Skip to main content
Elsevier
View Cart

Books in Physical sciences and engineering

BooksJournals

    • Concise Encyclopedia of Materials Characterization

      • 1st Edition
      • R.W. Cahn + 1 more
      • English
      To use materials effectively, their composition, degree of perfection, physical and mechanical characteristics, and microstructure must be accurately determined. This concise encyclopledia covers the wide range of characterization techniques necessary to achieve this.Articles included are not only concerned with the characterization techniques of specific materials such as polymers, metals, ceramics and semiconductors but also techniques which can be applied to materials in general.The techniques described cover bulk methods, and also a number of specific methods to study the topography and composition of surface and near-surface regions. These techniques range from the well-established and traditional to the very latest including: atomic force microscopy; confocal optical microscopy; gamma ray diffractometry; thermal wave imaging; x-ray diffraction and time-resolved techniques.This unique concise encyclopedia comprises 116 articles by leading experts in the field from around the world to create the ideal guide for materials scientists, chemists and engineers involved with any aspect of materials characterization. With over 540 illustrations, extensive cross-referencing, approximately 900 references, and a detailed index, this concise encyclopedia will be a valuable asset to any materials science collection.

    • Artificial Intelligence IV

      Methodology, Systems, Applications
      • 1st Edition
      • P. Jorrand + 1 more
      • English
      Presenting recent results and ongoing research in Artificial Intelligence, this book has a strong emphasis on fundamental questions in several key areas: programming languages, automated reasoning, natural language processing and computer vision.AI is at the source of major programming language design efforts. Different approaches are described, with some of their most significant results: languages combining logic and functional styles, logic and parallel, functional and parallel, logic with constraints.A central problem in AI is automated reasoning, and formal logic is, historically, at the root of research in this domain. This book presents results in automatic deduction, non-monotonic reasoning, non-standard logic, machine learning, and common-sense reasoning. Proposals for knowledge representation and knowledge engineering are described and the neural net challenger to classical symbolic AI is also defended.Finally, AI systems must be able to interact with their environment in a natural and autonomous way. Natural language processing is an important part of this. Various results are presented in discourse planning, natural language parsing, understanding and generation. The autonomy of a machine for perception of its physical environment is also an AI problem and some research in image processing and computer vision is described.

    • Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Resources

      • 1st Edition
      • Bruce Hunt
      • English
      Mathematical Analysis of Groundwater Resources focuses on groundwater flow. The book first discusses the scope of the study, definition of terms, and mathematical preliminaries. The text examines the equations of groundwater flow. Continuum concepts; flux and pore velocities; Darcy's Law for Anisotropic Aquifers; Conservation of Mass equations; and boundary conditions are discussed. The book also underscores the formulation of boundary-value problems. Regional problems, confined flow problems, sea water intrusion problems, and free surface flows are discussed. The text also looks at the approximate solution of boundary-value problems, inverse problems, and groundwater pollution. The book then presents the exact solutions of steady-flow problems. Problem formulations; analytic coordinate transformations; analytic functions of a complex variable; applications of the Schwarz-Christoffel transformation; and superposition of solutions are described. The text also discusses the exact solution of unsteady problems. The Laplace transform, groundwater recharge problems, well storage effect, and two well recovery problems are discussed. The book is a good source of data for researchers who are interested in groundwater flow.

    • A Physician's Handbook on Orthomolecular Medicine

      • 1st Edition
      • Roger J. Williams + 1 more
      • English
      A Physician's Handbook on Orthomolecular Medicine is a collection of articles that covers the advancement in the field of orthomolecular medicine. The title presents papers that discuss the methodology and technology involved in the adjustment of the natural chemical constituents of our bodies, along with related concerns. The book aims to further promote orthomolecular medicine by discussing its effectiveness and efficiency as a form of medical treatment. The coverage of the text includes orthomolecular medicine’s application in treating mental disorders and regulating disease. The book will be of great use to students, researchers, and practitioners of health sciences.

    • Copper, Silver, Gold & Zinc, Cadmium, Mercury Oxides & Hydroxides

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 23
      • T. P. Dirkse
      • English
      Interest in the title compounds has fallen into three phases: initial study of their solution chemistry, study of their role in the electrode reactions of alkaline batteries during and since World War II, and present concern over the mechanisms by which these elements can enter the environment through dissolution processes, sometimes with toxic results. This volume provides a complete compilation of solubility data published up to 1984, including all pertinent articles, together with critical evaluations of the data. Almost all the measurements relate to aqueous systems.

    • Atomic Radiation and Polymers

      International Series of Monographs on Radiation Effects in Materials, Vol. 1
      • 1st Edition
      • A. Charlesby
      • A. Charlesby
      • English
      Radiation Effects in Materials, Volume 1: Atomic Radiation and Polymers considers the theoretical and experimental studies on the association between polymers and atomic radiation. The use of radiation in polymer science constitutes a powerful tool for the quantitative study of macromolecules. This book consists of 31 chapters, and starts with a brief introduction to fundamentals of atomic radiation and polymer structure. The next chapters focus on some aspect of atomic radiation, including radiation units, radiation-matter interaction, and nuclear and electrical sources of radiation. A chapter presents the appropriate methods to study radiation chemistry and polymer. Considerable chapters are devoted to the molecular structure, chemistry, and reactions of polymers. This volume also describes some significant chemical changes of radiation. Other chapters explore the properties and reactions of various irradiated polymers. The remaining chapters deal with radiation protection effects in polymers, which are processes wherein small changes in chemical structure within a molecule or in its neighborhood can exert a disproportionately large influence on the overall chemical reactions. This book is of value to nuclear and solid state physicists, organic and polymer chemists, and nuclear engineers and radiobiologists.

    • Occlusion

      • 1st Edition
      • Hamish Thomson
      • English
      Occlusion focuses on rules that influence the achievement of perfect occlusion, particularly noting the design of the occlusal surfaces of dentures. The manuscript first offers information on the muscles, joints, and teeth, neuromuscular function, and positions and movements. Topics include mandibular joints and ligaments, roots and occlusal surfaces of the teeth, and muscles of mastication. The book then ponders on occlusion and articulation and functions of the masticatory system. The publication examines articulators and disturbances and disorders, as well as gnathological articulators, adjustable and plain-hinge articulators, and developmental and functional disturbances. The manuscript also takes a look at analysis and diagnosis and occlusion in fixed restorative procedures. Discussions focus on clinical analysis of occlusal function, articulator analysis, quadrant restorations and the unilateral bridge, and single restoration. The publication is a dependable source of data for dentists and readers interested in occlusion.

    • Geomagnetism

      Volume 4
      • 1st Edition
      • John A. Jacobs
      • English
      Geomagnetism, Volume 4 focuses on the processes, methodologies, technologies, and approaches involved in geomagnetism, including electric fields, solar wind plasma, pulsations, and gravity waves. The selection first offers information on solar wind, magnetosphere, and the magnetopause of the Earth. Discussions focus on magnetopause structure and transfer processes, magnetosphere electric fields, geomagnetically trapped radiation, microstructure of the solar wind plasma, and hydro magnetic fluctuations and discontinuities. The text then examines geomagnetic tail, neutral upper atmosphere, and geomagnetic pulsations and plasma waves in the Earth's magnetosphere. Topics include plasma waves and instabilities in the magnetosphere, waves in a magneto plasma, gravity waves, atmospheric tides, balance equations for mass, momentum and energy, and absorption of solar and particle radiation. The publication takes a look at auroras and physical processes producing magnetosphere substorms and magnetic storms, including aurora theory and morphology, structure of the magnetosphere, and models of magnetosphere substorms. The selection is a valuable source of data for researchers wanting to explore geomagnetism.

    • Gases in Molten Salts

      • 1st Edition
      • Volume 45
      • R.P.T. Tomkins + 1 more
      • English
      This volume contains tabulated collections and critical evaluations of original data for the solubility of gases in molten salts, gathered from chemical literature through to the end of 1989. Within the volume, material is arranged according to the individual gas. The gases include hydrogen halides, inert gases, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, water vapor and halogens. The molten salts consist of single salts, binary mixtures and multicomponent systems. Included also, is a special section on the solubility of gases in molten silicate systems, focussing on slags and fluxes.

    • A Comparative Study of Parallel Programming Languages: The Salishan Problems

      • 1st Edition
      • J.T. Feo
      • English
      As execution speeds reach the physical limits of single cpu computers, the only hope of achieving greater computing power is with parallel systems. Researchers have proposed countless new programming languages, but their differences, similarities, strengths, weaknesses and problem domains are subtle and often not well understood. Informed comparison of parallel languages is difficult.This volume compares eight parallel programming languages based on solutions to four problems. Each chapter includes a description of the language's philosophy, semantics and syntax, and a solution to each problem. By considering solutions rather than language features or theoretical properties, the gap is bridged between the language specialists and users. Both professionals and students in the fields of computer and computational science will find the discussions helpful and understandable.

Related subjects

Astronomy astrophysics space science

Built environment

Chemical engineering

Chemistry

Computer science

Earth and planetary sciences

Energy and power

Engineering and technology

Environmental sciences

Materials science

Mathematics

Physics