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Elsevier Science

Molecular Approach to Solids
1st Edition
Volume 23
A.N. Lazarev
J.R. Durig
English
The current volume in the series Vibrational Spectra and Structure is a single topic volume on the vibrational spectra of molecules containing silicon in the solid state. Molecular Approaches to Solids has been treated by the workers in the Institute for Silicate Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Science in St. Petersburg for the past two decades. In the last 15 years, a number of publications have originated from the laboratory where quantum mechanical computations for suitably selected molecules have been utilized to explain the origins of some structure bonding interrelationships and silicates and to evaluate their force constants.Since most of the developments in this area have been published in the Russian literature they remain relatively inaccessible to the Western scientists. This volume is a compilation of many of these publications and summarizes the essential conclusions of these studies.Unfortunatel... Professor Lazarev passed away after he had submitted the volume for publication.
Mesoporous Molecular Sieves 1998
1st Edition
Volume 117
L. Bonneviot + 4 more
English
The original properties of mesoporous molecular sieves are so unique that the design of most existing catalysts could be reconsidered. It might indeed be of interest to introduce MMS either as a support or as the active phase, merely on the basis of their high surface areas, narrow pore size distribution and flexibility in composition. The recent literature provides examples of MMS based catalysts of many types such as acid-base solids, supported metals and supported oxides, mixed oxides, anchored complexes and clusters, grafted organic functional groups and others. Examples of all these developments are documented in the present proceedings including some spectacular new proposals. The new metallic (Pt) mesophases are specially worth mentioning because they represent a new approach to producing non-supported highly dispersed metals.In these proceedings the reader will find feature articles and regular papers from many worldwide groups, covering all aspects of synthesis, physical characterization and catalytic reactivity of MMS and their chemically modified forms. It is actually remarkable that this recent development brought together an even broader spectrum of scientists from traditionally unrelated fields such as those of liquid crystals, surfactants, sol-gels, amorphous oxides and mixed oxides, solid state, adsorbents and heterogeneous catalysts. Obviously, this is a fast-growing research area which triggers the imagination and creativity at the cross-road between material design, molecular surface tailoring and catalytic applications.
Food Flavors: Formation, Analysis and Packaging Influences
1st Edition
Volume 40
E.T. Contis + 5 more
English
The 9th International Flavor Conference: George Charalambous Memorial Symposium was held July 1-4, 1997 at the Porto Myrina Palace on the Island of Limnos, Greece. This conference was organized as a tribute to Dr. George Charalambous organizer of the previous eight conferences, who passed away in November of 1994.The symposium brought together a group of international experts in food science and human nutrition to discuss their latest findings in a broad area of food science. Particular emphasis was placed on state-of-the-art instrumentation and methods.The 9th Conference followed the format and traditions of the previous meetings. More than 90 papers/posters were presented by scientists from nineteen countries. Dr. Apostolos Grimanis, a radioanalytical chemist and retired Director of the Radioanalytical Laboratory at the National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos" in Athens opened the meeting with a tribute to Dr. Charalambous.The Conference Committee announced that the Division of Agricultural and Food Chemistry (American Chemical Society) has agreed to sponsor a Fellowship in Dr. Charalambous' honor in recognition of his tremendous contributions to the Division over many years.
Progress in Medicinal Chemistry
1st Edition
Volume 35
English
Eminent scientists at the cutting edge of pharmacology and medicinal chemistry research provide us with yet another excellent addition to this famous series. The focus on bacterial resistance mechanisms serves to highlight an important area of unmet medical need requiring the attention of medicinal chemists. Five topical subjects are reviewed: the biosynthesis, metabolism and function of Vitamin D3 and the potential application of its analogues in bone disorders and immune-related diseases; the therapeutic potential of neurokinin antagonists; opioid receptor antagonists; the mechanisms of bacterial resistance; and a survey of recent advances in cannabinoid research. This volume will deservedly take its place in clinical and industrial pharmaceutical libraries, and will prove invaluable to medicinal chemists.
Methods for Monitoring and Diagnosing the Efficiency of Catalytic Converters
A Patent-oriented Survey
1st Edition
Volume 115
M. Sideris
English
The dramatic evolution of catalytic converters in the last thirty years was a result of a need worldwide to reduce pollution created by the exhaust gases of internal combustion engines. Environmental concerns have led American, Japanese and European Union (EU) legislation to pose continuously stricter emission limits for petrol engines in the last decades. The catalytic converter has become the most important means of exhaust treatment to achieve the desired emission limits. The international legislation has also created a need for a regular assessment of the efficiency of the catalytic converter in order to detect a deterioration of its conversion efficiency as soon as this deterioration takes place. The assessment of conversion efficiency of a catalytic converter can take place during normal driving of a vehicle (on-board diagnosis or OBD) or in a workshop by specialized technicians. The most important methods nowadays are the OBD methods. The evolution of methods concerned with OBD and non-OBD monitoring and diagnosing of efficiency of catalytic converters of internal combustion engines is described based on patents and published patent applications. Non-patent references are also used. The basic principles of modern catalytic converters are described in an extensive Introduction, where the importance of monitoring and diagnosing the efficiency of catalytic converters is demonstrated. The book is divided into four parts. The first part describes methods involving the use of oxygen or air/fuel exhaust gas sensors to determine the oxygen storage capacity of a catalytic converter. The second part describes methods involving the use of temperature sensors to determine the exothermic reaction capacity of a catalytic converter. The third part describes all other methods existing in patent literature that monitor and diagnose the efficiency of catalytic converters. The great majority of the methods of the third part involves exhaust gas concentration measurements. The fourth part comprises a general discussion of all methods described. In the beginning of each part, a short introduction is given to explain the problem that the methods attempt to solve. The methods in each part are presented in chronological order per patent applicant. This helps to evaluate how the patent applicant has improved his methods over time. A patent number index with information about the patent applicants, inventors, priorities and patent-families, an inventor index, a company index and a subject index can be found at the end of the book.
Analysis of Geophysical Potential Fields
A Digital Signal Processing Approach
1st Edition
Volume 5
P.S. Naidu + 1 more
English
When some useful information is hidden behind a mass of unwanted information we often resort to information processing used in its broad sense or specifically to signal processing when the useful information is a waveform. In geophysical surveys, in particular in aeromagnetic and gravity surveys, from the measured field it is often difficult to say much about any one specific target unless it is close to the surface and well isolated from the rest. The digital signal processing approach would enable us to bring out the underlying model of the source, that is, the geological structure. Some of the tools of dsp such as digital filtering, spectrum estimation, inversion, etc., have found extensive applications in aeromagnetic and gravity map analysis. There are other emerging applications of dsp in the area of inverse filtering, three dimensional visualization, etc.The purpose of this book is to bring numerous tools of dsp to the geophysical community, in particular, to those who are entering the geophysical profession. Also the practicing geophysicists, involved in the aeromagnetic and gravity data analysis, using the commercially available software packages, will find this book useful in answering their questions on "why and how?". It is hoped that such a background would enable the practising geophysicists to appreciate the prospects and limitations of the dsp in extracting useful information from the potential field maps. The topics covered are: potential field signals and models, digital filtering in two dimensions, spectrum estimation and application, parameter estimation with error bounds.
Advances in Adaptive Computational Methods in Mechanics
1st Edition
Volume 7
P. Ladeveze + 1 more
English
Mastering modelling, and in particular numerical models, is becoming a crucial and central question in modern computational mechanics. Various tools, able to quantify the quality of a model with regard to another one taken as the reference, have been derived. Applied to computational strategies, these tools lead to new computational methods which are called "adaptive". The present book is concerned with outlining the state of the art and the latest advances in both these important areas.Papers are selected from a Workshop (Cachan 17-19 September 1997) which is the third of a series devoted to Error Estimators and Adaptivity in Computational Mechanics. The Cachan Workshop dealt with latest advances in adaptive computational methods in mechanics and their impacts on solving engineering problems. It was centered too on providing answers to simple questions such as: what is being used or can be used at present to solve engineering problems? What should be the state of art in the year 2000? What are the new questions involving error estimators and their applications?
Computational Methods in Molecular Biology
1st Edition
Volume 32
S.L. Salzberg + 2 more
English
Computational biology is a rapidly expanding field, and the number and variety of computational methods used for DNA and protein sequence analysis is growing every day. These algorithms are extremely valuable to biotechnology companies and to researchers and teachers in universities.This book explains the latest computer technology for analyzing DNA, RNA, and protein sequences. Clear and easy to follow, designed specifically for the non-computer scientist, it will help biologists make better choices on which algorithm to use. New techniques and demonstrations are elucidated, as are state-of-the-art problems, and more advanced material on the latest algorithms.The primary audience for this volume are molecular biologists working either in biotechnology companies or academic research environments, individual researchers and the institutions they work for, and students. Any biologist who relies on computers should want this book.A secondary audience will be computer scientists developing techniques with applications in biology.An excellent reference for leading techniques, it will also help introduce computer scientists to the biology problems. This is an outstanding work which will be ideal for the increasing number of scientists moving into computational biology.
Development Biology
1st Edition
Volume 11
Edward Bittar
English
The purpose of this module is to provide a survey of the rapidly expanding field of developmental biology and to introduce it to the student in a unifying way. In medical schools where courses in biochemistry, physiology, and pharmacology are already considerably intersecting, there is not surprisingly a rising demand in modern medical education for books emphasizing the interdisciplinary approach. In recent years, developmental biology has become a very vibrant and exciting field. The adoption of the interdisciplinary approach in this field has yielded enormous information about how DNA is able to produce a living organism from a fertilized egg. The discovery of 'master' genes in Drosophila that control spatial organization and share a segment of DNA, the so-called homeobox, and the discovery in C. elegans of genes controlling the timing of branching off of cell lineages are today recognized as milestones in molecular developmental biology.Because of space limitations and because of the information explosion, we have continued to pursue the policy of selecting broad topics but not in every case. This time, for example, though guided by the principle that a close connection exists between genes, adhesion, and morphogenesis, we opted to include certain topics such as cadherin - an adhesion molecule - rather than have the whole subject of adhesion dealth with in a single chapter. Substrate-adhering molecules (e.g., fibronectnin) are touched upon in Chapter 5. In a similar manner, only one type of junction is discussed at length. Chapters 8, 9, and 10 border on the extraordinary, for they are together absorbingly interesting. The last chapter makes things more pragmatic. The attention of the reader is drawn to the fact that several previous volumes of the compendium impinge on the present one. Chapters 25 and 26 in Volume 7B, in particular, have much to say on the subjects of extracellular matrix adhesion and intercellular communication.
Genes and Genomes
1st Edition
Volume 5
R.S. Verma
English
The laws of inheritance were considered quite superficial until 1903, when the chromosome theory of heredity was established by Sutton and Boveri. The discovery of the double helix and the genetic code led to our understanding of gene structure and function. For the past quarter of a century, remarkable progress has been made in the characterization of the human genome in order to search for coherent views of genes. The unit of inheritance termed factor or gene, once upon a time thought to be a trivial an imaginary entity, is now perceived clearly as the precise unit of inheritance that has continually deluged us with amazement by its complex identity and behaviour, sometimes bypassing the university of Mendel's law.The aim of the fifth volume, entitled Genes and Genomes, is to cover the topics ranging from the structure of DNA itself to the structure of the complete genome, along with everything in between, encompassing 12 chapters. These chapters relate much of the information accumulated on the role of DNA in the organization of genes and genomes per se. Several distinguished scientists, all pre-eminent authorities in each field to share their expertise. Obviously, since the historical report on the double helix configuration in 1953, voluminous reports on the meteoric advances in genetics have been accumulated, and to cover every account in a single volume format would be a Herculean task. Therefore, only a few topics are chosen, which are of great interest to molecular geneticists. This volume is intended for advanced graduate students who would wish to keep abreast with the most recent trends in genome biology.

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