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Elsevier

Elsevier Science

  • Microwave Excited Plasmas

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 4
    • M. Moisan + 1 more
    • English
    The contrasting examples of microwave plasmas given in this volume demonstrate their capability of not only covering the totality of expressed needs in that particular field, but in many others. For example the ions and reactive neutral species, indispensable for the synergetic effects in etching and deposition processes can be used in metallurgical treatment, and for materials processing in general. They also have the ability to dissociate molecules and excite atoms as required in analytical chemistry where the information on the constituent concentrations is obtained through optical spectroscopy or mass spectrometry. Finally, microwave plasmas can supply the photons for laser and lighting applications. It is noteworthy that microwave plasmas cover an impressive pressure range of eight orders of magnitude from 10-3 Pa (10-5 torr) to above atmospheric pressure. The versatility of microwave plasmas, their moderate cost, and their ease of implementation particularly appeal to the industrial entrepreneur. As well as providing a review of current developments, the work proposes a synthesis on microwave discharges, laying out the corresponding physical references without developing too much plasma theory. It will be of interest both to the user, who may not be overly concerned about plasma science, and to the plasma expert, who may wish to redirect his interest towards plasma applications, such as materials processing.

  • The Human Hypothalamus in Health and Disease

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 93
    • English

  • Sampling of Heterogeneous and Dynamic Material Systems

    Theories of Heterogeneity, Sampling and Homogenizing
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 10
    • P.M. Gy
    • English
    Although sampling errors inevitably lead to analytical errors, the importance of sampling is often overlooked. The main purpose of this book is to enable the reader to identify every possible source of sampling error in order to derive practical rules to (a) completely suppress avoidable errors, and (b) minimise and estimate the effect of unavoidable errors. In short, the degree of representativeness of the sample can be known by applying these rules. The scope covers the derivation of theories of probabilistic sampling and of bed-blending from a complete theory of heterogeneity which is based on an original, very thorough, qualitative and quantitative analysis of the concepts of homogeneity and heterogeneity. All sampling errors result from the existence of one form or another of heterogeneity. Sampling theory is derived from the theory of heterogeneity by application of a probabilistic operator to a material whose heterogeneity has been characterized either by a simple scalar (a variance: zero-dimensional batches) or by a function (a variogram: one-dimensional batches). A theory of bed-blending (one-dimensional homogenizing) is then easily derived from the sampling theory. The book should be of interest to all analysts and to those dealing with quality, process control and monitoring, either for technical or for commercial purposes, and mineral processing. Although this book is primarily aimed at graduates, large portions of it are suitable for teaching sampling theory to undergraduates as it contains many practical examples provided by the author's 30-year experience as an international consultant. The book also contains useful source material for short courses in Industry.

  • Natural Rubber

    Biology, Cultivation and Technology
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 23
    • M.R. Sethuraj + 1 more
    • English
    No other book on natural rubber covers such a broad spectrum of subjects as this unique publication. Subjects related to the biology, cultivation and technology of natural rubber are dealt with, along with such important aspects as its history, production and processing, through to its sophisticated engineering applications. Every chapter follows a monograph style of presentation, with comprehensive citations and depth of treatment. Contributions from highly experienced, and still active, renowned scientists reflect the truly international effort to the development of this commodity. In addition to the wealth of information presented, most of the chapters contain elaborate lists of earlier contributions in the respective fields; one chapter each has been included on rubber wood, ancillary products and guayule.

  • Environmental Science Theory

    Concepts and Methods in a One-World, Problem-Oriented Paradigm
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 52
    • W.T. de Groot
    • English
    Having no competitive works, this unique publication presents a single structure for the analysis, explanation and solution of environmental problems, regardless of their location, nature or scale.In this problem-oriented approach, a coherent framework interconnects the study of facts and values, environmental systems, social causes and ethical premises. Counterbalancing current biases, the author emphasizes the fundamental, normative, economic and social-scientific aspects of truly interdisciplinary environmental science. For instance, the normative side of environmental problems are often neglected, resulting in policy designs and evaluations containing inefficient mixtures of sophisticated models and poorly grounded normative premises; this is the first major study to enrich the field with more normative consistency and groundedness. It is also the first text to consistently identify the social causes of environmental problems, rather than focusing on the physical-scientific aspects, and thus design deeper and more effective policies. Furthermore, a tinge of post-modern thinking runs throughout the book, with special care being taken, however, to constantly keep in view the practical relevance of theory for problem-oriented work.The book will be of interest to environmental scientists and managers wishing to improve the consistency and depth of their work, to social scientists and geographers wishing to connect their discipline to the environmental problems field, and to general scientists interested in the connections between philosophy and practice.

  • Digital Control of Electric Drives

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 43
    • R. Koziol + 2 more
    • English
    The electromechanical systems employed in different branches of industry are utilized most often as drives of working machines which must be fed with electric energy in a continuous, periodic or even discrete way. Some of these machines operate at constant speed, others require wide and varying energy control. In many designs the synchronous cooperation of several electric drives is required in addition to the desired dynamic properties. For these reasons the control of the cooperation and dynamics of electromechanical systems requires the use of computers.This book adopts an unusual approach to the subject in that it treats the electric drive system on the one hand as an element of a control system and on the other as an element of a complex automatic system. These two trends in the development of the automatic control of electric drives have resulted in a volume that provides a thorough overview on the variety of different approaches to the design of control systems.

  • Molecular Immunology

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 5
    • K.R. Miller
    • English
    Immune responses result from the activation of an elaborate network of interacting cells occurring in specific microenvironments. Attention in recent years has been focussed intensively on a number of issues. Included among these are: the developmental pathways of the two major types of lymphocytes, T and B cells; the nature of their specific receptors for antigen and of their various accessory surface molecules; the subsequent fate of the cells following encounter with antigen presented as such or on a variety of cells; and the function of the effector molecules produced after successful activation by antigen. The present volume is concerned with some of these issues, and also with their potential application to the control of autoimmune phenomena and parasitic infestations.

  • The Peptidergic Neuron

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 92
    • English

  • Multivariate Pattern Recognition in Chemometrics

    Illustrated by Case Studies
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 9
    • R.G. Brereton
    • English
    Chemometrics originated from multivariate statistics in chemistry, and this field is still the core of the subject. The increasing availability of user-friendly software in the laboratory has prompted the need to optimize it safely. This work comprises material presented in courses organized from 1987-1992, aimed mainly at professionals in industry. The book covers approaches for pattern recognition as applied, primarily, to multivariate chemical data. These include data reduction and display techniques, principal components analysis and methods for classification and clustering. Comprehensive case studies illustrate the book, including numerical examples, and extensive problems are interspersed throughout the text. The book contains extensive cross-referencing between various chapters, comparing different notations and approaches, enabling readers from different backgrounds to benefit from it and to move around chapters at will. Worked examples and exercises are given, making the volume valuable for courses. Tutorial versions of SPECTRAMAP and SIRIUS are optionally available as a Software Supplement, at a low price, to accompany the text.

  • Modern Methods of Aquaculture in Japan

    • 2nd Edition
    • Volume 24
    • H. Ikenoue + 1 more
    • English
    Fish farming has increased in status equal to cattle farming as a source of food for mankind. In developing countries fish and shellfish provide inexpensive animal protein, while in developed countries aquaculture is expected to produce more fish and shellfish as a source of low-calorie protein for health conscious individuals. In such an era, knowledge of fish farming technologies of different countries, strongly influenced by cultural factors, is of valuable importance. The primary production techniques of fish farming in Japan described here have an emphasis on practical technology. This second edition reflects the changes in both quantity of production and technology in Japanese aquaculture. The statistics have been revised and the text rewritten to suit the current status of aquaculture in Japan; new aquaculture species have been included and discussions on marine ranching and biotechnology for aquaculture added.

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