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Marine Concrete Structures

Design, Durability and Performance

1st Edition - June 24, 2016

Editor: Mark Alexander

Hardback ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 0 9 0 5 - 5

eBook ISBN:

9 7 8 - 0 - 0 8 - 1 0 0 0 8 4 - 7

Marine Concrete Structures: Design, Durability and Performance comprehensively examines structures located in, under, or in close proximity to the sea. A major emphasis of the… Read more

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Marine Concrete Structures: Design, Durability and Performance

comprehensively examines structures located in, under, or in close proximity to the sea. A major emphasis of the book is on the long-term performance of marine concrete structures that not only represent major infrastructure investment and provision, but are also required to operate with minimal maintenance.

Chapters review the design, specification, construction, and operation of marine concrete structures, and examine their performance and durability in the marine environment. A number of case studies of significant marine concrete structures from around the world are included which help to reinforce the principles outlined in earlier chapters and provide useful background to these types of structures. The result is a thorough and up-to-date reference source that engineers, researchers, and postgraduate students in this field will find invaluable.

1. Introduction: Importance of marine concrete structures and durability design

1.1. Introduction
1.2. Definition and characteristics of the marine environment
1.3. Fundamental requirements for marine concrete structures
1.4. Standards and guidelines for design and construction of marine concrete structures
1.5. Book outline

Part One. Design, specification and construction of marineconcrete structures

2. Types of marine concrete structures

2.1. Port structures
2.2. Coastal structures
2.3. Sea water–retaining structures
2.4. Summary
Sources of further information

3. Design and specification of marine concrete structures

3.1. Introduction to marine concrete structure design
3.2. Prescriptive versus performance-based specifications
3.3. Codes of practice for design and specification of marine concrete structures
3.4. Materials
3.5. Design of plain (unreinforced) concrete marine structures
3.6. Design of reinforced concrete marine structures
3.7. Particular considerations for the design and specification of structural components
3.8. Summary
Sources of further information

4. Construction methodologies and challenges for marine concrete structures

4.1. Introduction
4.2. Marine construction methodologies: general issues
4.3. Particular construction challenges for different marine concrete structures
4.4. Particular aspects of underwater concrete construction
4.5. Marine construction specifications
4.6. Future challenges and opportunities
Sources of further information and advice

Part Two. The performance and properties of concretein the marine environment

5. Deterioration of concrete in the marine environment

5.1. Introduction
5.2. The marine environment
5.3. Chemical mechanisms of concrete deterioration
5.4. Physical mechanisms of deterioration
5.5. Steel corrosion in the marine environment
5.6. Future challenges

6. The durability of concrete for marine construction: Materials and properties

6.1. Introduction
6.2. Desirable properties for marine concrete
6.3. Appropriate binders and cements
6.4. Aggregates and admixtures
6.5. Alternative reinforcement
6.6. Mix design and proportioning
6.7. Testing of marine concretes
6.8. Future trends
Sources of further information and advice

7. Marine exposure environments and marine exposure sites

7.1. Introduction
7.2. Variability of marine exposure environments in terms of severity
7.3. Categorisation of marine exposure environments
7.4. Holistic approach to quantification of severity of marine exposure environments
7.5. Examples of marine sites around the world: field testing of marine concrete
7.6. Lessons learnt from past experience and studies
7.7. Future trends
Sources of further information and advice

Part Three. Case studies on marine concrete and durability–based design

8. The Confederation Bridge

8.1. Introduction
8.2. Financial considerations
8.3. Design considerations
8.4. Bridge design
8.5. Concrete mix design
8.6. Ice shields
8.7. Field performance of the Confederation Bridge concretes
8.8. Conclusions

9. Marinas in the Arabian Gulf region

9.1. The development of marine concrete structures in the Arabian Gulf
9.2. Case study: construction and quality control of a reinforced concrete marina seawall (Heath and Alexander, 2012)
9.3. Conclusions

10. Notable Southern African marine structures

10.1. Introduction
10.2. Victoria and Alfred Waterfront development
10.3. New Port of Ngqura Harbour, Eastern Cape, South Africa
10.4. Durban Harbour entrance, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa
10.5. Durban Maydon Wharf 12, Kwazulu-Natal
10.6. Rupert's Bay Wharf, St Helena Island, South Atlantic Ocean
10.7. Other notable marine structures
Sources of further information

11. Danish strait crossings: Lillebælt, Storebælt, Øresund and Femern Bælt

11.1. Introduction
11.2. Concrete durability issues
11.3. The Lillebælt Bridges
11.4. The Storebælt Link 1997 (rail), 1998 (road)
11.5. The Øresund Link
11.6. The Femern Bælt Tunnel
11.7. Ownership and financing
11.8. Asset management
11.9. Conclusions

12. Coastal protection structures in the Netherlands

12.1. Introduction
12.2. Historical background to the Delta Project
12.3. Eastern Scheldt Storm Surge Barrier
12.4. Conclusions

13. Hong Kong—Zhuhai—Macau sea link project, China

13.1. Introduction to HZM project
13.2. Durability design: philosophy and procedure
13.3. Quality control in construction
13.4. Durability assessment
13.5. Life-cycle management
13.6. Conclusions

14. Concrete durability in small harbours: The Southern African experience

14.1. Background to small harbours
14.2. The seashore
14.3. Case studies of selected small harbour structures, or constructions of limited size
14.4. Ancillary durability issues
14.5. Conclusions

15. Concrete durability of the new Panama Canal: Background and aspects of testing

15.1. Introduction: background, brief details, locality
15.2. Details of the structures: structural form, layout, extent and complexity
15.3. Environment (salinity) of the marine concrete structures
15.4. Concrete design philosophy and basis
15.5. Particular aspects considered relating to durability
15.6. Construction aspects
15.7. Experimental program developed between GUPC and IETcc
15.8. LIFEPRED model for calculating service life (Andrade and Tavares, 2012)
15.9. Resistivity-based model (Andrade, 2004; Andrade et al., 2014, 2011)
15.10. Results
15.11. Analysis of results
15.12. Conclusions

16. Durability design of new concrete infrastructure for future development of Singapore City

16.1. Introduction
16.2. Durability design
16.3. Experimental work
16.4. Probability of corrosion
16.5. Discussion of results
16.6. Conclusions