Skip to main content
Elsevier

Books in Chemistry

Chemistry topic areas include: physical and theoretical, computational, organic, organometallic and inorganic, pharmaceutical and medicinal, analytical and bioanalytical, nuclear, general, nanochemistry, geochemistry, materials and polymer, as well as environmental, green and sustainable chemistry.

  • Experimental Quantum chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Hedvig
    • English
    Experimental Quantum Chemistry is a comprehensive account of experimental quantum chemistry and covers topics ranging from basic quantum theory to atoms and ions, photons, electrons, and positrons. Nuclei, molecules, and free radicals are also discussed. This volume is comprised of eight chapters and begins with an overview of the basic experiments and ideas leading to the development of quantum theory, with special emphasis on the problems of chemistry. The main properties of electromagnetic radiation are then considered, along with the most important relations of electrons and positrons in chemistry; the quantum theory of isolated atoms and ions; the structure of nuclei and the main applications to organic chemistry; and the chemical structure and reactivity of molecules. The theoretical and experimental aspects of interpreting free radical structures on the basis of the molecular orbital and valence bond theories are also explored. The final chapter is devoted to the chemistry of the organic solid state, paying particular attention to the structure and molecular mobilities of organic solids, collective crystal states (excitons, phonons, and polaritons), energy transfer processes, and reactions in the solid state. This book should be of interest to physicists and organic chemists.

  • Rare Earth Intermetallics

    • 1st Edition
    • W.E. Wallace
    • English
    Rare Earth Intermetallics provides an account of the magnetic characteristics of rare earth intermetallics. This book discusses bulk magnetic characteristics, such as temperature dependence of susceptibility, saturation magnetization, nature of the cooperative magnetic phase, low temperature specific heats, and related thermal properties. Other topics include the magnetic interactions, crystal field interaction by the operator equivalent method, and rare earth-nontransition metal systems. The miscellaneous IVA compounds, rare earth substitution, variation in the iron moment, and compounds with 4d and 5d transition metals are also elaborated in this text. This publication is recommended for students and researchers interested in rare earth intermetallics.

  • The Isoquinoline Alkaloids Chemistry and Pharmacology

    • 1st Edition
    • Maurice Shamma
    • English
    The Isoquinoline Alkaloids: Chemistry and Pharmacology presents an overview of the chemistry, biogenesis, spectroscopy, and pharmacology of the isoquinoline alkaloids. This book examines the significant and interesting aspects of alkaloids. Organized into 32 chapters, this book starts with a discussion of the biogenesis of the isoquinolines and the various pharmacological effects of simple tetrahydroisoquinoli... that have stimulant and convulsive properties. This text then explores the infrared absorptions, with emphasis on wavelength and frequency. Other chapters include topics on synthesis, degradation, reactions, absolute configuration, as well as on ultraviolet and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. This book further explores the various methods available for the preparation of simple tetrahydroisoquinoli... including the Bischler–Napieralski... Pictet–Spengler, and phenolic cyclization, as well as the Friedel–Crafts acylation. The last chapter deals with ancistrocladine, which is the first isoquinoline alkaloid found to possess a methyl group. Biochemists and biophysicists will find this book useful.

  • Chain Structure and Conformation of Macromolecules

    • 1st Edition
    • Frank Bovey
    • English
    Chain Structure and Conformation of Macromolecules provides an introduction to the chain structures of synthetic polymers and their determination in solution and in the solid state. This book discusses the synthetic methods and polymerization mechanisms. Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with an overview of the brief history of the macromolecular concept and of stereochemical and geometrical isomerism in synthetic polymer chains. This text then introduces vibrational spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Other chapters consider the geometric isomerism in diene copolymers as well as the rotational isomeric state method of calculation of polymer chain dimensions. This book discusses as well copolymerization and the measurement of copolymer structure. The final chapter deals with the NMR observation of polymers in the solid state by the method of magic angle spinning, by which both dynamic measurements and high resolution structural information are possible. This book is a valuable resource for organic chemists, chemical engineers, and research workers.

  • Molecular crystals and Molecules

    • 1st Edition
    • A Kitaigorodsky
    • English
    Molecular Crystals and Molecules deals with some of the problems of molecular crystallography and certain aspects of molecular structure. This book is composed of eight chapters that specifically cover the significant progress of conformational research. The opening chapter describes the structure of crystals considering the close-packing principle, disorder elements, and binary systems. The next two chapters examine the calculation of crystal lattice energy and dynamics. These topics are followed by discussions on the molecular movement, structural, and thermodynamic aspects of crystals. The final chapters look into the parameters for conformational calculations of molecules, macromolecules, and biopolymers. This book will be of great value to physical chemists and researchers who are interested in crystal and molecular structure.

  • Hückel Molecular Orbital Theory

    • 1st Edition
    • Keith Yates
    • English
    Huckel Molecular Orbital Theory aims to be a simple, descriptive, and non-mathematical introduction to the Huckel molecular orbital theory and its applications in organic chemistry, thus the more basic text found in the book. The book, after an introduction to related concepts such as quantum mechanics and chemical bonding, discusses the Huckel molecular orbital theory and its basic assumptions; the variation principle and the basic Huckel method; and the use of symmetry properties in simplifying Huckel method orbital calculations. The book also covers other related topics such as the extensions and improvements of the simple Huckel method; the quantitative significance Huckel molecular orbital results; and the principle of conservation of orbital symmetry. The text is recommended for undergraduate students of organic chemistry who wish to be acquainted with the basics of the Huckel molecular orbital theory.

  • Ethane

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 9
    • W. Hayduk
    • English
    This volume contains numerical values and a critical analysis of solubility data for ethane in pure liquids, liquid mixtures, aqueous and organic solutions, and electrolytes, at both low and high pressures. For each published paper, an individual data sheet contains the experimental solubility, a description of the experimental apparatus, the purity of the materials used, and the experimental error where available. For each solute/solvent system the solubility data are critically assessed and recommended solubility values are presented.

  • Living Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • David Ucko
    • English
    Living Chemistry is a 23-chapter textbook that provides a thorough, systematic coverage of the chemical information related to health. The opening chapters cover the basic concepts required for understanding the ""language"" and principles of chemistry. These chapters also introduce the International System of units followed by the studies of carbon compounds based on functional groups. The discussions then shift to the study of biologically important molecules, such as the chemistry of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, as well as the individual reaction steps for important complex metabolic pathways. The remaining chapters explore the chemistry of vitamins, hormones, body fluids, drugs and poisons. Optional topics, including a mathematics review, scientific notation, the unit-factor and proportion methods, metric conversion with practice problems, atomic orbitals, hybridization, metabolic pathways, and the cell, are provided in the supplementary texts. This book is of great value to undergraduate chemistry students.

  • Perturbations in the Spectra of Diatomic molecules

    • 1st Edition
    • Helene Lefebvre-Brion
    • English
    Perturbations in the Spectra of Diatomic Molecules examines in sufficient detail the spectrum of every diatomic molecule. This book is divided into seven chapters. Chapter 1 describes the perturbations and simple procedures for evaluating matrix elements of angular momentum. The terms in the molecular Hamiltonian that are responsible for perturbations are elaborated in Chapter 2, while the process of reducing spectra to molecular constants and the difficulty of relating empirical parameters to terms in the exact molecular Hamiltonian are described in Chapter 3. Chapter 4 discusses the magnitudes and physical interpretations of matrix elements. The transition intensities, especially quantum mechanical interference effects, are reviewed in Chapter 5. The last two chapters are devoted to the two forms of perturbation—prediss... and autoionization. This publication is a good source for graduate students, theorists, experimentalists, and potential users of spectroscopic data.

  • Metal-Catalyzed Oxidations of Organic Compounds

    Mechanistic Principles and Synthetic Methodology Including Biochemical Processes
    • 1st Edition
    • Roger Sheldon
    • English
    Metal-Catalyzed Oxidations of Organic Compounds: Mechanistic Principles and Synthetic focuses on the oxidative transformations of functional groups. This book explores oxidation as being extensively used in the laboratory synthesis of fine organic chemicals and in the manufacture of large-volume petrochemicals. Organized into two parts encompassing 13 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the mechanistic principles of oxidation–reduction in biochemical, organic, and inorganic systems. This text then proceeds with a discussion of the use of molecular oxygen, hydrogen peroxide, and alkyl hydroperoxides as primary oxidants. Other chapters explore stoichiometric oxidations with metal oxidants, which include permanganate and chromic acid. This book discusses as well the synthetic applications of catalytic oxidations as well as the technology of petrochemical oxidation. The final chapter deals with the autoxidations of sulfur, phosphorus, and nitrogen compounds. This book is intended for chemists involved in organic synthesis, catalysis, and organometallic chemistry, both in academic institutions and in industrial laboratories.

  • Gas-Solid Reactions

    • 1st Edition
    • Julian Szekely
    • English
    Gas-Solid Reactions describes gas-solid reaction systems, focusing on the four phenomena—external mass transfer, pore diffusion, adsorption/desorptio... and chemical reaction. This book consists of eight chapters. After the introduction provided in Chapter 1, the basic components of gas-solid reactions are reviewed in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 describes the reactions of individual nonporous solid particles, while Chapter 4 elaborates the reaction of single porous particles. Solid-solid reactions proceeding through gaseous intermediates are considered in Chapter 5. Chapter 6 deals with the experimental approaches to the study of gas-solid reaction systems. How information on single-particle behavior may be used for the design of multiparticle, large-scale assemblies, and packed- and fluidized-bed reaction systems is deliberated in Chapter 7. The last chapter covers the specific gas-solid reaction systems, including some statistical indices indicating the economic importance of the systems and processes it’s based on. This publication is recommended for practicing engineers engaged in process research, development, and design in the many fields where gas-solid reactions are important.

  • Multiplets of Transition-Metal Ions in Crystals

    • 1st Edition
    • Satoru Sugano
    • English
    Multiplets of Transition-Metal Ions in Crystals provides information pertinent to ligand field theory. This book discusses the fundamentals of quantum mechanics and the theory of atomic spectra. Comprised of 10 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the qualitative nature of the splitting of the energy level as well as the angular behavior of the wavefunctions. This text then examines the problem of obtaining the energy eigenvalues and eigenstates of the two-electron systems, in which two electrons are accommodated in the t2g and eg shells in a variety of ways. Other chapters discuss the ligand-field potential, which is invariant to any symmetry operation in the group to which symmetry of the system belongs. This book discusses as well the approximate method of expressing molecular orbitals (MO) by a suitable linear combination of atomic orbitals (AO). The final chapter discusses the MO in molecules and the self-consistent field theory of Hartree–Fock. This book is a valuable resource for research physicists, chemists, electronic engineers, and graduate students.

  • Azides and Nitrenes

    Reactivity and Utility
    • 1st Edition
    • Eric Scriven
    • English
    Azides and Nitrenes: Reactivity and Utility provides information pertinent to the fundamentals aspects of the chemistry of azides and nitrenes. This book discusses the mechanism and synthetic applications of alkyl azides. Organized into 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the properties and chemistry of alkyl azides and alkylnitrenes. This text then examines the various pathways to the preparation of vinyl azides. Other chapters consider the magnetic resonance spectrum of phenyl azide, which may be taken as a representative to which more complex examples can be related. This book discusses as well the acyl azides and acylnitrenes that have their nitrogen function attached to electron-withdrawing groups not possessing a heteroatom bearing an unshared electron pair next to the nitrogen function. The final chapter deals with the main uses for organic azides involved in photochemical cross-linking of polymeric systems. This book is a valuable resource for chemists, spectroscopists, and theoreticians.

  • Organic Elemental Analysis

    Ultramicro, Micro, and Trace Methods
    • 1st Edition
    • Wolfgang Kirmse
    • English
    Organic Elemental Analysis: Ultramicro, Micro, and Trace Methods is a 22-chapter text that presents the methods for ultramicro, micro, and trace organic elemental analysis for commercial routine analysis. Each chapter of this book describes the important features of the methods evaluated, such as gas chromatography, wet absorption, spectrophotometry, diffusion, extraction, flame photometry, and dead-stop titration. These methods are classified into dynamic, multielement, and automatic determination methods. The advantages and limitations, as well as the speed, accuracy, reliability and economic aspects of these methods are examined. Considerable chapters are devoted to the analysis of various elements, including carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, sulfur, chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine, and phosphorus. Organic and analytical chemists, as well as chemistry teachers and students will find this work invaluable.

  • Physical Methods in Heterocyclic Chemistry V5

    • 1st Edition
    • P Wheatley
    • English
    Physical Methods in Heterocyclic Chemistry, Volume V: Handbook of Molecular Dimensions focuses on bond lengths and angles from X-ray crystallography. This book provides a list of known X-ray structure determinations of molecules and ions that contain heterocyclic rings. Comprised of one chapter, this volume starts with an overview of the use of X-ray diffraction for the study of the geometry of molecules of all types. This text then discusses the three primary reasons for the lack of accuracy in bond lengths and angles determined by X-ray diffraction. This book discusses as well the effect of substitution on the bond lengths and angles in a heterocyclic ring system. The reader is also introduced to the various factors influencing the magnitudes of bond lengths and angles in molecules, which include the degree of hybridization, bond orders, electronegativity, interelectronic repulsion, or the equivalent concepts in terms of which these factors may be expressed. Heterocyclic chemists, biochemists, molecular biologists, and researchers will find this book useful.

  • Quantum Mechanics For Organic Chemists

    • 1st Edition
    • Howard Zimmerman
    • English
    Quantum Mechanics for Organic Chemists is based on the author's first-year graduate course on quantum mechanics for Organic Chemistry majors. The book not only makes a gradual transition from elementary to advanced, but also tries an approach that allows students to have a more intuitive learning. The book covers concepts in quantum physics and topics such as the LCAO-MO Huckel Approach; group theory; and extensions, modifications, and applications of the Huckel approach. Also included in the book are the areas of three-dimensional treatments; polyelectron wave functions; the Slater determinant; and Pople's SCF equations. The text is recommended for graduate students of organic chemistry who would like to know more about the applications of quantum mechanics in their field. Quantum physicists who are interested in the field of organic chemistry would also find the book appealing.

  • Ph Measurements

    • 1st Edition
    • C Westcott
    • English
    pH Measurements is a seven-chapter simplified text on obtaining a high degree of accuracy in practical pH measurement. The introductory chapter of this book relates the principles of pH measurements to the actual measurement. This chapter specifically tackles the factors involved in the measurement and what magnitude of effect does each factor have on the measurement. These topics are followed by discussions on the components of pH equipment and technique, including the electrodes and buffers. A chapter considers the general approach of pH measurements and illustrates with examples of some common difficult samples. The concluding chapter shows the isolation and correction a pH equipment malfunction. pH equipment operators and users will find this book rewarding.

  • Organotransition Metal Chemistry A Mechanistic Approach

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard Heck
    • English
    Organotransition Metal Chemistry: A Mechanistic Approach describes a mechanistic approach to the study of the chemistry of organotransition metals. Organotransition metals are discussed in relation to their reactions with specific functional groups or types of compounds rather than by metals. Topics covered include the formation of hydrogen and carbon bonds to transition metals; reactions of transition metal δ- and π-bonded derivatives; and addition and elimination reactions of olefinic compounds. This book is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with a historical overview of organotransition metal chemistry, together with the unique chemistry of transition metals and mechanisms of ligand replacements. The following chapters discuss the methods of preparation of hydrido complexes and carbon-transition metal bonds; homogeneous hydrogenation reactions; isomerization, dimerization, oligomerization, and polymerization of olefins; and reactions of dienes, trienes, and tetraenes with transition metal compounds. Transition metal reactions with acetylenes and carbon monoxide as well as organic carbonyl compounds are also examined. This monograph should be of value to organic chemists as well as students and researchers of organic chemistry.

  • Theory of Unimolecular Reactions

    • 1st Edition
    • Wendell Forst
    • English
    Theory of Unimolecular Reactions provides a comprehensive analysis of the theory of unimolecular reactions, also known to kineticists as the Rice-Marcus or the Rice-Ramsperger-Kass... theory, and to those working in mass spectrometry and related fields as the quasi-equilibrium theory or the theory of mass spectra. This book demonstrates how theoretical parameters are related to experimental observables and describes the methods that are used to obtain useful numerical answers. This monograph consists of 11 chapters and begins by explaining the derivation of the expression for the basic rate k(E), with emphasis on the unimolecular rate constant, intramolecular energy transfer, and potential energy surfaces in unimolecular reactions. The statistical calculation of unimolecular rate under vibrational potential is also given, along with pertinent degrees of freedom. The remaining chapters explore the energy distribution functions appropriate to each system, the averaging of k(E), and the relations between theoretical and experimental parameters. Thermal reactions, chemical activation systems, and the theory of mass spectra are examined. The last chapter is devoted to the transition state and its ambiguities. This text will be of interest to gas kineticists, mass spectrometrists, and students and researchers working in the field of physical chemistry.

  • Oxocarbons

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert C. West
    • English
    Oxocarbons is a 10-chapter text that covers chemical-physical aspects, reaction chemistry, and spectroscopic investigations of oxocarbons. This book starts with a discussion on the early history of the oxocarbons. The subsequent seven chapters are devoted to the reactions, synthesis, and chemistry of substituted derivatives of cyclic polycarbonyls, called ""pseudooxocarbons""... The remaining chapters describe the structural phase transition and dielectric properties of squaric acid. This book will be of value to organic chemists and researchers who are interested in the synthesis of oxocarbons and related derivatives.

  • Photochemistry in Microheterogeneous Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • K Kalyanasundaram
    • English
    Photochemistry in Microheterogeneous Systems provides an introduction to the subject of photochemistry in microheterogeneous systems. Emphasis is on the unimolecular and bimolecular reactions of electronically excited molecules in non-homogeneous media, as well as the application of photophysical and photochemical processes and techniques to the study of various microheterogeneous systems of chemical and biological interest, from normal and inverted micelles to vesicles and liposomes, monolayers, black lipid membranes, and liquid crystalline solvents. This monograph is comprised of 10 chapters and begins with an overview of microheterogeneous systems; excited-state processes and reactions; photochemistry in microheterogeneous systems; and structural and dynamical aspects of micellar aggregates. The discussion then turns to micellar photophysics and photochemistry, with emphasis on singlet-state and triplet-state reactions. Subsequent chapters focus on photoprocesses in a variety of microheterogeneous systems such as reversed micelles, microemulsions, lipids, surfactant vesicles, and liposomes; polymers, polyelectrolytes, and ion-exchange membranes; and molecular inclusion complexes. The final chapter is devoted to the photochemistry of molecules in the adsorbed state. This text is intended for graduate students and practicing chemists.

  • Organic reactive intermediates

    • 1st Edition
    • Samuel McManus
    • English
    Organic Chemistry: A Series of Monographs, Volume 26: Organic Reactive Intermediates focuses on the study of reactive intermediates. This book discusses the methods of formation and investigation, factors affecting the stability, and reactions of the intermediate. Other topics include the formation and reaction of free radicals; kinetic aspects of free-radical chain reactions; electronic states and structures of carbenes; and formation of transient carbenes and carbenoids in solution. The intermediacy of nitrenes in reactions; electronic structure and spectra; methods of investigating carbonium ions; and reactions of carbonium ions are also elaborated. This publication likewise covers the preparation of carbanions; factors affecting the stability of carbanions; reactions involving radical ions; and methods of investigating arynes. This volume serves as a textbook for the first graduate-level course, as well as a reference for industrial chemists interested in organic reaction mechanisms.

  • Diazo Compounds

    Properties and Synthesis
    • 1st Edition
    • Manfred Regitz
    • English
    Diazo Compounds: Properties and Synthesis focuses on the properties and syntheses of aliphatic diazo compounds. This monograph explores the application of diazo compounds in organic synthesis. Organized into two parts encompassing 16 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the structurally inherent effects of diazoalkenes. This monograph then examines the most important contribution of diazo compounds to the chemistry of carbenes and cycloadditions. Other chapters deal with structure, thermal behavior, acidic decomposition, spectroscopic properties, photochemistry of diazoalkenes, and synthetic methods. This book further discusses the qualitative and quantitative studies of the thermal stabilities of alkyl and aryl diazomethanes. The final chapter deals with the isotope-labeled diazo compounds that are of great importance for investigations of organic reaction mechanisms. This book is intended for chemists with an interest in the synthetic application of diazo compounds. Students and researchers engaged in the study of the physical properties of diazo compounds will find this book extremely useful.

  • Thermodynamic Properties of Nonelectrolyte Solutions

    • 1st Edition
    • William Acree
    • English
    Thermodynamic Properties of Nonelectrolyte Solutions reviews several of the more classical theories on the thermodynamics of nonelectrolyte solutions. Basic thermodynamic principles are discussed, along with predictive methods and molecular thermodynamics. This book is comprised of 12 chapters; the first of which introduces the reader to mathematical relationships, such as concentration variables, homogeneous functions, Euler’s theorem, exact differentials, and method of least squares. The discussion then turns to partial molar quantities, ideal and nonideal solutions, and empirical expressions for predicting the thermodynamic properties of multicomponent mixtures from binary data. The chapters that follow explore binary and ternary mixtures containing only nonspecific interactions; the thermodynamic excess properties of liquid mixtures and ternary alcohol-hydrocarbon systems; and solubility behavior of nonelectrolytes. This book concludes with a chapter describing the use of gas-liquid chromatography in determining the activity coefficients of liquid mixtures and mixed virial coefficients of gaseous mixtures. This text is intended primarily for professional chemists and researchers, and is invaluable to students in chemistry or chemical engineering who have background in physical chemistry and classical thermodynamics.

  • Electronic Absorption Spectra and Geometry of Organic Molecules

    An Application of Molecular Orbital Theory
    • 1st Edition
    • Hiroshi Suzuki
    • English
    Electronic Absorption Spectra and Geometry of Organic Molecules: An Application of Molecular Orbital Theory focuses on electronic absorption spectra of organic compounds and molecules. The book begins with the discussions on molecular spectra, electronic absorption spectra of organic compounds, and practical measures of absorption intensity. The text also focuses on molecular orbital theory and group theory. Molecular state functions; fundamental postulates of quantum theory; representation of symmetry groups; and symmetry operations and symmetry groups are described. The book also discusses shape of absorption bands and geometry of excited electronic states; effect of environment on electronic absorption spectra; and the application of simple LCAO MO method to simple π systems. An evaluation of the parameters used in simple LCAO MO method is presented. The text notes the usefulness and restrictions of simple LCAO MO method in the interpretation of electronic absorption spectra. The correlation between results of simple MO calculation and spectral data in aromatic hydrocarbons, and correlation between results of simple MO calculation and spectral data in conjugated linear polyenes are discussed. The book also looks at MO methods and the relations between electronic absorption spectra and geometry of molecules, biphenyl, styrene, and related compounds. The text is a good source of data for researchers and chemistry students who want to study electronic absorption spectra.

  • Metal Complexes

    The Organic Chemistry of Palladium
    • 1st Edition
    • Peter Maitlis
    • English
    The Organic Chemistry of Palladium, Volume 1: Metal Complexes deals with the number of organic reactions that can be catalyzed by palladium, particularly as regards the structures bonding, and reactions of the metal complexes. The book discusses monodentate ligands which are either neutral (carbonyls, isonitriles, carbenes) or anionic (methyl, phenyl, ethynyl, hydride). The text also examines the complexes formed by 1,3-. 1,4-, and 1,5-diolefins where four carbon atoms are bound to the metal. Palladium (II) can undergo a reaction with the 1,3-dienes and results in a ?-allylic complexes where only three carbon atoms are coordinated to the metal. (The bonding situation in complexes 1,4- and 1,5-dienes, where no great interaction between the olefins are similar to that in monoolefin complexes, is straightforward), Olefins can also react with palladium chloride in protic solvents to produce ketones (or aldehydes) or organic coupling products. Some experiments conducted by Huttel et al shows that some palladium was precipitated from the reactions giving lower yields, resulting in various aldehydes and ketones as by products. The book also discusses cyclopentadienyl and benzene complexes. The text can prove beneficial for researchers, investigators and scientists whose works involve organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, physical chemistry and inorganic chemistry.

  • Excited State Lifetime Measurements

    • 1st Edition
    • J Demas
    • English
    Excited State Lifetime Measurements attempts to assist in clarifying and unifying the many characteristics and definitions of excited state lifetime measurements. The contents of this book are derived from a series of lectures presented to a research group in the University of New Mexico in 1967. The relevance as well as the methods and measurements of data treatment of excited state lifetimes are featured in this book. The first three chapters provide a brief discussion on concepts and applications of excited state lifetime measurements. Experimental methods and systems are also introduced in these chapters. Chapter 4 delves into more complex systems (serial decay kinetics and resonance energy transfer) while Chapter 5 focuses on the method of least squares fitting, its uses, and misuses. Chapters 6 to 8 mainly discuss the convolution integral and its different applications while Chapter 9 gives a more detailed presentation of instrumentation. The last two chapters discuss special errors and approaches to new methodologies regarding the study of the excited state lifetime measurements. The book will be useful to students and scientists including analytical chemists, photochemists, photobiologists, spectroscopists, and physicists.

  • Adsorption of Gases on Heterogeneous Surfaces

    • 1st Edition
    • W. Rudzinski + 1 more
    • English
    All real solid surfaces are heterogeneous to a greater or lesser extent and this book provides a broad yet detailed survey of the present state of gas adsorption. Coverage is comprehensive and extends from basic principles to computer simulation of adsorption. Underlying concepts are clarified and the strengths and weaknesses of the various methods described are discussed.

  • Reaction In Condensed Phases

    • 1st Edition
    • Henry Eyring
    • English
    Physical Chemistry: An Advanced Treatise: Reactions in Condensed Phases, Volume VII, deals with reactions in condensed phases. The purpose of this treatise is to present a comprehensive treatment of physical chemistry for advanced students and investigators in a reasonably small number of volumes. An attempt has been made to include all important topics in physical chemistry together with borderline subjects which are of particular interest and importance. The book begins by discussing the basic principles of reaction rates in solution. This is followed by separate chapters on estimating the rate parameters of elementary reactions; the use of correlation diagrams to interpret organic reactions; perturbation of reaction rates by substituents; and inorganic reactions. Subsequent chapters cover the important field of free radicals, including chain reactions and solvent effects; heterogeneous catalysis; various types of surface reactions; surface annealing; electron reactions; nucleation; and radiation chemistry. The book presents a broad picture of current developments in reaction rates in condensed phases in a form accessible to all students of chemical kinetics. This treatment, by experts in widely different areas, will hopefully meet many student needs and provide a useful overview for all.

  • The Chemistry of Catalytic Hydrocarbon Conversions

    • 1st Edition
    • Herman Pines
    • English
    The Chemistry of Catalytic Hydrocarbon Conversions covers the various chemical aspects of catalytic conversions of hydrocarbons. This book is composed of eight chapters that include catalytic synthesis of hydrocarbons from carbon monoxide, hydrogen, and methanol. The opening chapters examine various acid- and base-catalyzed reactions, such as isomerization, polymerization, oligomerization, alkylation, catalytic cracking, reforming, hydrocracking, and hydrogenation. The subsequent chapters are devoted to specific catalytic reactions, including heterogeneous hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, aromatization, and oxidation. Other chapters describe the homogeneous catalysis by transition metal organometallic catalysts and the metathesis of unsaturated hydrocarbons. The concluding chapter deals with the synthesis of liquid hydrocarbon fuels from carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methanol, and dimethyl ether. This book is of great benefit to petroleum chemists, engineers, and researchers.

  • Diffusion in Crystalline Solids

    • 1st Edition
    • G E Murch
    • English
    Diffusion in Crystalline Solids addresses some of the most active areas of research on diffusion in crystalline solids. Topics covered include measurement of tracer diffusion coefficients in solids, diffusion in silicon and germanium, atom transport in oxides of the fluorite structure, tracer diffusion in concentrated alloys, diffusion in dislocations, grain boundary diffusion mechanisms in metals, and the use of the Monte Carlo Method to simulate diffusion kinetics. This book is made up of eight chapters and begins with an introduction to the measurement of diffusion coefficients with radioisotopes. The following three chapters consider diffusion in materials of substantial technological importance such as silicon and germanium. Atomic transport in oxides of the fluorite structure is described, and diffusion in concentrated alloys, including intermetallic compounds, is analyzed. The next two chapters delve into diffusion along short-circuiting paths, focusing on the effect of diffusion down dislocations on the form of the tracer concentration profile. The book also discusses the mechanisms of diffusion in grain boundaries in metals by invoking considerable work done on grain-boundary structure. The last two chapters are concerned with computer simulation, paying particular attention to machine calculations and the Monte Carlo method. The book concludes by exploring the fundamental atomic migration process and presenting some state-of-the-art calculations for defect energies and the topology of the saddle surface. Students and researchers of material science will find this book extremely useful.

  • Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis

    • 1st Edition
    • Michael F. L'Annunziata
    • English
    Handbook of Radioactivity Analysis is written by experts in the measurement of radioactivity. The book describes the broad scope of analytical methods available and instructs the reader on how to select the proper technique. It is intended as a practical manual for research which requires the accurate measurement of radioactivity at all levels, from the low levels encountered in the environment to the high levels measured in radioisotope research. This book contains sample preparation procedures, recommendations on steps to follow, necessary calculations, computer controlled analysis, and high sample throughput techniques. Each chapter includes practical techniques for application to nuclear safety, nuclear safeguards, environmental analysis, weapons disarmament, and assays required for research in biomedicine and agriculture. The fundamentals of radioactivity properties, radionuclide decay, and methods of detection are included to provide the basis for a thorough understanding of the analytical procedures described in the book. Therefore, the Handbook can also be used as a teaching text.

  • Superionic Solids And Solid Electrolytes Recent Trends

    • 1st Edition
    • Amulya Laskar
    • English
    Superionic Solids and Solid Electrolytes: Recent Trends describes the fundamental aspects, unique properties, and potential applications of superionic solids and solid electrolytes. These materials significantly contribute to the development of the solid state ionics technology. This book is divided into 17 chapters, and begins with an overview of various materials, such as glasses, heterogeneous or dispersed phase conductors, proton conductors, Nasicon, and fluorites. These topics are followed by a discussion on the problems related with entropy effects, subsurface space charge, and defect formation parameters. Significant chapters deal with the phenomenological, fractal, molecular dynamics, fluctuations, and correlations in superionic solid and solid electrolyte materials. A chapter tackles the solid state battery applications of solid electrolytes. This text ends with a chapter on the prediction of the potentials of activity in superionics. This book will be of value to graduate students and researchers who are interested in the solid state ionics technology.

  • Organoborane Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Thomas Onak
    • English
    Organoborane Chemistry deals with the chemistry of organoboranes, with emphasis on compounds containing a carbon-boron bond. The structure and physical properties of organoboranes are discussed, along with the reactions of three-coordinate and four-coordinate organoboranes, organodiboranes, and other organopolyboranes such as organotetraboranes and organopentaborane compounds. Comprised of seven chapters, this book begins with an overview of multistep synthetic or degradative reactions involving organoboron compounds, along with the nomenclature for such compounds. The next chapter examines the structure and physical properties of organoboranes, with emphasis on boron-carbon bond lengths, electronic transitions, and molecular orbital calculations. Subsequent chapters focus on three-coordinate and four-coordinate organoboranes, together with their synthesis, reactions, and properties; hydroboration and dehydroboration of organodiboranes; and the synthesis, reactions, and physical properties of other organopolyboranes such as organotetraboranes, organopentaborane compounds, and organodecaborane compounds. The final chapter is devoted to cyclic boron-carbon systems and the applications of organoboron compounds. This monograph should be of interest to organic chemists.

  • Computational Statistical Mechanics

    • 1st Edition
    • W.G. Hoover
    • English
    Computational Statistical Mechanics describes the use of fast computers to simulate the equilibrium and nonequilibrium properties of gases, liquids, and solids at, and away from equilibrium. The underlying theory is developed from basic principles and illustrated by applying it to the simplest possible examples.Thermodynam... based on the ideal gas thermometer, is related to Gibb's statistical mechanics through the use of Nosé-Hoover heat reservoirs. These reservoirs use integral feedback to control temperature. The same approach is carried through to the simulation and analysis of nonequilibrium mass, momentum, and energy flows. Such a unified approach makes possible consistent mechanical definitions of temperature, stress, and heat flux which lead to a microscopic demonstration of the Second Law of Thermodynamics directly from mechanics. The intimate connection linking Lyapunov-unstable microscopic motions to macroscopic dissipative flows through multifractal phase-space structures is illustrated with many examples from the recent literature.The book is well-suited for undergraduate courses in advanced thermodynamics, statistical mechanic and transport theory, and graduate courses in physics and chemistry.

  • Adsorption From Solution

    • 1st Edition
    • R. H. Ottewill + 2 more
    • English
    Adsorption From Solution discusses the significance of adsorption behavior in thermodynamic terms, with emphasis on the interplay between enthalpic and entropic contributions to the free energy. This book examines the role of simple models and of elementary thermodynamic and statistical mechanical arguments in relation to the concept of surface phase. Organized into 22 chapters, this book starts with an overview of the theoretical model for the solid/liquid interface. This text then proceeds with a discussion of the general thermodynamic treatment of adsorption from mixed solvents, which is designed to apply in situations where adsorbed species may be regarded as distinct from their bulk counterparts. Other chapters discuss the adsorption from solutions of various interfaces of liquid/gas, liquid/liquid, or liquid/solid. The final chapter deals with the roles of adsorption from solution in controlling other phenomena, such as liquid–liquid displacement, wetting, and the forces between colloidal particles. Physicists, chemists, and materials scientists will find this book extremely useful.

  • Combustion 2e

    • 1st Edition
    • Irvin Glassman
    • English
    Combustion, Second Edition focuses on the underlying principles of combustion and covers topics ranging from chemical thermodynamics and flame temperatures to chemical kinetics, detonation, ignition, and oxidation characteristics of fuels. Diffusion flames, flame phenomena in premixed combustible gases, and combustion of nonvolatile fuels are also discussed. This book consists of nine chapters and begins by introducing the reader to heats of reaction and formation, free energy and the equilibrium constants, and flame temperature calculations. The next chapter explores the rates of reactions and their temperature dependency; simultaneous interdependent and chain reactions; pseudo-first-order reactions; the partial equilibrium assumption; and pressure effect in fractional conversion. The chain branching reactions and criteria for explosion explosion are then considered, along with the limits and oxidation characteristics of fuels such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and hydrocarbons. The remaining chapters look at the laminar flame speed and stability limits of laminar flames; deflagration and detonation; burning in convective atmospheres; and the theory of thermal ignition. The final chapter is devoted to the burning of nonvolatile fuels such as coal. This monograph will be a valuable resource for students and teachers of physics.

  • Spectroscopy in Inorganic Chemistry V1

    • 1st Edition
    • C.N.R. Rao
    • English
    Spectroscopy in Inorganic Chemistry, Volume I describes the innovations in various spectroscopic methods that are particularly effective in inorganic chemistry studies. This volume contains nine chapters; each chapter discusses a specific spectroscopic method, their fundamental principles, methods, instrumentation, advantages disadvantages, and application. Chapter 1 covers some of the general principles and experiments that have been used in the recording and interpretation of crystal spectra of molecules that contain transition-metal ions. Chapter 2 illustrates the application of spectroscopic techniques to the photochemistry of small inorganic molecules, non-transition-metal compounds, and transition-metal complexes. The remaining chapters examine several spectroscopic methods, such as matrix isolation, mass, soft X-ray, and Mössbauer spectroscopies, high-resolution NMR, and nuclear quadrupole resonance, with a particular emphasis on their effective application in inorganic chemistry studies. This book will be of great benefit to inorganic chemists, spectroscopists, and inorganic chemistry teachers and students.

  • Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Molecules and Crystals V1

    • 1st Edition
    • D.S. Chemla
    • English
    Nonlinear Optical Properties of Organic Molecules and Crystals, Volume 1 discusses the nonlinear optical effects in organic molecules and crystals, providing a classical distinction between quadratic and cubic processes. This book begins with a general overview of the basic properties of organic matter, followed by a review on the benefits derived from quantum-chemistry-ba... models and growth and characterization of high quality, bulk organic crystals and waveguided structures. A case study focusing on a specific material, namely urea, which exemplifies a situation in which transparency in the UV region has been purposely traded for nonlinear efficiency is also deliberated. This text concludes with a description of a type of trade-off between the unpredictable orientation of molecules in crystalline media, polarity of liquid-crystalline structures, and dominant electronic contribution to the electro-optic effect. This publication is beneficial to solid-state physicists and chemists concerned with nonlinear optical properties of organic molecules and crystals.

  • Analytical Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

    Selected Methods
    • 1st Edition
    • A.J. (Tom) Van Loon
    • English
    Analytical Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy presents the theories, methods, and principles in absorption spectrometry in an easily readable fashion that would suit the practicing analyst. The book covers the general principles involved in atomic spectroscopy, such as atomization and optical systems; electronic signal processing; and calibration procedures and accuracy and precision. The text then moves on to the preparation, determination, and analysis of different substances, such as waters, geological materials, metals and alloys, air samples, petroleum products, industrial samples, and metal compounds. The book also covers developments in the different areas of atomic spectroscopy, such as radiation sources, spectrometers, detectors, and other instruments. The text is recommended for practitioners and experts in the field of atomic spectroscopy, especially those looking for a book that details theories, practices, and advancements in the subject.

  • The Organic Chemist's Book of Orbitals

    • 1st Edition
    • William Jorgensen
    • English
    The Organic Chemist's Book of Orbitals focuses on the mechanisms, stereochemistry, and reactivity of molecular orbitals. Composed of four chapters, the book outlines how molecular orbitals are created by delocalization. Concerns include CC and CH single-bond orbitals; bond orbitals and group orbitals; and the localized orbitals of CH2 and CH3 groups. Schematic diagrams are presented to show the nature, reactions, and compositions of molecular orbitals. The text offers a list of molecules and orbital occupancies. Orbital drawings are presented to show the differences of the molecular orbitals of hydrogen, water, ammonia, methane, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and acetylene. The book also provides an index of references for the molecular geometries and orbital energies employed in the orbital drawings. Considering the weight of data presented, the book is a great find for readers interested in studying molecular orbitals.

  • Base-Catalyzed Reactions of Hydrocarbons and Related Compounds

    • 1st Edition
    • Herman Pines
    • English
    Base-Catalyzed Reactions of Hydrocarbons and Related Compounds focuses on the use of bases as catalysts for the conversion of hydrocarbons and related compounds. In order to emphasize the broad scope of base-catalyzed reactions, examples dealing with the conversion of non-hydrocarbons are given. Comprised of 14 chapters, this book begins with a historical overview of base-catalyzed conversions of hydrocarbons, followed by a discussion on the isomerization of olefins, acetylenes, and allenes, as well as the dimerization and oligomerization of hydrocarbons. The reader is then introduced to a variety of reactions, including those between aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins and between alkylpyridines and alkenylpyridines; homogeneous carbon-carbon addition reactions; and reactions of aprotic solvents with olefins. Subsequent chapters explore carbon-carbon addition of olefins with miscellaneous compounds; addition of ammonia, amines, and anilines to olefinic hydrocarbons; hydrogenation and oxygenation; dehydrogenation, aromatization, and hydrogen transfer; and dehydration of alcohols. This monograph will be of interest to chemists.

  • Preparative Methods in Solid State Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Paul Hagenmuller
    • English
    Preparative Methods in Solid State Chemistry deals with the preparative methods used in solid state chemistry and highlights the importance of the chemist's role in preparing materials of desired quality as well as obtaining materials according to the requirements of the user such as the physicist. Topics covered range from high-pressure techniques in preparative chemistry to methods of growing single crystals of high-melting-point oxides. This book is comprised of 14 chapters and begins with an overview of possibilities for high-pressure synthesis, as well as the methods used to obtain high pressures, including transmission by gaseous or liquid fluids or in the solid state. The method of shock waves is then considered both from the point of view of thermodynamics and thermoelasticity, along with the possibility of using superpressures for evidently revolutionary applications. Subsequent chapters focus on the synthesis of single crystals of refractory oxides either at high temperatures (essentially liquid-solid transformations) or at lower temperatures in the presence of a solvent or a chemical reagent. The production of single crystals by electrolytic reduction in molten salts is also described. Numerous examples of vapor transport reactions in a temperature gradient are presented. This monograph should be of interest to chemists and students of solid state chemistry.

  • Catalytic Hydrogenation over Platinum Metals

    • 1st Edition
    • Paul Rylander
    • English
    Catalytic Hydrogenation over Platinum Metals focuses on catalytic hydrogenation as an effective process in attaining controlled transformations of organic compounds. Composed of contributions of various authors, the book first provides information on catalysts, equipment, and conditions. Catalyst stability and reuse; types of catalyst; platinum metals; and synergism are covered. The text proceeds with discussions on hydrogenation reactors. Topics include atmospheric pressure reactors; low pressure reactors; microreactors; and high pressure reactors. The book also covers hydrogenation of carbon-carbon unsaturation. Catalytic metal; modified catalyst systems; stereochemistry; diacetylenes; and hydrogenolysis are discussed. The text also looks at the hydrogenation of aromatics, nitrogen and carbonyl compounds, and hydrogenolysis. Numerical representations and analysis, diagrams, and reactions of compounds when exposed to different laboratory conditions are considered. The selection is a great source of data for readers interested in studying the process of catalytic hydrogenation.

  • Second Quantization-Based Methods in Quantum Chemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Poul Joergensen
    • English
    Second Quantization-Based Methods in Quantum Chemistry presents several modern quantum chemical tools that are being applied to electronic states of atoms and molecules. Organized into six chapters, the book emphasizes the quantum chemical methods whose developments and implementations have been presented in the language of second quantization. The opening chapter of the book examines the representation of the electronic Hamiltonian, other quantum-mechanical operators, and state vectors in the second-quantization language. This chapter also describes the unitary transformations among orthonormal orbitals in an especially convenient manner. In subsequent chapters, various tools of second quantization are used to describe many approximation techniques, such as Hartree-Fock, perturbation theory, configuration interaction, multiconfigurational Hartree-Fock, cluster methods, and Green’s function. This book is an invaluable source for researchers in quantum chemistry and for graduate-level students who have already taken introductory courses that cover the fundamentals of quantum mechanics through the Hartree-Fock method as applied to atoms and molecules.

  • Chemistry of Free Atoms and Particles

    • 1st Edition
    • Kenneth Klabunde
    • English
    Chemistry of Free Atoms and Particles covers the chemistry of metal atoms and metallic molecules or fragments. This book contains 10 chapters that are organized on the basis of the Periodic Chart. Each group of elements is separated into a discussion of first the free atoms, followed by a discussion of reactive molecular forms of metal halides, oxides, and sulfides. These sections are further broken down into subsections on ""Occurrence, Properties, and Techniques"" followed by ""Chemistry"". The ""Chemistry"" sections are further divided into several headings, including abstraction, electron-transfer, oxidative addition, simple orbital mixing, substitution, disproportional and ligand transfer, and cluster formation processes. This book will be of value to chemistry researchers, teachers, and students.

  • 19th International Congress on Heterocyclic Chemistry

    Book of Abstracts
    • 1st Edition
    • Robert M. Williams
    • English
    This book presents the abstracts of the 19th International Congress of Heterocyclic Chemistry (19th ICHC) held in Fort Collins, Colorado, 10-15th August 2003 and provides the reader with a topical comprehensive reference source covering the latest developments in the heterocycles area. Each lecture from the 19th ICHC is presented as a one page abstract containing a textual summary of the lecture, including references, figures and contact details of the author(s).Papers are divided into the following sections: heterocyclic natural products, heterocycles in organic synthesis, bioactive heterocycles, heterocyclic materials &related topics, heterocyclic pharmaceuticals.

  • Chromatographic Systems

    Maintenance And Troubleshooting
    • 2nd Edition
    • John Q. Walker
    • English
    Chromatographic Systems: Maintenance and Troubleshooting, Second Edition provides a clear and concise guide for chromatographic maintenance. This book covers troubleshooting and repair procedures that can be utilized by both experienced and inexperienced chemists and technicians to reduce instrument down-time. This edition is divided into two parts. Part I focuses on liquid chromatography, which consists of an introductory chapter on principles, techniques, and utility, followed by specific chapters devoted to the individual systems comprising the total liquid chromatographic makeup. Gas chromatography is emphasized in Part II, introducing the basic theory and analyzing the systematic progression through possible malfunctions in various parts of the gas chromatograph. This publication is a good source for chromatographers, scientists, chemists, and technicians interested in the maintenance and troubleshooting of chromatographic systems.

  • Molecular Symmetry and Spectroscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • Philip Bunker
    • English
    Molecular Symmetry and Spectroscopy deals with the use of group theory in quantum mechanics in relation to problems in molecular spectroscopy. It discusses the use of the molecular symmetry group, whose elements consist of permutations of identical nuclei with or without inversion. After reviewing the permutation groups, inversion operation, point groups, and representation of groups, the book describes the use of representations for labeling molecular energy. The text explains an approximate time independent Schrödinger equation for a molecule, as well as the effect of a nuclear permutation or the inversion of E* on such equation. The book also examines the expression for the complete molecular Hamiltonian and the several groups of operations commuting with the Hamiltonian. The energy levels of the Hamiltonian can then be symmetrically labeled by the investigator using the irreducible representations of these groups. The text explains the two techniques to change coordinates in a Schrödinger equation, namely, (1) by using a diatomic molecule in the rovibronic Schrödinger equation, and (2) by a rigid nonlinear polyatomic molecule. The book also explains that using true symmetry, basis symmetry, near symmetry, and near quantum numbers, the investigator can label molecular energy levels. The text can benefit students of molecular spectroscopy, academicians, and investigators of molecular chemistry or quantum mechanics.

  • Analysis of Noble Metals

    Overview and Selected Methods
    • 1st Edition
    • F.E. Beamish
    • English
    Analysis of Noble Metals: Overview and Selected Methods describes simple techniques with useful sensitivity, accuracy, and precision for noble metal analysis. This book is composed of seven chapters that include the methods of atomic absorption, spectrochemical, spectrophotometric, gravimetric, volumetric, and potentiometric determinations of noble metals. Each chapter discusses the concept, principles, practice, and application of the specific analytical technique. A chapter examines several separation methods for noble metals, including cation exchange, mercury amalgam, reduction, silver assay beads, solvent extraction, and dissolution. This book will be of great value to analytical chemists, instrumental engineers, and researchers.

Related subjects