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Elsevier Science

Cyclostratigraphy and the Milankovitch Theory
1st Edition
Volume 52
W. Schwarzacher
English
Cyclostratigraphy is concerned primarily with measuring geological time and the time units used in this approach are sedimentary cycles. Milankovitch cycles mark time intervals of tens of thousands to several millions of years. Such cycles are the result of variations in the Earth's position in relation to the Sun and these in turn determine the climatic variations. The Milankovitch theory was resurrected in the 1960's when evidence from Pleistocene deep sea sediments linked orbital variations and climate.This monograph discusses sedimentary cycles and their use in measuring geologic time. There is considerable effort made to clarify the term "sedimentary cycle", in particular, the two opposing concepts of cyclic stratification and event stratification. The recognition of sedimentary cycles and of Milankovitch cycles specifically, is considered and care is taken with the question of relating sediment thickness to time. Several examples from the Carboniferous to the Cretaceous are given to show how cyclostratigraphy can be applied to current geological problems. This volume should be of interest to geologists involved with stratigraphical analysis and basin analysis.
New Aspects of Spillover Effect in Catalysis
For Development of Highly Active Catalysts
1st Edition
Volume 77
K. Fujimoto + 3 more
English
The spillover effect is one of the most promising factors in the enhancement of catalytic reaction rates. The spillover phenemenon was found in the 1960s by several research groups independently. It was defined at the previous International Symposium on Spillover as follows Spillover involves the transport of active species which are adsorbed or formed on a first phase onto another phase that does not adsorb or form the species under the same condition. However, this effect appears typically in the dynamic state, i.e., during reactions, which advance with a considerable reaction rate. This makes it difficult to elucidate the spillover effect through static methods. Therefore, more fundamental investigations are necessary. The development of alternative energy sources and protection of the environment demands highly selective and very rapid catalytic reactions at deviating conditions. To achieve these goals new concepts, such as the spillover effect, are needed. This proceedings book, which comprises 80 papers, contains methods for preparing catalysts in order to realize spillover effects and suggests the most probable mechanisms to explain these non-linear phenomena. It also contains studies on applications of the spillover effect to improve industrial catalytic processes.The book will be invaluable in the development of industrial catalysts and for solving energy and environmental protection problems.
Progress in Medicinal Chemistry
1st Edition
Volume 30
English
In this volume, the medicinal chemistry of the rapidly expanding family of retinoids, of promising semi-synthetic erythromycins and of the multifaceted amidines is reviewed. Another chapter continues the coverage of inorganic elements which have a medical role; recent studies on the various biological roles of manganese are also examined. Inhibition of enkephalin-degrading enzymes is reviewed, as are studies of the digitalis recognition site which are expected to lead to the development of more highly selective inotropic drugs. This work should be of value to medicinal chemists, pharmacists and pharmacologists. It should also be appreciated by all newcomers, as well as those who wish to be kept up to date with recent work on these topics.
Advances in Developmental Biochemistry
1st Edition
Volume 2b
Paul Wassarman
English
Advances in Developmental Biochemistry was launched as a series by JAI Press in 1992 with the appearance of Volume 1. This series is inextricably linked to the companion series, Advances in Developmental Biology, that was launched at the same time. As stated in the Preface to Volume 1: "Together the two series will provide annual reviews of research topics in developmental biology/biochemistry... written from the perspectives of leading investigators in these fields. It is intended that each review draw heavily from the author's own research contributions and perspective. Thus, the presentations are not necessarily encyclopedic in coverage, nor do they necessarily reflect all opposing views of the subject." Volume 2 of the series follows these same guidelines.
Engine Tribology
1st Edition
C.M. Taylor
English
Customer expectations and international competition are obliging car and commercial vehicle manufacturers to produce more efficient and cleaner products in shorter product cycle times. The consideration of Engine Tribology has a leading role to play in helping to achieve these goals. Specific areas of interdisciplinary interest include: design influences on fuel economy and emissions; new materials (ceramics, steels, coatings, lubricants, additives); low viscosity lubricants; and low heat rejection (adiabatic) engines.This volume gives a detailed and current review on some basic features of tribology particularly associated with internal combustion engines such as: lubrication analysis relevant to plain bearings, Hertzian contact theory and elastohydrodynamic lubrication associated with cams and followers and friction and wear in a general context. Several chapters examine engine bearings, valve trains, (cams and followers) and piston assemblies. For each machine element a background introduction is followed by design interpretations and a consideration of future developments. The important topic of materials, solids and lubricants is focused upon in the concluding chapters.The work will be of interest to engineers and researchers in the automobile, automotive products, petroleum and associated industries.
Microbial Enhancement of Oil Recovery - Recent Advances
1st Edition
Volume 39
E.T. Premuzic + 1 more
English
This volume is concerned with many aspects of petroleum microbiology and biochemistry, all with strong commercial applications. Worldwide research on the major topic, MEOR (Microbially Enhanced Oil Recovery) is comprehensively covered under experimental work, field applications and modeling. The challenge of formulating a complete in situ MEOR system (microorganisms, nutrient package, and other amendments) is explored together with the future needs in the design and execution of this new biotechnology.
Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Science and Technology
1st Edition
Volume 76
J.S. Magee + 1 more
English
The primary focus of this book as a whole is on performance - performance of the catalyst, of its surface, of the FCC unit, of the feedstocks employed, of the analytical methods used to characterize the catalysts, and of environmentally directed regulations that govern the production of transportation fuels from petroleum. The emphasis on catalyst performance, particularly commercial performance, essentially dictated that the chapter authors be experienced industrial catalytic chemists and engineers. However, each author approached the task with a clear-cut obligation to connect the roots of the science of FCC catalysis with the technology.Fluid Catalytic Cracking: Science and Technology has been written for workers in industrial catalysis and academia, including graduate students in chemistry or chemical engineering who are interested in acquiring an overall knowledge of one of the world's most important areas of catalysis. The book is concise, each topic is treated briefly; complete, all aspects of FCC catalysis are covered; and clear, anyone involved in this field will find topics of interest.
Aging and Life Extension of Major Light Water Reactor Components
1st Edition
V.N. Shah + 1 more
English
In a comprehensive and lucid manner this book presents an understanding of the aging degradation of the major pressurized and boiling water reactor structures and components. The design and fabrication of each structure or component is briefly described followed by information on the associated stressors. Interactions between the design, materials, and various stressors that cause aging degradation are reviewed. In many cases, aging degradation problems have occurred, and the plant experience to date is analysed. The discussions summarize the available aging-related information and are supported with extensive references, including references to U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) documents, Electric Power Research Institute reports, U.S. and international conference proceedings and other publications. The book will prove a useful reference for engineers engaged in the operation and life extension of the present generation of nuclear power plants and for those engaged in the design of advanced light water reactors. It will also provide engineering students with insight into the practical materials-related issues associated with the design and operation of nuclear power plants. The work will also serve as a basis for programs to address the new aging-related issues likely to arise as plants get older.
Estimation Theory in Hydrology and Water Systems
1st Edition
Volume 42
K. Nacházel
English
Methodological procedures of the theory of estimation of statistical parameters of time series and their application to hydrology and water engineering, particularly the sphere of reservoir-controlled runoffs, are dealt with in this volume. For estimates use is made of random sequences generated for various probability properties. This methodological approach enables examination of the properties of random and systematic errors of the parameters estimated even for the asymmetrical probability distributions, which are frequent in hydrology and water engineering. This book will be of interest to stochastic hydrologists.
Experimental Design: A Chemometric Approach
2nd Edition
Volume 11
S.N. Deming + 1 more
English
Now available is the second edition of a book which has been described as "...an exceptionally lucid, easy-to-read presentation... would be an excellent addition to the collection of every analytical chemist. I recommend it with great enthusiasm." (Analytical Chemistry)N.R. Draper reviewed the first edition in Publication of the International Statistical Institute "...discussion is careful, sensible, amicable, and modern and can be recommended for the intended readership."The scope of the first edition has been revised, enlarged and expanded. Approximately 30% of the text is new. The book first introduces the reader to the fundamentals of experimental design. Systems theory, response surface concepts, and basic statistics serve as a basis for the further development of matrix least squares and hypothesis testing. The effects of different experimental designs and different models on the variance-covariance matrix and on the analysis of variance (ANOVA) are extensively discussed. Applications and advanced topics (such as confidence bands, rotatability, and confounding) complete the text. Numerous worked examples are presented.The clear and practical approach adopted by the authors makes the book applicable to a wide audience. It will appeal particularly to those with a practical need (scientists, engineers, managers, research workers) who have completed their formal education but who still need to know efficient ways of carrying out experiments. It will also be an ideal text for advanced undergraduate and graduate students following courses in chemometrics, data acquisition and treatment, and design of experiments.

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