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Elsevier

Books in Agricultural and biological sciences

The Agricultural and Biological Sciences collection advances science-based knowledge for the improvement of animal and plant life and for secure food systems that produce nutritious, novel, sustainable foods with minimal environmental impact. Food Science titles include not only those products from agriculture but all other aspects from food production to nutrition, health and safety, chemistry to security, policy, law and regulation. Biological Sciences address animal behaviour and biodiversity, organismal and evolutionary biology, entomology, marine biology and aquaculture, plant science and forestry.

  • Introduction to Food Science and Technology

    • 1st Edition
    • George Stewart
    • English
    Introduction to Food Science and Technology focuses on the importance of food science and food technology to humans. This book discusses the total sequence of operations in food technology, which includes the selection of raw materials, processing, preservation, and distribution. Comprised of nine chapters, this monograph starts with an overview of the processing and storage of food. This book examines how the food processor often controls the producer’s operations by demanding a raw product of a certain type in order to satisfy a particular processing and consumer demand. Other chapters consider the primary concern of food scientists and technologists in the processing and preservation of raw agricultural products as nutritious and stable foods of acceptable quality. The final chapter deals with the variety of jobs available for those trained in the biological, physical, and behavioral sciences and their applications to food processing and food preservation. Food technologists, chemists, and scientists will find this book extremely useful.

  • Nutritional Toxicology V1

    • 1st Edition
    • John Hathcock
    • English
    Nutritional Toxicology, Volume I is a sample result that has risen from the need for increased toxicological awareness and understanding by nutritionists and other professionals concerned with food production, utilization, and health. This book aims to collate significant information regarding nutrition-associated toxicity problems. The book is divided into 13 chapters. The first two chapters deal with a general overview of nutritional toxicology. Some of the topics discussed in this section include the nutritional effects of toxicants, xenobiotics, toxic action, and biotoxification. The following subject areas discussed include vitamin excess and toxicity; trace elements and cardiovascular disease; and factors affecting the metabolism of nonessential metals in food. The subsequent chapters focus on problem areas including the hazards of foodborne bacterial infections and intoxications, mycotoxins and toxic stress metabolites, environmental contaminants in food, and hazards of compounds in human nutrition. The last section tackles the close relationship of toxicology with food, including their effects and applications. Some topics include food colors, ingredients, chemicals, and substances, as well as their effects on other organisms. This volume will be invaluable to students and professionals in nutrition and toxicology. Other people who studies nutrition, toxicology, and pharmacology will also benefit from this resource.

  • Nocturnal Malagasy primates

    Ecology, Physiology, and Behavior
    • 1st Edition
    • P. Charles-Dominique
    • English
    Nocturnal Malagasy Primates: Ecology, Physiology, and Behavior is composed of different studies investigating the “strategies” adopted by lesser known nocturnal species of Marosalaza forest to cope with the contrasted seasonal conditions. In general, it defines the relationship between ecology and physiology of these species. The book is divided into two parts. The first part is comprised of five chapters detailing field studies conducted during the seven successive and overlapping field trips, from November 1973 to July 1974. This part is focused on dietary adaptations,growth and reproductive cycles, activity rhythms, social structures, and interspecific competition in five sympatric prosimian species. The second part is also comprised of five chapters, but describes the laboratory studies conducted at Brunoy in simulated climatic conditions. It centerson the relationshipsand comparisons between species of annual variations in feeding,body weight, activity, and reproduction, with supplementary investigations of social interactions, marking,and learning abilities. Altogether, the field and laboratory studies presented in this book constitute a comprehensive approach to elucidate the problem of ecophysiology.

  • Structural and Resonance Techniques in Biological Research

    • 1st Edition
    • Denis Rousseau
    • English
    Structural and Resonance Techniques in Biological Research discusses the fundamentals and applications of nuclear magnetic resonance, electron spin resonance, Mössbauer spectroscopy, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, macromolecular crystallography, and small-angle x-ray scattering and diffraction. The chapters are aimed at a level such that only a general understanding of chemistry and biology is required. The objective is to present material in a way that allows the research worker to assess quickly the applicability, utility, and significance of the specific technique to his or her problem or field of interest. Together with Optical Techniques in Biological Research, this book marks the introduction of a new series of volumes, Physical Techniques in Biology and Medicine, which is intended to replace a previous treatise, Physical Techniques in Biological Research.

  • Trace Gas Emissions by Plants

    • 1st Edition
    • English
    Many trace gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the biosphere. Although much research has been published on the photosynthetic exchanges of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water vapor, this book focuses on the importance of biogenic trace gases on atmosphere chemistry and ecosystem stability. Included are methane and its effect on the radiative properties of the atmosphere, hydrocarbons (isoprene and monoterpenes), and their role in the production of ozone and carbon monoxide. Also covered are sulfur and nitrogen gases, both of which can lead to ecosystem acidification. The biochemistry and physiology of production of these and other gases are investigated.Plant physiologists, ecologists, and atmospheric chemists and modelers will benefit from this book.

  • Ecology of Soil Seed Banks

    • 1st Edition
    • Mary Allessio Leck
    • English
    Ecology of Soil Seed Banks examines the factors that influence seed bank dynamics and the variety of patterns found among different species. This book presents seed banks in a community context to explore the ecological implications of different patterns, and thus begin the development of a synthesis by comparing various communities. Organized into five parts, this book first examines the general processes that influence inputs or losses from the seed bank, including predation, dormancy/germination mechanisms, and their evolutionary importance. Then, this text examines seed banks in a community context. Only eight vegetation types are included, but the range in diversity of life form, length of growing season, and dominant environmental conditions allow comparisons of seed bank patterns. This book also explores the role of seed banks in vegetation management. This reference material will be a valuable reference material to population and community ecologists and managers. Evolutionary consequences of seed banks should be of interest to population and theoretical biologists.

  • Prokaryotes

    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    Forms part of the three-volume set, Pathogenesis & Host Specificity in Plant Diseases, and deals with pathogenesis and host specificity in plant pathogenic prokaryotes.Pathogen... & Host Specificity in Plant Diseases as a whole is the first complete publication covering the mechanism of host specificity and pathogenesis in plant diseases, bringing together all knowledge about plant pathology into one fully comprehensive source. The main aim of the work is to compile, critically analyze and correlate the information available on all aspects of pathogenesis and host specificity in important plant-pathogen systems representing different types of parasitism and symbiotic, mutualistic and antagonistic associations. Over 100 authors have contributed state-of-the-art chapters, all of whom are internationally recognised as leading experts in their fields. Subject matter is clear and readable throughout and is supported by clear diagrams, tables and photographs.Each individual volume is available separately or in a three-volume set.

  • Dinoflagellates

    • 1st Edition
    • David L. Spector
    • English
    The book begins with a general introduction and a taxonomic description of the dinoflagellates both to acquaint those unfamiliar with this group of organisms and to set the tone for the rest of the volume. It then addresses the following topics: cell biology (cell cortex, nuclear structure, cell cycle and mitosis, sexual reproduction, cysts and unusual inclusions); biochemistry (physiology and biochemistry, blooms and toxins, and biorhythms); and genetics. In addition, a comprehensive chapter on cell culturing provides the reader with an understanding of the growth conditions and requirements of various dinoflagellates and a simple to follow listing of culture media, all expressed in similar units for ease of comparison. The volume closes with a chapter on evolution which evaluates many of the features of dinoflagellates discussed in the text in terms of evolutionary significance.We hope that this treatise will be of use to research workers and students in the area of dinoflagellate biology and in other areas of biology in which dinoflagellates may be used as a model system for studying various biological problems.

  • Taigu Genic Male-Sterile Wheat

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 9
    • Deng Deng Jingyang
    • English
    This book deals with the theoretical background and breeding methods of the single dominant male sterile gene, a spontaneous mutant discovered for the first time in wheat.The book is divided into three sections: the discovery of Taigu genic male-sterile wheat and its determination, such as genetic analysis, cytological observation, location of the gene, etc.; theory and method of the new way of breeding, such as recurrent selection, creating and developing the gene-pool; mechanism of male-sterility, for example morphological anatomy, cytochemistry and bio-chemical analysis.The book will prove valuable to plant breeders, agronomists, bio-technicians, botonists, geneticists and cytologists.

  • Aflatoxin

    Scientific Background, Control, and Implications
    • 1st Edition
    • Leo Goldblatt
    • English
    Aflatoxin: Scientific Background, Control, and Implications discusses general problems posed by mycotoxin contamination in foods and feeds. This book is divided into 15 chapters that summarize the discovery, elaboration, chemistry and assay, effects and metabolic fate, processing to ensure their removal or inactivation, and regulatory aspects of aflatoxins. The introductory chapters cover the discovery, formation by Aspergillus flavus, and the chemistry and structure of aflatoxins. The subsequent chapters describe the physicochemical and biological assays for aflatoxin measurement, detection, and analysis. A chapter also describes the metabolic fate and the biochemical alterations associated with aflatoxin administration to animals and other biological test systems. Discussions on the acute toxicity and carcinogenic activity of aflatoxins in laboratory and farm animals are also provided, with emphasis on the recognition of aflatoxicosis, a disease condition caused by the action of the aflatoxin poison. The book goes on examining the role of spoilage molds in destroying stored crops and the tremendous capacity for toxin production of aflatoxins. It also describes successful efforts of food and feed industries to ensure a wholesome food supply, including the utilization of various detoxification processes. The last chapters deal with the regulatory provisions for aflatoxin contamination control and tolerances and the implications of fungal toxins to human health. The book is intended for scientists and manufacturers concerned with the production and processing of foods and feeds, the nutrition, and the animal and public health.

  • Primates in Nutritional Research

    • 1st Edition
    • K Hayes
    • English
    Primates in Nutritional Research is a result of a workshop on primate nutrition, held in October 1978. This book presents the topics in the workshop, which are the nutrient requirements and various techniques of feeding monkeys and the in-depth reviews of investigated aspects of nutritional research, where nonhuman primates are the models for human disease. This volume has 16 chapters and is basically divided according to two main themes. The first part (Chapters 1-7) deals with the practical matters of nutritional husbandry. Topics in this section include dietary allowances for nutrients; liquid formulas and protein requirements; caloric intake and weight changes; folic acid needs; and semipurified diets. The second part (Chapters 8-16) describes different models under investigation at the time of publishing. Included in this section are discussions on diet and atherosclerosis; selected aspects of metabolic behavior of the squirrel monkey; effects of dietary fat on plasma lipids; acute and chronic effects of ethanol; and the induction of obesity. Students, teachers, scientists, and researchers interested in nonhuman primate research will find this book very helpful. Professionals in other areas of study, such as nutrition and food science, medicine, metabolic diseases, and animal research, will also benefit from this book.

  • Morphology, Anatomy, Taxonomy, and Ecology

    • 1st Edition
    • B Zuckerman
    • English
    Plant Parasitic Nematodes, Volume 1: Morphology, Anatomy, Taxonomy, and Ecology is a masterful reference work in nematology that also includes information about ultrastructure, enzymology, and chemistry of body composition; culturing; virus transmission; biological races; and nature of plant resistance. This volume includes a discussion of the history and development of plant nematology, the status of research on this field, and information pertaining to professional societies and publications. It also discusses nematode morphology, anatomy, taxonomy, and ecology, including the origin of plant nematodes and population dynamics. It features drawing examples of free-living and animal parasitic nematodes. This treatise is written to provide an up-to-date reference source for students, lecturers, and research professionals in plant parasitology, specifically nematology, and related fields.

  • Economics of food processing in the United States

    • 1st Edition
    • Chester O. Jr. McCorkler
    • English
    Economics of Food Processing in the United States aims to provide an economic overview of the food processing industries in the United States; to explore the firm-level implications of social, economic, technological, and institutional forces for selected food processing industries; and to uncover some of the implications for consumers, raw product producers, and the national economy of the major trends observed in food industries. The book begins by evaluating the major forces shaping demand, supply, prices, and trade in processed foods. It then considers major trends in technical processes; major forces in marketing, distribution, and structure; and major trends in regulation. The next few chapters explore these trends for five specific food processing industries, which represent major types of products processed: fruits and vegetables, meat, milk, grain and soybeans, and wine. After the specific industries have been examined, the final two chapters treat these industries in the context of the national and international economy. Students preparing for careers, researchers, and industry participants who study these firms and industries and the various approaches to solving their economic and management problems will benefit from the information in this volume and from its approach to presenting the dynamics of the food processing industries.

  • The Biochemistry and Physiology of Tetrahymena

    • 1st Edition
    • Donald G. Hill
    • English
    The Biochemistry and Physiology of Tetrahymena presents a review of the literature covering the physiology and biochemistry of the ciliate genus Tetrahymena, of which Tetrahymena pyriformis is the most studied species. Organized into 10 parts, this book first provides basic information about Tetrahymena, which is found in almost any body of water and is so unusual that one can debate quite rationally as to whether it is an animal or a plant. Other chapters are restricted to specific subjects about this organism, namely, carbohydrate, lipid, energy, protein, amino acid, purine, pyrimidine, and nucleic acid metabolism. The organism’s biochemical genetics, vitamin and inorganic requirements, and evolution are also shown. This book also explores the effect of radiation, drugs, and hydrostatic pressure on Tetrahymena. The documented information presented in this book will be sufficient to stimulate even more interest in the organism.

  • Tree Ecology and Preservation

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 2
    • A. Bernatzky
    • English
    Containing more than 225 illustrations, this is probably the first book to cover both scientific research on trees and tree surgery. It is an authoritative work, written by a man who has had a lifetime's experience of working with trees, and as such, the book will undoubtedly appeal to a wide-ranging readership.

  • Social Insects V3

    • 1st Edition
    • Henry Hermani
    • English
    Social Insects, Volume III emphasizes the insect symbionts that represent a very complex group of organisms with very diverse habits. This volume primarily focuses on various types of bees and their sociality. This book consists of four major chapters where the first chapter represents the conclusion of discussion on social insect phenomena. The three remaining chapters discuss in detail the biology of the featured eusocial insects. Chapter 1 includes a discussion on insects and other arthropods. The following chapters focus on various types of bee, including bumble bees, honey bees, and stingless bees. Chapter 2 focuses on the behavior and ecology of bumble bees, whereas Chapters 3 and 4 discuss in detail the different biological aspects of honey and stingless bees, respectively. Topics include the evolution of sociality, colony, caste differentiation, and distribution of these species. Students and researchers interested in the study of bees will find this book very valuable.

  • Biology of Acetabularia

    • 1st Edition
    • Jean Brachet
    • English
    Biology of Acetabularia covers the proceedings of the First International Symposium on Acetabularia, held in Rhode-Saint-Genese and Mol, Belgium on June 18-20, 1969. The three-day symposium is organized to exchange ideas and information between various laboratories, which are engaged in research on Acetabularia. Comprised of 16 chapters, this book discusses the biological and biochemical aspects of Acetabularia, including DNA and RNA syntheses, regulation of RNA production and enzyme activity, ultrastructure, and photosynthesis. It also examines the effects of physical factors, such as light and gamma-radiations and circadian rhythms, on morphogenesis and metabolism of Acetabularia. Each chapter contains technical problems and conclusions relevant to other researches. The book will be useful for those who work or intend to work on Acetabularia, including biologists, biochemists, molecular biologists, and researchers.

  • Insecticide Mode of Action

    • 1st Edition
    • Joel R. Coats
    • English
    Insecticide Mode of Action presents significant research on the biological activity of insecticides. The book is organized into three sections encompassing 13 chapters that summarize three major groups of insecticides, including neurotoxic, formamidine, and developmental insecticides. The first section of the book presents studies on groups of conventional neurotoxic insecticides: chlorinated hydrocarbons, pyrethroids, carbamates, and organophosphorus chemicals. This text discusses their structure, poisoning property, structure-activity relationships, and stereoselectivity. The subsequent section discusses the biochemical, biological, and neurotoxic actions of formamidines, a group of pesticides that exhibit an unusual spectrum of activity. Several modes of action of pharmacological significance as well as some important behavioral effects are included in this section. The third section addresses groups of insecticides that affect insect growth and development. Such chemicals typically demonstrate marked selectivity and represent more sophisticated strategies in the chemical control of insect pests. This book is of value to researchers, teachers, and regulatory personnel concerned with the biological activity of insecticides.

  • Regulatory T Lymphocytes

    • 1st Edition
    • Benvenuto Pernis
    • English
    Regulatory T Lymphocytes documents the proceedings of a symposium on ""Regulatory T Lymphocytes"" held at Arden House on the Harriman Campus of Columbia University from June 8-10, 1979. The meeting was the fourth of the P&S Biomedical Sciences Symposia. Starting with the opening address on regulatory T lymphocytes and their antigen receptors, the remainder of the book presents the contributions made by researchers at the symposium. These contributions are organized into seven parts. Part I contains studies T cell receptors. Part II presents studies on T cell subpopulations. Parts III and IV examine helper T cells. Parts V and VI deal with suppressor T cells. Part VII contains papers on regulatory T cell circuits.

  • The Orthopoxviruses

    • 1st Edition
    • Frank Fenner
    • English
    The Orthopoxviruses presents knowledge and comprehensive and integrated picture of orthopoxviruses. The book looks into the molecular biology of this genusof viruses, particularly, the structure and chemical composition of the virion, replication, morphogenesis, pathogenesis, pathology, and immunology of this virus’ infections. It also elucidates the global spread, control, and eradication of smallpox. Additionally, the book describes a potentially important use of vaccinia virus, namely, its use as a vector for genes from other viruses, bacteria, or protozoa that specify antigens important in stimulating the production of a protective immune response. Such comprehensive account of all aspects of the biology of all known species of orthopoxviruses will be valuable to molecular biologists, virologists, immunologists, pathologists, and researchers in the veterinary sciences.

  • Data Analysis in Biochemistry and Biophysics

    • 1st Edition
    • Magar Mager
    • English
    Data Analysis in Biochemistry and Biophysics describes the techniques how to derive the most amount of quantitative and statistical information from data gathered in enzyme kinetics, protein-ligand equilibria, optical rotatory dispersion, chemical relaxation methods. This book focuses on the determination and analysis of parameters in different models that are used in biochemistry, biophysics, and molecular biology. The Michaelis-Menten equation can explain the process to obtain the maximum amount of information by determining the parameters of the model. This text also explains the fundamentals present in hypothesis testing, and the equation that represents the statistical aspects of a linear model occurring frequently in this field of testing. This book also analyzes the ultraviolet spectra of nucleic acids, particularly, to establish the composition of melting regions of nucleic acids. The investigator can use the matrix rank analysis to determine the spectra to substantiate systems whose functions are not known. This text also explains flow techniques and relaxation methods associated with rapid reactions to determine transient kinetic parameters. This book is suitable for molecular biologists, biophysicists, physiologists, biochemists, bio- mathematicians, statisticians, computer programmers, and investigators involved in related sciences

  • Microbiological Assay

    An Introduction to quantitative principles and Evaluation
    • 1st Edition
    • William Hewitt
    • English
    Microbiological Assay: An Introduction to Quantitative Principles and Evaluation aims to provide an introduction to the principles of microbiological assay, assay design, and calculation procedures. Organized into nine chapters, this book begins with the philosophy of biological assay, as well as the method’s basic techniques, principles, mechanization, automation, purpose, reference standards, specifications, and reports. It also looks into the preparation of test solutions of standard and sample. Some chapters follow explaining the specific methods, such as agar diffusion assay and tube assay; others explore the statistical evaluation of these assays. Features of assay design, such as replication, number of dose levels, and spacing of dose levels, are also described. This book will serve as an elementary introduction to this field of interest to help encourage a less empirical approach to the subject.

  • Social Insects V1

    • 1st Edition
    • Henry Hermani
    • English
    Social Insects, Volume I is a part of a four-volume discourse and collection of research on insect sociobiology. This volume covers the “modern theory” with certain concepts of insect sociality, particularly through genetic, behavioral, and evolutionary pathways. This book consists of eight chapters, which mostly deal with the sociality of insects and other aspects. The first chapter provides an introduction to the subject of insect sociality. Topics in this chapter include definition of sociality, types of social insects, and insect sociobiology. The next chapter focuses on the origin and evolution of insect sociality and discusses the theories of origin of sociality. The following chapters discuss the aspects of social insects in terms of antiquity and territoriality. Caste differentiation and division of labor is also emphasized, as well as the genetics of sociality. The last two chapters deal with the larvae of the social hymenoptera and the social and evolutionary significance of social insect symbionts. This volume is a good reference for students and teachers in the study of entomology, zoology, and biology.

  • The Viruses

    Biochemical, Biological, and Biophysical Properties
    • 1st Edition
    • F Burnet
    • English
    The Viruses: Biochemical, Biological, and Biophysical Properties, Volume 2: Plant and Bacterial Viruses deals with the biochemistry, biology, and biophysics of plant viruses. The viruses considered are tobacco and turnip yellow mosaic viruses; tobacco ringspot virus; potato virus X; and bacterial viruses, such as lysogenic bacteria and phages. This volume is organized into 10 chapters and begins with a discussion of the tobacco mosaic virus and other plant viruses, emphasizing the process of infection and synthesis and general features of the host-virus system. The next chapters focus on the purification and protein components of plant viruses; the chemical correlates of biological variability in viruses; and biological cycles of plant viruses in insect vectors. This book describes the bacteriophage, which is considered as a model virus in comparison with typical microorganisms and cellular organelles. It also introduces the reader to the kinetics of phage reproduction; the intracellular multiplication of bacterial viruses; and the process of lysogeny in bacteria. The book concludes with a chapter on irradiation of phage with ultraviolet light, decay of incorporated radiophosphorus (""suicide""), and ionizing radiation (usually X-rays). Biologists, botanists, biochemists, biophysicists, and microbial physiologists will find this book a rich source of information on plant and bacterial viruses.

  • The Genetics Of Altruism

    • 1st Edition
    • Scott Boorman + 1 more
    • English
    The Genetics of Altruism covers the primary findings on social evolution, social trait, and altruism from a population genetics standpoint to establish a system of genetic boxes. It presents an evolutionary question with two faces: Why are there so many social species? Why, in all the diversity of the animal kingdom, are the social species so few? To address the evolutionary question, this book focuses on recognition of the fact that on an evolutionary time, scale genetics must underlie all changes in the capacity for social structure and other aspects of organic evolution. It presents comparative analyses framed in mathematical terms; mathematical concepts as a means of getting outside human, perhaps more generally primate and carnivore; frames of reference; and alternative network combinatorics as a natural basis for comparing social structures that are phylogenetically remote. It also discusses the comparative biology of social behavior on a purely descriptive basis through the social and evolutionary structures emergent. The book concludes by discussing major evolutionary pathways, various kinds of preadaptedness for sociality, and the use of cascade principle to suggest ways in which human evolution may have been a special case. This book is a valuable resource for biologists, social scientists, researchers, students, and all those who want to broaden their knowledge in the field of social behavior and altruism.

  • Mineral Nitrogen In The Plant-Soil System

    • 1st Edition
    • R Haynes
    • English
    Mineral Nitrogen in the Plant-Soil System provides integrated accounts of the transformations and fate of mineral nitrogen in the plant-soil system. This book emphasizes the understanding of various processes and the factors that affect these processes. It also focuses on the role of biological nitrogen fixation in nitrogen cycling in natural and agricultural systems. The book is divided into seven major chapters and each chapter is further subdivided into various subtopics. The first chapter introduces and outlines the origin, distribution, and cycling of nitrogen in natural and agricultural terrestrial ecosystems. Chapter 2 focuses on the processes of decomposition and mineralization-immob... turnover. The processes of nitrification are discussed in detail in Chapter 3. The following four chapters discuss topics of retention and movement of nitrogen in soils; gaseous losses of nitrogen; uptake and assimilation of mineral nitrogen by plants; and lastly, the use of nitrogen in agronomic practice. The book will be invaluable to graduate students and researchers in the field of agriculture. This will also cater other parties interested, such as agronomists, soil scientists, plant physiologists, horticulturists, and foresters.

  • Ir Genes and Ia Antigens

    • 1st Edition
    • Hugh Mcdevitt
    • English
    Ir Genes and Ia Antigens features papers that were presented at the Third Ir Gene Workshop held in Asilomar, California, December 13-16, 1976. The book is organized into seven parts that correspond to the seven sessions held during the workshop. The first session focused on the definition of the I-E and I-C subregions, and the mapping and cellular expression of complementing Ir genes. The second session included papers on the expression of gene products of the I region. The third session covered two major areas: (1) the biochemical characterization and primary structure of la antigens; and (2) the possible carbohydrate nature of la antigenic determinant. The studies presented in the fourth session focused on the role of I-region gene products in cellular interactions. The fifth session discussed the "recognition" functions controlled by the I region of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The sixth session featured papers on la-containing T cell factors. Finally, the seventh session examined the properties of T-cell antigen receptors.

  • Chromosomal Proteins And Their Role In The Regulation Of Gene Expression

    • 1st Edition
    • Gary Stein
    • English
    Chromosomal Proteins and Their Role in the Regulation of Gene Expression examines how chromosomal proteins take part in the regulation of gene expression. This book also looks at the variety of approaches that are used in studying the structural and functional properties of chromosomal proteins, particularly as they relate to the control of transcription. This text is organized into 15 chapters and begins by analyzing the regulation of histone gene expression during the cell cycle and the role of non-histone chromosomal proteins in such regulation. The following chapters focus on the in vitro transcription of the globin gene in mouse fetal liver chromatin; the involvement of non-histone proteins in both positive and negative controls of gene activity; and the role of phosphorylated proteins as regulators of gene activity. The discussion then shifts to the phosphorylation state of non-histone proteins and its correlation with gene transcription; changes in nuclear proteins during embryonic development and cellular differentiation; and the manner by which histones are deposited onto replicating chromosomes. This book also explains the histone methylation, specific phosphorylation sites in lysine rich (H1) histone, and the separation and characterization of nuclear non-histone proteins by means of DNA columns. This book is of interest to advanced undergraduate students, as well as to graduate students and researchers in genetics, cell biology, molecular biology, biochemistry, and microbiology.

  • Gene Activity in Early Development

    • 2nd Edition
    • Eric H. Davidson
    • English
    Gene Activity in Early Development, Second Edition is devoted to gene activity in early development, considering the estimates of RNA and protein synthesis rates, complexities, and amounts. A quantitative treatment of some of the key classes of macromolecules in early embryos and oocytes is also offered. This edition is organized into eight chapters and begins with an overview of the variable gene activity theory of cell differentiation, emphasizing the transcription level regulation as the fundamental process underlying differentiation and development. The following chapters explore the genome regulation of embryogenesis, differential embryo cell function, and transcription and protein synthesis in early embryos. The reader is also introduced to direct measurements regarding the DNA sequences transcribed during early development and localization of morphogenetic determinants in egg cytoplasm. The book concludes with a discussion of the structure of lampbrush chromosomes and the synthesis of heterogeneous nuclear and messenger RNAs during oogenesis. This book will prove useful to students as well as established researchers interested in developmental genetics.

  • Mycoplasma Diseases of Trees and Shrubs

    • 1st Edition
    • Karl Maramorosch
    • English
    Mycoplasma Diseases of Trees and Shrubs contains the edited papers presented at the Third Working Party meeting organized by Professor Karl Maramorosch at Rutgers University, New Jersey, in August 1979. This book also includes additional chapters by the invited contributors in the meeting. Organized into 15 chapters, this book begins with the isolation, characterization and identification of spiroplasmas and mycoplasma-like organisms. It then describes the various diseases of trees and shrubs, specifically yellows disease, stubborn disease, Paulownia witches' broom disease, mulberry dwarf, blueberry stunt, and sandal spike disease. It also elaborates the control of tree diseases by chemotherapy. This treatise will provide a standard reference work for all interested in plant mycoplasma diseases in forest pathology, entomology, and disease control.

  • Differentiation and Development

    • 1st Edition
    • Fazal Ahmad + 3 more
    • English
    Differentiation and Development is the 15th volume in the continuing series under the title ""Miami Winter Symposia"". This volume summarizes the progress in selected areas of biochemistry and the insights into the molecular basis of biological phenomena. It is divided into 92 chapters that cover topics that represent logical sequel to previous symposia on cloning and genetic manipulation of recombinant DNA. The introductory chapters discuss the discovered RNA phages with particular emphasis on the use of specific and transformed cells to study cell formation and differentiation. Then, the developmental regulation of protein synthesis and hierarchical controls of nucleolar synthetic functions are discussed. This volume also explains the relationship between cellular events, as well as DNA folding and histone organization in chromatin. The effects of phage infection, DNA damage repair in mycoplasmas, and multiple chorion structural genes are also presented. This volume looks into the biological features occurring frequently in cell development and differentiation. It studies differentiation and development of various cancer cells and role of several biomolecules in these processes. It also discusses the 3-D structure of a DNA unwinding protein and the role of prostaglandins in cell proliferation and differentiation. The book explains milk proteins and genes during lactogenesis and induction of surface immunoglobulins by lipopolysaccharides. It also examines the genetic control of milk zinc availability and the development of adult muscles in Drosophila abdomen. The concluding chapters discuss the embryonic gene regulation and biochemical markers for hematopoietic cell differentiation. The origin and significance of tissue-specific histone variant patterns in mammals are explained. Finally, the book covers DNA sequence analysis of chicken ovalbumin gene. Cell biologists, scientists, and researchers, as well as biochemists, teachers, and students will find this book invaluable.

  • Plant, Chemicals and Growth

    • 1st Edition
    • F.C. Steward
    • English
    Plants, Chemicals and Growth investigates natural and synthetic chemicals that control plant growth and development. It examines how plant growth regulators, such as 2,4-D, 2,4-dichlorophenoxya... acid, 2,4,5-T, 2,4,5-trichloropheno... acid, ammonium sulfamate, indole-3-butyric acid, disodium 3,6-endoxohexahydrop... gibberellic acid, and 2-chloroethyltrimeth... chloride, induce biological responses in plants. These responses range from tropism and chemotropism to growth of organs by cell division and enlargement, rhythmic phenomena in growth and development, initiation of lateral organs and problems of phyllotaxy, and the regulatory effects of light and temperature on growth and form. Comprised of 10 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of chemical regulators and the ways in which they elicit biological responses in plants; how chemical regulation of plants is related to the growth and development of flowering plants; cell growth and cell division; cell cycle; and cellular ontogeny. It then looks at the history and modern concepts of growth-regulating compounds, such as auxins, cytokinins, and gibberellins. The book introduces readers to how chemicals induce growth in quiescent cells; natural sources of growth stimulatory substances; synergisms and interactions of growth regulatory systems; growth-regulating effects in free cell systems; examples of biologically active compounds; the mechanisms of action of plant growth regulators; concepts and interpretations of plant growth regulation; and prospects and problems associated with chemical regulation of plant growth and behavior. Teachers, biology students, agriculturalists, and researchers will find this book extremely useful.

  • A Computer-Mapped Flora

    A Study of The County of Warwickshire
    • 1st Edition
    • D.A. Cadbury
    • English
    A Computer-Mapped Flora presents the study of county flora using electronic data processing methods to sort and codify the information gathered. This book also uses computer techniques for the construction of distribution maps that report the presence or absence of a species in a certain area and their major habitats. The book is comprised of 15 chapters. The first chapter is subdivided into two parts that discuss the previous work and a review and revision of old methods used in the study. The following paragraphs focus on the physical aspect of the topic. This volume includes chapters on the physical background, geology and soils, and historical geography. Also included in the book is a chapter dedicated to the historical survey of Warwickshire bryophytes. The following section focuses on the study and research aspect. Topics included are the recording and processing of data and habitat studies. The topics discussed in the subsequent chapters focus on plants, specifically flowering and vascular plants and bryophytes. Distribution maps, graph-plotted maps, and vascular plant checklists are some of the topics discussed. The book aims to be of service to botanists and other biologists outside of the British setting. This reference material will be helpful to other disciplines as the methods documented herein can also be applied to other studies and research.

  • Genetics and Morphogenesis in the Basidiomycetes

    • 1st Edition
    • Marvin Schwalb
    • English
    Genetics and Morphogenesis in the Basidiomycetes documents the proceedings of a symposium on Genetics and Morphogenetic Studies of Basidiomycetes held during the Second International Mycological Congress. The symposium was organized as a memorial symposium to honor the many contributions of John Robert Raper, which included the hormonal control of sexual development in fungi; the biological effects of beta radiation; and the genetic control of the incompatibility systems and morphogenesis of sexuality in higher basidiomycetes. The contributions made by researchers at the symposium include studies on control of development by genes of the incompatibility system; the genetic structure of the incompatibility factors of the higher basidiomycetes; and meiosis and recombination in basidiomycetes. Subsequent chapters deal with the evolution of incompatibility; the incompatibility system as a model for the regulation of cell differentiation; morphogentic processes in Schizophyllum commune and Coprinus lagopus; and the regulatory processes which control fruiting.

  • Isozymes

    Molecular Structure
    • 1st Edition
    • Clement Markert
    • English
    Isozymes, I: Molecular Structure contains manuscripts presented at the Third International Conference on isozymes convened in April 1974 at Yale University. Separating 52 manuscripts into chapters, this book discusses the biology and biochemistry of isozymes. It also elucidates the multiple forms of mammalian DNA-dependent DNA polymerases, as well as RNA polymerases of maize, fungi, and Escherichia coli. Significant topics on some specific isozymes are given separately in other chapters.

  • Dolichopodidae-Platypezidae

    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera, Volume 7: Dolichopodidae-Platy... offers information on family Dolichopodidae and family Platypezidae, including type-species designation, authors, and proposed names. The catalogue first elaborates on family Dolichopodidae, including subfamily Sciapodinae, Rhaphiinae, Peloropeodinae, Diaphorinae, Hydrophorinae, and Peloropeodinae. The book then examines family Lonchopteridae and family Phoridae. Topics include Dohrniphora, Megaselia, Chaetopleurophora, Gymnophora, Beckerina, and Aenigmatias. The book takes a look at family Opetiidae and family Platypezidae, as well as subfamily Microsaniinae, subfamily Callomyiinae, and subfamily Platypezinae. The catalogue is a valuable source of information for researchers interested in family Dolichopodidae and family Platypezidae.

  • Trace-Element Contamination of the Environment

    • 2nd Edition
    • D. Purves
    • English
    It is hard to imagine a more concise summary of the prodigious work and voluminous publications in this field... This volume should be available to students at the undergraduate level, to those in law school, and to all seriously concerned about an extremely important problem. This review in Choice was just one of the many favourable comments that greeted the appearance of the first edition of this book when it appeared in 1977. Since then, there has been an explosion of interest in almost every aspect of research in environmental pollution. The aim of this new edition, however, remains the same i.e. to evaluate the global biological consequences of dispersal of trace elements, originally mined from localized limited deposits, in the environment. In treating the problems of metal contamination of the environment, the author considers the problems of environmental pollution involving metals and the problem of exhaustion of finite reserves of ores of metals, such as cadmium, copper, lead, mercury, nickel and zinc, as aspects of a single global problem. A broad picture is presented of the overall process of dispersal of trace elements in the environment and the biological consequences of this process are documented with the aid of an intensive list of references. The book will be invaluable as a definitive reference source covering this field of interest for a wide range of people (environmentalists and conservationists, those concerned with management of resources and waste disposal, and agricultural chemists and soil scientists.)

  • Chemistry and Biological Activities of Bacterial Surface Amphiphiles

    • 1st Edition
    • Gerald Shockman
    • English
    Chemistry and Biological Activities of Bacterial Surface Amphiphiles is a collection of papers presented at a workshop entitled Chemistry and Biological Activities of Bacterial Surface Amphiphiles, held in New Orleans, Louisiana, January 12, 1981. The goals of the workshop were to review the state of knowledge of bacterial amphiphiles; to consider and possibly standardize approaches to testing for biological activities of amphiphiles; to set guidelines for criteria of purity of amphiphile preparations used in biological testing; to determine major future avenues in amphiphile research; and to foster future cooperative research in the field. The book is organized into eight parts. Part I contains papers on the chemical composition and biological properties of bacterial amphiphiles. Part II presents studies on the extraction and purification of amphiphiles. The papers in Part III focus on the detection and quantitation of bacterial amphiphiles. Part IV presents studies on the physical properties of bacterial amphiphiles. The contributions in Parts V and VI deal with the biosynthesis of amphiphiles and the role of amphiphiles in the producing organisms, respectively. Part VII examines interactions of bacterial amphiphiles with mammalian systems. Part VIII presents the final plenary session to the workshop, which reviewed areas of discussion that followed the formal presentations.

  • Humoral Factors in Host Defense

    • 1st Edition
    • Yuichi Yamamura
    • English
    Humoral Factors in Host Defense contains the proceedings of the First Takeda Science Foundation Symposium on Bioscience, held on October 28-30, 1982, in Kyoto, Japan. The symposium focused on the humoral factors regulating immune responses, with emphasis on T cell-derived immunoregulatory molecules; molecular mechanisms of interferons; factors involved in differentiation and activation of immunocytes; and the use of the molecular genetics approach to host defense factors. Organized into four parts encompassing 22 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of interleukin-2 and T cell-replacing factors, along with their immunological functions and biochemical features. It then discusses antigen-specific T cell factors; immunoregulatory molecules from human monoclonal T cells; physiological and pathological roles of lymphokines; regulation of the immune system by monoclonal T cell peptides; production of a glycosylated human protein by recombinant DNA technology; and molecular genetics of immunoglobulin genes and the major histocompatibility antigen. Geneticists and biologists will find this book extremely useful.

  • Structure and Metabolic Mechanisms

    • 1st Edition
    • Walter Lovenberg
    • English
    Iron-Sulfur Proteins, Volume III: Structure and Metabolic Mechanisms focuses on numerous advances that have been made in the vital role of iron-sulfur proteins in biological processes. Of the 10 chapters in this book, five chapters present advances in biochemical areas and the other five chapters discuss some of the elegant physical studies made. This book begins with a description of the nitrogenase gene and the molecular mechanism of this complex enzyme. It then centers on the role of iron-sulfur proteins in mammalian mitochondrial function, as well as on the mechanism of biosynthesis and the function of these proteins in formate metabolism. Different approaches that have yielded advances in the understanding of the iron-sulfur clusters are also shown. This book also gives an in-depth discussion on the theoretical aspects of the redox properties of iron-sulfur proteins.

  • Biology of Fertilization V2

    Biology of The Sperm
    • 1st Edition
    • Charles Metz
    • English
    Biology of Fertilization, Volume 2: Biology of the Sperm is the second in a three-volume series that brings together various lines of research about reproduction in general and fertilization in particular. It is devoted to spermatogenesis, sperm physiology, and the initial interactions of sperm with egg components. The book is organized into three parts. Part I on spermatogenesis and sperm physiology includes studies on the evolution of the sperm cell; regulatory mechanisms, sperm antigen differentiation, and maturation of sperm in the reproductive tracts in mammals; physicochemical mechanisms of the acrosome filament extrusion process; and enzymes associated with sperm cell function. Part II deals with chemotaxis in microorganisms: bacteria and slime molds. Part III on gamete recognition and binding includes studies on identifying, isolating, and characterizing specific sperm and egg surface components involved in sperm-egg interaction; fertilization in the alga Fucus; fertilization in insects; and the role of lysins in fertilization.

  • The Computerized Greenhouse

    Automatic Control Application in Plant Production
    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    The aim of this book is to open up research areas in automatic control engineering for crop production systems in horticulture and agriculture, and to explain the principle ideas of advanced automatic control in plant production. The text includes detailed discussions of:- Fundamental systems engineering concepts- Modeling- Control for agricultural systems- Optimal control and its applications- Artificial intelligence for agricultural applications

  • The Molecular Biology of Ciliated Protozoa

    • 1st Edition
    • Joseph Gall
    • English
    The Molecular Biology of Ciliated Protozoa covers topics that are unique to ciliates, including major molecular progress, genetics, life history, and development of ciliates. Organized into 11 chapters, it focuses on the importance of ciliated protozoa as experimental organisms. The introductory chapter traces the ups and downs of ciliate biology, emphasizing the prominent role of the ciliates in early studies of cell structure, reproduction, and heredity. The book goes on to discuss ciliate genetics and conjugation, providing the basic biological framework for molecular studies of ciliate. Chapters 4 and 5 cover the nuclear DNA content, sequence, and arrangement of holotrichous and hypotrich ciliates. Chapters 6 to 9 examine the characterization of chromosomal telomeres, ribosomal gene amplification, and chromatin and histone structure using ciliated protozoa as experimental organisms. The final two chapters describe the mating mechanism of two ciliates, Blepharisma japonicum and Euplotes raikovi, and the function of surface antigens of Paramecium ciliate. The book is intended for students and investigators who want to learn more about the ciliated protozoa, particularly, in areas that cover fundamental features of eukaryotic biology.

  • Recombinant DNA

    Science, Ethics and Politics
    • 1st Edition
    • John Richards
    • English
    Recombinant DNA: Science, Ethics, and Politics emerged from papers presented at a conference, Ethical and Methodological Dimensions of Scientific Research: Recombinant DNA, A Case Study, held at the University of Georgia, April 15-16, 1977. Starting with an introduction to the methods and uses of recombinant DNA technology, the remaining contributions made by researchers at the symposium are organized into four parts. The first part contains papers on the development and utilization of recombinant DNA technology; genetic engineering in agriculture; and the dangers of unrestricted research. The second part focuses on the ethical aspects of recombinant DNA research. It includes studies such as ethical prerequisites for examining biological research; the limitations of broad moral policies; and ethical theories underlying the recombinant DNA controversy. The third part examines the legal aspects of recombinant DNA research and examines the issue of whether such research should be regulated. The papers in the fourth part consider directors for future research.

  • Agriculture and the Environment

    Papers presented at the International Conference, 10-13 November 1991
    • 1st Edition
    • C.A. Edwards + 3 more
    • English
    Until the 1980s, global increases in food production exceeded the concomitant growth of human populations. However, progressively agriculture is becoming unable to meet the world-wide per capita needs for food. Unless there is major international cooperation in addressing the problems associated with population control, it is predicted that the global human population will reach more than 14 billion by the year 2050, with provision of adequate food, fuel and space for such an increased population unachievable.These problems are accentuated by factors such as world-wide reductions in soil fertility, the accelerating degradation of land that is suitable for food production through soil erosion, the world-wide trend for migration of human populations from rural habitats to cities and extremely rapid rates of global deforestation.Possib... solutions to global sustainability in agriculture and natural resources must involve an integration of ecological, sociological, cultural, and economic considerations, as well as mandated international and national policies. This publication outlines these problems and attempts to seek solutions.

  • Chemical Defenses of Arthropods

    • 1st Edition
    • Murry Blum
    • English
    Chemical Defenses of Arthropods charts the significant progress in the study of chemical defenses in arthropods, a rapidly expanding area of chemical ecology. The book groups the defensive compounds secreted by arthropods based on their main functionalities and sequentially lists them according to their carbon numbers. Organized into 19 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the defensive exudates of arthropods and how arthropods have exploited these compounds to deter the ubiquitous and omnipresent predators around them. The next chapters introduce the reader to the defensive compounds produced in the exocrine glands of arthropods, ranging from alcohols and ketones to hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids, esters, 1,4-quinones and hydroquinones, lactones, phenols, steroids, and proteinaceous venoms. The book also discusses the taxonomic value of arthropod defensive compounds, with emphasis on factors affecting the composition of defensive secretions and taxonomic correlations that utilize them. Later chapters focus on arthropod biosynthesis of exocrine compounds, how insects tolerate the presence of plant toxins in their diets, and identified defensive compounds in arthropods. The book concludes with an analysis of the properties and characteristic distributions of arthropod natural products, along with their adaptiveness as defensive agents. This book is a valuable resource for biologists and chemists.

  • Environmental Control of Cell Synthesis and Function

    The 5th International symposium on the Continuous Culture of Micro-Organisms, Held at St. Catherine's College, University of Oxford, July 1971
    • 1st Edition
    • A Dean
    • English
    Environmental Control of Cell Synthesis and Function presents the proceedings of the Fifth International Symposium on the Continuous Culture of Micro-organisms, held at St. Catherine’s College, University of Oxford, on July 19-24, 1971. It reflects the symposium’s four main areas of interest, namely, kinetics of growth, advances in equipment design and operation, influence of environment on the control of cell synthesis, and physico-chemical effects on cell structure and functioning, and some 20 individual topics. With a strong focus on the influence of chemical and physical nature of the growth environment on the structure and functioning of microbial cell, the book starts by presenting the chemostat theory, its validity, extensions, and future challenges. It goes on to discuss the progress in environmental control of continuous culture, the product formation in continuous culture, and internal and external conditions involved in its control. Chapters 3 to 8 explore the hypertrophic and continuously synchronized growths; mixed culture studies with the chemostat; kinetics of growth on aqueous-oil and aqueous-solid dispersed systems; design and operation improvements of the chemostat; and the role of turbidostat. Chapters 9 to 14 focus on the influence of environmental and cellular factors on cell physiology. The concluding chapters discuss the application of continuous culture to research in microbiology, particularly, to problems of microbial physiology. This book is ideal for microbial researchers, microbial physiologists, and cell biologists who are particularly interested in continuous culture techniques.

  • The Living State

    With Observations on Cancer
    • 1st Edition
    • Albert Szent-Gyorgyi
    • English
    The Living State: With Observations on Cancer explores some facets of life, including its pattern and structure, cellular mechanisms, and its connection with biochemistry and biophysics. It reflects the author’s journey in his desire to understand life by looking at cells, animals, bacteria, molecules, and electrons, as well as his observations on cancer. Organized into eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the scientific community's longstanding pursuit to understand life and its origins. It then discusses water as an essential medium of organic matter on which life's machinery is built, along with the motion of muscle; biological stability and the paradox of evolution; the energetics of the biosphere based on the interaction of hydrogen and oxygen; the principles of defense against cellular damage; and how defense is linked to the regulation of growth in plants and animals. The reader is also introduced to growth regulation as a defense mechanism, which corrects mechanical injury in animals; the way that ketone aldehydes inhibit cell division; the theory of cancer; and cancer therapy. Biologists, chemists, and physicists will find this book an interesting read.

  • Plant Disease: An Advanced Treatise

    How Plants Defend Themselves
    • 1st Edition
    • James G. Horsfall
    • English
    Plant Disease An Advanced Treatise, Volume V: How Plants Defend Themselves describes the active, passive, physical, chemical, mechanical, and physiological defense systems of plants against the pathogens. Divided into 23 chapters, this volume discusses theories, experimental approaches, and ways to help plant defend themselves. The opening chapters of this volume deal with certain general aspects of plant defense, such as the theories of “tolerance to disease” and “the time sequence of defense”, including a dynamic model of defense. A chapter discusses how plant populations defend themselves in natural ecosystem and the implications of disease management on agroecosystems. Considerable chapters examine the defense by the host by analogy with defense of a medieval castle, such as perimeter, internal, and chemical defenses. Discussions on the defenses triggered by the invading pathogen; recognition and compatibility phenomena; the concept of hypersensitivity; the role of phytoalexins in defense; and the metabolic detoxification done by plants to suffer less damage from toxins are provided. This volume also discusses the theory and mechanisms of hypovirulence and hyperparasitism. The concluding chapters summarize the effects of numerous nutrients on disease and the mechanisms involved. This volume is an invaluable source for plant pathologists, mycologists, advanced researches, and graduate students.

  • Toxic Constituents of Animal Foodstuffs

    • 1st Edition
    • Irvin Liener
    • English
    Toxic Constituents of Animal Foodstuffs focuses on toxic substances that occur naturally as well as those that are deliberately or inadvertently introduced by man in animal foodstuffs. This book gives specific discussions on food contaminants in meat, dairy products, avian and fish eggs, shellfish, fish, and algae. It notes that the naturally occurring toxicants seem to be confined mainly to avian and fish eggs and to certain kinds of shellfish and amphibia. Examples of toxicity due to the introduction of synthetic chemicals may be found in most meat and dairy products. Moreover, special consideration is given to the problem of the carcinogenic nitrosamines in meat products to which nitrites have been added. This reference will convey an increased awareness of the fact that even products of animal origin may prove to be potentially hazardous to health because of certain toxic substances. Consequently, there will be a vital need for their close surveillance in the food chain.

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