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Elsevier Science

Science and Technology of Ceramic Fuel Cells
1st Edition
N.Q. Minh + 1 more
English
Ceramic fuel cells, commonly known as solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), have been under development for a broad range of electric power generation applications. The most attractive feature of the SOFC is its clean and efficient production of electricity from a variety of fuels. The SOFC has the potential to be manufactured and operated cost-effectively. The widening interest in this technology, thus, arises from the continuing need to develop cleaner and more efficient means of converting energy sources into useful forms.This topical book provides a comprehensive treatise on solid oxide fuel cells and succeeds successfully in filling the gap in the market for a reference book in this field. Directed towards scientists, engineers, and technical managers working with SOFCs as well as ceramic devices based on conducting materials, and in related fields, the book will also be invaluable as a textbook for science and engineering courses.
Studies in Natural Products Chemistry
Stereoselective Synthesis (Part J)
1st Edition
Volume 16
Atta-ur Rahman
English
Side Effects of Drugs Annual
A Worldwide Yearly Survey of New Data and Trends
1st Edition
Volume 18
English
Under the supervision of the series editors, an international team of expert authors have gathered together the latest information on adverse drug effects from the international literature. In addition to describing new reports of adverse drug effects, the authors have subjected those reports to critical analysis, setting them into context in terms of clinical relevance and importance, and cross-referring to previous reports where necessary. New adverse effects are reported and evaluated and previously reported adverse effects are re-evaluated in the light of the most recent information. A special feature is the reviews, in which selected adverse effects are discussed in depth. The use of the book is enhanced by three separate indexes, allowing the reader to enter the text by drug name, adverse effect name, or drug interaction.
Gene Expression in the Central Nervous System
1st Edition
Volume 105
A.C.H. Yu + 5 more
English
Gene expression is an active ongoing process that maintains a functional CNS, as proteins are being made on a continual basis. Processes such as learning and memory, nerve cell repair and regeneration and its response to stress are critically dependent on gene expression. This volume highlights the role of gene expression in normal CNS function, and presents many research methods at the cutting edge of neuroscience, which will provide insight into therapeutic approaches through which the control of gene expression may be used in the treatment of many nervous system diseases.
Casing Design - Theory and Practice
1st Edition
Volume 42
S.S. Rahman + 1 more
English
Casing design has followed an evolutionary trend and most improvements have been made due to the advancement of technology. Contributions to the technology in casing design have come from fundamental research and field tests, which have made casing safe and economical. This book gathers together much available information in the subject area and shows how it may be used in deciding the best procedure for casing design i.e. optimizing casing design for deriving maximum profit from a particular well. The problems and their solutions, which are provided in each chapter, and the computer program (3.5 in. disk) are intended to serve two purposes:- firstly, as illustrations for students and practicing engineers to understand the subject matter, and secondly, to enable them to optimize casing design for a wide range of wells to be drilled in the future.
Adaption of Simulated Annealing to Chemical Optimization Problems
1st Edition
Volume 15
J.H. Kalivas
English
Optimization problems occurring regularly in chemistry, vary from selecting the best wavelength design for optimal spectroscopic concentration predictions to geometry optimization of atomic clusters and protein folding. Numerous optimization tactics have been explored to solve these problems. While most optimizers maintain the ability to locate global optima for simple problems, few are robust against local optima convergence with regard to difficult or large scale optimization problems. Simulated annealing (SA) has shown a great tolerance to local optima convergence and is often called a global optimizer. The optimizaton algorithm has found wide use in numerous areas such as engineering, computer science, communication, image recognition, operation research, physics, and biology. Recently, SA and variations thereof have shown considerable success in solving numerous chemical optimization problems. The main thrust of this book is to demonstrate the use of SA in a wide range of chemical problems.The potentiality of SA, GSA and other modifications of SA to serve specific needs in a variety of chemical disciplines are covered. A detailed discussion on SA and GSA is given in Chapter 1, presenting the theoretical framework from which a computer program can be written by the reader. The remainder of the book describes applications of SA type algorithms to a diverse set of chemical problems. The final chapter contains an algorithm for GSA written in the MatLab programming environment. This program can be easily adapted to any optimization problem and with only slight modifications, can be altered to perform SA. A general flowchart is also given.
Studies in Natural Products Chemistry
Structure and Chemistry (Part D)
1st Edition
Volume 17
Atta-ur Rahman
English
Rapid advances in chromatographic procedures, spectroscopic techniques and pharmacological assay methods have resulted in the discovery of an increasing number of new and interesting natural products from terrestrial and marine sources. The present volume contains comprehensive reviews on some of the major advances in this field which have taken place in recent years. The reviews include those on: novel metabolites from marine gastropods; the chemistry of marine natural products of the Halenaquinol family; secondary metabolites from Echinoderms and Bryozoans; triterpenoids and aromatic compounds from medicinal plants; chemistry and activity of sesquiterpenes from the genus Lactarius; the chemistry of bile alcohols; antifungal sesquiterpene dialdehydes; annonaceous acetogenins; nargenicin macrolides; and lignans and diarylheptanoids. Tropane alkaloids and phenolides formed by root cultures are also reviewed. Articles on natural Diels-Alder type adducts, the use of computer aided overlay for modelling the substrate binding domain of HLADH, applications of 170 NMR spectroscopy to natural product chemistry and the role of biological raw materials in synthesis are included. Volume 17 provides material of interest to natural products chemists.
Global Optimization Methods in Geophysical Inversion
1st Edition
Volume 4
M.K. Sen + 1 more
English
One of the major goals of geophysical inversion is to find earth models that explain the geophysical observations. Thus the branch of mathematics known as optimization has found significant use in many geophysical applications.Both local and global optimization methods are used in the estimation of material properties from geophysical data. As the title of the book suggests, the aim of this book is to describe the application of several recently developed global optimization methods to geophysical problems. • The well known linear and gradient based optimization methods have been summarized in order to explain their advantages and limitations• The theory of simulated annealing and genetic algorithms have been described in sufficient detail for the readers to understand the underlying fundamental principles upon which these algorithms are based• The algorithms have been described using simple flow charts (the algorithms are general and can be applied to a wide variety of problemsStudents, researchers and practitioners will be able to design practical algorithms to solve their specific geophysical inversion problems. The book is virtually self-contained so that there are no prerequisites, except for a fundamental mathematical background that includes a basic understanding of linear algebra and calculus.
Subband Compression of Images: Principles and Examples
1st Edition
Volume 6
T.A. Ramstad + 2 more
English
Sixth in the book series, Advances in Image Communication, which documents the rapid advancements of recent years in image communication technologies, this volume provides a comprehensive exploration of subband coding.Originally, subband coding and transform coding were developed separately. The former, however, benefitted considerably from the earlier evolution of transform coding theory and practice. Retaining their own terminology and views, the two methods are closely related and this book indeed aims to unify the approaches. Specifically, the volume contributes effectively to the understanding of frequency domain coding techniques. Many images from coding experiments are presented, enabling the reader to consider the properties of different coders.Chapter 1 introduces the problem of image compression in general terms. Sampling of images and other fundamental concepts, such as entropy and the rate distortion function, are briefly reviewed. The idea of viewing coding techniques as series expansions is also introduced. The second chapter presents signal decomposition and the conditions for perfect reconstruction from minimum representations. Chapter 3 deals with filter bank structures, primarily those displaying the perfect reconstruction property. Quantization techniques and the efficient exploitation of the bit resources are discussed from a theoretical perspective in Chapter 4 and this issue is further examined in Chapter 6, from a more practical point of view. Chapter 5 provides a development of gain formulas, i.e. quantitative measures of the performance of filter banks in a subband coding context, and these are then employed in a search for optimal filter banks. A number of examples of coded images using different subband coders are presented in Chapter 7, these indicating that subband coders give rise to some characteristic types of image degradations. Accordingly, Chapter 8 presents several techniques for minimizing these artifacts. The theory and practice of subband coding of video, at several target bit rates, is discussed in the last chapter.
Symbiosis of Human and Artifact
Volume A: Future Computing and Design for Human-Computer Interaction. Volume B: Human and Social Aspects of Human-Computer Interaction
1st Edition
Volume 20A
Y. Anzai + 2 more
English
Presented here are papers selected from those submitted to the Sixth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI International '95) held in Tokyo, July 1995. A total of 1,298 individuals from 36 countries submitted their work for presentation at this first major international meeting on human-computer interaction held in Asia. Volume A covers the latest advances in the research of future computing and system design, as well as their relevant application, in the wide field of human-computer interaction.Volume B contains selected papers in the areas of ergonomics, and social aspects of computer systems.

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