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Elsevier

Books in Psychology

Elsevier's Psychology collection is vital for students and psychologists, providing a thorough understanding of the mind and behavior. Covering human thought, development, personality, emotion, and motivation, it offers insights into both theoretical and practical aspects. Through topics like cognitive, developmental, and clinical psychology, it equips researchers and students to address real-world challenges and advance their understanding of the field.

  • Lay Theories

    Everyday Understanding of Problems in the Social Sciences
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 17
    • Michael Argyle
    • English
    Lay theories - the informal, common-sense explanations people give for particular social behaviours - are often very different from formal 'scientific' explanations of what actually happens. While they have been studied in the past, this is the first attempt to review, in detail, the nature of these beliefs. More specifically, it is the first study to consider such fundamental questions as the structure, aetiology, stability and consequence of lay theories about a range of topics. Each chapter covers a different area, such as psychology, psychiatry, medicine, economics, statistics, law and education.

  • Emotion in the Human Face

    Guidelines for Research and an Integration of Findings
    • 1st Edition
    • Paul Ekman + 2 more
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Emotion in the Human Face: Guidelines for Research and an Integration of Findings reviews research findings about the link between the face and emotion and provides some guidelines for study of this complicated but intriguing phenomenon. Some of the conceptual ambiguities that have hindered research and the methodological decisions that must be made in planning research on the face and emotion are discussed. How past investigators handled these matters is presented critically, and a set of standards is offered. This book is comprised of 21 chapters and begins with an overview of questions about how the face provides information about emotion, with emphasis on evidence based on scientific research (largely in psychology). The reader is then introduced to conceptual ambiguities and methodological decisions related to research on the face-emotion connection (including sampling), along with some important research findings. In particular, emotion categories and dimensions that observers can judge on the basis of facial behavior are analyzed, and whether such judgments can be accurate. The similarities and differences in facial behavior across cultures are also considered, along with the relative contribution of facial behavior and contextual information to the judgment of emotion. This monograph is intended primarily for students of psychology, anthropology, ethology, sociology, and biology, as well as those planning or already conducting research on the face.

  • Mental Health Issues and the Urban Poor

    Pergamon General Psychology Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Dorothy Alita Evans + 1 more
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Mental Health Issues and the Urban Poor is a collection of papers presented at the Third Annual Symposium on Current Issues in Community-Clinical Psychology: Mental Health Issues and the Urban Poor, held at the University of Maryland, in March 1973. This book presents the relevance of mental health theory and technology to problems in coping faced by the urban poor. Comprised of five parts, the book first highlights the trends and issues concerning mental health and poverty. It then discusses existing perspectives on values, theory, and research and illustrates models for mental health action aimed at alleviating the problems of the urban poor. This text also provides examples of training and service programs in mental health professions. This book is valuable to mental health professionals interested in fresh and realistic perspectives on mental health services provided to the poor.

  • Conduct Disorders in Youth

    • 1st Edition
    • Lourens Schlebusch
    • English
    Conduct Disorders in Youth deals with the maladaptive behavior, delinquency and other forms of waywardness in youth. It features significant contributions from the research literature relating to the subject in general and to the South African situation in particular. This book is organized into three main parts. The chapters evaluate the usefulness of some psychological tests such as the I PAT Anxiety Scale Questionnaire, the Children's Personality Questionnaire (CPQ) and the High School Personality Questionnaire (HSPQ) as diagnostic instruments. They also provide an inventory of behavioral characteristics that can help in identifying symptoms of conduct disorders. This book also features a detailed discussion of two clinical case histories to exemplify the main points formulated in the text. This book will be of interest to students reading for degrees and diplomas in psychology, education, psychiatry, social work, psychiatric nursing, sociology and criminology.

  • Progress in Behavior Modification

    Volume 19
    • 1st Edition
    • Michel Hersen + 2 more
    • English
    Progress in Behavior Modification, Volume 19 covers the developments in the study of behavior modification. The book discusses neuropsychology and behavior therapy; the progress in parent training; and the nature and measurement of agoraphobia. The text also describes childhood and adolescent obesity, with emphasis on the progress in behavioral assessment and treatment; the conceptualization, assessment, and intervention in fire emergencies; and behavioral pediatrics. The assessment of anorexia nervosa and bulimia is also considered. Psychologists, psychiatrists, and pediatricians will find the book invaluable.

  • Emotions and Bodily Responses

    A Psychophysiological Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • James L McGaugh
    • English
    Emotions and Bodily Responses: A Psychophysiological Approach is an introduction to the principles of psychophysiology as they relate to bodily responses and emotions. The emphasis is on the study of human subjects and on those bodily responses (heart rate, blood pressure, blood volume, electrodermal responses, muscle tension, brain waves) that can be measured from the periphery of the body without the use of invasive techniques. Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of some basic physiological principles and recording techniques, followed by a discussion on some of the types of stimuli that cause changes in bodily responses. Subsequent chapters explore individual differences in personality and emotional factors and relate them to differences in physiological responses; how differences in bodily responses are related to the major forms of psychopathology; the link between bodily responses and behavioral performance; and general states such as sleep and stress in relation to bodily responses. Bodily responses that accompany psychosomatic illnesses are also considered, along with the modification of bodily responses by various learning techniques, including Pavlovian conditioning and biofeedback training. The final chapter is devoted to the application of bodily responses to the detection of deception. This monograph is written for students, clinicians, and researchers who would like to become familiar with the basic methods, data, and concepts that relate bodily responses to emotional states.

  • Auditory Perception

    A New Synthesis
    • 1st Edition
    • Richard M. Warren
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Auditory Perception: A New Synthesis focuses on the effort to show the connections between key areas in hearing. The book offers a review of classical problems, and then presents interpretations and evidence of this topic. A short introduction to the physical nature of sound and the way sound is transmitted and changed within the ear is provided. The book discusses the importance of being able to identify the source of a sound, and then presents processes in this regard. The text provides information on the organs involved in the identification of sound and discusses pitch and infrapitch and the manner by which their loudness can be measured. Scales are presented to show the loudness of sound. The relationship of hearing with other senses is also discussed. The text also outlines how speech is produced, taking into consideration the organs involved in the process. The book is a valuable source of data for research scientists and other professionals who are involved in hearing and speech.

  • Gender Influences in Classroom Interaction

    • 1st Edition
    • Louise Cherry Wilkinson + 1 more
    • English
    Educational Psychology Series: Gender Influences in Classroom Interaction compiles papers presented at a conference funded by the National Institute of Education and held at the Wisconsin Center for Education Research, University of Wisconsin—Madison in October 1983. This book focuses on the interactional influences that may be related to differential classroom experiences for females and males. A diversity of issues that have a bearing on gender-related influences, such as contextual factors and teacher and student characteristics, from both theoretical and empirical perspectives are also deliberated. This compilation is addressed primarily to researchers, but is also useful to teachers, educational policy makers, and others who want to insure every child, regardless of gender or other status, the opportunity of a rewarding and challenging education.

  • The Psychology of Dental Care

    Dental Handbooks
    • 2nd Edition
    • G.G. Kent + 1 more
    • English
    The Psychology of Dental Care, Second Edition provides information pertinent to the sociological aspects of dentistry. This book discusses the needs of patients who require particular forms of care, thereby helping the general dental practitioner to deal with nervous patients and enhance communication skills. Organized into seven chapters, this edition begins with an overview of some of the problems that dentists encounter in managing patients. This text then explains the importance of preventive care in oral health, which includes both educational and motivational approaches. Other chapters provide suggestions for designing a preventive program that can be adapted for the use of individual patients. This book discusses as well the various ways of measuring pain, which is important for the understanding of psychological approaches to pain relief. The final chapter deals with the dentist's attitudes, behavior, and personality that are important for the understanding of dental care. This book is a valuable resource for dentists and psychologists.

  • Methods and Evaluation in Clinical and Counseling Psychology

    Pergamon General Psychology Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Theodore C. Kahn + 2 more
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Methods and Evaluation in Clinical and Counseling Psychology discusses the many-sided problems that psychology faces, as well as contributions psychology can make in many areas of human concern. This book reviews methods, tests, and therapeutic techniques that represent psychology. The future role of psychology as a profession is also elaborated. Other topics covered include measurement of individual differences; impressionistic-proj... approaches; culture-minimized intelligence tests; and Rorschach test and emotional growth. The behavioral disorders; Kahn test of symbol arrangement; forensic psychiatry; and determining cerebral dominance are likewise deliberated. This text also considers the cognitive approaches; hominological therapy; theories of vocational guidance; and clinical psychology and law. This publication is beneficial to practicing psychologists and other professions that deal with human welfare—social workers, correctional workers, and those who are employed in the various specialties of medicine, law, ministry, and education.

  • Communicating by Telephone

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 15
    • Michael Argyle
    • English
    This book examines the contribution which social psychology has made to telecommunications, and in turn considers how telecommunications have contributed to social psychology. The emphasis throughout is on experimental research and theory. The history and development of the telephone is discussed, with particular attention paid to its uses and effectiveness, especially in interviewing and surveys, crisis intervention and counselling, and conferences and teaching. The theoretical background to the main arguments of the book are introduced, concentrating on non-verbal communication, especially looking, eye-contact, seeing and cuelessness. Outcome research, in particular the transmission of information and problem solving, persuasion and person perception is discussed. Process is also explored, including the content and style of interactions. The concluding section examines recent research on teaching and learning by telephone.

  • Eye Movements from Physiology to Cognition

    Selected/Edited Proceedings of the Third European Conference on Eye Movements, Dourdan, France, September 1985
    • 1st Edition
    • J.K. O'Regan + 1 more
    • English
    Eye movement research from a range of disciplines is presented in this book. Contributions from all over the world examine theoretical and applied aspects of eye movements, including classical biocybernetic models, physiology, pathology, ocular exploration, reading, ergonomics/human factors, and microcomputer calibration techniques.

  • Psychology of the Americas

    Mestizo Perspectives on Personality and Mental Health
    • 1st Edition
    • Manuel Ramirez
    • Arnold P. Goldstein
    • English
    Psychology of the Americas: Mestizo Perspectives on Personality and Mental Health presents the framework for a personality psychology and psychiatry of the Americas. This framework is based on the mestizo world view, a perspective that emerged from sociopolitical events which are unique to the development of many of the nations of the Americas. The word "mestizo" refers to the synthesis of native American and European people, cultures, and life styles. This book is divided into nine chapters and starts with a discussion of the concepts and principles of developmental, personality, community, and clinical psychology/psychiatr... which are reflected in the cultures of the indigenous peoples of North and South America, as well as the Caribbean. Considerable chapters offer some models that are based on the paradigms of diversity and synthesis, specifically a values/belief systems-cognitive styles framework based on research that has explored the relationship between traditionalism-moder... and cognitive styles. The specific models focus on individual development of pluralistic identities, the mental health of families coping with acculturation stress, person-environment fit of migrating individuals who are mismatched with institutions and agencies of the community, and on intergroup and international relations in situations of conflict. The remaining chapters deal with the tenets and assumptions of a psychology and psychiatry, including theories and approaches which differ in many respects from the European world view-based personality psychology and psychiatry of the past. This book is of value to psychologists, psychiatrists, researchers, and students.

  • Advances in the Psychology of Religion

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 11
    • Michael Argyle
    • English
    This collection of previously unpublished papers, written by well known researchers in the psychology of religion, is unique in its broad coverage and in its comparison between quite different and strictly theoretical perspectives. The subjects range from theoretical analyses of social science perspectives on religion and its methods, to reports of experimental, correlational or descriptive studies of religious experience and attitudes. The emphasis throughout is on the directions in which this work might move in the future.

  • The Neural Control of Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard E. Whalen + 2 more
    • English
    The Neural Control of Behavior contains some of the material presented and discussed at the first interdisciplinary conference on the neural control of behavior, held at the Department of Psychobiology of the University of California, Irvine in June 1968. The compendium presents papers prepared by scientists from a variety of disciplines, which touched upon the primary concerns of psychobiology. Main topics covered include neural mechanisms, evoked responses and network dynamics, perceptual mechanisms, and behavioral and cellular responses to novel and repeated stimuli. Hypothalamic mechanisms for motivational and species-typical behavior, learning and memory, and the behavior of hippocampal neurons during conditioning experiments are also discussed. Psychologists, neurologists, and psychobiologists will find the book very insightful.

  • Chicano Psychology

    • 2nd Edition
    • Joe L. Martinez Jr. + 1 more
    • English
    Chicano Psychology, Second Edition consists of five parts, separating a total of 19 chapters, beginning with a brief overview of the history of psychology, first in Spain, and then in pre-Columbian Mexico. This overview is followed by a few summary statements of the transportation of psychology from Spain to Mexico, and the eventual development of psychology as an academic discipline in modern Mexico. This edition tackles the developments within Chicano psychology. Subsequent chapters focus on foundations for a Chicano psychology, sociocultural variability, psychological disorder among Chicanos, and social psychology. Last three chapters examine bilingualism from the standpoint of several issues involving Chicanos. This book will be of interest to both scientist and student working in the areas of cross-cultural psychology, race relations, psychological anthropology, Chicano studies, and bilingual education.

  • Studies in Machiavellianism

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard Christie + 1 more
    • Leon Festinger + 1 more
    • English
    Studies in Machiavellianism covers the various aspects of Machiavellian personality and characteristics. Traditionally, the "Machiavellian" is someone who views and manipulates others for his own purposes. This 17-chapter text discusses the empirical findings on approved canons of social psychological reporting concerning Machiavellianism. The introductory chapters examine the relationships between Machiavellianism and measures of ability, opinion, and personality, as well as the visual interaction in relation to Machiavellianism and an unethical act. The succeeding chapters discuss the results and implications of the Machiavel study, with a particular emphasis on the measure of success of attempts to manipulate others. Other chapters deal with the results of the Con and Ten Dollar Games along with their interpretation. The remaining chapters discuss the laboratory and field research studies of Machiavellianism, as well as its social correlation. This book will prove useful to social psychologist, behaviorists, historians, and researchers.

  • Critical Essays on Psychoanalysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Stanley Rachman
    • English
    Critical Essays on Psychoanalysis focuses on the processes, methodologies, and interventions on psychoanalysis. The selection first offers information on the psychoanalytic phenomena, including anxiety, irritability, resistance, neurosis, and dream analysis. The book also elaborates on psychoanalysis and the principles of scientific psychoanalysis. Discussions focus on the effects of psychotherapy, behaviorist account of neuroses, personal and cultural biases, compartmentalization of personality, and concepts of intuition. The text examines infant care and personality and prognosis in unpsychoanalyzed recovery from neuroses, as well as practical and theoretical implications and features of infant care. The publication also discusses the etiology and treatment of children’s phobias and multiple personality. Topics include behavior therapy, inversion and non-acceptance, psychoanalytic evidence, and reinterpretation of psychoanalytic cases. The selection is a vital source of data for readers interested in psychoanalysis.

  • Progress in Behavior Modification

    Volume 16
    • 1st Edition
    • Michel Hersen + 2 more
    • English
    Progress in Behavior Modification, Volume 16 covers the developments in the study of behavior modification. The book discusses pediatric behavioral medicine, with focus on directions in treatment and prevention; the prevention of teenage pregnancy; and the cognitive treatment of phobia. The text also describes the behavioral approaches to gerontology; behavioral geriatrics; behavioral pediatrics; and the role of health education in pediatric primary care. The advances in behavioral treatment of obesity are also considered. Psychologists, psychiatrists, and pediatricians will find the book invaluable.

  • Handbook of Studies on Depression

    • 1st Edition
    • Graham D. Burrows
    • English
    Handbook of Studies on Depression is a collection of papers on the research and general overview of studies on depression from many countries of the world. Divided into four sections, the handbook presents an international coverage of depression, which is becoming a major worldwide clinical problem. Section I is a collection of studies in classification, phenomenology, etiology of depression, and the classification of depression and response to treatments. The genetic factors contributing to depression, effects on children, and the affective symptoms in non-western countries are described. Section II focuses on studies in the treatment of depression, examining the modes of actions of antidepressants, the use of electroconvulsive treatment, and psychosurgery for depressive illnesses. Section III moves forward to the research made on depression, including problems in clinical research, the discovery of effective antidepressant and antimanic drugs, and research into clinical psychoendocrinology, particularly on the function of the adrenal cortex in depression. Concluding this section is a paper on which depression includes a broad spectrum of psychopathology, making biological research more difficult. The last section is a discussion on the aspects of depression. Common topics examined are the management of bereavement; suicide; the side effects of tricyclic antidepressants on cardiac function; and the management of drug over dosage, especially those acts associated with depression. Psychologists, psychiatrists, medical students, school counselors, marriage guidance counselors, select members of the police force, and even parents who are interested in the subject of depression will find this handbook both useful and informative.

  • Child Without Tomorrow

    Pergamon General Psychology Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony M. Graziano
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Child Without Tomorrow is a description of the author's findings with severely emotionally disturbed children. It also aims to show that through proper and continuous intervention, disturbed children can be taught new, complex, and socially adaptive behavior. The book covers the preparation done in the study, the description of the children that were part of the study as well as the rationale why they were chosen, the planning and implementation done throughout the course of the study, the detailed record of the six-year project, starting from its conception up until its dissolution, its effects on the children and the progress they have made, and the steps that must be done in order for the children to continuously improve after the program. The text is not only for child psychologists, pediatricians, and special education teachers, but also for parents, teachers, and other lay people that deal with disturbed children, as the author believes that they can be trained as effective child-behavior therapists.

  • Pleasure, Reward, Preference

    Their Nature, Determinants, and Role in Behavior
    • 1st Edition
    • D. E. Berlyne + 1 more
    • English
    Pleasure, Reward, Preference: Their Nature, Determinants, and Role in Behavior covers the proceedings of a symposium by the same title, held at the Klarskovgaard Training Institute, near Korsør, Denmark, on June 5-9 1972, organized under the auspices of the Advisory Group on Human Factors of the Scientific Affairs Division of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. This book is composed of 11 chapters, and starts with a historical perspective and review of the principal problems related to understanding the principles of pleasure, reward, and preference. The next chapters explore neurophysiological research with animals and the human cognitive phenomena. These topics are followed by discussions of the concept of exploratory choice, verbal judgment, the law of effects and an adaptation-level model for affectivity and perception. The concluding chapters provide examples of behavioristic theories and describe a process model of motivation to understand the complexity of cognition and predictability of behavior. These chapters also tackle the role of pleasure and reward in human motivation and learning, as well as present a metascientific frame of motivation. This text will prove useful to psychologists, behaviorist, and researchers.

  • Prenatal Determinants of Behaviour

    International Series of Monographs in Experimental Psychology
    • 1st Edition
    • J. M. Joffe
    • H. J. Eysenck
    • English
    Prenatal Determinants of Behavior describes the methods of research on events in the maternal environment during gestation affecting the postnatal behavior of offspring by altering the intra-uterine environment of the fetus. This book is composed of 11 chapters that focus on methods of investigation rather than on substantive findings in the belief that progress in explaining behavior depends on researchers recognizing in the way in which they design experiments that behavior is determined by a multitude of complexly interacting events. After a brief introduction to the aspects of pregnancy, this book goes on examining the role of maternal influences and environmental factors, such as irradiation, drugs, hormone, and nutrition, on postnatal offspring behavior. The discussion then shifts to methods of altering the emotional state of a mother that affect her physiological condition indirectly. Other chapters survey the principles and experimentation of the genotype-environment interaction and its influence of offspring behavior. The last chapters deal with human studies concerning the influence of a variety of prenatal variable on the growth, health, and behavior of human offspring, including smoking, maternal environment, nutrition, diseases, X-rays, drugs, and stress. This book will be of great value to psychiatrists and medical professionals and students.

  • Methods in Psychobiology

    Specialized Laboratory Techniques in Neuropsychology and Neurobiology
    • 1st Edition
    • R. D. Myers
    • English
    Methods in Psychobiology, Volume 2, Specialized Laboratory Techniques in Neuropsychology and Neurobiology is intended for the beginning ""student"" in physiological, neuro-, bio-psychology, or whatever label one wishes to attach to the exciting interdisciplinary field which weds the brain and behavior. In contrast to Volume 1, somewhat more emphasis is given in the selection of topics to a number of difficult behavioral methods that are used frequently by individuals in the more traditional neurosciences. The book begins with a discussion of the measurement of behavioral activity. This is followed by separate chapters on techniques such as electric shock motivation; aversive learning; methods of assessing the behavioral effects of drugs; long-term intravenous infusions; and perfusion of different parts of the brain. Subsequent chapters deal with the assay of pharmacologically active substances; the split-brain technique; using microknives in brain lesion studies and the production of isolated brain-stem islands; the functional decortication technique; and recording evoked potentials.

  • Cognitive Consistency

    Motivational Antecedents and Behavioral Consequents
    • 1st Edition
    • Shel Feldman
    • English
    Cognitive Consistency: Motivational Antecedents and Behavioral presents the behavioral implications of the motivation for consistency. This book discusses the relationship between assumptions and motivation for consistency. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the area of study, empirical problems, and theoretical issues. This text then examines the nature of the motivation for consistency. Other chapters consider the effects of the formal aspects of cognitions. This book discusses as well the behavioral implications of consistency-seeking and the development of theories of cognitive consistency. The final chapter deals with the extent to which the motivation for consistency is based upon cognitive or social consideration. This book is a valuable resource for readers who are interested in attitude formation and change, in particular, and those interested in social psychology and communications, in general. Psychologists, communications specialists, researchers, and theorists working in the scope of the consistency theories will also find this book useful.

  • The Social Development of the Intellect

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 10
    • W. Doise + 4 more
    • Michael Argyle
    • English
    The definition of intelligence has become the object of many controversies - particularly about its nature and the causes of its development - with essential social implications at stake. To get out of this deadlock, the authors of this book propose a social conception of intelligence and of its development: they consider intelligence as resulting from the inter-individual coordinations of actions and judgements. They experimentally study how groups of children elaborate new cognitive tools which their members, taken individually, did not possess at the start, and how these cognitive tools are subsequently used by the child alone.

  • Cross-Cultural Counseling and Psychotherapy

    Pergamon General Psychology Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony J. Marsella + 1 more
    • English
    Cross-Cultural Counseling and Psychotherapy is a historical, conceptual, and applied resource for cross-cultural counseling and psychotherapy. This text is divided into four parts, wherein the first part sets the foundations of the field by discussing its history, issues, status, overview, and ethnicity and interactional rules. The second part evaluates the expectancy effects and process and outcome variables in cross-cultural counseling and psychotherapy, as well as drug and other therapies across cultures. The subsequent part emphasizes the ethnocultural considerations, featuring counseling African-Americans, Hispanic Americans, Japanese Americans, American Indians, and Alaskan natives. This book concludes by presenting the future perspectives of the field. This book will be very invaluable to counselors, psychotherapists, psychologists, and psychology students.

  • Progress in Behavior Modification

    Volume 11
    • 1st Edition
    • Michel Hersen + 2 more
    • English
    Progress in Behavior Modification, Volume 11 covers the developments in the study of behavior modification. The book discusses the pluralistic psychology of behavior change; the methodological issues in child behavior therapy; and the interpersonal-skills training with adolescents. The text also describes the behavior modification of work and work-related problems; the behavioral treatment of migraine and muscle-contraction headaches; and the modification of children's social withdrawal. An assessment of hyperactive children, with regard to the psychometric, methodological, and practical considerations, is considered. Psychologists, psychiatrists, and sociologists will find the book invaluable.

  • The Neuropsychology of Individual Differences

    • 1st Edition
    • Philip A. Vernon
    • English
    This handbook provides a comprehensive and up-to-date summary of neuropsychological approaches to the assessment and study of individual differences. The book covers individual differences in mental abilities such as intelligence, mental retardation, learning memory, language, and reading. In addition, it discusses neurological models of cognitive information processing individual differences in personality and temperament, and neuro-psychological approaches to the assessment of learning disabilities and psychopathological disorders.

  • Pitfalls in Human Research

    Ten Pivotal Points
    • 1st Edition
    • Theodore Xenophon Barber
    • Arnold P. Goldstein + 1 more
    • English
    Pitfalls in Human Research examines 10 ten pivotal points in human research where investigators and experimenters can go astray. Two questions are addressed: At what pivotal points in the complex research process can the experimental study go astray and give rise to misleading results and conclusions? What steps can researchers take to avoid these pitfalls? To answer these questions, those aspects of experimental studies that are under the control of the investigator as well as those aspects that are under the control of the experimenter are examined. This book begins by making a distinction between the investigator and the experimenter, arguing that their roles are functionally quite different. The discussion then turns to the 10 pitfalls in human research, divided into investigator effects and experimenter effects: investigator paradigm effect; investigator experimental design effect; investigator loose procedure effect; investigator data analysis effect; investigator fudging effect; experimenter personal attributes effect; experimenter failure to follow the procedure effect; experimenter misrecording effect; experimenter fudging effect; and experimenter unintentional expectancy effect. This monograph will be a useful resource for both investigators and experimenters, as well as those who utilize research results in their teaching or practice.

  • The Chronic Crisis in Psychological Measurement and Assessment

    A Historical Survey
    • 1st Edition
    • Scott T. Meier
    • English
    The Chronic Crisis in Psychological Measurement and Assessment: A Historical Survey provides a historical survey of relevant concepts in psychological measurement and assessment. It does not delve into intimate details and complexities, but traces measurement and assessment controversies over time and across psychological domains. The main goal has been to approach the problems of measurement and assessment from the perspective of psychological theory. The book begins with an overview, a broad picture of how psychological measurement and assessment have evolved. Separate chapters present descriptions and interpretations of measurement issues that have been important over the lifespan of psychological science. Traditional approaches along with newer concepts and procedures are are discussed, along with an attempt to integrate the major themes that emerge from the historical survey with the ultimate purpose of reviewing and proposing new directions. This book is offered as a complement to existing texts in psychological measurement and assessment.

  • A Students' Guide to Piaget

    • 1st Edition
    • D. G. Boyle
    • English
    A Students' Guide to Piaget is a students' guide to the work of Jean Piaget, one of the most influential thinkers in contemporary psychology. It discusses Piaget's multifarious epistemological interests, his developmental psychology, and his solutions to the problems of mathematical epistemology. Piaget's contributions to education, as well as his early work on children's language and cognitive development, are also examined. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with an overview of the major problem that confronts students when they first encounter Piaget's work: why he has done it. Piaget's attempt to answer some very important questions in the branch of philosophy called epistemology is also considered. The next chapter introduces the reader to the basic concepts of Piaget's psychology and his concern with the development of intelligence. The discussion then turns to his views about the sensorimotor phase, pre-operational thinking, and operational thinking in children. A brief summary of developmental periods in Piaget's psychology is presented, and his solutions to the problems of mathematical epistemology are outlined. The remaining chapters focus on Piaget's preoccupation with genetic epistemology, his contributions to education, and his work on children's language and cognitive development. The final chapter analyzes some of the objections that have been raised or may be raised to Piaget's work. This monograph will be a useful resource for psychology students.

  • The Nature of Theory and Research in Social Psychology

    • 1st Edition
    • Clyde Hendrick + 1 more
    • English
    The Nature of Theory and Research in Social Psychology aims to provide advanced undergraduate and graduate students with a solid foundation in the logic of theory construction and the experimental method; and to teach students how to read, critically evaluate, and appreciate professional literature in the behavioral sciences. The book is believed to be unique in this latter respect and that it will serve a vital need in several different courses. The book is organized into two parts. Part I contains a detailed exposition of the nature of theory and research. It discusses the nature of formal theory, derivation of hypotheses, and the testing of hypotheses. It explicates in great detail the experimental approach to hypothesis testing. Both formal and informal aspects of a psychological experiment are discussed. Part II includes five chapters that enable students to put their analytical skills to use. Five substantive areas from social psychology have been selected. Each chapter includes three reprinted journal articles, and the chapter may be considered a ""case study"" in the analysis of experimental research in a given problem area. The following topics are covered in this section: dissonance and disconfirmed expectancies; dissonance and severity of initiation, primary-recency in personality impression formation, forewarning and anticipatory attitude change, and dependency and helping.

  • Handbook of Social Skills Training

    Clinical Applications and New Directions
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 2
    • P. Trower + 1 more
    • English
    In this volume the application of the social skills training (SST) model to specific clinical conditions is discussed. Its uses with schizophrenia, social anxiety, depression, mental handicap, and substance abuse are reviewed in depth and practical recommendations for the future are given. Advances in social psychology and linguistics have implications for the future development of SST and their contributions to the field are presented in the final section.

  • Foundations of Dialectical Psychology

    • 1st Edition
    • Klaus F. Riegel
    • English
    Foundations of Dialectical Psychology is a compilation of the writings of Klaus F. Riegel on dialectical psychology. The book presents chapters discussing such topics as the dialectics of human development; history of dialectical psychology; temporal organization of dialogues; and the analysis of the concept of crisis and its underlying philosophical model and ideology. Psychologists and students will find the book invaluable.

  • Applied Developmental Psychology

    Volume 2
    • 1st Edition
    • Frederick J Morrison + 2 more
    • English
    Applied Developmental Psychology: Volume 2 is a collection of papers from different experts in the field of psychology in an attempt to put forth a vision of psychology as a developmental science through its applications in different studies. The book covers topics such as essentialism and populational psychology, comprehension and comprehension monitoring, and theoretical and applied issues in the use of binaural sensory aids by blind infants and children. Also covered are topics such as the effects of maternal employment on young children and the subtypes of developmental dyslexia. The text is recommended to psychologists, especially those who would like to research on how the field can be viewed as a developmental science.

  • Hearing

    An Introduction to Psychological and Physiological Acoustics
    • 1st Edition
    • Stanley A. Gelfand
    • English
    Hearing: An Introduction to Psychological and Physiological Acoustics is concerned with the physiology and psychophysics of audition. It aims to introduce the new student to the sciences of hearing and to rekindle the interests of the experienced reader. The book begins with an overview of the auditory system. This is followed by separate chapters on theories of hearing; the routes over which sound is conducted to the inner ear; the cochlear mechanism; the auditory nerve and pathways; and psychoacoustic methods. Subsequent chapters cover the theory of signal detection; how sensitivity for one sound is affected by the presence of another sound; loudness; pitch; aspects of binaural hearing; and speech perception. This book provides both an introduction and a broad overview of the field of hearing science for the advanced undergraduate student or the postgraduate student in such disciplines as audiology and psychology. It should be an extremely useful guide to these students, as well as to those researchers who wish to refresh their knowledge of the field beyond their areas of specialization.

  • Psych City

    A Simulated Community
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert I. Cohen + 2 more
    • English
    Psych City is a book that is used as a guide to organize a simulated community. The goal of the book is not only to create a simulated community, but also to provide opportunities for those involved in the experience to learn the events and patterns of life found in the community and examine the psychological, social, and political systems that are found in the community. The book is divided into two sections. Section I is the simulation proper, and gives detailed descriptions of simulated living conditions such as geography, population, housing, government, education, finance, and taxes. The first part also assigns the participants to the different roles they have to play and gives the community problems to solve. The second part is made up of sets of readings and exercises that pertain to the different situations found in the simulated community. The text is recommended for psychology, sociology, and anthropology professors that wish to give an interactive learning experience for the entire class, as well as those who wish to further study about community and conduct social experiments.

  • Psychosomatic Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults

    Proceedings of a Conference Held by the Society for Psychosomatic Research at the Royal College of Physicians, London. November 1960
    • 1st Edition
    • John Hambling + 1 more
    • English
    Psychosomatic Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults covers the proceedings of the 1960 Conference, held by the Society for Psychosomatic Research at the Royal College of Physicians, London. This conference considers psychosomatic disorders occurring between the ages of 15-25 years and discusses the mental transformation from childhood to adult maturity. This book is organized into eight sessions encompassing 26 chapters. The first two sessions review the concepts of mental health and the psychosexual development in adolescence. The next sessions looks into the issues of teenage pregnancy, menstrual disorders, emotional sweating, male sexual disorders, epilepsy in adolescence, and psychosomatic aspects of acne vulgaris. These topics are followed by discussions on stress-related disorders, including tuberculosis and acute appendicitis. The remaining sessions describe certain aspects of mental transformation, such as the link between family and emotional maturity and fitness for marriage.

  • The Mass Media & Social Problems

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 2
    • D. Howitt
    • Michael Argyle
    • English
    Discusses the way the mass media treats social problems, its contribution to causing and curing social problems, and its use by concerned organisations and groups wishing to act to reduce social problems. It brings together a wide range of topics including racism, sexism, poverty, violence, pornography, the educational disadvantaged, and crime and justice.

  • Psychiatric Diagnosis

    A Review of Research
    • 1st Edition
    • George Frank
    • H. J. Eysenck
    • English
    Psychiatric Diagnosis: A Review of Research focuses on the heuristic value of psychiatric diagnoses. This book describes the purpose of a diagnosis that enables clinicians to make certain judgments regarding the life of the individual being diagnosed. Making a diagnosis should be identical to a shorthand way of saying certain things about the patient such as where he has been, where he is, and where he may be heading psychologically. This text determines what information is provided by a diagnostic statement in the matter of psychopathology. Other topics discussed include the diagnostic principle, psychotic and depressive reactions, schizophrenia, and neuroses. This publication is beneficial to psychiatrists and medical practitioners researching on the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders and mental or behavioral patterns that cause distress or disability.

  • Clinical Anxiety

    • 1st Edition
    • Malcolm Lader + 1 more
    • English
    Clinical Anxiety provides information pertinent to the fundamental aspects of clinical anxiety. This book discusses the psychophysiology, psychopharmacology, psychopathology, as well as the psychological treatments of anxiety. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with an overview of the emotional state and the subjective bodily discomfort that occurs during anxiety. This text then examines the two aspects of normal anxiety that bears a complex relationship to behavioral performance. Other chapters consider the type of anxiety that is beyond the normal response to stress and handicaps the everyday functioning of an individual. This book discusses as well the distinction between an anxiety state and a depressive illness. The final chapter discusses the advantages of an eclectic examination of anxiety from various aspects simultaneously by considering it as a syndrome of emotional response. This book is a valuable resource for psychiatrists, general physicians, general practitioners, and others who diagnose and treat clinical anxiety.

  • Amnesia

    Clinical, Psychological and Medicolegal Aspects
    • 2nd Edition
    • C. W. M. Whitty + 1 more
    • English
    Amnesia: Clinical, Psychological and Medicolegal Aspects, 2nd Edition explores the clinical, psychological, and medicolegal aspects of amnesia. Experimental studies of the organic amnesic syndrome are presented and memory disorders associated with electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are described. The role of amnesia in cerebral disease, the neuropathology of amnesic states, and psychogenic memory loss are also considered. This book is comprised of 11 chapters and begins with a discussion on experimental studies of the organic amnesic syndrome, along with certain associated studies of normal memory. The reader is then introduced to the link between amnesia and cerebral pathology; transient global amnesia and its clinical manifestations; the amnesic syndrome and its relation to Korsakoff syndrome; traumatic amnesia; amnesias of temporal lobe origin; and memory disorders following ECT. A neuropathological examination of the human brain in cases of amnesia is presented, and examples of the psychopathology of memory are provided. The final chapter analyzes amnesia from a medicolegal point of view. This monograph will be of interest to clinicians, neurologists, psychiatrists, psychopathologists, psychologists, and medicolegal practitioners.

  • Visual and Oculomotor Functions

    Advances in Eye Movement Research
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 5
    • G. d'Ydewalle + 1 more
    • English
    A collection of contemporary work in various areas of eye-movement research with an emphasis on physiological aspects is presented in this book. The contributions are divided into six sections: I. saccadic eye movements; II. smooth pursuit and motion perception; III. eye movements in pathology and clinical settings; IV. neurophysiology of eye movements; V. optokinetic nystagmus; and VI. methods. This volume provides updated information on the most recent research on eye movements carried out mainly in Europe.

  • Progress in Behavior Modification

    Volume 1
    • 1st Edition
    • Michel Hersen + 2 more
    • English
    Progress in Behavior Modification, Volume 1 reviews advances in the understanding of behavior modification, with emphasis on theoretical underpinnings, research findings and methodologies, and assessment techniques. Control of psychophysiological processes and ethical issues in behavioral control are considered, along with the effects of social influences on behavior and the contribution of behavior therapy to the treatment of physical illness. Comprised of eight chapters, this volume begins with a discussion on the evolution of behavior modification, with particular reference to its application as a methodological approach to the study and treatment of psychological disorders. The next chapter offers an interpersonal analysis of depression from theoretical, research, and therapeutic standpoints, followed by an analysis of developments in the behavioral treatment of phobic and obsessive-compulsive disorders. The ethical and legal ramifications of behavior therapy are also evaluated, paying attention to court decisions, the issue of patients' rights, and the efficacy of the behavioral approach compared to other systems of treatment. The remaining chapters focus on the contribution of behavior modification to the field of juvenile delinquency; advances in token economy research; individual behavior therapy; and the complementary roles of drugs and behavior modification. This book should be of interest to theoreticians, researchers, or practitioners in the fields of psychiatry, psychology, and behavior therapy as well as social work, speech therapy, education, and rehabilitation.

  • Attitudes and Social Adaptation

    A Person-Situation Interaction Approach
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 8
    • L. R. Kahle
    • Michael Argyle
    • English
    An important and interesting work which demonstrates the person-situation interaction theory of attitudes and attributes and shows how many of the principles of interaction or attribute research apply to attitude research (and vice versa). A new theory, social adaptation, is presented which attempts to account for the importance of attitudes and social cognition in human social behaviour, and applies Piaget's work on cognitive development to attitude research.

  • The Psychological Experiment

    A Practical Accomplishment
    • 1st Edition
    • Harold B. Pepinsky + 1 more
    • English
    The Psychological Experiment: A Practical Accomplishment is a collection of experimental studies focusing on encounters between two persons, purportedly corresponding to “counseling” and “negotiation” in daily life. The book presents clear and pertinent exhibits in the comparative analysis of daily occurring social phenomena, useful to persons in the social and behavioral sciences. Chapter 1 sets the basic framework and theme for the psychological experiments that will follow. Chapters 2 to 7 are the actual experiments with comments and interpretations from the editors. Chapter 8 provides retrospective analysis of experimental topics that are presented in the book. Psychologists, sociologists, researchers, and students in the field of behavioral sciences will find the text invaluable.

  • Psychological Care for Families

    Before, During and After Birth
    • 1st Edition
    • Catherine A. Niven
    • English
    Psychological Care for Families: Before, During and After Birth presents the significance of psychological care and the positive effect on outcomes when it is done well. This book provides an understanding of the emotional needs of families. Organized into six chapters, this book begins with an overview of the improvements in outcomes that result from increased input by midwives and health visitors. This text then examines the individual and interrelated needs of the fetus/baby, the mother/primary caretaker, and the father/primary supporter. Other chapters consider the provision of health care during pregnancy, birth, and postnatal period, which involve the giving of psychological care to all the members of the family units. This book discusses as well the interaction that develops between a newborn baby and the mother or the primary caretaker. The final chapter deals with the serious problems that the mother, father, siblings, and baby may experience through their mutual interactions. This book is a valuable resource for midwives, nurses, and health care professionals.

  • Topics in Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychology

    With Key References
    • 1st Edition
    • Daniel B. Hier + 2 more
    • English
    Topics in Behavioral Neurology and Neuropsychology provides information pertinent to neuropsychology and behavioral neurology. This book serves as a guide to those caring for patients with disorders of higher cortical function. Organized into 18 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the classes of disorders of higher cortical function according to major behavioral disturbance. This text then presents the various classification schemes for aphasic syndromes. Other chapters consider the multidimensional process of the analysis of various speech disorders, including dysprosody, dysarthria, hysteria, anomia, and aphasia. This book discusses as well the various forms of alexia, including pure alexia, alexia, alexia with agraphia, and frontal alexia. The final chapter deals with stroke and other brain disorders. This book is a valuable resource for neurologists, psychiatrists, neuroscientists, neuropsychologists, neurology residents, speech pathologists, and rehabilitation medicine specialists. Readers who are interested in the study of the disorders of the higher cortical function will also find this book useful.

  • Climate for Creativity

    Report of the Seventh National Research Conference on Creativity
    • 1st Edition
    • Calvin W. Taylor
    • English
    Climate for Creativity is a report of the Seventh National Research Conference on Creativity. For various reasons, the contributions of a few others to the conference are not included as chapters in this book. The book is divided into two parts, separating 18 papers presented as chapters. Part I details the organizational setting for creativity. Part II describes other creativity settings and studies, including predictors and criteria of creativity; programming creative behavior; creativity research program; and a holistic approach to creativity.

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