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    • Contributions to Universal Algebra

      • 1st Edition
      • May 15, 2014
      • B. Csákány + 1 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 1 0 9 3 6 7
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 1 0 3 0 2 0
      Contributions to Universal Algebra focuses on the study of algebra. The compilation first discusses the congruence lattice of pseudo-simple algebras; elementary properties of limit reduced powers with applications to Boolean powers; and congruent lattices of 2-valued algebras. The book further looks at duality for algebras; weak homomorphisms of stone algebras; varieties of modular lattices not generated by their finite dimensional members; and remarks on algebraic operations of stone algebras. The text describes polynomial normal forms and the embedding of polynomial algebras; coverings in the lattice of varieties; embedding semigroups in semigroups generated by idempotents; and endomorphism semigroups and subgroupoid lattices. The book also discusses a report on sublattices of a free lattice, and then presents the cycles in finite semi-distributive lattices; cycles in S-lattices; and summary of results. The text also describes primitive subsets of algebras, ideals, normal sets, and congruences, as well as Jacobson’s density theorem. The book is a good source for readers wanting to study algebra.

    • Matrix Calculus

      • 3rd Edition
      • May 12, 2014
      • E. Bodewig
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 5 5 3 9 2
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 7 4 9 8 0
      Matrix Calculus, Second Revised and Enlarged Edition focuses on systematic calculation with the building blocks of a matrix and rows and columns, shunning the use of individual elements. The publication first offers information on vectors, matrices, further applications, measures of the magnitude of a matrix, and forms. The text then examines eigenvalues and exact solutions, including the characteristic equation, eigenrows, extremum properties of the eigenvalues, bounds for the eigenvalues, elementary divisors, and bounds for the determinant. The text ponders on approximate solutions, as well as the decomposition of the matrix into two triangular matrices, choice of another pivotal element, Gauss-Doolittle process, Aitken's triple product, neighbor systems, errors and exactness of the solution, and complex systems. The publication also elaborates on the characteristic equation of the iteration processes, type of convergence of the iteration methods, speeding-up convergence by changing matrix, and methods for electronic computers. The determination of eigenvectors, pure methods, progressive algorithms, and deflation are also discussed. The manuscript is a helpful reference for researchers interested in matrix calculus.

    • Introduction to Modern Mathematics

      • 1st Edition
      • May 12, 2014
      • Helena Rasiowa
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 4 9 9 4 0
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 7 4 7 2 0
      Introduction to Modern Mathematics focuses on the operations, principles, and methodologies involved in modern mathematics. The monograph first tackles the algebra of sets, natural numbers, and functions. Discussions focus on groups of transformations, composition of functions, an axiomatic approach to natural numbers, intersection of sets, axioms of the algebra of sets, fields of sets, prepositional functions of one variable, and difference of sets. The text then takes a look at generalized unions and intersections of sets, Cartesian products of sets, and equivalence relations. The book ponders on powers of sets, ordered sets, and linearly ordered sets. Topics include isomorphism of linearly ordered sets, dense linear ordering, maximal and minimal elements, quasi-ordering relations, inequalities for cardinal numbers, sets of the power of the continuum, and Cantor's theorem. The manuscript then examines elementary concepts of abstract algebras, functional calculus and its applications in mathematical proofs, and propositional calculus and its applications in mathematical proofs. The publication is a valuable reference for mathematicians and researchers interested in modern mathematics.

    • Mathematical Logic and Formalized Theories

      • 2nd Edition
      • May 12, 2014
      • Robert L. Rogers
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 4 9 9 6 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 5 7 9 7 6
      Mathematical Logic and Formalized Theories: A Survey of Basic Concepts and Results focuses on basic concepts and results of mathematical logic and the study of formalized theories. The manuscript first elaborates on sentential logic and first-order predicate logic. Discussions focus on first-order predicate logic with identity and operation symbols, first-order predicate logic with identity, completeness theorems, elementary theories, deduction theorem, interpretations, truth, and validity, sentential connectives, and tautologies. The text then tackles second-order predicate logic, as well as second-order theories, theory of definition, and second-order predicate logic F2. The publication takes a look at natural and real numbers, incompleteness, and the axiomatic set theory. Topics include paradoxes, recursive functions and relations, Gödel's first incompleteness theorem, axiom of choice, metamathematics of R and elementary algebra, and metamathematics of N. The book is a valuable reference for mathematicians and researchers interested in mathematical logic and formalized theories.

    • Conceptual Information Processing

      • 1st Edition
      • May 12, 2014
      • Roger C. Schank
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 5 2 9 8 8
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 5 8 7 9 9
      Fundamental Studies in Computer Science, 3: Conceptual Information Processing discusses a theory of natural language and implementation of that theory on a computer, focusing basically on an Artificial Intelligence approach to linguistics. This book aims to write computer programs that could understand and generate sentences, which is intended as a first step towards the long range goal of a computer that can communicate with people in natural language. The topics covered include computational linguistics, conceptual dependency theory, history of the analyzer, representation in memory, and structure of BABEL. This publication is a good reference for researchers and specialists working in the field of computer science.

    • Modern Dimension Theory

      • 1st Edition
      • May 12, 2014
      • Jun-Iti Nagata
      • N. G. De Bruijn + 2 more
      • English
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 7 5 0 2 4
      Bibliotheca Mathematica, Volume 6: Modern Dimension Theory provides a brief account of dimension theory as it has been developed since 1941, including the principal results of the classical theory for separable metric spaces. This book discusses the decomposition theorem, Baire's zero-dimensional spaces, dimension of separable metric spaces, and characterization of dimension by a sequence of coverings. The imbedding of countable-dimensiona... spaces, sum theorem for strong inductive dimension, and cohomology group of a topological space are also elaborated. This text likewise covers the uniformly zero-dimensional mappings, theorems in euclidean space, transfinite inductive dimension, and dimension of non-metrizable spaces. This volume is recommended to students and specialists researching on dimension theory.

    • The Office of the Future

      • 1st Edition
      • May 12, 2014
      • Ronald P. Uhlig + 2 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 4 9 6 7 4
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 5 7 7 2 3
      Monograph Series of the International Council for Computer Communications, Volume 1: The Office of the Future: Communication and Computers focuses on the advancements in the processes, technologies, techniques, principles, and approaches involved in communication and computers, including computer based tools, data gathering and information retrieval, and office automation. The publication first elaborates on the automated office of the future, tools to support the communication activity, and text editing tools for generating, organizing, analyzing, and transforming information. Discussions focus on generating, organizing, and analyzing information, basic message system concepts, impact of computer networks, and other processes in the office. The text then examines the integration of computer based tools, data gathering and information retrieval tools, coordination tools in the office of the future, and tools to support office processes. The manuscript ponders on the integration of the spoken word with interactive computer based office support systems, underlying technology, digital channel, and software aspects of the office environment utilizing the micro-processor. Topics include single board computer, advances in digital computer communications technology, future directions for digital networks, bandwidth availability, and storage and retrieval of voice information. The book is a dependable source of data for computer science experts and researchers interested in the relationship of communication and computers.

    • Illegal Transactions in International Trade

      • 1st Edition
      • May 12, 2014
      • Jagdish N. Bhagwati
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 4 9 3 0 8
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 7 4 8 0 5
      Studies in International Economics, Volume 1: Illegal Transactions in International Trade: Theory and Measurement embraces the theoretical, empirical, and econometric aspects of international economic analysis. The selection first elaborates on a theoretical analysis of smuggling, an alternative proof of the Bhagwati-Hansen results on smuggling and welfare, and smuggling and trade policy. Discussions focus on optimal tariff and revenue questions, legal trade eliminated by smuggling, legal trade co-existing with smuggling, overinvoicing and underinvoicing of transactions, and smuggling and welfare. The text then examines overinvoicing, underutilization, and distorted industrial growth, fiscal policies, faking of foreign trade declarations, and the balance of payments, and accuracy of economic observations. Topics include statistics of foreign commodity trade, trade tariffs and subsidies, effect on capital complexity, industrial employment and output growth, implications for industrial development, effective exchange rate for capital imports, and foreign-exchange profits of overinvoicing. The manuscript ponders on tariffs and smuggling in Indonesia and the problems of assessing unrecorded trade, including complications in comparing partners' trade accounts, measuring recorded values of all products, market impact of smuggling, and methods for detecting smuggling. The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers interested in international trade.

    • International Relations and Legal Cooperation in General Diplomacy and Consular Relations

      • 1st Edition
      • May 12, 2014
      • Sam Stuart
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 4 9 7 5 9
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 5 6 9 9 3
      Encyclopedia of Public International Law, 9: International Relations and Legal Cooperation in General, Diplomacy, and Consular Relations focuses on international relations and legal cooperation in general, including diplomacy and consular relations. The publication first offers information on the international aspects of administrative law, the Asian-African Legal Consultative Committee, Atlantic Charter (1941), Bandung Conference (1955), and the international regulation on broadcasting. The text also examines the international protection of children, coded communications, international conferences and congresses, consular jurisdiction, treaties, and relations, and international criminal law. Discussions focus on bilateral consular agreements, establishment of consular relations, privileges and immunities, legal situation, historical evolution of legal rules, and protection for children in special situations. The manuscript ponders on wildlife protection, international regulation on the use of water, waste disposal, unjust enrichment, transfrontier pollution, tourism, terrorism, and international regulation on telecommunications. Topics include principles governing international telecommunication, space telecommunications, special legal problem on terrorism, touristic relations between states, historical evolution of transfrontier pollution, international consequences of water use, and global, regional, and bilateral treatises on wildlife protection. The publication is a vital source of data for researchers interested in international relations and legal cooperation in general, as well as diplomacy and consular relations.

    • Axiomatic Projective Geometry

      • 2nd Edition
      • May 12, 2014
      • A. Heyting
      • N. G. De Bruijn + 2 more
      • English
      • Paperback
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 4 9 6 8 1
      • eBook
        9 7 8 1 4 8 3 2 5 9 3 1 4
      Bibliotheca Mathematica: A Series of Monographs on Pure and Applied Mathematics, Volume V: Axiomatic Projective Geometry, Second Edition focuses on the principles, operations, and theorems in axiomatic projective geometry, including set theory, incidence propositions, collineations, axioms, and coordinates. The publication first elaborates on the axiomatic method, notions from set theory and algebra, analytic projective geometry, and incidence propositions and coordinates in the plane. Discussions focus on ternary fields attached to a given projective plane, homogeneous coordinates, ternary field and axiom system, projectivities between lines, Desargues' proposition, and collineations. The book takes a look at incidence propositions and coordinates in space. Topics include coordinates of a point, equation of a plane, geometry over a given division ring, trivial axioms and propositions, sixteen points proposition, and homogeneous coordinates. The text examines the fundamental proposition of projective geometry and order, including cyclic order of the projective line, order and coordinates, geometry over an ordered ternary field, cyclically ordered sets, and fundamental proposition. The manuscript is a valuable source of data for mathematicians and researchers interested in axiomatic projective geometry.

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