Journals in Physical sciences and engineering
Journals in Physical sciences and engineering
Applied Catalysis A: General
An International Journal Devoted to Catalytic Science and its ApplicationsApplied Catalysis A: General publishes original papers and reviews on all aspects of catalysis of basic and practical interest to chemical scientists in both industrial and academic fields. Papers that focus on advances in catalysis science, especially those that have potential practical implications, by exploring new concepts or new approaches to catalytic processes and materials resulting in new understanding of catalytic phenomena are most welcome.Papers that do not focus on catalytic phenomena and those that report results of a thorough study or optimization of systems or processes that are well understood, widely studied, or minor variations of known ones are strongly discouraged. In their submission, authors are required to include a "Justification for Publication" section comprising a statement detailing the fit of the manuscript to the scope of the journal. Submissions made without the inclusion of such a justification will be rejected without review.When preparing an article for submission, it is important that the authors describe their work succinctly in the context of any related published work emphasizing the novel contributions made. Simply reporting new catalyst compositions without delivering associated new insights in catalytic science will be insufficient for publication.- ISSN: 0926-860X
Applied Numerical Mathematics
An IMACS JournalApplied Numerical Mathematics provides a forum for the publication of high quality research and tutorial papers in computational mathematics.The journal publishes: • traditional issues and problems in numerical analysis • relevant applications in such fields as physics, fluid dynamics, engineering • other branches of applied science with a computational mathematics componentThe journal strives to be flexible in the type of papers it publishes and their format. Equally desirable are: Full papers, which should be complete and relatively self-contained original contributions with an introduction that can be understood by the broad computational mathematics community. Both rigorous and heuristic styles are acceptable. Of particular interest are papers about new areas of research, in which other than strictly mathematical arguments may be important in establishing a basis for further developments.Tutoria... review papers, covering some of the important issues in Numerical Mathematics, Scientific Computing and their Applications. The journal will occasionally publish contributions which are larger than the usual format for regular papers.Short notes, which present specific new results and techniques in a brief communication.The journal strives to provide authors with a refereed outlet for their work which is subject to the least possible publication delay.Fractional calculus: Due to the number of submissions and the limited number of Editors and Reviewers in this area, the journal is limiting the number of submissions to 5 per month. Please be advised that your paper may be desk rejected due to this new restriction.- ISSN: 0168-9274
Quaternary Geochronology
The International Research and Review Journal on Advances in Quaternary Dating TechniquesQuaternary Geochronology is an international journal devoted to the publication of the highest-quality, peer-reviewed articles on all aspects of dating methods applicable to the Quaternary Period - the last 2.6 million years of Earth history. Reliable ages are fundamental to place changes in climates, landscapes, flora and fauna - including the evolution and ecological impact of humans - in their correct temporal sequence, and to understand the tempo and mode of geological and biological processes.Some Quaternary dating methods are well established, while others are in the early stages of development. Quaternary Geochronology provides a readily accessible platform to rapidly communicate the latest developments and applications in these emerging fields, as well as improvements made to more traditional methods of age determination. New technological capabilities are providing a greater understanding of the underlying principles of age estimation and are stimulating innovative applications.Quatern... Geochronology will publish research in the following areas: • Principles of geochronological methods • Advances in methodology, analytical procedures and instrumentation • Methodological standardisations and inter-laboratory comparisons • Calibrations and comparisons of different methods • Novel and groundbreaking applications in all fields of Quaternary researchThe following contributions will be accepted: • Original research papers and case studies • Review papers • Special thematic issues • Viewpoint articles • Letters to the Editors (including comments on papers published in Quaternary Geochronology) • Book reviewsThis journal welcomes contributions that support and advance the UN's sustainable development goals- ISSN: 1871-1014
Progress in Surface Science
Progress in Surface Science publishes progress reports and review articles by authors with an established track record in the subject field of the review article. The papers are aimed at surface scientists and cover various aspects of surface science. Papers in the new section Invited Reviews, are from internationally recognized scientist that have been invited to submit a review article in a specific area. Because of the transdisciplinary nature of surface science, topics are chosen for their timeliness from across the wide spectrum of scientific and engineering subjects. The journal strives to promote the exchange of ideas between surface scientists in the various areas. Authors are encouraged to write articles that are of relevance and interest to both established surface scientists and newcomers in the field.- ISSN: 0079-6816
International Journal of Engineering Science
Incorporating Letters in Applied and Engineering SciencesThe International Journal of Engineering Science is not limited to a specific aspect of science and engineering but is instead devoted to a wide range of subfields in the engineering sciences. While it encourages a broad spectrum of contribution in the engineering sciences, its core interest lies in issues concerning material modeling and response. Articles of interdisciplinary nature are particularly welcome.The primary goal of the new editors is to maintain high quality of publications. There will be a commitment to expediting the time taken for the publication of the papers. The articles that are sent for reviews will have names of the authors deleted with a view towards enhancing the objectivity and fairness of the review process.Articles that are devoted to the purely mathematical aspects without a discussion of the physical implications of the results or the consideration of specific examples are discouraged. Articles concerning material science should not be limited merely to a description and recording of observations but should contain theoretical or quantitative discussion of the results.From time to time, the Journal will publish review articles and bring out special issues on a specific sub-field of engineering science. Authors are encouraged to contact the Editors if they would like to submit a review article or bring out a special issue of the Journal.The Editors reserve the right to reject papers without sending them out for review.Manuscripts focusing on applied aspects of engineering science can be submitted to the Journal?s open access companion title, Applications in Engineering Science .- ISSN: 0020-7225
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers (formerly known as Journal of the Chinese Institute of Chemical Engineers) publishes original works, from fundamental principles to practical applications, in the broad field of chemical engineering with special focus on three aspects: Chemical and Biomolecular Science and Technology, Energy and Environmental Science and Technology, and Materials Science and Technology. Authors should choose for their manuscript an appropriate aspect section and a few related classifications when submitting to the journal online.Please see our Guide for Authors for information on article submission. If you require any further information or help, please visit our Support Center.- ISSN: 1876-1070
Journal of Water Process Engineering
AimsThe Journal of Water Process Engineering (JWPE) aspires to be the leading international platform for the dissemination of high-impact research on sustainable engineering solutions for water and wastewater treatment processes. It publishes rigorously peer-reviewed articles from researchers and practitioners actively engaged in the development and discovery of cost-effective technologies and engineering strategies in water and wastewater treatment. JWPE is fully aligned with and committed to achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, particularly “SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation."ScopeWat... process engineering involves the understanding and application of fundamental scientific principles to transform raw or wastewater sources into valuable products that benefit society while operating across laboratory, pilot, or full industrial scales. These valuable products include clean water, energy, and various resources. JWPE focuses on the design, operation, control, modelling, optimization, and intensification of processes relevant to water and wastewater treatment.Research that emphasizes the engineered applications and practices of water and wastewater treatment processes, as opposed to studies focused primarily on fundamental scientific principles or materials development, is particularly valued. JWPE encourages submissions of high-quality research articles and state-of-the-art reviews from both academic and industrial researchers and technologists. Given that water processing largely involves the efficient removal and detoxification of contaminants in various forms (soluble, colloidal, or suspended; inorganic or organic; degradable or refractory), applicable technologies can generally be classified into the main categories of chemical conversion, physical separation, and biological degradation. These processes are conducted within various reactors and systems, which must be carefully designed, optimized, operated and controlled, making these aspects another integral part of water process engineering. In addition, the development of water technologies and systems is increasingly integrated with sensing and monitoring tools, which should also be addressed within the scope of JWPE. As global challenges such as the energy/resource crisis and climate change become more pressing, the concept of “wastewater as a resource” has gained widespread recognition, and maximizing resource recovery is now a critical objective in water processing.Based on these considerations, JWPE welcomes submissions in the following areas of interest: Chemical and Catalytic Conversion ProcessesThis category encompasses processes for converting dissolved refractory contaminants and toxicants into mineralized and/or non-toxic substances through chemical and catalytic mechanisms:Advanced oxidation using novel oxidizing agentsPhotocatalysis employing innovative catalysts and light sourcesElectrochemic... processes (e.g., electrocatalysis, electrooxidation, electro-crystallizat... and non-catalytic processes associated with acoustic, cavitation, microwave, and plasma applicationsWater disinfection using novel disinfectants and methodsChemical digestion and precipitation Other emerging technologies and processes for chemical/catalytic conversionSeparation and Extraction ProcessesThis category focuses on the physical and physicochemical separation/extractio... of soluble, colloidal, and suspended contaminants from water and wastewater: Coagulation using novel coagulants/flocculan... and methodsEnhancement of physical separation processes (e.g., sedimentation, flotation, media filtration, centrifugation, decantation)Membrane filtration processes, including pressure-driven and osmotically-driven membranes Membrane reactors/contactors (e.g., membrane bioreactor, reactors/contactors using photocatalytic or electrocatalytic membranes, and membrane distillation)Adsorpt... and ion exchangeThermal extraction/distillat... for volatile substances extractionOther emerging technologies and processes for separation and extractionBiological and Ecological Processes This category addresses processes for the removal of biodegradable contaminants via biological and ecological methods:Enhancement of conventional biological processes (e.g., aerobic and anaerobic bioreactions, biofiltration)Biolog... processes for enhanced nutrient removalAnaerobic digestion for sludge disposalApplication of novel biotechnologies (e.g., microbial, fungal, molecular genetics) in water processingConstructe... wetlands for water treatmentBioremediat... for water environmental restorationEnhanceme... of ecological functions for water quality improvementOther emerging biological/ecologica... technologies and process hybridizationProcess Automation, Modelling, and OptimizationAdvanced process automation and control systemsIntegration of robotics and automated systems with water systemsModelling and optimisation of water processes and water systemsApplication of machine learning and advanced algorithms for process control & optimisationGreenhou... gas emissions modelling and control in water processesNovel methods for industrial benchmarking and reporting in water systemsEnergetics and life cycle assessments for water processesWater-energ... nexus: optimisation of coupled water and energy systemsNet zero: new technologies, management strategies and policiesSensing, Monitoring and Emerging TechnologiesSensing technologies for detecting chemical and biological contaminants in water systemsNovel sensing and analytical technologies for emerging contaminants (e.g., microplastics, pharmaceuticals, PFAS)Novel technologies and approaches for water process monitoringEdge computing and IoT-enabled water monitoring systemsDevelopment and application of digital twins for water systemsData-driven predictive maintenance and fault detection in water processingAI-powered tools for real-time water quality prediction and decision-makingWater system digitization, big data analytics, and informaticsDisruptiv... technologies for water systems monitoring and managementProcesses for Resource Recovery and ValorisationThis category covers novel processes and technologies aimed at enhancing resource recovery and valorisation from domestic and industrial wastewater:Energy recovery and production from wastewaterResource recovery/extraction from wastewaterOptimized sludge management for improved energy/resource recoveryValorisation of products recovered from industrial wastewaterAtmospheri... water generation and harvestingTechnologi... schemes (including case studies) for decarbonization in wastewater treatmentOther emerging technologies for resource recovery and valorisation from wastewaterAuthors are encouraged to select the most appropriate category from the six areas listed above for their submissions to JWPE, based on the primary focus of their study. In cases where the research involves hybrid technologies, authors should identify the category that best aligns with the ultimate objective of the study.Submissions related to the development and application of novel materials for water and wastewater treatment, particularly those focused on enhancing the removal of refractory pollutants and improving energy or resource recovery for large-scale or community-scale applications, are highly encouraged. Additionally, studies on emerging technologies in water process engineering that do not fall directly under the existing categories are welcome. However, authors should be mindful of specific exclusions, such as studies on desalination through thermal or membrane processes, which are not within the scope of JWPE.The journal also seeks submissions that address process engineering aspects of water sustainability, with a particular emphasis on water reclamation, reuse, and recycling, as well as energy and resource recovery from alternative sources. Studies focusing on fit-for-purpose treatment processes and technologies that aim to reduce energy and chemical consumption, minimize environmental and carbon footprints, and maximize social benefits are especially encouraged. JWPE periodically publishes “Virtual Special Issues” that explore emerging research areas. Authors should watch for "Calls for Papers" related to these hot topics. Potential contributors may contact the VSI Editor for information on the relevance of their proposed topic and check the VSI page for information.Please note that JWPE does not accept submissions based on fundamental batch studies that lack a focus on engineering applications. Common examples of unacceptable submissions include batch/static adsorption studies of model contaminants without dynamic flow studies, batch photodegradation studies involving photocatalysts modified for visible light operation without engineering application, microbiological studies without a strong connection to biological processing, and membrane fabrication research without practical application. Submissions must also include robust statistical data analysis and benchmarking of data against controls and relevant literature, as well as a thorough and ethical data analysis framework.- ISSN: 2214-7144
Flow Measurement and Instrumentation
Flow Measurement and Instrumentation is dedicated to disseminating the latest research results on all aspects of flow measurement, in both closed conduits and open channels. The design of flow measurement systems involves a wide variety of multidisciplinary activities including modelling the flow sensor, the fluid flow and the sensor/fluid interactions through the use of computation techniques; the development of advanced transducer systems and their associated signal processing and the laboratory and field assessment of the overall system under ideal and disturbed conditions.FMI is the essential forum for critical information exchange, and contributions are particularly encouraged in the following areas of interest:Modelling: the application of mathematical and computational modelling to the interaction of fluid dynamics with flowmeters, including flowmeter behaviour, improved flowmeter design and installation problems. Application of CAD/CAE techniques to flowmeter modelling are eligible.Design and development: the detailed design of the flowmeter head and/or signal processing aspects of novel flowmeters. Emphasis is given to papers identifying new sensor configurations, multisensor flow measurement systems, non-intrusive flow metering techniques and the application of microelectronic techniques in smart or intelligent systems.Calibration techniques: including descriptions of new or existing calibration facilities and techniques, calibration data from different flowmeter types, and calibration intercomparison data from different laboratories.Install... effect data: dealing with the effects of non-ideal flow conditions on flowmeters. Papers combining a theoretical understanding of flowmeter behaviour with experimental work are particularly welcome.Multiphase behaviour: whether purpose-designed, or adapted from single-phase operation, coverage of systems for single-phase liquid and gas flows, multiphase flows having solid, liquid and gas phases, and slurries and pastes is equally welcome.Associated measurements and secondary instrumentation: for example, density, viscosity and secondary instrumentation effects.All contributions are subject to peer review, and additional features include: Review articles Case studies Letters to the editor Patent surveys Book reviews Calendar of events and conference reportsFlow Measurement and Instrumentation is essential reading for instrumentation engineers in the oil, gas, power, chemical, food, water and waste treatment industries, manufacturers of flowmeters, and academics involved in research in this area.- ISSN: 0955-5986
International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control
Carbon Capture — Transport — Utilization — StorageThe International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control is a peer reviewed journal focusing primarily on Carbon Capture, Transport, Utilization & Storage. If your paper is not related to this area, it is not in scope for the Journal. The Journal invites research covering applied science and engineering advances in control of greenhouse gas emissions and reductions of their atmospheric concentrations through carbon dioxide capture, transport and storage. The Journal publishes results of experimental and pilot studies, technology demonstrations, process design and optimization, and techno-economic, policy, and life-cycle analyses relevant to applications in the power sector, major resource, manufacturing and production industries, and negative emissions technologies. Original research, review and comment papers are included.The scope of the journal (whilst not exclusive to) includes:CO2 captureNew research results relevant for large scale CO2 capture systems using chemical solvents, solid sorbents, chemical looping, calcium looping, membranes and membrane reactors and hybrid systems, PSA, cryogenics etc.Advances in CO2 capture processes (post combustion, pre combustion, oxy combustion) for power plants, cement and steel plants, refineries, petrochemicals, and other large industriesExperiment... results at pilot level from laboratory scale to demonstration, and relevant modelling work for scaling upCO2 capture process simulation for energy penalty reductions. Dynamic modelling.Cost analyses and cost reduction strategiesEnvironmen... impacts/risk, safety and life-cycle assessment of capture facilitiesCO2 TransportDesign and material/technical issues for CO2 transport systemsEconomic analyses and systems level optimization of CO2 transport systemsRisk assessments and safety issuesPermitting and regulatory issuesCO2 Geological storageGeological formation/storage capacity assessmentsMatching emissions sources and storage opportunitiesSite selection and characterizationMode... the fate and effects of stored CO2Integrity of the storage site, including caprocks and wellsTest injection research resultsRisk assessments and managementMonitoring tool developments and applicationsEnvironm... impact assessmentsDemonstra... project results and operational experiencesInduced seismicity, pressure maintenance, brine displacement, groundwater impactsRemediation and measurement, monitoring and verification issuesExperiences from natural/industrial analoguesAlternative storage optionsEx situ mineral carbonation (research results, safety/risk assessments, environmental/energy... issues, public acceptance, regulation and costs)Advanced weatheringOcean storageAlternative mitigation options/negative emission optionsBioCCS and other bioenergy mitigation optionsNegative emission accounting principlesComparison of different GHG mitigation options such as energy efficiency, renewables and nuclear power and their potential to reduce CO2 emissionsSystem integration and infrastructure developmentFlexibili... of operation of plants and on energy systems, integration issues, infrastructure development issues, financing and policiesImplementati... issuesLegal and regulatory developments/issuesH... capacity constraintsPublic awareness/acceptance issuesIndustry case studies on GHG mitigation technology implementation, learning by doing, knowledge transfer, stakeholder engagement and financing optionsIntegrated assessments, economic instruments that would induce commercial CCS deploymentEnergy and economic modelling of the role that CCS will play in the broader portfolio of emissions mitigation options under different scenariosAnalyses of policy options (national and international) to reduce GHG emissions and how these impact the commercial deployment of CCS systemsIf your paper is not related to Carbon Capture, Transport, Utilization & Storage, it is not in scope for the Journal.This journal welcomes contributions that support and advance the UN's sustainable development goals, in particular SDG 7 (Affordable and clean energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action).- ISSN: 1750-5836
Ecological Complexity
An International Journal on Biocomplexity in the Environment and Theoretical EcologyEcological Complexity is an international journal devoted to publishing high-quality, peer-reviewed articles on the complex nature of ecological systems, observed and theoretical and special issues on related and emerging topics. In addition to ecological questions, the journal welcomes papers that ask ecological questions by linking natural and social processes at various spatio-temporal scales.Ecological Complexity will publish research into the following areas: • Ecosystems and the biosphere as complex adaptive systems • Self-organization of spatially extended ecosystems • Emergent properties and structures of complex ecosystems • Ecological pattern formation in space and time • The role of biophysical constraints and evolutionary attractors on species assemblages • Ecological scaling (scale invariance, scale covariance and dynamics across scales), allometry, and hierarchy theory • Ecological topology and networks • Studies towards an ecology of complex systems • Approaches to complex systems for the study of dynamic human-environment interactions • Using knowledge of nonlinear phenomena to better guide policy development for adaptation strategies and mitigation to environmental change • New tools and methods for studying ecological complexityThe papers that should appear in this journal are characterized by: • Biocomplexity related to the environment and vice versa • Inter disciplinarity (e.g. biology, ecology, environmental science, mathematics, modelling) • Integration of natural and social processes (esp. over time)- ISSN: 1476-945X
Structures
Research Journal of The Institution of Structural Engineers .AimsStructures aims to publish internationally-lead... research across the full breadth of structural engineering. Papers for Structures are particularly welcome in which high-quality research will benefit from wide readership of academics and practitioners such that not only high citation rates but also tangible industrial-related pathways to impact are achieved.ScopeStruct... seeks papers in the following areas relating to the built environment: structural engineering, structural materials, structural mechanics, behaviour and design of structures, new construction methods, structural innovation and optimisation, response of structures to extreme events, sustainability, performance-based design and other related areas.The journal’s primary focus is structural engineering and related disciplines. Papers on subject matter regarded as civil engineering infrastructure, such as pipelines, roads and railways, tunnelling or dams will not be considered. Nor will papers applying structural analysis techniques to objects unrelated to the built environment (such as aircraft design, naval architecture or medical implants).What we encourage and what to avoid?The Editors of Structures would like to encourage the submission of papers that make a significant contribution to structural engineering knowledge, developing new techniques, presenting new applications of existing methods, or offering some other form of new insight.The following types of paper will not be considered:Papers where an analytical method is developed but not validated, or where no new insight is offered into the behaviour being studied. (NB Validation need not necessarily be by means of a laboratory experiment.)Papers where an existing numerical method is applied to a slightly different type of the same problem, but no real new insight into the science is presented.Papers where standard methods, such as finite element analysis or AI, are used to match some experimental data, but no real new insight into the science is presented.Paper with a very narrow focus where research has been ‘salami sliced’ to allow multiple submissions. Instead, authors are encouraged to present a broader analysis of the subject being studied.Papers purely presenting experimental data should ensure that the findings are new, well reported, and based on well-conducted experiments.- ISSN: 2352-0124
Plant Science
An international journal of experimental plant biologyThis journal has no page charges, publication is free of charge.Plant Science will publish in the minimum of time, reporting significant advances in plant biology as well as commissioned reviews, method papers (technical papers) and commentaries recommended by its referees in all areas of experimental plant biology with emphasis in the broad areas of genomics, proteomics, biochemistry, physiology, cell biology, development, genetics, functional plant breeding, systems biology and the interaction of plants with the environment. Although manuscripts containing large data are welcomed, they must contain functional validation.Manuscrip... for full consideration should be written concisely and essentially as a final report. The main criterion for publication is that the manuscript must contain original and significant insights that lead to a better understanding of fundamental plant biology. Plant Science is not a publication vehicle for preliminary observations, for studies that are merely confirmatory of results accomplished in other plant systems, or that are addressed only to a specialized readership. Submitted manuscripts describing studies of preliminary nature, that are merely confirmatory in scope or of limited scope and interest to the general readership of the journal will be returned without formal review. As a general policy, the journal will no longer consider manuscripts just describing the cloning, sequencing and expression patterns of gene sequences that have been identified and characterized in other plant species, expression of a protein without proper characterization of the recombinant product and native form, the isolation, purification and characterization of enzymes extensively analyzed in other plants, description of molecular markers and plant genetic diversity without any relevant biological information, cell culture and/or transformation of plant species (or closely related species) already established in the literature and basic transcriptomic approaches with no further relevant functional characterization of genes of interest.- ISSN: 0168-9452
Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry
The Current Opinion journals were developed out of the recognition that it is increasingly difficult for specialists to keep up to date with the expanding volume of information published in their subject. In Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, we help the reader by providing in a systematic manner: The views of experts on current advances in Green and Sustainable Chemistry in a clear and readable form.Evaluations of the most interesting papers, annotated by experts, from the great wealth of original publications.Divisio... of the subject into sections The subject Green and Sustainable Chemistry includes all chemical aspects along the life cycle of chemicals as well chemical products and materials e.g. resources, synthesis, use and after life issues. It aims on better understanding where and how chemistry itself can be made more sustainable and whereby chemistry can contribute to sustainability in general. Therefore, the journal it is divided into themed sections, each of which is reviewed once a year. The amount of space devoted to each section is related to its importance:Mineral and fossil resources and metalsBiomass, bio-fuels and bioenergiesCO2 capture, and chemistryGreen solventsGreen catalysisNew synthetic methodsPhotocatalysi... processes and technologiesRenewabl... energy and storageSustainable recycling of molecules, materials and productsBenign by DesignNew business models, ethics, legislation and economicsThere is also a section that changes every year to reflect hot topics in the field.Selection of topics to be reviewed Section Editors, who are major authorities in the field, are appointed by the Editors of the journal. They divide their section into a number of topics, ensuring that the field is comprehensively covered and that all issues of current importance are emphasized. Section Editors commission reviews from authorities on each topic that they have selected.Reviews Authors write short review articles in which they present recent developments in their subject, emphasizing the aspects that, in their opinion, are most important. In addition, they provide short annotations to the papers that they consider to be most interesting from all those published in their topic over the previous year.Editorial Overview Section Editors write a short overview at the beginning of the section to introduce the reviews and to draw the reader's attention to any particularly interesting developments.- ISSN: 2452-2236
Journal of Hydrology
Journal of Hydrology publishes original research papers and comprehensive reviews in all the subfields of the hydrological sciences, including water based management and policy issues that impact on economics and society. These comprise, but are not limited to the physical, chemical, biogeochemical, stochastic and systems aspects of surface and groundwater hydrology, hydrometeorology, hydrogeology and hydrogeophysics. Relevant topics incorporating the insights and methodologies of disciplines such as climatology, water resource systems, ecohydrology, geomorphology, soil science, instrumentation and remote sensing, data and information sciences, civil and environmental engineering are within scope. Multi- and inter-disciplinary analyses of hydrological problems are invited, specifically ones that broaden the understanding of hydrologic science through integration with social, economic, or behavioural sciences. The science published in the Journal of Hydrology is relevant to catchment scales rather than exclusively to a local scale or site. Studies focused on urban hydrological issues are included. Submissions focusing on region-specific problems, past and future conditions, analysis, review and solutions, can be submitted to the journal's companion title, Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies.Journal of Hydrology is part of the Journal of Hydrology family of journals, alongside Journal of Hydrology X and Journal of Hydrology: Regional Studies.- ISSN: 0022-1694
Journal of Space Safety Engineering
The Journal of the International Association for Advancement of Space SafetyThe Journal of Space Safety Engineering (JSSE) is a quarterly publication of the International Association for the Advancement of Space Safety (IAASS).JSSE provides an authoritative source of information in the field of space safety design, research and development. It serves applied scientists, engineers, policy makers and safety advocates with a platform to develop, promote and coordinate the science, technology and practice of space safety. JSSE seeks to establish channels of communication between industry, academy and government in the field of space safety, and also covers related environmental issues.The journal has a distinguished Editorial Board with extensive qualifications, ensuring that the journal maintains high scientific and technical standards and has a broad international coverage.- ISSN: 2468-8967
Advanced Engineering Informatics
The science of supporting knowledge-intensive activitiesAdvanced computing methods and related technologies are changing the way engineers interact with the information infrastructure. Explicit knowledge representation formalisms and new reasoning techniques are no longer the sole territory of computer science. For knowledge-intensive tasks in engineering, a new philosophy and body of knowledge called Engineering Informatics is emerging.Advanced Engineering Informatics solicits research papers with particular emphases both on 'knowledge' and 'engineering applications'. As an international Journal, original papers typically:• Report progress in the engineering discipline of applying methods of engineering informatics. • Have engineering relevance and help provide the scientific base to make engineering decision-making more reliable, spontaneous and creative. • Contain novel research that demonstrates the science of supporting knowledge-intensive engineering tasks. • Validate the generality, power and scalability of new methods through vigorous evaluation, preferably both qualitatively and quantitatively.In addition, the Journal welcomes high quality review articles that summarise, compare, and evaluate methodologies and representations that are proposed for the field of engineering informatics. Similarly, summaries and comparisons of full-scale applications are welcomed, particularly those where scientific shortcomings have hindered success. Typically, such papers have expanded literature reviews and discussion of findings that reflect mastery of the current body of knowledge and propose novel additions to contemporary research.Papers missing explicit representation and use of knowledge, such as those describing soft computing techniques, mathematical optimization methods, pattern recognition techniques, and numerical computation methods, do not normally qualify for publication in the Journal. Papers must illustrate contributions using examples of automating and supporting knowledge intensive tasks in artifacts-centered engineering fields such as mechanical, manufacturing, architecture, civil, electrical, transportation, environmental, and chemical engineering. Papers that report application of an established method to a new engineering subdomain will qualify only if they convincingly demonstrate noteworthy new power, generality or scalability in comparison with previously reported validation results. Finally, papers that discuss software engineering issues only are not in the scope of this journal.- ISSN: 1474-0346
Progress in Engineering Science
Progress in Engineering Science is a hybrid, broad scope, international journal publishing articles in all fundamental, applied, and interdisciplinary areas of engineering and accepts papers that are scientifically sound and of general interest. The journal also publishes manuscripts reporting negative/null results, incremental advances, and replication studies.The journal welcomes submissions on both theoretical and industrial aspects of engineering research including but not limited to biomedical engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, chemical engineering, Industrial and manufacturing engineering, environmental engineering, and architectural and urban planning engineering.Progress in Engineering Science publishes Full Length Articles, Short Communications, Review Articles, Short Reviews and Case Studies. All papers in the journal are peer reviewed.- ISSN: 2950-4252
Computers & Electrical Engineering
The journal Computers & Electrical Engineering provides rapid publication of topical research into the integration of computer technology and computational techniques with electrical and communication and information systems. The journal publishes papers featuring novel implementations of computers and computational techniques in areas like:Signal ProcessingPower Engineering (including renewable and green energies)Artificial Intelligence - methods and applicationsSecurity... journal regularly publishes special sections covering specific topics of interest. Proposals for special sections should be submitted to the Editor-in-Chief. The list of current special sections can be found at https://www.scienced... should be submitted online following the guidelines in the Guide for Authors.- ISSN: 0045-7906
CATENA
Catena is an interdisciplinary journal of soil science and geomorphology with a focus on geoecology, landscape ecology, landscape evolution and hydrology. Original research papers, comments, and reviews linking field, laboratory, and/or modelling results, integrating different geospheres, and discussing soil and landscape processes on different spatial and temporal scales will be considered, provided they are sufficiently novel and of broad interest.Reviews are expected to critically discuss and synthesise findings and approaches on topics falling within the core aims of Catena. Short comments (no more than 2 journal pages i.e. ca. 2000 words) are considered for publication only if they bring important scientific new elements and/or corrections/improvem... on substantial aspects of previously published articles. Manuscript... that will not be considered include papers on the following topics:Research papers summarising literature results, and bibliometric analyses (meta-analyses are not included). Studies without explicit relation to landscape patterns or processes, such as:Purely geological or groundwater studies.Runoff studies that have no relation to soil or geomorphic change.Chemical laboratory experiments with no relation to ‘real’ field conditions.Microbiol... studies with no relation to soil formation or landscape processes.Geotechnic... and environmental engineering studies.Geobotanical... ecological and vegetation studies with no (or limited) relation to soil, hydrology, geomorphology or landscape evolution.Agricultur... production experiments without a solid relation to landscape.Studies on ecosystem services and land use planning.Comparisons of the performance and robustness of models and statistical methods (e.g. process-based, or machine learning) with no or only a minimal landscape-learning effect.Regionally oriented studies which cannot be applied to other landscapes (or lack novelty in approach or methodology).The Chairs of the Editors-in-Chief do not accept pre-submission enquiries to determine if a manuscript is likely to be of interest to the journal.- ISSN: 0341-8162
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids
The Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids publishes review articles, research papers, and Letters to the Editor. The journal publishes articles on amorphous and glassy materials, including inorganic, organic, polymeric, hybrid, and metallic systems. Papers on partially glassy materials, such as glass-ceramics and glass-matrix composites, and papers involving the liquid state are also included in so far as the properties of the liquid are relevant for glass formation. Submissions on chemical, electronic, optical and mechanical properties of glasses, amorphous semiconductors and metals, sol-gel materials, the liquid state of these solids and the processes by which they are formed are particularly welcomed.In all cases, the papers must demonstrate both novelty and importance to the field by way of significant advances in understanding or application of non-crystalline materials. In the case of Letters to the Editor, a compelling case must also be made for expedited handling.The journal publishes topics including: glass, amorphous, non-crystalline, vitreous, glass-ceramic, glass-matrix composite, glass-forming liquid.- ISSN: 0022-3093
Solid-State Electronics
It is the aim of this journal to bring together in one publication outstanding papers reporting new and original work in the following areas: (1) applications of solid-state physics and technology to electronics and optoelectronics, including theory and device design with appropriate experimental backup; (2) optical, electrical, morphological characterization techniques and parameter extraction with experimental application to real devices; (3) device fabrication and synthesis, including device-related new materials growth, electro-optical characterization and performance evaluation; (4) the physics and modeling of submicron and nanoscale microelectronic and optoelectronic devices, including processing, measurement, and performance evaluation; (5) modeling and simulation of solid-state devices and processes with appropriate experimental backup; (6) nanoscale electronic and optoelectronic devices for various applications, including photovoltaics, sensing, micro- and nano-mechanical (MEMS/NEMS) systems, quantum computation and communication.Import... Given the wide availability of TCAD simulation packages (Synopsys, Silvaco, etc.) device simulation papers should be coupled with experiment, revolutionary concepts or novel analytical approaches. Pure simulation papers are not considered. Papers on materials growth and characterization should be relevant to a current or future device technology.Types of contributions: Original research papers, letters (intended for high-impact and high-quality short papers) and invited review papers (please contact the editors prior to submission). Solid-State Electronics does not publish notes or brief communications.Keywo... solid state electronics, field effect transistor, semiconductor (Si, SOI, Ge, III-V, 2D, etc.), nano-devices, new device concepts, fabrication, characterization, modeling, memories, high-voltage devices, photovoltaics, MEMS/NEMS- ISSN: 0038-1101
Atmospheric Environment
Atmospheric composition and its impactsAtmospheric Environment has an open access journal, Atmospheric Environment: X, which covers emissions science and reductions strategies: If you have a paper related to those themes, please submit your paper here. Alternatively, if your paper is related to the scope of Atmospheric Environment (see below) please submit your paper using the link on the left of this page - "submit your paper".Atmospheric Environment is the international journal for scientists in different disciplines related to atmospheric composition and its impacts. The journal publishes scientific articles with atmospheric relevance of emissions and depositions of gaseous and particulate compounds, chemical processes and physical effects in the atmosphere, as well as impacts of the changing atmospheric composition on human health, air quality, climate change, and ecosystems.The overarching aim of Atmospheric Environment is to publish original research, reviews, and perspectives that advance the international scientific community's understanding of the composition of the atmosphere. Atmospheric Environment has adopted a broad perspective of the atmosphere to include the background locations in the troposphere and stratosphere, continental and urban locations, as well as indoor environments and microenvironments that expose humans to atmospheric components.The scope of the journal includes natural and anthropogenic sources, transformations, and transport of atmospheric components, as well as the impacts of atmospheric components on global and regional climate, sensitive ecosystems, visibility, and human health. Atmospheric Environment specifically focuses on policy-relevant science that will influence regulations, management and protection of atmospheric resources, protection of ecosystems and human health, and will drive future scientific research efforts that investigate the atmosphere. Additional information about the evolving and expanding scope of Atmospheric Environment is presented below.The editors of Atmospheric Environment will manage the journal to best advance its goals, whilst serving the atmospheric science community through delivery of the most recent high-quality research.Atmospheric Environment encourages submissions describing novel experimental and modeling studies that advance understanding of the composition of the atmosphere and that elucidate sources, transport and transformations, and impacts from atmospheric components.To be considered for publication in Atmospheric Environment, manuscripts should clearly show that the research directly advances the understanding of the composition of the atmosphere.The following manuscripts will NOT be considered for publication:studies of new experimental methods that are neither applied or do not advance the understanding of the composition of the atmosphere,studies that examine emissions from novel atmospheric sources but do not demonstrate how these emissions impact the composition of the atmosphere,studies that examine atmospheric transport but do not directly show how the investigated transport process impact the composition of the atmosphere,computati... studies that do not demonstrate the atmospheric relevancy of the computed chemical pathways or intermediate products, andstudies that focus on well-established or routine monitoring and modeling methods to investigate air pollution issues of local interest.As research tools continue to advance and broaden the understanding of the impacts of atmospheric components, Atmospheric Environment is currently encouraging additional manuscript submissions in these developing areas:indoor air quality,satellites and remote sensing,human health,the use of real-time or semi-continuous experimental observations of the composition of the atmosphere, andthe use of data science to understand sources, transformation, transport, and the impacts of atmospheric components. Please note that studies that utilize novel data science tools that focus on forecasting and do not provide insight into atmospheric sources, processes, and impacts are not suitable for publication in Atmospheric Environment.Atmosphe... Environment is open to policy, economic, and environmental justice studies that focus on changes in the composition of the atmosphere but will only consider manuscripts that are appropriately targeted for the readership of Atmospheric Environment.This journal welcomes contributions that support and advance the UN's sustainable development goals, in particular SDG 7 (Affordable and clean energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action)- ISSN: 1352-2310
Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks
Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks (SEGAN) is an international peer-reviewed publication for theoretical and applied research dealing with energy, information grids and power networks, including smart grids from super to micro grid scales. SEGAN welcomes papers describing fundamental advances in mathematical, statistical or computational methods with application to power and energy systems, as well as papers on applications, computation and modeling in the areas of electrical and energy systems with coupled information and communication technologies.SEGAN is an interdisciplinary journal that aims to bring together researchers from academia and industry from across Energy, Engineering, Computer Science, Mathematics and Energy Policy/Regulation.SE... publishes original articles and short communications, as well as selected review articles by invitation and/or approval of the Editor-in-Chief. Proposals for review articles and special issues should be submitted to the Editor-in-Chief for consideration.SEGAN particularly welcomes papers on the following topics:Theoretical developments in planning and operation of electrical and energy systems – Definition and application of computational methods for stochastic optimization – Applied optimization and mathematical programmingData analysis and computation for power and energy systems – Data-driven modelling techniques for power and energy systems – Machine learning, statistics and computational intelligence – Big Data analyticsIntegrated operation of information and communication technologies (ICT) in electrical and energy systems – ICT integration in electrical and energy systems for monitoring and control – Modeling of cyber-physical energy and communication systems – Demand-side management and demand response: definition of control schemes and protocols – Advanced metering infrastructuresModel... and analysis of modern and future electrical and energy systems – Integrated electrical and thermal grids – Active distribution networks and virtual power plants – Massive integration of volatile renewable energy resources in smart grids – Integrated control of electrical transmission and distribution networks – Electrical systems security and reliability in systems with large-scale volatile resources – New dynamics and stability issues in power systems – Control and planning of centralized and distributed energy storageNew components for future electrical and energy systems – Coupled AC/DC supergrids – Coupling of energy conversion systems with electrical and energy gridsSustainability assessment of electrical and energy systems – Policy, regulation and economics of modern electrical and thermal networks – Development of the Smart City concept towards the integration of energy, transportation (e.g. electric vehicles) and ICT networks.Out-of-scop... topicsThe following topics are generally outside the main scopes of the journal: Testing of classical, new or hybrid metaheuristic methods or variants and comparisons with other algorithmsPower electronic converter structures, control, simulation and experimental analysisDesign, structure and internal control of virtual synchronous generatorsMaterials and technologiesDesign of integrated energy systemsGeneral research on energy transformation or energy policyHydrogen production and useCarbon capture and storageEmission trading schemesNuclear energyPower qualityTransient stability and related controllersInternet of ThingsWireless sensor networksICT applications not primarily referring to the electrical grid Case study applications without methodological insightsThis journal welcomes contributions that support and advance the UN's sustainable development goals, in particular SDG 7 (Affordable and clean energy) and SDG 11 (Sustainable cities and communities)- ISSN: 2352-4677
Fuel
The Science and Technology of Fuel and EnergyResearch into energy sources remains a key issue. Over the last 100 years, Fuel has been the leading source of primary research work in fuel science. The scope is broad and includes many topics of increasing interest such as environmental aspects and pollution.A wide variety of fuels are covered:Fuel cellsCokeHydrogen generation and useOils and gasesSynthetic fuels (including Dimethyl ether (DME), Methanol etc)BiofuelsAdvances in catalysis in sustainable fuelsNatural gasAdvances in materials for energyPetroleumSusta... new fuels - road, aviation and marineControl of emissions from new fuelsWaste-derived fuels (WDF)Refuse-derived fuels (RDF)Carbon with applications to fuel energyCarbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage - Science and TechnologiesAuthors are also welcome to submit to Fuel 's gold open access companion title, Fuel Communications.- ISSN: 0016-2361
Rangeland Ecology & Management
Rangeland Ecology & Management is the world's premier science journal for rangelands. Formerly known as the Journal of Range Management, this journal has been the flagship publication of the Society for Range Management since 1948. Rangelands are open ecosystems shaped by grazing and browsing mammals, pastoralists, and aridity. They occupy half of the Earth’s land surface, support the livelihoods of over 500 million people, are included in 67% of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, play a critical role in regulating global climate, and provide many other ecosystem services that affect human well-being. Yet global rangelands continue to be neglected in science and policy, limiting the support provided to pastoralists and rangeland managers. The declaration of the International Year of Rangelands and Pastoralists by the United Nations acknowledged the urgent need to accelerate production of science-based knowledge about rangelands. The mission of Rangeland Ecology & Management is to promote actionable science and management solutions in support of global rangeland stewardship. Rangeland science is inherently multidisciplinary. Accordingly, Rangeland Ecology & Management welcomes papers that advance knowledge about rangelands in a variety of contexts, including ecosystem processes and services, human dimensions and policy, wildlife and biodiversity, land use and land cover change, and social-ecological systems. The journal especially welcomes papers that provide evidence of the effectiveness of management, restoration, and policy options in rangelands and that introduce or evaluate technological, research, and management innovations. Paper types include concepts and perspectives, synthesis, research papers, technological innovations, and short communications. Regional rangeland perspectives are welcome, but topics should be placed in a global context given the journal's international readership and impact. All papers must include an Implications section that specifies how the work advances the understanding of rangelands and their management.- ISSN: 1550-7424
Journal of Archaeological Science
The Journal of Archaeological Science provides an international forum for archaeologists and scientists from widely different scientific backgrounds who share a common interest in developingand applying scientific methods to inform major debates in archaeological research.The Journal of Archaeological Science is interested in papers that are: Presenting major advances in scientific methods and techniques in archaeology Showcasing innovative science Shaping global debates Addressing questions of broad significance Describing studies with far-reaching applicabilityIf your article is concerned with the use of an established technique, in the context of a case study, please consider our sister journal Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports.- ISSN: 0305-4403
Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena
Physica D (Nonlinear Phenomena) publishes research and review articles reporting on theoretical and experimental work, techniques, and ideas that advance the understanding of nonlinear phenomena. The scope of the journal encompasses mathematical methods for nonlinear systems including: wave motion, pattern formation and collective phenomena in physical, chemical and biological systems; hydrodynamics and turbulence; integrable and Hamiltonian systems; and data-driven dynamical systems. The journal encourages submissions in established and emerging application domains, for example applications of nonlinear science to artificial intelligence, robotics, control theory, complex networks, and social and economic dynamics.- ISSN: 0167-2789
Dendrochronologia
An Interdisciplinary Journal of Tree-Ring ScienceDendrochronol... is a peer-reviewed international scholarly journal that presents high-quality research related to growth rings of woody plants, i.e., trees and shrubs, and the application of tree-ring studies.The areas covered by the journal include, but are not limited to:ArchaeologyClimat... ChangeHydrologyOrigi... research articles, reviews, communications, technical notes and personal notes are considered for publication.- ISSN: 1125-7865
Energy and Climate Change
Energy and Climate Change is a multidisciplinary journal that aims to provide accessible, decision-relevant research on energy sector strategies to address climate change. It covers the intersection of energy and climate-related fields, spanning the social and physical sciences, with the aim of identifying real solutions and strategies to reduce emissions and to respond to a changing climate. The challenges around energy and climate change are too big for any single discipline – it will only be possible to overcome the challenges around energy and climate change if people from different backgrounds can work together to find solutions. As a multidisciplinary journal, Energy and Climate Change aims to promote rapid communication and dialogue among the social scientists, physical scientists, engineering, and both public and private decision makers that must work together to meet the challenges around energy and climate change. Energy and Climate Change seeks articles with a strategic focus that are not already covered in disciplinary journals. The journal seeks high-quality writing that can be understood by researchers from different disciplines.- ISSN: 2666-2787
Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering
The journal aims to encourage and enhance the role of mechanics and other disciplines as they relate to earthquake engineering by providing opportunities for the publication of the work of applied mathematicians, engineers and other applied scientists involved in solving problems closely related to the field of earthquake engineering and geotechnical earthquake engineering.Emphasis is placed on new concepts and techniques and case histories are considered only if they enhance the presentation and understanding on new technical concepts associated with analysis.Fields Covered:Seismology and Geology relevant to earthquake engineering problems with emphasis on modeling and methodologies and consideration of their effects on the analysis and design of structures.Wave propagation, wave scattering and dynamic crack propagation in soils and rocks under elastic or inelastic material behavior.Dynamic constitutive behavior of materials.Dynamic interaction problems (soil-structure interaction, fluid-structure interaction and tsunamis if only related to its geotechnical and structural systems).Seismic analysis and design of steel and reinforced concrete structures, retaining walls, dams, slopes.Effect of moving loads on bridges and pavements and vibration isolation in geotechnical structures.Inverse problems, identification and structural health monitoring in earthquake engineering.Instrume... and experimental methods in earthquake engineering.Applied mathematical methods and artificial intelligence for earthquake engineering analysis and design.Performance-b... seismic design of structures.Probabili... methods in earthquake engineering including risk analysis and reliability Earthquake case histories and lessons learned from catastrophic ground motions.Earthquake case histories and lessons learned from catastrophic ground motions only if they include modeling and geotechnical/structu... analysis.- ISSN: 0267-7261
International Journal of Refrigeration
Covering the Theory and Practice of Refrigeration, including Heat Pumps, Air Conditioning, and Food Storage and TransportThe International Journal of Refrigeration is published for the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) by Elsevier. It is essential reading for all those wishing to keep abreast of research and industrial news in refrigeration, air conditioning and associated fields. This is particularly important in these times of rapid introduction of alternative refrigerants and the emergence of new technology. The journal has published special issues on alternative refrigerants and novel topics in the field of boiling, condensation, heat pumps, food refrigeration, carbon dioxide, ammonia, hydrocarbons, magnetic refrigeration at room temperature, sorptive cooling, phase change materials and slurries, ejector technology, compressors, and solar cooling.As well as original research papers the International Journal of Refrigeration also includes review articles, papers presented at IIR conferences, short reports and letters describing preliminary results and experimental details, and letters to the Editor on recent areas of discussion and controversy. Other features include forthcoming events, conference reports and book reviews.Papers are published in either English or French with the IIR news section in both languages.Index bound in last issue of calendar year.Visit the International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR) homepage.- ISSN: 0140-7007
Energy 360
Energy 360 is a forward-thinking journal that champions the dissemination of high-quality and transformative research within the energy sector. It is a platform where new ideas from the next generation of energy scholars are not only published but also nurtured. The journal seeks contributions that not only advance the field but also provide novel perspectives and constructive evaluations, reflecting the inventive spirit of young researchers.With a foundational mission to support and elevate early career researchers (ECRs), Energy 360 operates on the principle of 'Led by ECRs, for ECRs'. It provides a nurturing publication platform that assists authors through the publication process, emphasizing the creation and dissemination of scholarly work that meets rigorous academic standards. By offering guidance, training, and forum opportunities, Energy 360 empowers ECRs to develop their manuscripts to the high level of excellence that the journal and the academic community expect.With a broad scope that spans all research areas within the energy sector, Energy 360 encourages interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary research. The focus is on addressing the challenges of achieving net-zero goals and fostering a sustainable energy future. Energy 360 publishes a diverse array of manuscript types, including full-length research articles, review articles, case studies, short communications, perspectives, and news.- ISSN: 2950-4872
Carbohydrate Research
An International Journal of Molecular GlycoscienceCarbohyd... Research publishes reports of original research in the following areas of carbohydrate science: action of enzymes, analytical chemistry, biochemistry (biosynthesis, degradation, structural and functional biochemistry, conformation, molecular recognition, enzyme mechanisms, carbohydrate-process... enzymes, including glycosidases and glycosyltransferases... chemical synthesis, isolation of natural products, physicochemical studies, reactions and their mechanisms, the study of structures and stereochemistry, and technological aspects.Papers on polysaccharides should have a "molecular" component; that is a paper on new or modified polysaccharides should include structural information and characterization in addition to the usual studies of rheological properties and the like. A paper on a new, naturally occurring polysaccharide should include structural information, defining monosaccharide components and linkage sequence.Papers devoted wholly or partly to X-ray crystallographic studies, or to computational aspects (molecular mechanics or molecular orbital calculations, simulations via molecular dynamics), will be considered if they meet certain criteria. For computational papers the requirements are that the methods used be specified in sufficient detail to permit replication of the results, and that the conclusions be shown to have relevance to experimental observations - the authors' own data or data from the literature. Specific directions for the presentation of X-ray data are given below under Results and "discussion".- ISSN: 0008-6215
Lithos
An International Journal of Petrology, Mineralogy and GeochemistryLithos publishes original research papers on the petrology, geochemistry and petrogenesis of igneous and metamorphic rocks. Papers on mineralogy/mineral physics related to petrology and petrogenetic problems are also welcomed. Types of papers published include: regular articles, letters, reviews (normally invited by the editors), comments/replies, book reviews and (very occasionally) synthesis papers. Please click here for more information on Letters and Synthesis.This journal welcomes contributions that support and advance the UN's sustainable development goals- ISSN: 0024-4937
Carbon
The journal Carbon is an international multidisciplinary forum for communicating scientific advances in the field of carbon-based materials, including low-dimensional carbon-based nanostructures. The journal reports new, relevant and significant findings related to the formation, structure, properties, behaviors, and technological applications of carbons, which are a broad class of ordered or disordered solid phases composed primarily of elemental carbon. These materials can be either synthetic or of natural origin, and include, but are not limited to: carbon black; carbon fibers and filaments; carbon nanotubes; diamond and diamond-like carbon; fullerenes; glassy carbon; graphite; graphene; graphene-oxide; porous carbons; pyrolytic carbon; and other sp2 and non-sp2 hybridized carbon systems. Papers may also be considered by the Editors provided:(i) the carbon component is the major focus of the paper's scientific content, for example, in composites (including vertical stacking of two-dimensional (2D) systems); or (ii) the focus is on organic substances if they are new precursors for carbon materials with novel characteristics; or, (iii) relate to carbon compounds such as nitrides and carbides (e.g. C3N4, MXenes) if the new properties or findings can be attributed to the carbon compositions; or (iv) topics related to net zero and sustainability that have the potential to impact carbon science.Relevant application areas for carbon materials include, but are not limited to: biology and medicine; catalysis; electronic, optoelectronic, spintronic, high-frequency, and photonic devices; energy storage and conversion systems; environmental applications and water treatment; smart materials and systems; and, structural and thermal applications.In addition to regular issues, Virtual Special Issues on selected topics are organized from time to time in this journal. Each submission will be evaluated using the same editorial process as that used for regular submissions, and once accepted, will be published online as soon as possible, and featured as part of the Virtual Special Issue. To find out more about the ongoing special issues, please refer to the Announcement section of the journal homepage.Carbon is the companion title to the open access journal Carbon Trends.- ISSN: 0008-6223
Vibrational Spectroscopy
Vibrational Spectroscopy provides a vehicle for the publication of original research which covers infrared, near-infrared and Raman spectroscopies. VIBSPEC publishes papers dealing with developments in applications, theory, techniques and instrumentation.The topics covered by the journal include: • Sampling techniques,• Vibrational spectroscopy coupled with separation techniques,• Instrumentation (Fourier transform, conventional and laser based),• Data manipulation,• Spectra-structure correlation and group frequencies.The application areas covered include: • Analytical chemistry,• Bio-organic and bio-inorganic chemistry,• Catalysis,• Environmental science,• Industrial chemistry,• Materials science,• Physical chemistry,• Polymer science,• Process control,• Specialized problem solving.VIBSPEC provides its readership with a concise picture of the state of the art of vibrational spectroscopy on a regular basis. In order to achieve this goal, VIBSPEC publishes review articles, research papers and short communications.- ISSN: 0924-2031
Coordination Chemistry Reviews
The journal offers rapid publication of review articles on topics of current interest and importance in coordination chemistry. The term coordination chemistry is interpreted broadly, and includes aspects of organometallic, supramolecular, theoretical, and bioinorganic chemistry. The journal also publishes review articles on catalysis, materials chemistry and metal-organic frameworks which focus on the coordination chemistry aspects of these topics. In general, the reviews survey developments in a particular area during the last few years, or discuss the results obtained with a particular technique. We welcome reviews both from established researchers and excellent younger chemists.Special issues are published from time to time on topics of current interest and importance. These special issues may also focus on contributions from a specific country or area of the world, or contain the proceedings of invited lectures to major international conferences. Full book length articles also appear occasionally. The journal also incorporates special volumes containing annual reviews of main group chemistry, on transition metal group chemistry, and on organometallic chemistry. Excellent reviews are essential educational tools for those working in the area of coordination chemistry. Coordination Chemistry Reviews will continue to act as a focal point for informative critical surveys of inorganic and physical inorganic chemistry.Authors are requested to submit a cover letter addressed to the Editor-in-Chief (please see details in the Guide for Authors).- ISSN: 0010-8545
Journal of Constructional Steel Research
The Journal of Constructional Steel Research provides an international forum for the presentation and discussion of the latest developments in structural steel research and their applications in civil engineering. It is aimed not only at researchers but also at those likely to be most affected by research results, i.e. designers and fabricators. Original papers of a high standard dealing with all structural engineering aspects of steel and metal structures including theoretical and experimental research on the behaviour and strength of elements, assemblages, connections and material properties are considered for publication. Submissions substantially concerned with the strength of the concrete component in steel-concrete composite members, including shear stud connections, may not suit the journal. Submissions on pipelines do not fall within the journal's scope.Those presenting research findings in a form suitable for practical use are especially welcome. Papers reporting work in progress will also be included, provided the long-term practical implications of the research are evident, as will state-of-the-art papers, or those by designers and fabricators dealing with issues bearing directly on research.The journal will also present technical notes, book reviews, discussions and letters to the Editor. It is intended that at intervals summaries will be included indicating current research activities throughout the world, and reports of conferences and meetings related specifically to constructional steelwork. Announcements of conference and symposia are also included in the form of a calendar.- ISSN: 0143-974X
Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics
The Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (JASTP) is an international journal concerned with the inter-disciplinary science of the Earth's atmospheric and space environment, especially the highly varied and highly variable physical phenomena that occur in this natural laboratory and the processes that couple them.The journal covers the physical processes operating in the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, ionosphere, magnetosphere, the Sun, interplanetary medium, and heliosphere. Phenomena occurring in other "spheres", solar influences on climate, and supporting laboratory measurements are also considered. The journal deals especially with the coupling between the different regions.Geoeffective solar flares, coronal mass ejections, and other energetic events on the Sun lead to geomagnetic disturbances of the Earth's magnetosphere and directly affect processes in the Earth's ionosphere and atmosphere. Such processes in the solar-terrestrial chain of connections are determined by time intervals and are united in the concepts of "space weather" and "space climate". These topics are central to the Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, and the journal welcomes papers that lead toward a predictive understanding of the coupled system. Regarding the upper atmosphere, the subjects of aeronomy, geomagnetism and geoelectricity, auroral phenomena, radio wave propagation, and plasma instabilities, are examples within the broad field of solar-terrestrial physics which emphasise the energy exchange between the solar wind, the magnetospheric and ionospheric plasmas, and the neutral gas. In the lower atmosphere, topics covered range from mesoscale to global scale dynamics, to atmospheric electricity, lightning and its effects, and to anthropogenic changes.Submissions on these topics may include:The results of experiments and their interpretations, and results of theoretical or modelling studies;Papers dealing with remote sensing carried out from the ground or space and with in situ studies made from rockets or from satellites orbiting the Earth;and,Plans for future research, often carried out within programs of international scope.The Journal also encourages papers involving:Large scale collaborations, especially those with an international perspective;Rapid communications;Paper... dealing with novel techniques or methodologies;Commis... review papers on topical subjects and tutorial reviews;and,Special issues arising from chosen scientific symposia or workshops.JASTP aims to publish innovative research and as such, papers representing incremental improvements to previous studies will, in general, not be considered for publication. Case studies should be of broad interest to the diverse international readership of JASTP and so papers of limited or local significance are not appropriate for this journal.This journal welcomes contributions that support and advance the UN's sustainable development goals, in particular SDG 13 (Climate Action)- ISSN: 1364-6826
Journal of Manufacturing Systems
Published by SMEThe Journal of Manufacturing Systems publishes state-of-the-art fundamental and applied research in manufacturing at systems level. Manufacturing systems are comprised of products, equipment, people, information, control and support functions for the economical and competitive development to satisfy market and societal needs.The aim of the Journal of Manufacturing Systems is to publish archival scholarly literature with the goal of advancing the state of the art in manufacturing systems and encouraging innovation in developing efficient, robust and sustainable manufacturing systems. Pertinent to the Journal is research that will impact emerging manufacturing systems from the equipment level to the extended enterprise. Challenges are addressed at the systems level within and across various scales including nano, micro and macro-scale manufacturing, as well as within and across broad sectors including aerospace, automotive, energy and medical device manufacturing.The scope of the Journal of Manufacturing Systems includes, but is not limited to, the following areas:Factory and production network design, process planning, assembly planning;Smart sensor networks, real-time monitoring, distributed system control;Human-machin... interaction, human-robot collaborative assembly, operator ergonomics;Virtual and augmented reality in manufacturing;Artifi... intelligence in manufacturing;Design and operation for sustainability, energy efficiency in production;Global and regional production networks, material handling, logistics;Mass customisation and personalisation, complexity management;Cyber-phy... production systems, big data analytics, industrial Internet;Systems issues related to additive and subtractive manufacturing, micro-electromechani... systems.Papers addressing related emerging topics are encouraged, and special-topic issues on emerging topics will be considered. Papers on manufacturing processes (additive, subtractive), modelling and simulation, shop-floor scheduling, diagnosis and prognosis, supply chain management, and resource optimisation, will generally be considered out of scope, as there are other more appropriate journals in these areas. The Journal of Manufacturing Systems is an official journal of Society of Manufacturing Engineers (SME), in cooperation with the North American Manufacturing Research Institution of SME (NAMRI/SME).- ISSN: 0278-6125
Tetrahedron Letters
The Tetrahedron Family of journals are the home for organic chemists across disciplines and around the globe. We are building on a legacy of publishing excellence and offering dedicated editorial support and expert peer review; the choice to publish your work as open access or subscription; multiple article types; speed to publication; and unparalleled reach and visibility.TETL (Tetrahedron Letters) welcomes researchers from academia and industry and publishes the following article types: short communications, concise review articles and perspectives.Our scope is focused on but not limited to the following core topics: Catalysis in the broadest sense including: Asymmetric Catalysis, Biocatalysis, Photocatalysis and Electrocatalysis.Gre... & sustainable approaches to synthesisOrganic & Organometallic chemistry including synthetic methodologyChemical Biology and Bioorganic ChemistryNatural product synthesisSynthesis for drug discoveryAI and machine learning for synthesisFunctional organic and polymeric materialsSupramolecu... and macromolecular chemistry- ISSN: 0040-4039
Journal of Organometallic Chemistry
The Journal of Organometallic Chemistry targets original papers (Articles) dealing with theoretical aspects, structural chemistry, synthesis, physical and chemical properties (including reaction mechanisms), and practical applications of organometallic compounds.Organometa... compounds are defined as compounds that contain significant metal - carbon interactions. The term metal includes all alkali and alkaline earth metals, all transition metals and the lanthanides and actinides in the Periodic Table. Metalloids including the elements in Group 13 and the heavier members of the Groups 14 - 16 are also included. The term chemistry includes syntheses, characterizations and reaction chemistry of all such compounds. Research reports based on use of organometallic complexes in bioorganometallic chemistry, medicine, material sciences, homogeneous catalysis and energy conversion are also welcome.New Directions.In recent years chemistry has been moving toward the study of larger and more complex molecules and materials. Studies of organometallic compounds are also growing in size and complexity and in their applications. Today, much research is being focused on nanoscale chemicals and materials. Going forward the Journal of Organometallic Chemistry is now going to include reports in these new areas. Areas that have been recognized as important in these new directions include: Bioorganometallic chemistry, Nanoscale organometallics, Organometallic Polymers and Macromolecules and Metal Nanoparticles for Catalysis and Electrocatalysis and Organometallic Materials with novel physical and photo-properties.Bio... include compounds and materials that have the potential for important bioactivities including antibiotics, anticancer, antimicrobials, antivirals, antimalarials and cytotoxicity and other drug treatment areas.Nanoscale Organometallics include metal compounds, clusters and metal nanoparticles combined with nanocarbon materials including polycyclic aromatics, buckyballs and fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, nanographenes and graphene oxides and -nitrides.Metal Nanoparticles for Catalysis and Electrocatalysis include metal nanoparticles on nanocarbon supports have been shown to exhibit interesting properties for the catalytic synthesis of organic compounds including the oxidation and reduction of important small molecules. Organometallic Polymers and Macromolecules. Interest in organometallic polymers with the metal atoms embedded in the polymer and metal-containing groups supported on carbon chains. Some organometallic polymers exhibit photo-properties that may be useful in the development of solar cells or other photo applications.The scope of the journal has been enlarged to encompass important research on organometallic complexes in bioorganometallic chemistry and material sciences, and of heavier main group elements in organometallic chemistry. The journal also publishes review articles, short communications and notes.- ISSN: 0022-328X
International Journal of Impact Engineering
The International Journal of Impact Engineering, established in 1983 publishes original research findings related to the response of structures, components and materials subjected to impact, blast and high-rate loading. Areas relevant to the journal encompass the following general topics and those associated with them:Behaviour and failure of structures and materials under impact and blast loadingSystems for protection and absorption of impact and blast loadingTerminal ballisticsDynamic behaviour and failure of materials including plasticity and fractureStress wavesStructural crashworthinessHigh-... mechanical and forming processesImpact, blast and high-rate loading/measurement techniques and their applicationsManuscri... submitted for publication will be subjected to stringent peer review and assessed for their contribution to scientific understanding of phenomena and the response of structures and materials to impact, blast and high-rate loading. Work resulting in fundamental insights that benefit engineering design to accommodate high-rate loading, is relevant to the journal. Well-designed and well-documented experimental studies that advance knowledge in the response of materials and structures subjected to impact, blast and high-rate loading are of relevance and interest. However, they should be accompanied by analysis of the experimental data and appropriate conclusions. The incorporation of analytical modelling and/or numerical simulations to support the experimental findings, will enhance the depth and quality of the research reported and make it more compelling. Manuscripts that focus primarily on mathematics, materials science or computation, with little contribution to the scope of impact dynamics described above, as well as those of a purely descriptive nature lacking in analysis, will be declined. Papers comprising largely parametric studies (e.g. using commercial software), unaccompanied by convincing validation and discussion of implications or applications of results generated, as well as those on novel computational techniques without comparison with established analysis or test data, are also not solicited. In all numerical studies, it is essential to demonstrate that the material parameters used in the simulations truly represent the actual physical properties of the material investigated. Consequently, sufficient description/discussi... on how the material parameters were obtained, together with any assumptions, would be necessary. The numerical modelling must also include sufficient information to enable third parties to repeat the simulations. Manuscripts comprising primarily the following content should be submitted to other journals that are more directly related to them: (1) case studies or descriptions of engineering designs subjected to impact or blast loading; (2) dynamic testing that generates experimental data without in-depth analysis; and (3) work focused on defence or military technology. Papers in the International Journal of Impact Engineering should generally be of interest to those in the aeronautical, civil, mechanical, materials, naval, nuclear, ocean, offshore, and transportation engineering fields, as well as those in other science and engineering branches that deal with various aspects of impact, blast and high-rate loading.Machine Learning (ML) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) – Manuscripts describing research employing ML or AI techniques must show clearly how they contribute to advancement in impact engineering and a deeper understanding of the mechanics or physics governing the topic investigated. Authors should outline the AI model’s architecture and describe the training procedure. To ensure reproducibility by others, the training datasets should also be made accessible to IJIE readers, either as supplementary material or via an open-access repository.Companion papers - Authors should submit manuscripts that can be reviewed on their own, without assuming that related earlier or subsequent submissions will be published and available for reference. Authors of companion papers should inform the Editor of the reasons why they wish to publish their work in parts.Short CommunicationsA Short Communication is a brief paper for rapid dissemination of either noteworthy progress related to a particular problem, or new findings on a topic within the Aims and Scope of the Journal. Such articles should be original and impactful to journal readers involved in the field of the article. Author(s) should refer to their published Short Communication and incorporate substantial new content if they subsequently wish to submit a full-length research paper based on expansion of the Short Communication.Before submitting a manuscript to the Journal, please note the following - Publication in this Journal is very competitive. Only high-quality manuscripts that present research findings of sufficient novelty or significance within the Aim and Scope of the Journal and follow the Guide for Authors will be considered. Otherwise the manuscript may be directly rejected by the editor and not be sent for external review. Please carefully consider these criteria before submitting your manuscript to the Journal to save both reviewer's and editor's efforts and time.- ISSN: 0734-743X
Nano Today
Nano Today is dedicated to publishing the most influential and innovative work across the whole of nanoscience and technology. The journal considers any article that informs readers of the latest research and advances in the field, research breakthroughs, and topical issues which express views on developments in related fields. Through its unique mixture of peer-reviewed articles, the latest research news, and information on key developments, Nano Today provides comprehensive coverage of this exciting and dynamic field.Nano Today welcomes the most significant original articles and forward-looking reviews on all aspects of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Contributions include a variety of topics such as:Synthesis and Self-Assembly of Nanostructured Materials and FilmsFunctionalizati... and Size-Dependent Properties of Nanocrystals, Quantum Dots and NanowiresProcessing and Templating of Nanotubes and Nanoporous MaterialsTailoring of Polymeric Nanoparticles, Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites and BiohybridsFabricatio... of Nano and Micro Electro Mechanical SystemsDesign and Engineering of Structural and Functional NanomaterialsNanosys... for Biological, Medical, Chemical, Catalytic, Energy and Environmental ApplicationsNanodevi... for Electronic, Photonic, Magnetic, Imaging, Diagnostic and Sensor Applications- ISSN: 1748-0132
Journal of Crystal Growth
The Journal of Crystal Growth offers a common reference and publication source for workers engaged in research on the experimental and theoretical aspects of crystal growth and its applications, e.g. in devices. Experimental and theoretical contributions are published in the following fields: theory of nucleation and growth, molecular kinetics and transport phenomena, crystallization in viscous media such as polymers and glasses; crystal growth of metals, minerals, semiconductors, superconductors, magnetics, inorganic, organic and biological substances in bulk or as thin films; molecular beam epitaxy, chemical vapor deposition, growth of III-V and II-VI and other semiconductors; characterization of single crystals by physical and chemical methods; apparatus, instrumentation and techniques for crystal growth, and purification methods; multilayer heterostructures and their characterisation with an emphasis on crystal growth and epitaxial aspects of electronic materials. A special feature of the journal is the periodic inclusion of proceedings of symposia and conferences on relevant aspects of crystal growth.- ISSN: 0022-0248
International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics
The International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics publishes original contributions that add to our understanding of the role of humans in today's systems and the interactions thereof with various system components. The journal typically covers the following areas: industrial and occupational ergonomics, design of systems, tools and equipment, human performance measurement and modeling, human productivity, humans in technologically complex systems, and safety. The focus of the articles includes basic theoretical advances, applications, case studies, new methodologies and procedures; and empirical studies.- ISSN: 0169-8141
Engineering Structures
Engineering Structures provides a forum for a broad blend of scientific and technical papers to reflect the evolving needs of the structural engineering and structural mechanics communities. Particularly welcome are contributions dealing with new developments or innovative applications of structural and mechanics principles and digital technologies for the analysis and design of engineering structures. The journal aspires to a broad and integrated coverage of these principles and technologies to structures and structural components, considering all classes of engineering structural materials (steel, steel and fiber reinforced concrete, composite, masonry, glass, wood, novel (smart) materials such as nanomaterials and bio-inspired materials).The scope of Engineering Structures encompasses, but is not restricted to, the following areas: infrastructure engineering; earthquake engineering; structural dynamics; structure-fluid-soil interaction; wind engineering; fire engineering; blast engineering; structural reliability/stabilit... life assessment/integrity... structural health monitoring; multi-hazard engineering; structural optimization; digital design methods; data-driven analysis methods; experimental methods; additive manufacturing and modular construction of engineering structures; performance-based design; multiscale analysis; and value engineering.Topics of interest include, for example: tall buildings; innovative structures; environmentally responsive structures; bridges; stadiums; commercial and public buildings; transmission towers; television and telecommunication masts; foldable structures; cooling towers; wind power generation structures; plate and shell structures; suspension structures; protective structures; smart structures; nuclear reactors; dams; pressure vessels; pipelines; tunnels.Engineering Structures also publishes review articles* , short communications, discussions and a diary on international events related to any aspect of structural engineering and structural mechanics. Manuscripts should present relevant advances as compared to the state of research. Case studies and multiple part papers are, in general, not accepted, and could be considered only if they are related to a clear and high-level scientific or technical innovation. *Authors wishing to submit a review article to the journal should first contact the Editors-in-Chief responsible for their region with a proposal, including a description/abstract... list of all authors, corresponding author's CV and a list of the work they have done or published in the area of the review paper. The Editors will assess this proposal and invite the author to submit if they feel the proposal/topic is of interest for the journal and has high-level technical merits. Unsolicited review articles will unfortunately be declined without review.Author duties: All Authors are required to use institutional/profes... email addresses instead of generic email address e.g. Gmail, Hotmail, 123.com. Acceptance of a manuscript for publication in the journal carries with it an understanding that the author, when requested, will fulfil an obligation to contribute their expertise to the review of others' manuscripts. Authors are also requested to name independent referees together with institutional email addresses. The named possible referees must not be from their own institution.- ISSN: 0141-0296
Polymer
The International Journal for the Science and Technology of PolymersPolymer is an interdisciplinary journal dedicated to publishing innovative and significant advances in Polymer Physics, Chemistry, and Technology. We welcome submissions on polymer chemistry, polymer physics, polymer hybrids, nanocomposites, characterisation and self-assembly. Polymer also publishes work on the technological application of polymers in energy and optoelectronics as well as biomedical applications. We also publish reviews, but only upon invitation from a member of the editorial team. Authors wishing to publish a review are encouraged to share their intended topic and scope with one of our editorial team members, who can provide feedback as to whether Polymer would be the right journal for the proposed review.Polymer’s main scope is covered but not limited to the following core areas:Polymer MaterialsNanocomposi... and hybrid nanomaterialsPolymer blends, films, fibres, networks and porous materialsPhysical CharacterizationChar... modelling and simulation* of molecular and materials properties in bulk, solution, and thin filmsPolymer EngineeringAdvanced multiscale processing methodsPolymer Synthesis, Modification and Self-assemblyIncludi... designer polymer architectures, mechanisms and kinetics, and supramolecular polymerizationTechno... ApplicationsPolymers for energy generation and storagePolymer membranes for separation applications, barrier packaging, and controlled deliveryPolymers for opto- and microelectronicsPoly... for biomedical applications*Theory and simulation papers should include or reference previously published experimental results. The scope of Polymer no longer includes the biomedical applications of polymers. We would strongly recommend that authors consider submitting these papers to our sister title European Polymer Journal.Polymer publishes the following article types: original research papers, review articles, featured articles, short communications and Research Insights.- ISSN: 0032-3861
Microprocessors and Microsystems
Embedded Hardware Design Affiliated with EuromicroMicroproces... and Microsystems: Embedded Hardware Design (MICPRO) is a journal covering all design and architectural aspects related to embedded systems hardware. This includes different embedded system hardware platforms ranging from custom hardware via reconfigurable systems and application specific processors to general purpose embedded processors. Special emphasis is put on novel complex embedded architectures, such as systems on chip (SoC), systems on a programmable/reconfi... chip (SoPC) and multi-processor systems on a chip (MPSoC), as well as, their memory and communication methods and structures, such as network-on-chip (NoC).Design automation of such systems including methodologies, techniques, flows and tools for their design, as well as, novel designs of hardware components fall within the scope of this journal. Novel cyber-physical applications that use embedded systems are also central in this journal. While software is not in the main focus of this journal, methods of hardware/software co-design, as well as, application restructuring and mapping to embedded hardware platforms, that consider interplay between software and hardware components with emphasis on hardware, are also in the journal scope.- ISSN: 0141-9331
Chem Catalysis
Chem Catalysis is a monthly journal publishing innovative and insightful research on fundamental and applied catalysis, providing a platform for researchers across chemistry, chemical engineering, and related fields to disseminate and promote their work. The journal is a premier resource for scientists, researchers, and engineers in both academia and industry, bridging the multidisciplinary aspects and scales of the field. Chem Catalysis publishes experimental and theoretical studies in all fields of catalysis-heterogene... catalysis, homogeneous catalysis, and biocatalysis-that report transformative methods, tools, and technologies that are of value to all communities. We give particular emphasis to reports that significantly advance our understanding of existing systems, expand the current knowledge with novel catalysts, and connect fundamental catalysis insights to the real world for the benefit of society.Catalysis is a key technology for improving the efficiency and sustainability of the production of chemicals and is central to advancing research in renewable energy, healthcare, and environmental science. We therefore ask authors to categorize their research into at least one of the following five Sustainable Development Goals identified by the United Nations:Good health and well-being (SDG 3)Affordable and clean energy (SDG 7)Clean water and sanitation (SDG 6)Climate action (SDG 13)Industry, innovation, and infrastructure (SDG 9)- ISSN: 2667-1093
