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Elsevier Science

Coronary Angiogenesis
1st Edition
Volume 7
K. Rakusan
English
This volume surveys the progress that has been made in the study of coronary angiogenesis and provides the reader with a general coverage of the advances in the core knowledge in the field. It is clear that as we gain a deeper understanding of mechanisms underlying stimulation (and inhibition) of coronary angiogenisis, it might become possible to develop novel therapies for increasing the growth and formation of collateral vessels in the ischemic heart. Although research in the domain of angiogenesis is steadily approaching its golden age, the study of coronary angiogenesis is still in its infancy.
Molecular Dynamics
From Classical to Quantum Methods
1st Edition
Volume 7
Perla Balbuena + 1 more
English
The latest developments in quantum and classical molecular dynamics, related techniques, and their applications to several fields of science and engineering. Molecular simulations include a broad range of methodologies such as Monte Carlo, Brownian dynamics, lattice dynamics, and molecular dynamics (MD).Features of this book:• Presents advances in methodologies, introduces quantum methods and lists new techniques for classical MD• Deals with complex systems: biomolecules, aqueous solutions, ice and clathrates, liquid crystals, polymers• Provides chemical reactions, interfaces, catalysis, surface phenomena and solidsAlthough the book is not formally divided into methods and applications, the chapters are arranged starting with those that discuss new algorithms, methods and techniques, followed by several important applications.
Minimum Reinforcement in Concrete Members
1st Edition
Volume 24
A. Carpinteri
English
The ESIS-Technical Committee 9 on Concrete was established in 1990 and has met seven times. A proposal was put to European and extra-European laboratories entitled "Scale effects and transitional failure phenomena of reinforced concrete beams in flexure" which lead to several positive responses.The central topic discussed by the committee was that of the minimum reinforcement in concrete members. The minimum amount of reinforcement is defined as that for which "peak load at first concrete cracking" and "ultimate load after steel yielding" are equal. In this way, any brittle behaviour is avoided as well as any localized failure, if the member is not over-reinforced. In other words, there is a reinforcement percentage range, depending on the size-scale, within which the plastic limit analysis may be applied with its static and kinematic theorems.Carpinteri, Ferro, Bosco and El-Katieb propose a LEFM model, according to which reinforcement reactions are applied directly on the crack surfaces and a compatibility condition is locally imposed on the crack opening displacement in correspondence with the reinforcement. The theoretical model is found to provide a satisfactory estimate of the minimum percentage of reinforcement that depends on the scale and enables the element in flexure to prevent brittle failure.
Protein, Volume 2
1st Edition
G. Allen
English
In the first volume of this series, the structures of protein molecules were described, together with computational methods linking sequence data to folded structure and function. The determination of protein structure by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was also presented. Volume 2 begins by continuing the theme of protein structure with an outline of methods of crystallographic structure determination. Subsequent chapters describe various strucure-related properties of proteins. This book provides a valuable contribution to those new to the field of protein science as well as to those already expert in the field.
The Biology of the Pancreatic Cell
1st Edition
Volume 29
S.L. Howell
English
As a result of the key advances made more than 30 years ago, specifically the ability to isolate islets of Langerhans from the pancreas, the ability to measure insulin accurately by immunoasay, and the development of microchemical techniques for studying cells and their components, many research volumes, symposium reports, and original papers have been produced. This explosion of interest has probably had at least three stimuli: 1. the inherent scientific interest in understanding secretion of the pancreatic ß-cell2. the ß-cells relevance to a very common disease3. the availability of funding from specific sources related to diabetes research, for instance, Juvenile Diabetes Foundation International and the British Diabetic Association. As a result of all this activity, detailed scientific literature including research reviews are readily available. Surprisingly enough, there are relatively few attempts to summarize this great bulk of knowledge in a way that is accessible to the newcomer to this field and this book is intended to bridge this gap.
Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Experiments - 4
1st Edition
D. Laurence + 1 more
English
These proceedings contain the papers presented at the 4th International Symposium on Engineering Turbulence Modelling and Measurements held at Ajaccio, Corsica, France from 24-26 May 1999. It follows three previous conferences on the topic of engineering turbulence modelling and measurements. The purpose of this series of symposia is to provide a forum for presenting and discussing new developments in the area of turbulence modelling and measurements, with particular emphasis on engineering-related problems.Turbulence is still one of the key issues in tackling engineering flow problems. As powerful computers and accurate numerical methods are now available for solving the flow equations, and since engineering applications nearly always involve turbulence effects, the reliability of CFD analysis depends more and more on the performance of the turbulence models. Successful simulation of turbulence requires the understanding of the complex physical phenomena involved and suitable models for describing the turbulent momentum, heat and mass transfer. For the understanding of turbulence phenomena, experiments are indispensable, but they are equally important for providing data for the development and testing of turbulence models and hence for CFD software validation.
Environmental Analytical Chemistry
1st Edition
Volume 32
D. Pérez-Bendito + 1 more
English
Notwithstanding the vast amount of environmental analytical chemical literature available, publications dealing with environmental analytical chemistry in a general, integrated manner are rather scant. In fact, most literature on such a relevant topic appears to touch on individual aspects such as water or air pollution, applicable conventional or special equipment used with given matrices and specific pollutant groups. Most of these books are of interest to experts and only a few, if any, provide less experienced readers with a systematic, comprehensive description of environmental analytical issues. This book, which is intended to fill the gap, approaches the subject by focusing on the sample and its handling.The fourteen chapters that make up the book follow a logical sequence of sample matrices and analyte types. The first six are of paramount importance, as they lay the foundations for a basic, yet comprehensive coverage of the subject in the others. Following the required introduction to environmental chemistry, Chapters 2 to 6 deal sequentially with environmental quality assurance, quality control fundamentals and practical aspects of environmental sampling, the preconcentration of environmental samples and environmental control standards. Chapters 7 to 12 are concerned with the analytical control of inorganic and organic pollutants in air, water and soil. Finally, the last two chapters are devoted to speciation and chemometrics in environmental analysis. Each chapter presents the state-of-the-art of the environmental topic covered, and illustrates it with a wealth of practical examples. Overall, the book contains about one hundred tables, almost two hundred figures and more than 1700 references, all of which make it a pedagogical, current reference work.On the borderline between a textbook and a monograph, it is intended to be useful both as an academic text for the burgeoning number of undergraduate and postgraduate courses on the subject, as a reference book for those starting work in the environmental field and as a source of first-hand information on environmental science and its practical laboratory aspects.
Fossil Nonmarine Ostracoda of the United States
1st Edition
Volume 16
F.M. Swain Jr.
English
The geographic and stratigraphic distribution of fossil nonmarine Ostracoda in the United States are summarized in this book, followed by diagnoses of the subject species, references to literature and 34 plates of illustrations.This work shows the great diversity and usefulness of this interesting class of organisms which are small bivalved aquatic crustaceans that occupy both marine and nonmarine environments. Many are characteristic of estuarine and other tidal habitats, but only a few occupy hypersaline waters. One or two kinds are found in wet soils, or in leaf or flower cups in tropical rain forests. A few live in caves and others are commensal in gills of fish and other aquatic animals. Micropaleontologists have found their shells in many types of sedimentary rocks and have used them for stratigraphic and paleoenvironmental interpretations.Thei... relatively rapid rates of evolution have made them useful in subsurface stratigraphy and their sensitivity to environmental changes has provided a means of recognizing variations in rock facies. In nonmarine aquatic rocks they are commonly the most easily recoverable microfossils, and have been widely used in petroleum exploration, notably in China, Russia, Brazil and the western United States.
Advances in Developmental Biochemistry
1st Edition
Volume 5b
Paul Wassarman
English
This series provides annual reviews of research topics in developmental biology/biochemistry... written from the perspectives of leading investigators in these fields. This volume of Advances in Developmental Biochemistry consists of seven chapters that review specific aspects of development in several different organisms including mollusks, flies and mice.
Advances in Medicinal Chemistry
1st Edition
Volume 4
B.E. Maryanoff + 1 more
English
Volume 4 of Advances in Medicinal Chemistry is comprised of six chapters on a wide range of topics in medicinal chemistry, including molecular modeling, structure-based drug design, organic synthesis, peptide conformational analysis, biological assessment, structure-activity correlation, and lead optimization. Chapter 1 presents an account about amino acid-based peptide mimetics corresponding to b-turn, loop, helical motifs in proteins as a probe of ligand-receptor and ligand-enzyme molecular interactions. Chapter 2 addresses new facets of the medicinal chemistry of the important anticancer drug Taxol® (paclitaxel). Chapter 3 relates an account of the search for new drugs for the treatment of malaria based on the natural product artemisinin. Chapter 4 applies computational chemistry to the evaluation of compound libraries for biological testing. Chapter 5 describes the construction of a 3-dimensional molecular model of the human thrombin receptor, the first protease-activated G-protein coupled receptor (PAR-1), as a means to explore the intermolecular contacts involved in agonist peptide recognition. Finally, Chapter 6 describes the research conducted at Merck on inhibitors of farnesyl transferase as a potential treatment for human cancers.

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