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Elsevier Science

Advances in Space Biology and Medicine
1st Edition
Volume 2
S.L. Bonting
English
This volume has contributions from the United States (3), Russia (2), and Europe (4). These contributions include investigations of biological problems encountered in spaceflight by humans, animals, plants, and single cells, as well as studies of a fundamental biological problem aided by space experiments. Two extensive chapters attempt to determine the mechanisms of the effects of long-term space missions on the human body (Grigoriev and Egorov, Russia), and the adaptative mechanisms operative in the human body under these conditions (same authors). Other chapters deal with ultrastructural observations of myocardial deconditioning (Philpott et al., United States), fluid and electrolyte regulation (Gharib and Hughson, France/Canada), human nutrition in space (Hinghofer-Szalkay and Konig, Austria), growth and cell division in plants (Krikorian et al., United States), mechanisms of the effects of gravity on single cells (Mesland, The Netherlands), orbital exobiology studies of the origin of life (Hornech and Brack, Germany/France), and my own contribution on the use of chemical sensors for space biomedical research and monitoring of water recycling.
Computational Statistics
1st Edition
Volume 9
Rao
English
Intelligent Software for Chemical Analysis
1st Edition
Volume 13
L.M.C. Buydens + 1 more
English
Various emerging techniques for automating intelligent functions in the laboratory are described in this book. Explanations on how systems work are given and possible application areas are suggested. The main part of the book is devoted to providing data which will enable the reader to develop and test his own systems. The emphasis is on expert systems; however, promising developments such as self-adaptive systems, neural networks and genetic algorithms are also described. The book has been written by chemists with a great deal of practical experience in developing and testing intelligent software, and therefore offers first-hand knowledge. Laboratory staff and managers confronted with commercial intelligent software will find information on the functioning, possibilities and limitations thereof, enabling them to select and use modern software in an optimum fashion. Finally, computer scientists and information scientists will find a wealth of data on the application of contemporary artificial intelligence techniques.
Cyclostratigraphy and the Milankovitch Theory
1st Edition
Volume 52
W. Schwarzacher
English
Cyclostratigraphy is concerned primarily with measuring geological time and the time units used in this approach are sedimentary cycles. Milankovitch cycles mark time intervals of tens of thousands to several millions of years. Such cycles are the result of variations in the Earth's position in relation to the Sun and these in turn determine the climatic variations. The Milankovitch theory was resurrected in the 1960's when evidence from Pleistocene deep sea sediments linked orbital variations and climate.This monograph discusses sedimentary cycles and their use in measuring geologic time. There is considerable effort made to clarify the term "sedimentary cycle", in particular, the two opposing concepts of cyclic stratification and event stratification. The recognition of sedimentary cycles and of Milankovitch cycles specifically, is considered and care is taken with the question of relating sediment thickness to time. Several examples from the Carboniferous to the Cretaceous are given to show how cyclostratigraphy can be applied to current geological problems. This volume should be of interest to geologists involved with stratigraphical analysis and basin analysis.
New Aspects of Spillover Effect in Catalysis
For Development of Highly Active Catalysts
1st Edition
Volume 77
K. Fujimoto + 3 more
English
The spillover effect is one of the most promising factors in the enhancement of catalytic reaction rates. The spillover phenemenon was found in the 1960s by several research groups independently. It was defined at the previous International Symposium on Spillover as follows Spillover involves the transport of active species which are adsorbed or formed on a first phase onto another phase that does not adsorb or form the species under the same condition. However, this effect appears typically in the dynamic state, i.e., during reactions, which advance with a considerable reaction rate. This makes it difficult to elucidate the spillover effect through static methods. Therefore, more fundamental investigations are necessary. The development of alternative energy sources and protection of the environment demands highly selective and very rapid catalytic reactions at deviating conditions. To achieve these goals new concepts, such as the spillover effect, are needed. This proceedings book, which comprises 80 papers, contains methods for preparing catalysts in order to realize spillover effects and suggests the most probable mechanisms to explain these non-linear phenomena. It also contains studies on applications of the spillover effect to improve industrial catalytic processes.The book will be invaluable in the development of industrial catalysts and for solving energy and environmental protection problems.
Progress in Medicinal Chemistry
1st Edition
Volume 30
English
In this volume, the medicinal chemistry of the rapidly expanding family of retinoids, of promising semi-synthetic erythromycins and of the multifaceted amidines is reviewed. Another chapter continues the coverage of inorganic elements which have a medical role; recent studies on the various biological roles of manganese are also examined. Inhibition of enkephalin-degrading enzymes is reviewed, as are studies of the digitalis recognition site which are expected to lead to the development of more highly selective inotropic drugs. This work should be of value to medicinal chemists, pharmacists and pharmacologists. It should also be appreciated by all newcomers, as well as those who wish to be kept up to date with recent work on these topics.
Advances in Developmental Biochemistry
1st Edition
Volume 2b
Paul Wassarman
English
Advances in Developmental Biochemistry was launched as a series by JAI Press in 1992 with the appearance of Volume 1. This series is inextricably linked to the companion series, Advances in Developmental Biology, that was launched at the same time. As stated in the Preface to Volume 1: "Together the two series will provide annual reviews of research topics in developmental biology/biochemistry... written from the perspectives of leading investigators in these fields. It is intended that each review draw heavily from the author's own research contributions and perspective. Thus, the presentations are not necessarily encyclopedic in coverage, nor do they necessarily reflect all opposing views of the subject." Volume 2 of the series follows these same guidelines.
Microbial Enhancement of Oil Recovery - Recent Advances
1st Edition
Volume 39
E.T. Premuzic + 1 more
English
This volume is concerned with many aspects of petroleum microbiology and biochemistry, all with strong commercial applications. Worldwide research on the major topic, MEOR (Microbially Enhanced Oil Recovery) is comprehensively covered under experimental work, field applications and modeling. The challenge of formulating a complete in situ MEOR system (microorganisms, nutrient package, and other amendments) is explored together with the future needs in the design and execution of this new biotechnology.
Fluid Catalytic Cracking
Science and Technology
1st Edition
Volume 76
J.S. Magee + 1 more
English
The primary focus of this book as a whole is on performance - performance of the catalyst, of its surface, of the FCC unit, of the feedstocks employed, of the analytical methods used to characterize the catalysts, and of environmentally directed regulations that govern the production of transportation fuels from petroleum. The emphasis on catalyst performance, particularly commercial performance, essentially dictated that the chapter authors be experienced industrial catalytic chemists and engineers. However, each author approached the task with a clear-cut obligation to connect the roots of the science of FCC catalysis with the technology.Fluid Catalytic Cracking: Science and Technology has been written for workers in industrial catalysis and academia, including graduate students in chemistry or chemical engineering who are interested in acquiring an overall knowledge of one of the world's most important areas of catalysis. The book is concise, each topic is treated briefly; complete, all aspects of FCC catalysis are covered; and clear, anyone involved in this field will find topics of interest.
Engine Tribology
1st Edition
C.M. Taylor
English
Customer expectations and international competition are obliging car and commercial vehicle manufacturers to produce more efficient and cleaner products in shorter product cycle times. The consideration of Engine Tribology has a leading role to play in helping to achieve these goals. Specific areas of interdisciplinary interest include: design influences on fuel economy and emissions; new materials (ceramics, steels, coatings, lubricants, additives); low viscosity lubricants; and low heat rejection (adiabatic) engines.This volume gives a detailed and current review on some basic features of tribology particularly associated with internal combustion engines such as: lubrication analysis relevant to plain bearings, Hertzian contact theory and elastohydrodynamic lubrication associated with cams and followers and friction and wear in a general context. Several chapters examine engine bearings, valve trains, (cams and followers) and piston assemblies. For each machine element a background introduction is followed by design interpretations and a consideration of future developments. The important topic of materials, solids and lubricants is focused upon in the concluding chapters.The work will be of interest to engineers and researchers in the automobile, automotive products, petroleum and associated industries.

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