G. Booker + 1 more
    • English
    Nonlinear Electron-Wave Interaction Phenomena explores the interaction between drifting streams of charged particles and propagating electromagnetic waves. Of particular concern are the situations in which the wave amplitude is large and there is strong coupling between the charged fluid and the wave. Emphasis is placed on those devices that utilize a defined injected stream of some type. Particle and electromagnetic wave velocities both small and comparable to the velocity of light are considered. Comprised of 16 chapters, this book begins with an introduction to the various classes of devices in which the drifting stream (charged fluid) is composed of electrons and/or ions coupled to a slow electromagnetic wave over an extended region. The discussion then turns to Eulerian versus Lagrangian formulation and radio-frequency equivalent circuits, along with space-charge-field expressions. Subsequent chapters focus on the interaction mechanisms in klystrons, traveling-wave amplifiers, and O-type backward-wave oscillators, as well as crossed-field forward- and backward-wave amplifiers, and traveling-wave energy converters. The book also evaluates multibeam and beam-plasma interactions; phase focusing of electron bunches; pre-bunched electron beams; collector depression techniques; and modulation characteristics. This monograph is designed to serve both as a research monograph for workers in the fields of microwave electron and plasma devices and as a text for advanced graduate students.

  • Organic Thin Films and Surfaces: Directions for The Nineties

    Directions for the Nineties
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 20
    • Abraham Ulman
    • English
    Physics of Thin Films has been one of the longest running continuing series in thin film science consisting of 20 volumes since 1963. The series contains some of the highest quality studies of the properties ofvarious thin films materials and systems.In order to be able to reflect the development of todays science and to cover all modern aspects of thin films, the series, beginning with Volume 20, will move beyond the basic physics of thin films. It will address the most important aspects of both inorganic and organic thin films, in both their theoretical as well as technological aspects. Therefore, in order to reflect the modern technology-oriented problems, the title has been slightly modified from Physics of Thin Films to Thin Films.Edited by Abraham Ulman, Organic Thin Films and Surfaces: Directions for the Nineties will be the first volume to link two dynamic areas in the physical sciences--organic thin films and surface science. Contributions from leading experts in the field cover a range of important topics on the processing, characterization, and applications of organic thin films.

  • Physics of Thin Films

    Advances in Research and Development
    • 1st Edition
    • Georg Hass + 2 more
    • English
    Physics of Thin Films: Advances in Research and Development, Volume 12 reviews advances that have been made in research and development concerning the physics of thin films. This volume covers a wide range of preparative approaches, physics phenomena, and applications related to thin films. This book is comprised of four chapters and begins with a discussion on metal coatings and protective layers for front surface mirrors used at various angles of incidence from the ultraviolet to the far infrared. Thin-film materials and deposition conditions suitable for minimizing reflectance changes with angle of incidence are described, along with novel oxide protective coatings with enhanced chemical stability and mechanical durability. The next chapter offers a comprehensive treatment of photoemissive materials. After giving a rather detailed review of the physics of photoemission, the main classes of thin-film photoemitters, including Ag-O-Cs, alkali antimonides, and negative-electron affinity photocathodes, are considered. A description of field-assisted cathodes potentially suitable for wavelengths beyond 1.1 micrometers, such as transferred-electron structures and field-emission arrays, is also given. The reader is then introduced to spray pyrolysis and the solution growth technique for chemical solution deposition of inorganic films. This text concludes with a chapter on plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition of thin films, paying particular attention to the experimental conditions required for a range of element and compound materials as well as some of the unusual film properties and structures achieved by this approach. This monograph will be useful to students and practitioners of physics, especially those interested in thin films.

  • Theory of Fully Ionized Plasmas

    • 1st Edition
    • Günter Ecker
    • English
    Theory of Fully Ionized Plasmas deals with the theory of fully ionized plasmas, with emphasis on their resistant groups, namely, electrons and nuclei. A model of the fully ionized plasma is presented based in part on the assumption that the system is sufficiently large so that the behavior of its individuals is not affected by the presence of boundaries. Where this assumption is applied the fully ionized plasma is called a Coulomb system. Comprised of six chapters, this book begins with a discussion on the Coulomb system as the fully ionized system in the quasi-static electromagnetic field. The equilibrium and non-equilibrium states of this Coulomb system, with or without individual particle correlations, are considered. The macroscopic and microscopic qualities of the Coulomb system are also described, together with its partition function and Landau's solution to the Vlasov equation. The second part explores the fully ionized system in the general electromagnetic field and addresses single-particle radiation and many-particle interactions with electromagnetic fields. This monograph is intended for graduate students and research workers in the field of plasma physics, astrophysics, or related topics.

  • Electromagnetic Clutches and Couplings

    International Series of Monographs on Electronics and Instrumentation
    • 1st Edition
    • T. M. Vorob'Yeva + 1 more
    • D. W. Fry + 1 more
    • English
    Electromagnetic Clutches and Couplings contains a detailed description of U.S.S.R. electromagnetic friction clutches, magnetic couplings, and magnetic particle couplings. This book is divided into four chapters. The first chapter discusses the design and construction of magnetic (solenoid-operated) couplings, which are very quick-acting devices and used in low power high-speed servo-systems. Chapter 2 describes the possible fields of application, design, construction, and utilization of magnetic particle couplings. The aspects of construction, design, and utilization of induction clutches (slip clutches), which provide the solution to the problems of speed control with ventilator loads, are covered in Chapters 3 and 4. The last chapters also include a brief discussion on the construction, design, and application of hysteresis and capacitor couplings. This publication provides a valuable background to the design or selection of many electromagnetic clutches and couplings, which is beneficial to readers intending to find the appropriate type of device for particular purposes and performance.

  • High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • J. W. Emsley + 2 more
    • English
    High Resolution Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Volume 2 provides a comprehensive coverage of the theories and methods for analysis of high resolution spectra. The title also presents a discourse on other variables that affect the spectra. The text first details the correlations of 1H resonance spectral parameters with molecular structure, and then proceeds to tackling the 19F nuclear magnetic resonance studies. Next, the selection deals with the NMR spectra of nuclei other than hydrogen fluoride. The text also provides data sets, such as nuclear properties, T-values, and chemical shifts. The book will be of great use to scientists who utilize nuclear magnetic resonance in their work.

  • Calculational Methods for Interacting Arrays of Fissile Material

    International Series of Monographs in Nuclear Energy
    • 1st Edition
    • A. F. Thomas + 1 more
    • D. J. Silverleaf
    • English
    Calculational Methods for Interacting Arrays of Fissile Material describes the methods used in assessing the criticality safety of interacting arrays of fissile materials. It demonstrates that the behavior of neutrons in an array can be divided into two parts which can, to a large extent, be treated independently. These are the neutron multiplication within units of the array and the transmission of neutrons between units. For the former the usual methods of neutron physics are applicable but used so as to place emphasis on the neutrons entering and leaving the unit. The latter is mainly a geometrical problem, being entirely so for an air-spaced array. This volume is comprised of four chapters and begins with an introduction to the practical aspects of the interaction problem affecting arrays of fissile materials. The discussion then turns to simple ""hand"" methods of calculation, paying particular attention to the general equilibrium conditions in interacting arrays, along with the Oak Ridge method, the Interaction Parameter method, and the PQR method. Finally, the application of Monte Carlo method to the study of the neutron economy of entire arrays is considered in terms of one particular computer code called GEM. The basis of neutron tracking in critical size calculations by GEM is analyzed. This book will be a valuable resource for nuclear engineers and scientists.

  • Batteries 2

    Research and Development in Non-Mechanical Electrical Power Sources
    • 1st Edition
    • D. H. Collins
    • English
    Batteries 2: Research and Development in Non-Mechanical Electrical Power Sources provides information pertinent to the selection and operation of power source. This book focuses on the progress and further development in battery design. Organized into 38 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the metallurgical properties of a positive grid alloy as well as the properties of dispersion-strengthe... lead. This text then explains the voltage maximum as being resistance polarization. Other chapters consider the standard heat of activation for the rate-determining step at the reversible potential and explain the difficulties of predicting the orbital performance of solar cells from terrestrial measurements. This book discusses as well the chemical changes occurring during the manufacture and life of lead–acid batteries. The final chapter deals with the mechanism of the processes that occur in fuel cells. This book is a valuable resource for chemical, electrical, telecommunications, electrochemical, and automotive engineers.

  • Nuclear Shell Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Amos de-Shalit + 1 more
    • H. S. W. Massey
    • English
    Nuclear Shell Theory is a comprehensive textbook dealing with modern methods of the nuclear shell model. This book deals with the mathematical theory of a system of Fermions in a central field. It is divided into three parts. Part I discusses the single particle shell model. The second part focuses on the tensor algebra, two-particle systems. The last part covers three or more particle systems. Chapters on wave functions in a central field, tensor fields, and the m-Scheme are also presented. Physicists, graduate students, and teachers of nuclear physics will find the book invaluable.

  • Braced Frameworks

    An Introduction to the Theory of Structures
    • 2nd Edition
    • E. W. Parkes
    • B. G. Neal
    • English
    Braced Frameworks: An Introduction to the Theory of Structures, Second Edition is a five-chapter book that first underlines the basic concepts in braced frameworks. Braced frameworks are a particular type of construction that has application in almost every branch of engineering. The book also explains the statically determinate trusses and redundant trusses. Secondary stresses and the failure of braced frameworks are also addressed. This text lastly describes the design of a braced framework to perform certain specified functions. This book will be very useful to students engaged in various branches of engineering since the ideas incorporated in this book are applicable to all kinds of structural systems.

  • Frequency Modulation Theory

    Application to Microwave Links
    • 1st Edition
    • Jacques Fagot + 1 more
    • D. W. Fry + 1 more
    • English
    Electronic and Instrumentation, Volume 11: Frequency Modulation Theory: Application to Microwave Links covers the theoretical principles of microwave beam technique. This five-chapter text particularly discusses the propagation of the waves used, frequency modulation, and noise and sundry distortions liable to arise either in the course of propagation, in the equipment, and in the methods used for the transmission of the information. Chapter 1 examines the transfer of the radio-frequency energy over a given path. This chapter describes the properties of propagation of radio waves, including metric, decimetric and centimetric, through the troposphere. Chapter 2 concerns all the general problems of frequency modulation, while chapter 3 deals with the propagation distortion, which is apparent in a variable-velocity guided transmission channel, and, which appears on an echoing path either in free space, or over a badly matched feeder. Chapter 4 discusses the complete problem of telephony and television transmissions over radio links. This chapter also considers in detail the requisite conditions for meeting the international standards. Chapter 5 deals with all the applied techniques, with an emphasis on radio link equipment. This book will be of great value to students and non-specialized and specialized engineers who wish to become familiar with microwave beam technique.

  • Plasma Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation

    • 1st Edition
    • John Sheffield
    • English
    Plasma Scattering of Electromagnetic Radiation covers the theory and experimental application of plasma scattering. The book discusses the basic properties of a plasma and of the interaction of radiation with a plasma; the relationship between the scattered power spectrum and the fluctuations in plasma density; and the incoherent scattering of low-temperature plasma. The text also describes the constraints and problems that arise in the application of scattering as a diagnostic technique; the characteristic performance of various dispersion elements, image dissectors, and detectors; and the general scattered spectrum for an unmagnetized, low-temperature, quasi-equilibrium plasma. The application of the general scattered spectrum for a magnetized plasma; the scattering from a high-temperature plasma; and the scattering from unstable plasmas are also encompassed. Plasma physicists and people involved in the study of electromagnetic radiation will find the book invaluable.

  • Solid State Video Cameras

    Epo Applied Technology Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Y. Cristol
    • English
    Solid State Video Cameras reviews the state of the art in the field of solid-state television cameras as compiled from patent literature. Organized into 10 chapters, the book begins with the basic array types of solid-state imagers and appropriate read-out circuits and methods. Documents relating to improvement of picture quality, such as spurious signal suppression, uniformity correction, or resolution enhancement, are also cited. The last part considerssolid-state color cameras.

  • Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Surface Vibrations

    • 1st Edition
    • H. Ibach + 1 more
    • English
    Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy and Surface Vibrations is devoted to electron energy loss spectroscopy as a probe of the crystal surface. Electrons with energy in the range of a few electron volts sample only a few atomic layers. As they approach or exit from the crystal, they interact with the vibrational modes of the crystal surface, or possibly with other elementary excitations localized there. The energy spectrum of electrons back-reflected from the surface is thus a rich source of information on its dynamics. The book opens with a detailed analysis of the physics that controls the operation of the monochromator, which is the core of the experimental apparatus. Separate chapters follow on the interaction of electrons with vibrational modes of the surface region and with other elementary excitations in the vicinity; the lattice dynamics of clean and adsorbate-covered surfaces, with emphasis on those features of particular relevance to surface vibrational spectroscopy; and selected applications vibration spectroscopy in surface physics and chemistry.

  • The Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Multiconductor Transmission Lines

    International Series of Monographs on Electromagnetic Waves
    • 1st Edition
    • P. I. Kuznetsov + 1 more
    • L. A. G. Dresel
    • English
    The Propagation of Electromagnetic Waves in Multiconductor Transmission Lines presents the study of the problems relating to the propagation of electromagnetic waves along multi-conductor transmission line. This book examines the theoretical investigations into the propagation of electromagnetic waves in transmission line systems involving two or more conductors. Organized into 12 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the rigorous method based on Maxwell's equations for solving the basic problem in the theory of the steady-state propagation of electromagnetic waves in a multi-conductor system. This text then examines the significant practical problem of determining the electromagnetic fields of symmetrical and non-symmetrical two-wire lines in free space. Other chapters consider the methods of calculating the parameters of non-uniform lines. This book discusses as well the problem of transient electromagnetic processes in a multi-conductor system. The final chapter deals with the asymptotic representation of cylindrical functions of two-imaginary variables. Electrical engineers will find this book useful.

  • Thermodynamics of Point Defects and Their Relation with Bulk Properties

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 14
    • P.A. Varotsos + 1 more
    • S Amelinckx
    • English
    Defects in Solids, Volume 14: Thermodynamics of Point Defects and Their Relation with Bulk Properties focuses on the methodologies, approaches, and reactions involved in the study of point defects in solids. The book first offers information on thermodynamic functions and formation of vacancies. Topics include parameters from the comparison with isochoric perfect crystal; relation between isobaric and isochoric parameters; temperature dependence of thermodynamic functions of solids; and statistical approach to vacancy parameters. The text then ponders on the formation of other point defects, migration, and thermodynamics of specific heat. The publication explains the analysis of experiments yielding defect parameters, including X-ray parameters, analysis of specific heat measurements, and ionic conductivity and reorientation of dipoles. The text also takes a look at mixed alkali and silver halides, explanation of empirical laws, as well as explanation of the empirical laws connecting activation entropy and enthalpy to the activation volume and variation of the bulk modulus with composition. The selection is a dependable reference for scientists and geophysicists interested in the thermodynamics of point defects.

  • Some Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity

    Volume 1
    • 1st Edition
    • N. N. Semenov
    • English
    Some Problems of Chemical Kinetics and Reactivity, Volume 1 consists of calculations on radical and radical chain reactions. The subject bond dissociation energies are fully discussed. The concept of uniradical reactivities is comprehensively explained. Isomerizations are a class of radical reactions in which the free valency takes another bond in the same radical. The text provides sample of experiments on the subject. The book contains a section on polar factors in organic reactions. Polymerizations are another concept covered in the book. Subjects such as the reactions of biradicals, the start and end of a chain reaction, and ions of variable valency are explained. A separate chapter of the book focuses on the kinetics of chain reactions. The cracking of hydrocarbons such as the alkane is analyzed in detail. The oxidation of hydrocarbons is another topic explained in the book. The text will provide excellent insight for chemists, students, and researchers in the field of chemistry.

  • Physical Processes in Radiation Biology

    Proceedings of an International Symposium Sponsored by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and Held at the Kellogg Center for Continuing Education, Michigan State University, on May 6 – 8, 1963
    • 1st Edition
    • Leroy Augenstein + 2 more
    • English
    Physical Processes in Radiation Biology covers the proceedings of an International Symposium on Physical Processes in Radiation Biology, held at the Kellogg Center for Continuing Education, Michigan State University on May 6-8, 1963, sponsored by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission. The symposium aims to address the core problems of radiation biology concerning the absorption, distribution, and utilization of high energy packets in biological systems. This book is composed of 21 chapters, and begins with an introduction to the absorption, excitation, and transfer processes in molecular solids. The subsequent chapters discuss the nature of exciton processes; the mechanisms of charge transport in biological materials; the interactions of fast and slow electrons with model systems; the importance of liquid structures in determining the development of radiation damage; and the nature of the metastable species formed. The concluding chapters explore the importance of charge migration in energy transfer processes in different biological systems and the significance of higher excited levels in charge migration and energy transfer. These chapters also describe the nature of the hydration of electrons and protons in aqueous systems. This book will be of great value to radiation biologists, biophysicists, physical chemists, and physicists.

  • Tables of IGY Monthly Median Ionospheric Data

    Annals of The International Geophysical Year, Vol. 17
    • 1st Edition
    • W. J. G. Beynon + 1 more
    • English
    Annals of the International Geophysical Year, Volume 17: Tables of IGY Monthly Median Ionospheric Data: Part IV is the fourth of six volumes of l.G.Y. data containing tables of monthly median values of ionospheric characteristics for the period July 1957-January 1959 inclusive. The data are extracted from booklets, bulletins and data summaries of many kinds which have been prepared at ionospheric observatories and sent to one of the Discipline V World Data Centers at Boulder, Moscow, Slough, and Tokyo. This volume is composed of 21 chapters representing the stations, which are arranged in alphabetical order. The tables for each station are preceded by some of the more important information relating to the station. This information is taken from the Ionospheric Stations Manual (U.S.R.I., 1958) that also contains hourly values of cos X and many other useful data. Both the U.R.S.I, three letter code and the C.S.A.G.I. number have been included in the tables to facilitate reference either to the Ionospheric Stations Manual or to Annals of the I.G.Y. Volume VII. This book will be of value to geophysicists, researchers, and workers in the allied fields.

  • Visual Optics and the Optical Space Sense

    • 1st Edition
    • Hugh Davson
    • English
    The Eye, Volume 4: Visual Optics and the Optical Space Sense provides a well-integrated and authoritative account of the physiology of the eye. The book is organized into two parts. Part I on visual optics begins with a discussion of the branches of optics and the basic principles of geometrical optics. This is followed by separate chapters on refraction at plane and spherical surfaces; the thin spherical lens in air; reflexion at plane and spherical surfaces; the astigmatic lens; aberrations of optical images; ametropia and its correction; and retinoscopy and ophthalmoscopy. Part II on the optical space sense includes discusses of objective and subjective space; spatial localization according to direction; perception of distance and of size; spatial localization through binocular vision; special topics in binocular spatial localization; and ocular dominance and binocular retinal rivalry. Whilst the emphasis has been on readability rather than exhaustiveness, the various accounts are sufficiently well documented to make the treatise valuable not only to teachers in physiology, psychology and ophthalmology, but also to research workers in all branches of ocular physiology.

  • The Observation of Atomic Collisions in Crystalline Solids

    • 1st Edition
    • R. S. Nelson
    • S. Amelinckx + 2 more
    • English
    The Observation of Atomic Collisions in Crystalline Solids presents a critical account of the more important experiments which have provided the basis for a better understanding of atomic collision phenomena in crystalline solids. Collisions have been divided into two artificial regimes; primary collisions which deal with the interaction of the incident particles with the solid, and secondary collisions which deal with those events which occur as a result of lattice atoms recoiling from primary encounters. Although the book is intended principally for the experimentalist some simple theoretical models have been introduced. It is hoped that the book will provide a useful introduction to the subject of atomic collisions in solids for the post-graduate research student, as well as providing a collection of the most important experimental data for established scientists actively engaged in the field. It is also intended to provide a background for the technologist engaged in such fields as the ion implantation doping of semiconductors.

  • Landau

    A Great Physicist and Teacher
    • 1st Edition
    • A. Livanova + 1 more
    • English
    A biography of Lev Landau, one of the greatest Soviet theoretical physicists, whose career was cut short by a catastrophic car accident in 1962 and who was still only sixty when he died six years later. He won the Nobel Prize 'for pioneering work on the theory of the condensed state of matter, particularly liquid helium'. But the book shows that Landau's characterisation of himself as 'one of the last of the universal men of theoretical physics' was fully justified. Clearly and concisely it describes his achievements in all areas of theoretical physics from hydrodynamics to the quantum theory of fields. Attention is also paid to his genius as a teacher and mentor of young scientists, and throughout the book the true humanity of the man is evident

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