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Elsevier

Books in Physics

Physics titles offer comprehensive research and advancements across the fundamental and applied areas of physical science. From quantum mechanics and particle physics to astrophysics and materials science, these titles drive innovation and deepen understanding of the principles governing the universe. Essential for researchers, educators, and students, this collection supports scientific progress and practical applications across a diverse range of physics disciplines.

  • Magnetic Information Storage Technology

    A Volume in the ELECTROMAGNETISM Series
    • 1st Edition
    • Shan X. Wang + 1 more
    • English
    This text explains how hard disk drives operate, how billions of bytes of digital information are stored and accessed, and where the technology is going. In particular, the book emphasizes the most fundamental principles of magnetic information storage, including in-depth knowledge of both magnetics and signal processing methods. Magnetic Information Storage Technology contains many graphic illustrations and an introduction of alternative storage technologies, such as optic disk recording, holographic recording, semiconductor flash memory, and magnetic random access memory.

  • Thin Film Materials for Large Area Electronics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 80
    • B. Equer + 3 more
    • English
    The symposium brought together more than a hundred attendees from many countries including a significant participation from Japan and other East-Asia countries. Many of the trends observed in the 1st Symposium held in 1996 were confirmed: displays are indeed the main application in LAE (photovoltaics were not included in the topics of this symposium) and active matrix display (AMLCD) is still the leading technology. Future AMLCDs integrating the display drivers onto the same substrate require much faster thin-film transistors (TFTs) than those used for LCD addressing, therefore putting a strong demand on polysilicon performances. As a consequence the quest for an improved low temperature, large area (and low cost) polysilicon process is intensive and the competitors, including direct plasma deposition and excimer laser crystallization of amorphous layers, are reporting significant steps forward. With the tremendous demand for efficient colour flat panel displays, other display technologies are gaining interest. Field emission display (FED) is one of them. FEDs based on amorphous tetrahedral carbon thin-films are stimulating intensive studies on the optoelectronic properties of this complex material.Large area pixellized sensors for x-ray radiography and document scanning is another field of application in LAE which has recently reached initial production. Using a TFT or diode pixel addressing similar to AMLCD, this kind of device benefits from most of the AMLCD technology. However these devices present an increased complexity and stringent specifications on noise which in turn means materials with improved electronic transport properties. Finally, LAE is a fast developing area in thin-film research and technology. Initially an all-silicon domain, it now involves a large range of thin-film semiconductors and dielectrics, whose properties need to be fully understood and for which flexible and efficient processes have still to be developed.

  • Rapid Thermal Processing

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 84
    • A. Slaoui + 3 more
    • English
    Rapid Thermal Processing (RTP) is a well established single-wafer technology in USLI semiconductor manufacturing and electrical engineering, as well as in materials science. The biggest advantage of RTP is that it eliminates the long-ramp-up and ramp-down times associated with furnaces, enabling a significant reduction in the thermal budget. Today, RTP is in production use for source/drain implant annealing, contact alloying, formation of refractory nitrides and silicides and thin gate dielectric (oxide) formation. The aim of Symposium I was to provide an overview of the latest information on research and development in the different topics cited above. The potential applications of RTP in new areas like large area devices such as flat planel displays and solar cells has to be investigated. About 30 papers were presented in this symposium. The contributions of most interest involved modelling and control, junctions formation and thermal oxidation, deposition and recrystallisation and silicide formations. However, the range of topics and the intent to focus on underlying, fundamental issues like dopant diffusion in silicon from solid sources, strain relaxation and photonic effects, nucleation as well as applications to magnetic films and solar cells devices.

  • Complementarity Beyond Physics (1928-1962)

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 10
    • D. Favrholdt
    • English
    This volume is divided into five parts. The title of the volume refers primarily to part I, which is by far the largest and comprises papers discussing the fundamental questions of biology and related psychological and philosophical problems. Following the reproduction of papers brought to publication by Bohr, there is a separate Appendix to Part I including some of Bohr's most interesting and substantive unpublished contributions in this area. The papers in Part I span the last thirty years of Bohr's life and display his great interest in biological problems and his unremitting efforts to show that biology cannot be reduced to physics and chemistry. Part II contains articles of a more general cultural interest. Some of these show that Bohr regarded the complementary perspective to be of value also outside the scientific sphere. Part III contains the articles Bohr wrote about the great Danish philosopher Harald Høffding. These short papers are presented in a section on their own because of the continuing discussion in the history of science about Høffding's possible influence on Bohr's work in physics and his whole scientific approach. Part IV comprises articles illuminating the history of 20th century physics. Bohr had great veneration for his predecessors and teachers, and he prepared these articles with great care. Part V contains correspondence relating to the material in Parts I through IV. As in previous volumes an inventory of relevant unpublished manuscripts held at the Niels Bohr Archive constitutes an appendix to the whole volume.

  • Fundamental and Applied Aspects of Chemically Modified Surfaces

    • 1st Edition
    • J P Blitz + 1 more
    • English
    The field of chemically modified particle surfaces has seen many significant developments. This text covers analytical and synthetic techniques for the development and understanding of these surfaces. Encompassing subjects including self-assembled monolayers, scanning probe microscopies, combinatorial synthetic techniques, plasma polymerizations and molecular modelling of modified surfaces, the book provides a snap-shot of concepts and tools.

  • Semiconductor Lasers II

    Materials and Structures
    • 1st Edition
    • Eli Kapon
    • English
    This volume presents state-of-the-art information on several important material systems and device structures employed in modern semiconductor lasers. The first two chapters discuss several III-V, II-VI, and VI-VI compound semiconductor material systems employed in diode lasers whose emission spectra cover the range from the blue to the mid-infrared. Subsequent chapters describe the elaboration of special laser structures designed for achieving narrow spectral linewidths and wavelength tunability, as well as high power emission devices. The last chapter covers the development of surface emitting diode lasers, particularly vertical cavity structures. In all five chapters, the underlying device physics as well as the state-of-the-art and future trends are discussed. This book introduces the non-expert to the design and fabrication issues involved in the development of these important laser devices. In addition, it reviews the current status of the different material systems and cavity configurations for the benefit of readers engaged in research in this field. Useful background material related to the fundamentals of lasing in semiconductors can be found in the companion volume, Semiconductor Lasers I: Fundamentals.

  • Micromechanics: Overall Properties of Heterogeneous Materials

    • 2nd Edition
    • S. Nemat-Nasser + 1 more
    • English
    In this second edition several new topics of technological interest have been added. These include: coupled mechanical and nonmechanical overall properties of heterogeneous piezoelectric materials, new upper and lower bounds for these coupled properties, a systematic comparison between the average-field theory and the results obtained using multi-scale perturbation theory, an account of the uniform-field theory, improveable bounds on overall moduli of heterogeneous materials which remain finite even when isolated cavities and rigid inclusions are present, and a brief account of a fundamental duality principle in anisotropic elasticity. In addition, better explanations of a number of topics are given, more recent references are added, the Subject Index has been expanded and printing and typographical errors have been corrected.The material is organized into two parts preceded by a précis. Part 1 consists of four chapters which are organized into fourteen sections and four appendixes. It deals with materials with microdefects such as cavities, cracks, and inclusions, as well as with elastic composites. Part 2 consists of two chapters which are divided into seven sections. It provides an introduction to the theory of linear elasticity, added to make the book self-contained, since linear elasticity serves as the basis of the development of small-deformation micromechanics.Part 2 mainly contains part of the lecture notes on elasticity which the first author wrote in the late 1960's. The material is mostly standard, given for background information.

  • Materials Science and Engineering Serving Society

    • 1st Edition
    • R.P.H. Chang + 3 more
    • English
    This symposium was organised with the aim of encouraging collaboration in international science and engineering communities for the benefit of human kind. It consisted of invited talks by experts on materials and poster presentation papers. Approximately 140 scientists participated and the resulting proceedings present an up-to-date review of the research in this area.

  • From Cell to Brain

    The Cytoskeleton - Intra- and Inter-Cellular Communication - The Central Nervous System
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 65
    • G. Zaccai + 2 more
    • English
    The first section of this volume corresponds to courses on the cytoskeleton, its various structures and its dynamics, especially during the cell cycle. The reductionist approach is favoured in this field and considerable effort is spent on finding out how these structures are built up from their component molecules, how they grow or decrease in size, how they interact with each other and with other cell components. The second section describes the endo membrane system of a eukaryotic cell and the regulated protein traffic that flows through it. Part III deals with the onset of higher levels of organization. Topics covered include the development of the central nervous system, the role of time in biology and theoretical models to describe biochemical and cellular oscillations. The volume concludes with a reflection on physics and biology and the author shares some of his thoughts on the different ways in which physicists and biologists tackle problems in their respective fields.

  • Nonlinear Optics in Semiconductors II

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 59
    • English
    Since its inception in 1966, the series of numbered volumes known as Semiconductors and Semimetals has distinguished itself through the careful selection of well-known authors, editors, and contributors. The "Willardson and Beer" Series, as it is widely known, has succeeded in publishing numerous landmark volumes and chapters. Not only did many of these volumes make an impact at the time of their publication, but they continue to be well-cited years after their original release. Recently, Professor Eicke R. Weber of the University of California at Berkeley joined as a co-editor of the series. Professor Weber, a well-known expert in the field of semiconductor materials, will further contribute to continuing the series' tradition of publishing timely, highly relevant, and long-impacting volumes. Some of the recent volumes, such as Hydrogen in Semiconductors, Imperfections in III/V Materials, Epitaxial Microstructures, High-Speed Heterostructure Devices, Oxygen in Silicon, and others promise that this tradition will be maintained and even expanded.Reflecting the truly interdisciplinary nature of the field that the series covers, the volumes in Semiconductors and Semimetals have been and will continue to be of great interest to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and device engineers in modern industry.

  • Biomedical Electron Microscopy

    Illustrated Methods and Interpretations
    • 1st Edition
    • Arvid B. Maunsbach + 1 more
    • English
    This comprehensive reference illustrates optimal preparation methods in biological electron microscopy compared with common methodological problems. Not only will the basic methodologies of transmission electron microscopy like fixation, microtomy, and microscopy be presented, but the authors also endeavor to illustrate more specialized techniques such as negative staining, autoradiography, cytochemistry, immunoelectron microscopy, and computer-assisted image analysis.

  • Advances in Applied Mechanics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 36
    • English
    This highly acclaimed series provides survey articles on the present state and future direction of research in important branches of applied mechanics.

  • Cumulative Author Index and Tables of Contents Volumes1-32

    Author Cumulative Index
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 33
    • Marc De Graef + 1 more
    • English
    This thirty-third volume of the Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences series provides a subject and author cumulative index for all previous volumes for easy reference.

  • PVD for Microelectronics: Sputter Desposition to Semiconductor Manufacturing

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 26
    • English
    Physics of Thin Films is one of the longest running continuing series in thin film science, consisting of 25 volumes since 1963. The series contains quality studies of the properties of various thin films materials and systems.In order to be able to reflect the development of today's science and to cover all modern aspects of thin films, the series, starting with Volume 20, has moved beyond the basic physics of thin films. It now addresses the most important aspects of both inorganic and organic thin films, in both their theoretical as well as technological aspects. Therefore, in order to reflect the modern technology-oriented problems, the title has been slightly modified from Physics of Thin Films to Thin Films.This volume, part of the Thin Films Series, has been wholly written by two authors instead of showcasing several edited manuscripts.

  • Nonlinear Optics in Semiconductors I

    Nonlinear Optics in Semiconductor Physics I
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 58
    • English
    Since its inception in 1966, the series of numbered volumes known as Semiconductors and Semimetals has distinguished itself through the careful selection of well-known authors, editors, and contributors. The "Willardson and Beer" Series, as it is widely known, has succeeded in publishing numerous landmark volumes and chapters. Not only did many of these volumes make an impact at the time of their publication, but they continue to be well-cited years after their original release. Recently, Professor Eicke R. Weber of the University of California at Berkeley joined as a co-editor of the series. Professor Weber, a well-known expert in the field of semiconductor materials, will further contribute to continuing the series' tradition of publishing timely, highly relevant, and long-impacting volumes. Some of the recent volumes, such as Hydrogen in Semiconductors, Imperfections in III/V Materials, Epitaxial Microstructures, High-Speed Heterostructure Devices, Oxygen in Silicon, and others promise that this tradition will be maintained and even expanded.Reflecting the truly interdisciplinary nature of the field that the series covers, the volumes in Semiconductors and Semimetals have been and will continue to be of great interest to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and device engineers in modern industry.

  • Gallium-Nitride (GaN) II

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 57
    • English
    Since its inception in 1966, the series of numbered volumes known as Semiconductors and Semimetals has distinguished itself through the careful selection of well-known authors, editors, and contributors. The "Willardson and Beer" Series, as it is widely known, has succeeded in publishing numerous landmark volumes and chapters. Not only did many of these volumes make an impact at the time of their publication, but they continue to be well-cited years after their original release. Recently, Professor Eicke R. Weber of the University of California at Berkeley joined as a co-editor of the series. Professor Weber, a well-known expert in the field of semiconductor materials, will further contribute to continuing the series' tradition of publishing timely, highly relevant, and long-impacting volumes. Some of the recent volumes, such as Hydrogen in Semiconductors, Imperfections in III/V Materials, Epitaxial Microstructures, High-Speed Heterostructure Devices, Oxygen in Silicon, and others promise indeed that this tradition will be maintained and even expanded.Reflecting the truly interdisciplinary nature of the field that the series covers, the volumes in Semiconductors and Semimetals have been and will continue to be of great interest to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and device engineers in modern industry.

  • Cumulative Subject and Author Index, Including Tables of Contents Volumes 1-23

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 25
    • English
    This twenty-fourth volume of the long-running Physical Acoustics series provides a subject and author cumulative index and tables of contents for all previous volumes for easy reference.

  • Reference for Modern Instrumentation, Techniques, and Technology: Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices II

    Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices II
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 24
    • English
    While research on ultrasonics has been covered in earlier volumes of the Physical Acoustics series, Volumes 23 and 24 demonstrate the successful commercialization of devices and instruments arising from research in this area. These volumes will assist in the process of bringing research output into the marketplace to the benefit of customers.The chapters are liberally illustrated with pictures of actual commercial objects which have been or are in use. Included are Medical Ultrasonic Diagnostics, Nondestructive Testing (NDT), Acoustic Emission, Process Control, Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Devices, Frequency Control Devices, Research Instruments, Transducers, and Ultrasonic Microscopes. Also contained in the text are six essays covering technology transfer and commercialization.

  • Reference for Modern Instrumentation, Techniques, and Technology: Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices I

    Ultrasonic Instruments and Devices I
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 23
    • English
    While research on ultrasonics has been covered in earlier volumes of the Physical Acoustics series, Volumes 23 and 24 demonstrate the successful commercialization of devices and instruments arising from research in this area. These volumes will assist in the process of bringing research output into the marketplace to the benefit of customers.The chapters are liberally illustrated with pictures of actual commercial objects which have been or are in use. Included are Medical Ultrasonic Diagnostics, Nondestructive Testing (NDT), Acoustic Emission, Process Control, Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Devices, Frequency Control Devices, Research Instruments, Transducers, and Ultrasonic Microscopes. Also contained in the text are six essays covering technology transfer and commercialization.

  • Trends in Nuclear Physics, 100 Years Later

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 66
    • H. Nifenecker + 4 more
    • English
    In the first years after the discovery of radioactivity it became clear that nuclear physics was, by excellence, the science of small quantum systems. Between the fifties and the eighties nuclear physics and elementary particles physics lived their own lives, without much interaction. During this period the basic concepts were defined. Recently, contrary to the specialization law often observed in science, the overlap between nuclear and elementary particle physics has become somewhat blurred.This Les Houches Summer School was set up with the aim of fighting off the excessive specialization evident in many international meetings, and return to the roots. The twofold challenge of setting up a fruitful exchange between experimentalists and theorists in the first place, and between nuclear and hadronic matter physicists in the second place was successfully met.The volume presents high quality, up-to-date reviews starting with an account of the birth and first developments of nuclear physics. Further chapters discuss the description of the nuclear structure, the physics of nuclei at very high spin, the existence of super-heavy nuclei as a consequence of shell structure, liquid-gas transition, including both a description and a review of the experimental situation.Other topics dealt with include the interactions between moderately relativistic heavy ions, the concept of a nucleon dressed by a cloud of pions, the presence of pions in the nucleus, the subnucleonic phenomena in nuclei and quark-gluons deconfinement transition, both theoretical and experimental aspects. Nuclear physics continues to influence many other fields, such as astrophysics, and is also inspired by these same fields. This cross-fertilisation is illustrated by the treatment of neutron stars in one of the final chapters. The last chapter provides an overview of a recent development in which particle and nuclear physicists have cooperated to revitalize an alternative method for nuclear energy production associating high energy production accelerators and sub-critical neutron multiplying assemblies.

  • Electrochemistry at Metal and Semiconductor Electrodes

    • 1st Edition
    • Norio Sato
    • English
    Electrochemisty at Metal and Semiconductor Electrodes covers the structure of the electrical double layer and charge transfer reactions across the electrode/electrolyt... interface. The purpose of the book is to integrate modern electrochemistry and semiconductor physics, thereby, providing a quantitative basis for understanding electrochemistry at metal and semiconductor electrodes.Electrons and ions are the principal particles which play the main role in electrochemistry. This text, therefore, emphasizes the energy level concepts of electrons and ions rather than the phenomenological thermodynamic and kinetic concepts on which most of the classical electrochemistry texts are based. This rationalization of the phenomenological concepts in terms of the physics of semiconductors should enable readers to develop more atomistic and quantitative insights into processes that occur at electrodes.The book incorporates many traditional disciplines of science and engineering such as interfacial chemistry, biochemistry, enzyme chemistry, membrane chemistry, metallurgy, modification of solid interfaces, and materials' corrosion. The text is intended to serve as an introduction for the study of advanced electrochemistry at electrodes and is aimed towards graduates and senior undergraduates studying materials and interfacial chemistry or those beginning research work in the field of electrochemistry.

  • Quantum Systems in Chemistry and Physics, Part II

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 32
    • Per-Olov Lowdin
    • English
    The description of quantum systems is fundamental to an understanding of many problems in chemistry and physics. This volume records a representative slection of the papers delivered at the second European Workshop on Quantum Systems in Chemistry and Physics which was held at Jesus College, Oxford, April 6-9, 1997. The purpose of this international Workshop was to bring together chemists and physicists with a common interest--the quantum mechanical many-body problem--and to encourage collaboration and exchange of ideas on the fundamentals by promoting innovative theory and conceptual development rather than improvements in computatorial techniques and routine applications.

  • Developments in Marine Corrosion

    • 1st Edition
    • S A Campbell + 2 more
    • English
    The diversity of subjects involved in marine corrosion and fouling processes are evident in the approaches and techniques described in this book. An improvized understanding of biologically influenced corrosion and fouling processes is essential to the development of better corrosion protection systems, and this book shows new perspectives in our appreciation of these subjects. Equally, powerful microscope imaging, surface spectroscopy and electrochemical techniques have become available and are providing new information on metal surfaces experiencing fouling or microbial corrosion. Examples include confocal laser microscopy, scanning probe microscopy, Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electrochemical microscopy and scanning (or vibrating) reference electrode techniques. Advances in knowledge of biocorrosion processes have enabled improvements in corrosion monitoring and protection strategies. Examples include metal or polymer coatings and the use of corrosion inhibitors and biocides. This book aims to provide a contribution to existing literature on biocorrosion in the marine environment.

  • Acoustics

    Basic Physics, Theory, and Methods
    • 1st Edition
    • Paul Filippi + 3 more
    • English
    The book is devoted to the very basis of acoustics and vibro-acoustics. The physics of the phenomena, the analytical methods and the modern numerical techniques are presented in a concise form. Many examples illustrate the fundamental problems and predictions (analytic or numerical) and are often compared to experiments. Some emphasis is put on the mathematical tools required by rigorous theory and reliable prediction methods.

  • Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy II

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 32
    • Thomas Lucatorto + 1 more
    • English
    This volume is for practitioners, experimentalists, and graduate students in applied physics, particularly in the fields of atomic and molecular physics, who work with vacuum ultraviolet applications and are in need of choosing the best type of modern instrumentation. It provides first-hand knowledge of the state-of-the-art equipment sources and gives technical information on how to use it, along with a broad reference bibliography.

  • Quantitative Functional Brain Imaging with Positron Emission Tomography

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard E. Carson + 2 more
    • English
    This book presents the latest scientific developments in the field of positron emission tomography (PET) dealing with data acquisition, image processing, applications, statistical analysis, tracer development, parameter estimation, and kinetic modeling. It covers improved methodology and the application of existing techniques to new areas. The text also describes new approaches in scanner design and image processing, and the latest techniques for modeling and statistical analyses. This volume will be a useful reference for the active brain PET scientist, as well as a valuable introduction for students and researchers who wish to take advantage of the capabilities of PET to study the normal and diseased brain.

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 41
    • English
    This series, established in 1965, is concerned with recent developments in the general area of atomic, molecular, and optical physics. The field is in a state of rapid growth, as new experimental and theoretical techniques are used on many old and new problems. Topics covered also include related applied areas, such as atmospheric science, astrophysics, surface physics, and laser physics.Articles are written by distinguished experts who are active in their research fields. The articles contain both relevant review material as well as detailed descriptions of important recent developments.

  • Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 40
    • English
    This series, established in 1965, is concerned with recent developments in the general area of atomic, molecular, and optical physics. The field is in a state of rapid growth, as new experimental and theoretical techniques are used on many old and new problems. Topics covered also include related applied areas, such as atmospheric science, astrophysics, surface physics, and laser physics.Articles are written by distinguished experts who are active in their research fields. The articles contain both relevant review material as well as detailed descriptions of important recent developments.

  • Advances In Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics

    Subject and Author Cumulative Index Volumes 1-38
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 39
    • English
    This volume contains the index for volumes 1-38 in the Advances in Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics series.

  • Free Electron Lasers 1997

    • 1st Edition
    • J. Xie + 1 more
    • English
    This volume contains Part II of the proceedings of the conference on Free Electron Lasers, held in Beijing, August 1997. Part I appears in a special issue of Nuclear Instruments and Methods A.The last 20 years has seen different stages of FEL development. In these proceedings the reader will find descriptions of many new facilities, new experimental results, new applications, new theoretical developments and new simulation results. Attention is also focussed on the recent progress in experimental observations SASE. The contributions are from 150 scientists from 13 countries, ensuring broad, up-to-date research results from a dynamic field.

  • High Pressure Semiconductor Physics I

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 54
    • English
    Since its inception in 1966, the series of numbered volumes known as Semiconductors and Semimetals has distinguished itself through the careful selection of well-known authors, editors, and contributors. The "Willardson and Beer" Series, as it is widely known, has succeeded in publishing numerous landmark volumes and chapters. Not only did many of these volumes make an impact at the time of their publication, but they continue to be well-cited years after their original release. Recently, Professor Eicke R. Weber of the University of California at Berkeley joined as a co-editor of the series. Professor Weber, a well-known expert in the field of semiconductor materials, will further contribute to continuing the series' tradition of publishing timely, highly relevant, and long-impacting volumes. Some of the recent volumes, such as Hydrogen in Semiconductors, Imperfections in III/V Materials, Epitaxial Microstructures, High-Speed Heterostructure Devices, Oxygen in Silicon, and others promise indeed that this tradition will be maintained and even expanded.Reflecting the truly interdisciplinary nature of the field that the series covers, the volumes in Semiconductors and Semimetals have been and will continue to be of great interest to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and device engineers in modern industry. Volumes 54 and 55 present contributions by leading researchers in the field of high pressure semiconductors. Edited by T. Suski and W. Paul, these volumes continue the tradition of well-known but outdated publications such as Brigman's The Physics of High Pressure (1931 and 1949) and High Pressure Physics and Chemistry edited by Bradley. Volumes 54 and 55 reflect the industrially important recent developments in research and applications of semiconductor properties and behavior under desirable risk-free conditions at high pressures. These developments include the advent of the diamond anvil cell technique and the availability of commercial piston–cylinder apparatus operating at high hydrostatic pressures. These much-needed books will be useful to both researchers and practitioners in applied physics, materials science, and engineering.

  • Vacuum Ultraviolet Spectroscopy I

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 31
    • Thomas Lucatorto + 1 more
    • English
    This volume is for practitioners, experimentalists, and graduate students in applied physics, particularly in the fields of atomic and molecular physics, who work with vacuum ultraviolet applications and are in need of choosing the best type of modern instrumentation. It provides first-hand knowledge of the state-of-the-art equipment sources and gives technical information on how to use it, along with a broad reference bibliography.

  • Progress in Optics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 38
    • English
    This volume contains six review articles on a range of topics of research in optics. The first article deals with various nonlinear optical phenomena in stratified media, showing that resonances which arise from stratification are of considerable importance for achieving low-threshold nonlinear optical devices. It also includes a study of optical bistability and harmonic generation in Kerr nonlinear layered media, and various phase matching techniques are discussed, along with developments in gap solutions, weak photon localization and enhancement of nonlinear susceptibilities in layered composites. The second article reviews the optical aspects of interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, and article number three presents a review of temperature-related effects and thermal modelling of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). The review concludes with a look at the most important results obtained. The fourth articles describeds some theoretical developments in mathematical techniques that are used in physical optics and in optical information processing. These include generaliztions with parameters which take on fractional or complex values, and their use in areas of optics is discussed. Following articles discuss a number of Fourier-plane nonlinear filtering techniques and present an overview of the field of optical digital computing and interconnection. Various aspects are covered, including the historical development, the motivation for the use of free-space optics in computing applications, computational aspects of nonlinear optical devices and optical interconnections and their implementations. The articles conclude with an overview of architectures and systems for free-space optical computing and switching.

  • High Pressure in Semiconductor Physics II

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 55
    • English
    Since its inception in 1966, the series of numbered volumes known as Semiconductors and Semimetals has distinguished itself through the careful selection of well-known authors, editors, and contributors. The "Willardson and Beer" Series, as it is widely known, has succeeded in publishing numerous landmark volumes and chapters. Not only did many of these volumes make an impact at the time of their publication, but they continue to be well-cited years after their original release. Recently, Professor Eicke R. Weber of the University of California at Berkeley joined as a co-editor of the series. Professor Weber, a well-known expert in the field of semiconductor materials, will further contribute to continuing the series' tradition of publishing timely, highly relevant, and long-impacting volumes. Some of the recent volumes, such as Hydrogen in Semiconductors, Imperfections in III/V Materials, Epitaxial Microstructures, High-Speed Heterostructure Devices, Oxygen in Silicon, and others promise indeed that this tradition will be maintained and even expanded.Reflecting the truly interdisciplinary nature of the field that the series covers, the volumes in Semiconductors and Semimetals have been and will continue to be of great interest to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and device engineers in modern industry. Volumes 54 and 55 present contributions by leading researchers in the field of high pressure semiconductors. Edited by T. Suski and W. Paul, these volumes continue the tradition of well-known but outdated publications such as Brigman's The Physics of High Pressure (1931 and 1949) and High Pressure Physics and Chemistry edited by Bradley. Volumes 54 and 55 reflect the industrially important recent developments in research and applications of semiconductor properties and behavior under desirable risk-free conditions at high pressures. These developments include the advent of the diamond anvil cell technique and the availability of commercial piston–cylinder apparatus operating at high hydrostatic pressures. These much-needed books will be useful to both researchers and practitioners in applied physics, materials science, and engineering.

  • III-V Nitrides Semiconductors and Ceramics: From Material Growth to Device Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 74
    • B.K. Meyer
    • English
    Gallium Nitride and its alloys with InN and AlN, have recently emerged as important semiconductor materials with application to yellow, green, blue and ultraviolet portions of the spectrum as emitters, detectors and high temperature electronics. LEDs based on wide badgap GaN nitrides exhibit excellent longevity and brightness levels. Combined with red LEDs one can, for the first time, have full colour semiconductor displays.The 4 day symposium was presented at the combined 1997 International Conference on Applied Materials/European Materials Research Society Spring meeting (ICAM'97/E-MRS'97) held in Strasbourg (France) from 16-20 June 1997, provided a forum for active nitride researchers covering the most recent developments in all areas of nitride semiconductors. Sessions focused on the aspects of epitaxial and bulk growth of GaN and its alloys, on optical properties and structural and electrical characterisation, quantum phenomena and light-emitting devices such as LEDs and laser diodes.

  • Author and Subject Cumulative Index, Including Tables of Contents

    Subject and Author Cumulative Index, Volumes 1-24
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 25
    • English
    Physics of Thin Films is one of the longest running continuing series in thin film science, consisting of 25 volumes since 1963. The series contains quality studies of the properties of various thin films materials and systems.In order to be able to reflect the development of today's science and to cover all modern aspects of thin films, the series, starting with Volume 20, has moved beyond the basic physics of thin films. It now addresses the most important aspects of both inorganic and organic thin films, in both their theoretical as well as technological aspects. Therefore, in order to reflect the modern technology-oriented problems, the title has been slightly modified from Physics of Thin Films to Thin Films.

  • Fundamentals of Acoustic Signal Processing

    • 1st Edition
    • Mikio Tohyama + 1 more
    • English
    Fundamentals of Acoustic Signal Processing serves as an introduction to the previously published book The Nature and Technology of Acoustic Space. As a comprehensive, introductory text to modern acousticsand signal processing, it will be invaluable to students, researchers, and practitioners in industry.The book provides the fundamentals of acoustic wave theories as well as discrete signal processing. The authors have concentrated on the fundamental issues which they use in lecture courses, seminars, research, and development activities. From wave equations to discrete signal analysis, the treatment is self-contained with numerous helpful illustrations and examples. The relationship between continuous and discrete sampled data is clearly interpreted, and the origin of the sample data is readily comprehensible. Both students and engineers can reorganize their fundamental knowledge about signal processing.

  • Tribology of Miniature Systems

    • 1st Edition
    • Z. Rymuza
    • English
    The tribology of miniature systems is quite different from the tribology of large machinery. This is the first publication to cover on an academic level both the basic concepts of the tribology of miniature systems and some areas of its practical application. A comprehensive survey is given on the specific problems encountered in this field, providing a volume that will be useful in solving professional engineering problems in the fast growing field of precision engineering and microtechnology.The suitability of various materials and lubricants for the tribological systems in miniature mechanisms is discussed. The tribological properties and the friction and wear properties which occur in such systems are analysed. Specific lubrication problems are examined in detail; in particular, the use of special tribological coatings to solve many difficult lubrication problems and to obtain high wear resistance of the rubbing elements is considered. The special investigation techniques used to characterize miniature tribological systems and their elements (e.g. lubricants) are reviewed. The tribological aspects of many of the most common assemblies found in miniature mechanism and electromechanism design are analysed and some practical suggestions are put forward for the rational design of such systems. Also special tribological problems such as those met in computer technology, bioengineering, etc. are presented. The book is intended for tribologists (both seasoned researchers and newcomers) studying the problems of this specific branch of tribology and also for practising engineers active in the design, manufacture and exploitation of various miniature systems.

  • Electronic Structure of Clusters

    Modern Trends in Atomic Physics
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 30
    • Per-Olov Lowdin
    • English
    This volume is based on a symposium in honor of Professor Ingvar Lindgren. It includes a contribution by Dr. William D. Phillips, who was awarded the 1997 Nobel Prize in the field of physics for work on the development of methods to cool and trap atoms with laser light. Advances in Quantum Chemistry publishes surveys of current developments in the rapidly developing field of quantum chemistry--a field that falls between the historically established areas of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology. With invited reviews written by leading international researchers, each presenting new results, this quality serial provides a single vehicle for following progress in this interdisciplinary area.

  • Proteins at Liquid Interfaces

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 7
    • D. Möbius + 1 more
    • English
    The interfacial behaviour of surfactants and proteins, and their mixtures, is of importance in a wide range of areas such as food technology, detergency, cosmetics, coating processes, biomedicine, pharmacy and biotechnology. Methods such as surface and interfacial tension measurements and interfacial dilation and shear rheology characterise the relationships between these interfacial properties and the complex behaviour of foams and emulsions is established. Recently-developed experimental techniques, such as FRAP which enable the measurement of molecular mobility in adsorption layers, are covered in this volume. The development of theories to describe the thermodynamic surface state or the exchange of matter for proteins and protein/surfactant mixtures is also described.Features of this book:• Reflects the state-of-the-art research and application of protein interfacial layers rather than a snapshot of only some recent developments.• Emphasis is placed on experimental details as well as recent theoretical developments.• New experimental techniques applied to protein interfacial layers are described, such as FRAP or ADSA, or rheological methods to determine the mechanical behaviour of protein-modified interfaces.• A large number of practical applications, ranging from emulsions relevant in food technology for medical problems such as lung surfactants, to the characterisation of foams intrinsic to beer and champagne production.The book will be of interest to research and university institutes dedicated to interfacial studies in chemistry, biology, pharmacy, medicine and food engineering. Industrial departments for research and technology in food industry, pharmacy, medicine and brewery research will also find this volume of value.

  • Handbook on the Physics and Chemistry of Rare Earths

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 25
    • English
    Twenty years on and 164 reviews later since the appearance of volume 1 of this prestigious series, the rare earths continue to perplex, if not mystify us. There is no doubt that in the next breakthrough to a higher level of human understanding of nature, the rare earth elements and their compounds will play an important part in its elaboration. The reviews contained in this 25th volume continue this quest.The first chapter reveals the effects of the addition of the rare earths on steel. These elements were introduced to the steel-making industry in the 1920's to affect deoxidization and desulfurization. Today it is possible to extend their usefulness to provide steels with desired characteristics. The description of why and how additions of the rare earths affect micro- and nano-structures in steels which provide these beneficial modifications is explored.Chapter two reviews ternary and higher-order nitride materials. The synthesis of ternary compounds is examined and the products are categorized by their composition and the nature of the chemical bonding they exhibit. The structures of the compounds are discussed where possible.The spectral intensities of f-f transitions in lanthanide compounds are discussed at length in the following chapter. The authors present an exhaustive consideration of the unique appearance of intraconfigurational electronic transitions in f-type materials, particularly the lanthanides.The final chapter reviews the prodigious literature on the organometallic &pgr; complexes of the f-elements. The authors consider the main classes of complexes of both the lanthanide and actinide organometallics, and synthesis and structure are dealt with in particular.

  • Electronic Structure of Clusters

    Direct Variational X-I Method
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 29
    • Per-Olov Lowdin
    • English
    Advances in Quantum Chemistry publishes surveys of current developments in the rapidly developing field of quantum chemistry--a field that falls between the historically established areas of mathematics, physics, chemistry, and biology. With invited reviews written by leading international researchers, each presenting new results, this quality serial provides a single vehicle for following progress in this interdisciplinary area.

  • Gallium Nitride (GaN) I

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 50
    • English
    Since its inception in 1966, the series of numbered volumes known as Semiconductors and Semimetals has distinguished itself through the careful selection of well-known authors, editors, and contributors.The"Wil... and Beer"Series, as it is widely known, has succeeded in publishing numerous landmark volumes and chapters. Not only did many of these volumes make an impact at the time of their publication, but they continue to be well-cited years after their original release. Recently, Professor Eicke R. Weber of the University of California at Berkeley joined as a co-editor of the series. Professor Weber, a well-known expert in the field of semiconductor materials, will further contribute to continuing the series' tradition of publishing timely, highly relevant, and long-impacting volumes. Some of the recent volumes, such as Hydrogen in Semiconductors, Imperfections in III/V Materials, Epitaxial Microstructures, High-Speed Heterostructure Devices,Oxygen in Silicon, and others promise indeed that this tradition will be maintained and even expanded.Reflecting the truly interdisciplinary nature of the field that the series covers, the volumes in Semiconductors and Semimetals have been and will continue to be of great interest to physicists, chemists, materials scientists, and device engineers in modern industry.

  • Pneumatic Handbook

    • 8th Edition
    • A. Barber
    • English
    Accepted as the standard reference work on modern pneumatic and compressed air engineering, the new edition of this handbook has been completely revised, extended and updated to provide essential up-to-date reference material for engineers, designers, consultants and users of fluid systems.

  • Semiconductors and Organic Materials for Optoelectronic Applications

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 60
    • B. Gil + 5 more
    • English
    The symposium "UV, Blue and Green Light Emission fromSemiconductor Materials" was part of the European MaterialsResearch Society (E-MRS) Spring Meeting in Strasbourg, 4-7 June,1996 and it was arranged to bring together specialists in growth,characterizat... and device fabrication of materials suitable forvisible and UV optoelectronic applications. Although the mainemphasis was on the development of semiconductor diode lasers,work was also presented on the progress of frequently doublingtechniques which have an immediate application in commercialsystems. The proceedings are divided into Part I and Part IIreflecting the two streams of research based on II-VIsemiconductors on the one hand and III-V GaN based semiconductorson the other hand. Although these two areas are competingvigorously for the realization of practical blue laser diodes,there are many common problems, particularly with doping and also the need for suitable substrates for the growth of latticematched structures.The invited talks were presented byspeakers from Japan, the USA and Europe with representation fromboth University and Industrial research groups. In particular,leaders in the development of blue lasers SONY (II-VI devices)and Nichia (GaN devices) provided important device papersalongside the excellent contributions on a wide range of topicscovering epitaxial growth, optical structural and electricalmeasuremen... as well as problems of compensation of dopants andlaser lifetimes.The symposium "Nonlinear Optical andOptoelectronics Organic Materials" dealt with the development oforganic molecules and polymers as potential replacements forexisting materials in electronic, optoelectronics and nonlinearoptical devices.

  • Magnetic Ultra Thin Films, Multilayers and Surfaces

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 62
    • F. Petroff + 1 more
    • English
    The Symposium on Magnetic Ultrathin Films, Multilayers andSurfaces, hosted by the European Materials Research Society, washeld at the Palais de la Musique et des Congré inStrasbourg, France on June 4-7, 1996. Its central theme was therelationship of magnetic properties and device performance tostructure at the nano and micrometer length scale. Research onthe magnetism of surfaces, ultrathin films and multilayers hasincreased dramatically during recent years. This development wastriggered by the discovery of coupling between ferromagneticlayers across nonmagnetic spacer layers and of the giantmagnetoresistan... effect in systems of reduced dimension usingvarious micro and nanofabrication techniques has become a subjectof special interest. It is certainly the promising applicationpotential of these effects in new magnetic recording devicegeometries which causes this intensive research, which is doneboth by companies and at universities and researchinstitutes.A selection of invited and contributed paperspresented at the Symposium and accepted for publication iscontained in this volume. The contents of these proceedings areorganized into seven sections.A. Nanowires, Nanoparticles,Nanost... Ultrathin Films and Surfaces,Characteriz... Giant MagnetoresistanceD. Coupling,TunnelingE. Growth, Structure, MagnetismF. Growth,Structure, MagnetoresistanceG. Coupling, Magnetic processes,Magneto-op... first four sections contain invited andoral contributed papers in the listed research domains, while thelast three sections contain the contributions presented duringthree large poster sessions.

  • Foam and Foam Films

    Theory, Experiment, Application
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 5
    • D. Exerowa + 1 more
    • English
    The main physicochemical aspects of foam and foam films such as preparation, structure, properties, are considered, giving a special emphasis on foam stability. It is shown that the foam and foam films are an efficient object in the study of various surface phenomena and in establishing regularities common for different interfaces, in particular, water/oil interface. The techniques and results on foam films have an independent meaning and involve the latest achievement in this field, with a focus on authors' results.The book has an expressed monographic character. It reveals joint ideas, i.e. the quantitative approach in treating foams is based on foam film behaviour and the techniques for controlling the foam liquid content, developed by the authors. A major contribution represents the independent consideration of formation and stability of foam films in theoretical and experimental aspects. No monograph published so far reveals these topics in the mentioned manner. Data and information about foams, physicochemical characterization of surfactants, phospholipids and polymers can also be found. Furthermore, the book provides information about: techniques involved in the study of foam films and foam structure and properties; foam drainage; processes of destruction in gravitational and centrifugal fields; reasons for stability of films and their role in the processes running in the foam; mechanical, rheological, optical, thermophysical, electrical properties; foam destruction upon addition of antifoams (mechanism of destruction, techniques, application); scientific principles of controlling foam properties and their application in foam separation and concentration; enhanced oil recovery; thermodynamic and non-equilibrium properties of foam films, stabilized by surfactants, phospholipids and polymers; techniques for the study of surface forces; formation and stability of foam films; black films, including bilayers; new theories of stability of amphiphile bilayer; experiments involved in this stability; application in biology and medicine.

  • Laser Ablation and Desorption

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 30
    • Thomas Lucatorto + 1 more
    • English
    This volume introduces the subject of laser ablation and desorption to scientists and engineers. It covers fundamental experimental and theoretical tools, models, and techniques, and introduces the most important applications. Clearly written and organized in a straightforward manner, Laser Ablation and Desorption lead the reader straight through the fundamentals of laser-surface interactions. Each chapter is self-contained and includes references to other chapters as necessary, so that readers may begin with the topic of greatest interest and follow the references to other aspects of the subject contained within the book.

  • Drops and Bubbles in Interfacial Research

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • D. Mobius + 1 more
    • English
    The shape of drops and bubbles is the centre of interest for many interfacial scientists. This book describes the most recent accomplishments to make use of drops and bubbles in fundamental research and application.After a general introduction into the mechanics of liquid menisci, chapters are dedicated to methods based on drops or bubbles. The chapters about the three main drop experiments provide the theoretical basis, a description of experimental set-ups, specific advantages and disadvantages, correction and calibration problems, experimental examples and their interpretation: pendent and sessile drop, drop volume, and spinning drop technique. The chapter about capillary pressure methods summarises different techniques and gives examples of applications, for instance measurements under microgravity.The maximum bubble pressure technique as a particular capillary pressure method is described, with emphasis on the most recent developments which made this technique applicable to extremely short adsorption times, down to the range of milliseconds and less. Problems connected with aerodynamics and hydrodynamics are discussed and used to show the limits of this widely used standard method.The oscillating bubble technique provides information not available by other techniques, for example about the dilational rheology of adsorption layers and relaxation processes at the interface. The description of rising bubbles in surfactant solutions will contain the hydrodynamic basis as well as the theoretical description of the effect of interfacial layers on the movement of bubbles. Besides the theoretical basis experimental data, such as water purification, flotation processes etc. and the relevance for practical applications will be presented. The chapter about lung alveols demonstrates how important bubbles built by biological membranes are in everyday life. The relevance for medicine and biology as well as model studies is discussed.An important example for the application of drops is metallurgy, where the surface tension of metals and alloys is an important parameter for many applications. The chapters on drop shape analysis by using fibre technique and on force measurements between emulsion droplets are of much practical relevance.Lists of references and symbols are given separately at the end of each chapter while a common subject index is given at the end of the book.

  • Progress in Optics

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 37
    • English
    This volume presents six articles describing theoretical and experimental research of interest in optics. The articles review applications of the Wigner distribution function in optics and optoelectronics, examine the mathematical foundations and the applicability of Kramers-Kronig relations to data inversion in linear and nonlinear optical spectroscopy and explore concentration and anisotropy fluctuations. Chapter four reviews the field of fibre-optical soliton communication systems, and includes discussion of periodic amplification, timing jitter and its control and time-division multiplexing. Chapter five focuses on theoretical aspects of the local field electrodynamics in mesoscopic media. The final chapter reviews experiments and theories concerning the time it takes for a photon or an electromagnetic wave packet to tunnel across a barrier.

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