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Elsevier

Books in Life sciences

  • Fungal Pathogenicity and the Plant's Response

    • 1st Edition
    • R.J.W. Byrde
    • English
    Fungal Pathogenicity and the Plants Response covers the proceedings of the Third Long Ashton Symposium held at Long Ashton Research Station University of Bristol on September 22-24, 1971. Topics for this biennial symposium are decided for their importance to Agriculture and Horticulture and for the timeliness of a critical review of developments in fungal pathogenicity and plants response. Composed of five sections, this book discusses the direct involvement of fungal proteins in fungal pathogenicity, the role of extracellular enzymes in fruit rotting, and the control of vertical distribution of apple scab disease. It then examines the role of ethylene in plant diseases, growth of obligate parasites, and the concepts of host-pathogen relations. It also focuses on plants induced and preformed resistance factors, including phaseollin, phytoalexin, and benzoic acid. The concluding section discusses the significant role of enzymes, particularly lysosomal enzymes, in fungal pathogenicity. With a strong focus on original data and speculative comment on host-parasite contact, this book will be helpful for research workers, teachers, and students who wish to broaden their knowledge in fungal pathogenicity.

  • Plant Geography

    With Special Reference to North America
    • 1st Edition
    • Rexford Daubenmire
    • English
    Plant Geography: With Special Reference to North America covers main concepts of the two major approaches to plant geography, namely, the floristic plant geography and the ecologic plant geography. Floristic plant geography primarily studies evolutionary divergence, migration, and decline of taxa, as influenced by past events of the earth’s history. Ecologic plant geography is an alternative approach to plant geography, which takes plant communities as units having ranges to be interpreted, dominated by sociologic and physiologic, rather than phylogenetic and historic considerations. Under the floristic plant geography part, topics covered include interrelations among floristic plant geography, taxonomy, and geology; the relation between plant dissemination and migration; evidence of the dynamic character of plant ranges; and migratory route. After a brief introduction to the evolution of North and South America vegetation, the book discusses the ecologic plant geography section that focuses on various vegetation regions in North America, including Tundra, subarctic-subalpine forest, temperate mesophytic, xerophytic forest, and chaparral and steppe regions and temperate affinity forests in Middle America. Other regions examined include the desert and marine regions, as well as the microphyllous woodland, tropical savanna, rain forest, and tropical alpine. With great information on geologic history of each vegetation unit and paleontology, this book will be helpful to paleobotanists, historical geologists, and taxonomists.

  • Structure and Functioning of Seminatural Meadows

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 27
    • M. Rychnovská
    • English
    Twelve years' analysis of natural grassland and experimentally managed meadows have produced this unique set of data on the structures and physiological functions of primary producers, consumers and decomposers. Obtained during the 1973-1985 Ecosystem Study on Highland Meadows in Czechoslovakia, such original information is rare in scientific literature. The aim of the study was to define the functioning of these grasslands and their changes under different impact of man, and to examine the ecological function of those ecosystems in the intensively managed catchment area. Hence, this book contains deep analyses of soil microorganisms, their functions in decomposition and soil forming processes - leading to the evaluation of the whole carbon cycle - as well as dealing with nitrogen pathways in the experimental plots - resulting in precise determination of the full nitrogen cycle. Procedures used in practical agriculture, such as cutting, fertilization and renovation, have also been applied, producing evaluations from both ecological and economical view-points.The book's integrated ecosystem approach to grasslands, its deep professional analyses in each section, along with the synthesis on each particular level and across all levels, renders it an invaluable, informative text, comprising extensive figures and tables and a substantial bibliography of world-wide sources.

  • Survival in Toxic Environments

    • 1st Edition
    • M.A.Q. Khan
    • English
    Survival in Toxic Environments is a collection of papers presented at a symposium held in Houston, Texas, in December 1973 and organized by the American Society of Zoologists, Division of Comparative Physiology and Biochemistry. Contributors focus on chemical pollutants, as well as the pollutants’ fate and disposition in the environment and bio-environmental effects. The specific pollutants and/or toxicants include pesticides, crude and refined oils, polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nitrilotriacetic acid, lead, carbon monoxide, and other supposedly less ominous xenobiotics. The dispositions of these substances and their effects are examined in either ecosystems and/or organisms, or components thereof. This volume is organized into five sections encompassing 21 chapters and begins with an overview of chemicals, how they are degraded, and how they affect living organisms. The first section discusses the impact of chemical pollutants, such as DDT, on the biology of organisms. The second section explores the detoxication mechanisms of survival in toxic environments, emphasizing halogenated hydrocarbons and their fate in microbes, houseflies, and fish. The reader is then methodically introduced to the role of the mixed-function oxidase and its components in survival in toxic environments, along with the trends in pesticide research. The final section considers non-pesticidal pollutants, such as NTA (a detergent builder), lead, and carbon monoxide, and their secondary effects. This book will be of interest to scientists and researchers in fields such as chemical pharmacology, chemical pathology, biology, zoology, ecology, agricultural chemistry, and entomology.

  • Chromatin and Chromosome Structure

    • 1st Edition
    • Hsueh Jei Li
    • English
    Chromatin and Chromosome Structure consists of chapters that reflect a 1975 seminar course and the reported observations after the session. The seminar is organized for the benefit of both faculty and students in the Biology Ph.D. Program of the City University of New York. This book begins with a presentation of the conformational studies of histones. It then describes the histone-DNA interactions and the subunits isolated either from chromatin or from nuclei. It also explains the post-synthetic modifications of histone structure. Furthermore, the book talks about the chemistry and function of nuclear nonhistone proteins, low molecular weight nuclear RNA, and polytene chromosome structure. The regulation of gene expression in chick oviduct model system and the main features of lampbrush chromosomes are shown as well. Aside from the students and faculty of the above-mentioned university, this compilation will be invaluable as well to other undergraduate and graduate students; professors; and researchers. It will also be a good reference to those who are specializing in chromatin and chromosome studies.

  • Comparative Mechanisms of Cold Adaptation

    • 1st Edition
    • Larry Underwood
    • English
    Comparative Mechanisms of Cold Adaptation covers the proceedings of a symposium held at the Naval Arctic Research Laboratory in Barrow, Alaska in 1975 and 1976. The said symposium discusses the mechanisms of cold adaptation according to experts from different fields. The book covers topics related to cold adaptation, such as energy acquisition and utilization; mechanisms of thermal tolerance; the physiology and requirements of hibernation; and the role of neural inputs in cold adaptation. Topics also include cold-induced enzymatic adjustments; cold-induced responses in ectotherms and homeotherms; hormonal mechanisms; and plant adaptation to low temperatures. The text is recommended for biologists who would like to understand better the different mechanisms involved in cold adaptation and the importance of its study.

  • The Mycetozoans

    • 1st Edition
    • Lindsay Olive
    • English
    The Mycetozoans brings together, for the first time in a single volume, comprehensive information on the biology and classification of the mycetozoans and associated groups. The mycetozoans and their associates remain of prime interest to taxonomists and phylogenists because major new taxa continue to be discovered among them. This book informs the reader where to find mycetozoans, how to isolate and culture them, their life cycles and ultrastructure, and some of the experiments that may be performed with them. It presents studies on Protostelia (protostelids); Dictyostelia (dictyostelid cellular slime molds); Myxogastria (myxomycetes); Acrasea (acrasid cellular slime molds); Plasmodiophorina (plasmodiophorids); and Labyrinthulas (labyrinthulina and thraustochytrids). This text can serve as a reference tool in courses on mycetozoans, protozoology, mycology, and developmental biology of lower organisms, and as a concentrated source of information for research workers in all aspects of the biology and taxonomy of these organisms.

  • Immunity to Cancer

    • 1st Edition
    • Arnold Reif
    • English
    Immunity to Cancer documents the proceedings of a conference on ""Immunity to Cancer"" held at Williamsburg, Virginia, September 10-12, 1984. This was the first open conference since the New York Academy of Sciences meeting in 1975 that attempted to address the entire range of topics encompassed by tumor immunology and immunotherapy. The papers presented in this volume were invited from experts in diverse areas of tumor immunology and closely related subjects. There was an attempt to proceed logically from a consideration of the antigenicity of tumors and the use of monoclonal antibodies to examine specific antigens, to a review of regulatory and effector mechanisms. Immunological approaches to therapy were then considered systematically, both for classical modes of immunotherapy and for the newly expanded categories of biological response modifiers or biomodulators. Also included were papers on vaccination against cancer and on the analogy between the strategies for chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

  • Principles of Physiological Measurement

    • 1st Edition
    • James Cameron
    • English
    Principles of Physiological Measurement examines the basic principles underlying the techniques and instruments used in making measurements, including tracer methods and compartmental analysis. It describes measurements of oxygen, carbon dioxide, pH, ammonia, and miscellaneous gases such as hydrogen and nitrogen. The book also describes the general concepts of electrical transduction, amplification, and recording. Organized into 15 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of some fundamental concepts of measurement, including basic gas and solution concepts, electronics relevant to measurement methods, and error in designing experiments. Some chapters are dedicated to the measurement of oxygen in gases and in aqueous solutions, partial pressure measurement of carbon dioxide in liquids, measurement of intracellular pH, and measurement of ammonia in gases and in solutions. Other chapters discuss the blood gas measurement, problems of controlling the gaseous environment, and basic principles of flow, velocity, force, displacement, and pressure, along with common methods for their measurement. The final chapters deal with ions and solutions, radioisotope concepts and techniques, and tracer kinetics. This book will be of interest to natural scientists and students in physiology courses.

  • Mass Action in the Nervous System

    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    Mass Action in the Nervous System: Examination of the Neurophysiological Basis of Adaptive Behavior through the EEG focuses on the neural mechanisms and the behavioral significance of the electroencephalogram... with emphasis on observations made on the mammalian olfactory system. Organized into seven chapters, this book begins with a brief nonmathematical review of the concept of the neuron and the interrelations among neurons that lead to the formation of interactive masses. Some chapters follow on the linear properties of neurons and their parts; the ionic hypothesis; the nonlinear input-output relations of neurons in masses expressed in terms of amplitude-dependent coefficients in linear differential equations; and the relations between the states of activity of neurons. Subsequent chapters describe the properties resulting from feedback within neural masses; the effects of the nonlinearities in the input-output relations of neurons on the behavior of masses; and some inferences concerning the mechanisms of neural signal processing at the level of neural masses. The book is a model for an advanced text in neurophysiology, and some understanding is assumed of the elements of the fields of linear analysis, probability, statistics, theory of potential, neuroanatomy, electrophysiology, neuropharmacology, and experimental psychology.

  • mechanistic studies of DNA replication and genetic recombination

    • 1st Edition
    • Bruce Alberts
    • English
    Mechanistic Studies of DNA Replication and Genetic Recombination emerged from a symposium on DNA replication and genetic recombination held from March 16-21, 1980 in Keystone, Colorado. The event featured 30 plenary session talks, 13 workshop discussion groups, and the 210 poster sessions. The studies described in this book are paving the way for the elucidation of other basic genetic mechanisms, including ""new"" areas in molecular genetics such as those of eukaryotic gene expression and the transposition of mobile genetic elements. This book is divided into 10 parts: summaries of workshop discussion groups (Part I); studies on eukaryotic model systems for DNA replication (Part II); studies on bacterial replication origins (Part III); studies on replication origins of bacterial phages and plasmids (Part IV); studies on eukaryotic replication origins (Part V); studies on prokaryotic replication enzymology (Part VI); studies on eukaryotic replication enzymology (Part VII); studies on the fidelity of DNA replication (Part VIII); studies on DNA topoisomerases (Part IX); and studies of genetic recombination mechanisms (Part X).

  • Early Brain Damage V1

    Research Orientations and Clinical Observations
    • 1st Edition
    • C.R. Almli
    • English
    Early Brain Damage, Volume 1: Research Orientations and Clinical Observations, is the first of two volumes that provide a comprehensive overview of the many facets of research on the topic of brain damage sustained early in life. The present volume features a collection of chapters oriented toward early brain damage in human clinical populations. It is organized into four parts. Part I presents research strategies and theoretical issues, such as intermodal compensation and evolutionary considerations, relating to early brain-damage phenomena. Part II presents research on animal models of infant neuropathological conditions such as hypoxia, fetal radiation, locomotor hyperactivity, and attentional disorders. Part III is concerned with short-term and long-term neurological effects of brain damage in children, including chapters on perinatal asphyxia, behavioral consequences of cerebral insult sustained during infancy, and correlates of early generalized brain dysfunction in children. Part IV presents chapters on cerebral lateralization and higher-order functions as they are altered by early brain damage. This book was written for researchers and professionals interested in the topic of brain damage, and especially those interested in the developmental brain-damage issues emanating from laboratory animal studies and human case reports.

  • Insect Biology in The Future

    VBW 80
    • 1st Edition
    • Michael Locke
    • English
    Insect Biology in the Future: ""VBW 80"" contains essays presented to Sir Vincent Wigglesworth during his 80th year. Wigglesworth is fairly designated as the founding father and remarkable leader of insect physiology. His papers and other works significantly contribute to this field of study. This book, dedicated to him, underlines the value of insect material in approaching a wide spectrum of biological issues. The essays in this book tackle the insects' physiology, including their evolution and dominance. The papers also discuss the various avenues of water loss and gain as interrelated components of overall water balance in land arthropods. This reference suggests possible areas for further research mainly at the whole animal level. It also describes the fat body, hemolymph, endocrine control of vitellogenin synthesis, reproduction, growth, hormones, chemistry, defense, and survival of insects. Other topics of importance include cell communication and pattern formation in insects; plant-insect interaction; and insecticides.

  • Plant Disease: An Advanced Treatise

    How Disease Is Managed
    • 1st Edition
    • James G. Horsfall
    • English
    Plant Disease, Volume I: How Disease is Managed is part of a five-volume treatise that discusses the sociology of plant pathology. This volume discusses the great variety of techniques for the diagnosis of plant disease; crop destruction; and theory behind the art of disease management. It also explores topics on how society is constraining the possibilities for management; management of diseases through changing the environment; biological control of plant diseases; weed management through pathogens; and the epidemiologic and genetic concepts of managing host genes. Subsequent chapter presents the management of plant disease with chemicals and some examples of diseases that benefit man and even a few that benefit plants. This book also describes the organization and operation of society-supported disease management activities, as well as important advisory services provided by the industry. This volume concludes with proposals for the education of the practitioners of plant pathology. This work is intended for the advanced researcher in plant pathology to broaden his views, stimulate his thinking, and help to synthesize ideas.

  • Laboratory primate handbook

    • 1st Edition
    • Robert A. Jr. Whitey
    • English
    Laboratory Primate Handbook deals with the proper care and handling, treatment, and transportation of nonhuman primates to be used as research subjects in a laboratory environment. It considers the protection of human and animal health, identification, procurement, and husbandry, as well as compliance with federal regulations. Organized into 10 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of living primates and their classification, followed by procurement and production for biomedical research purposes. It then discusses housing and care of primates; preventive medicine and public health programs aimed at minimizing the hazards that may arise from diseases transmissible between nonhuman primates and man; and restraint and special techniques, including anesthetics and pre-anesthetics. The book also covers nutrition for primates and prevention of nutritional diseases, as well as generalized infectious diseases; parasites that cause disease in primates; and collection of physiological data on primates. Finally, the book looks at federal regulations and policies governing the humane care and treatment of nonhuman primates used in research. This book will benefit biomedical researchers involved in laboratory studies of nonhuman primates.

  • Nonsegmented Negative Strand Viruses

    Paramyxoviruses and Rhabdoviruses
    • 1st Edition
    • David H.L. Bishop
    • English
    Nonsegmented Negative Strand Viruses: Paramyxoviruses and Rhabdoviruses consists of papers presented at the Fifth International Symposium on Negative Strand Viruses, held at Hilton Head, S.C., on September 11-17, 1983.This book specifically contains papers on negative strand virus families with nonsegmented genomes, paramyxoviruses and rhabdoviruses. This reference shows the advances in the research of the two virus families, paramyxoviruses and rhabdoviruses. It also illuminates the various stages in the strategy of negative strand virus infections, including adsorption, penetration, mRNA transcription, translation, RNA replication, morphogenesis, and virus release. The biology of virus infection and host response are also addressed.

  • Cell Physiology

    Molecular Dynamics
    • 1st Edition
    • Henry Tedeschi
    • English
    Cell Physiology: Molecular Dynamics focuses on the molecular aspects of cell physiology. It analyzes the functional and structural organization of the cell as a unit of inheritance and a biochemical transducer; the mechanisms of genetic transmission; the transcription and translation of the genetic message; the capture of energy in oxidative phosphorylation and photosynthesis; and the principle of semi-conservation in DNA duplication. Experiments illustrate the basic principles described in this book. Organized into three sections encompassing 19 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the cell as a system of compartments, and the possible functional significance of compartmentation. It then turns to a discussion of some of the processes involved in the functioning of the cell, the genetic control of cell function, the replication of DNA, and extrachromosomal inheritance. The reader is also introduced to interactions between organelles and the nucleus; differentiation and control of protein synthesis; the role of enzymes in the regulation of metabolism; and control of macromolecules in bacteria and in some mammalian tissues. The books also covers oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial organization; transport and permeability of the cell membrane; the role of specialized cells in the excitation and conduction of signals; and the molecular basis of mechanochemical coupling. This book is a valuable resource for undergraduate students with a basic knowledge of the biochemical and genetic approaches to biology.

  • Concepts in Radiation Cell Biology

    • 1st Edition
    • Gary Whitson
    • English
    Concepts in Radiation Cell Biology summarizes current concepts related to the effects of radiation on cell biology, with emphasis on the underlying macromolecular basis for cellular changes in irradiated cells. It explores the effects of non-ionizing radiation, such as ultraviolet and visible light; the use of laser light in cellular studies; and the biological effects of ionizing radiation on cells. Results of ultraviolet studies implicating DNA as the main target macromolecule responsible for radiation injury, such as division delays, lethality, and delayed DNA replication, are presented. Divided into eight chapters, this volume begins with an overview of ultraviolet irradiation of DNA as well as the physical and biological properties of irradiated DNA. It then discusses methods used in the photoinactivation of viruses; the effects of ultraviolet radiation on bacteria; radiation-induced biochemical changes in protozoa; and techniques for the analysis of radiation-induced mitotic delay in synchronously dividing sea urchin eggs. The book also covers the effects of radiation on mammalian cells; the effects of ionizing radiation on higher plants; and the photodynamic effects of laser light on cells. This book is a valuable resource for cell biologists, as well as students and investigators who are seeking the necessary information for further experimentation in radiation cell biology.

  • Mammalian Olfaction, Reproductive Processes, and Behavior

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard Doty
    • English
    Mammalian Olfaction, Reproductive Processes, and Behavior presents the conceptual, methodological, and empirical advances in the study of the complex interactions between nasal chemoreception, sexual behavior, and endocrine function in mammals. It focuses on the orders Artiodactyla, Perissodactyla, Carnivora, Rodentia, and Primates. The book describes techniques for producing anosmia in laboratory animals and the usefulness of the popular pheromone concept in describing chemosensory influences on mammalian behavior and endocrinology. It also reviews studies examining reproductive endocrine-olfactory interactions in humans. Moreover, the book discusses the anatomy, physiology, and development of the olfactory and vomeronasal systems. This book is invaluable to anatomists, endocrinologists, mammalogists, physiologists, psychologists, and zoologists not only as a source book, but as a textbook on chemosensation as well.

  • Methods in Plant Biochemistry Volume 1

    • 1st Edition
    • P. M. Dey
    • English
    Methods in Plant Biochemistry, Volume 1: Plant Phenolics reviews current knowledge about techniques used in the analysis of the biochemistry of plant polyphenols and their importance in the agricultural and food industries. It looks at the application of these techniques in the fractionation of cellular constituents, isolation of enzymes, electrophoretic separation of nucleic acids and proteins, and chromatographic identification of the intermediates and products of cellular metabolism. Organized into 15 chapters, this book opens with an overview of the general procedures and measurement of total phenolics, from detecting phenolic substances in crude plant extracts to determining which classes they belong to and the quantitative estimation of total phenol. The reader is introduced to the chemistry, structural variation, function, and distribution of each class of plant phenolics and, in a few cases where this is practicable, detailed listings of known derivatives are given. Most chapters focus on chromatographic separations and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), along with thin layer and paper Rf values with HPLC retention times and NMR spectroscopy. The book also outlines the procedures for the extraction, isolation, separation, and characterization of different classes of phenolic compounds, ranging from phenols and phenolic acids to phenylpropanoids, lignins, stilbenes and phenanthrenes, flavones and flavonols, chalcones and aurones, flavanoids, anthocyanins, biflavanoids, tannins, isoflavanoids, quinones, xanthones, and lichen substances. The book is a valuable resource for students, biochemists, and researchers in the plant sciences.

  • Basic Techniques For Transmission Electron Microscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • M.A. (Eric) Hayat
    • English
    Basic Techniques for Transmission Electron Microscopy describes the basic techniques for transmission electron microscopy. Preparatory procedures for both eukaryotic and prokaryotic groups are presented in a step-by-step fashion, together with special preparatory methods for plant specimens and viruses. The processing of uncommon specimens and the solution of unusual, individual problems are included. This book is comprised of seven chapters and begins with a discussion on chemical fixation, with particular reference to fixatives and the hazards, precautions, and safe handling of reagents, as well as the preparation of buffers and tissue blocks. The reader is then introduced to the standard procedure for fixation, rinsing, dehydration, and embedding. Subsequent chapters focus on sectioning, cryofixation, and cryoultramicrotomy; positive and negative staining; and the use of support films. The final chapter presents a wide variety of specimens such as algae, amoeba, anthers, actin filaments, bacteria, and cells in culture. This monograph is essentially a laboratory handbook intended for students, technicians, teachers, and research scientists in biology and medicine.

  • Morphological Considerations

    • 1st Edition
    • Peter K.T. Pang
    • English
    Vertebrate Endocrinology: Fundamentals and Biomedical Implications, Volume 1: Morphological Considerations provides information pertinent to vertebrate endocrine systems, which has significant contributions to basic biological and biomedical research. This book discusses the practical implications of the endocrinological studies. Organized into 15 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the endocrine process in lower vertebrates, which has provided basic information about the understanding of mammalian and human systems. This text then discusses the pituitary gland, which is considered to be functionally and structurally the most complex organ of the endocrine system. Other chapters consider the function of the pineal organ as a sensory organ capable of perceiving light stimuli in poikilothermic vertebrates. This book discusses as well the caudal neurosecretory system in lampreys, hagfish, holocephalans, and dipnoans. The final chapter provides the comparative morphology of the classical vertebrate endocrine organs. Endocrinologists, biologists, graduate students, and researchers will find this book useful.

  • Effects of Noise On Wildlife

    • 1st Edition
    • John Fletcher
    • English
    Effects of Noise on Wildlife emerged from the Symposium on the Effects of Noise on Wildlife, organized by ICA-WG4 as part of the 9th International Congress on Acoustics in Madrid, Spain, July 4-9, 1977. The book begins by examining some popular and relatively well-known aspects of animal behavior in relation to noise. This is followed by separate chapters on the physiological responses of large domestic animals to various sound environments; the effects of sonic booms on native fauna; wildlife-powerline interactions; the effects of transmission line audible noise on wildlife; and the effects of acoustical noise on selected marine biological systems. Subsequent chapters deal with the effects of noise stress on gestating female mice and the environmental impact of noisy activities on wildlife. The book concludes with a discussion of the impact of existing noise-related policy on animals and government and public policy needs. This book is intended for readers in administrative services and agencies responsible for nature protection.

  • The Hormones V2

    Physiology, Chemistry and Applications
    • 1st Edition
    • Mohhamad Reza Kiani
    • English
    The Hormones: Physiology, Chemistry and Applications, Volume II covers the chemistry, physiology, and clinical applications of the mammalian endocrinology. This volume contains 10 chapters, and begins with discussions on the physiology and the role of ovarian hormones and androgens on vital processes. The subsequent chapters explore the biochemistry, physiology, and metabolism of specific secreted hormones, such as adrenal cortex, thyroid, and posterior pituitary hormones, and gonadotrophins. Other chapters deal also with the chemical control of nervous activity of acetylcholine, adrenaline, sympathin, and neurohormones. The concluding chapter focuses on the clinical applications of the covered hormones and their role in mammalian growth. This book is an invaluable source for mammalian endocrinologists, physiologists, biochemists, and researchers who are interested in mammalian development.

  • Nocturnal Malagasy primates

    Ecology, Physiology, and Behavior
    • 1st Edition
    • P. Charles-Dominique
    • English
    Nocturnal Malagasy Primates: Ecology, Physiology, and Behavior is composed of different studies investigating the “strategies” adopted by lesser known nocturnal species of Marosalaza forest to cope with the contrasted seasonal conditions. In general, it defines the relationship between ecology and physiology of these species. The book is divided into two parts. The first part is comprised of five chapters detailing field studies conducted during the seven successive and overlapping field trips, from November 1973 to July 1974. This part is focused on dietary adaptations,growth and reproductive cycles, activity rhythms, social structures, and interspecific competition in five sympatric prosimian species. The second part is also comprised of five chapters, but describes the laboratory studies conducted at Brunoy in simulated climatic conditions. It centerson the relationshipsand comparisons between species of annual variations in feeding,body weight, activity, and reproduction, with supplementary investigations of social interactions, marking,and learning abilities. Altogether, the field and laboratory studies presented in this book constitute a comprehensive approach to elucidate the problem of ecophysiology.

  • Developmental Regulation

    Aspects of Cell Differentiation
    • 1st Edition
    • Stuart Coward
    • English
    Developmental Regulation: Aspects of Cell Differentiation draws together some studies which are directed toward the orderly changes in cell phenotypes that are understood to be developmental in nature. Organized into nine chapters, the book begins with a concise overview of the studies on molecular synthesis during early development. It then addresses the developmental regulation in cotton seed embryogenesis and germination; relation of hormonal regulation to the possible control of RNA and protein biosynthesis; transitions in differentiation by the cellular slime molds; and interrelationships of genes, enzymes, structures, and phenotypes in morphogenesis. It also explains the colony differentiation in green algae; cytology of developing vertebrate skeletal muscle; some comparative aspects of cardiac and skeletal myogenesis; and differentiation of cartilage in the limb.

  • Chromosome Engineering in Plants

    Genetics, Breeding, Evolution
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 2B
    • P.K. Gupta + 1 more
    • English
    This two-volume work surveys the entire range of general aspects of chromosome research in plants. The first volume covers cytogenetics of cereals and millets with more than one chapter being devoted to the same crop to give a detailed treatment to an up-to-date status of chromosome research. This second volume deals with cytogenetics of plant materials including legumes, vegetable and oil crops, sugar crops, forage crops: fibre crops, medicinal crops and ornamentals. The book will be useful both as a reference work and a teaching aid to satisfy a wide range of workers. Every chapter has been written by an expert who has been involved in chromosome research on a particular plant material for many years so that the treatment is authoritative and up-to-date in most cases.

  • Natural Proteinase Inhibitors

    • 1st Edition
    • Rosmarie Vogel
    • English
    Natural Proteinase Inhibitors focuses on natural inhibitors for proteolytic enzymes, which occur in plants and animals. It presents the theoretical and practical importance of the natural proteinase inhibitors of man and animal organisms. Organized into four chapters, this book starts with an overview of inhibitors for peptide and peptdohydrolases. This text then explores the important enzyme called kallikreins, which are found in the pancreas, the intestinal wall, the plasma, the submandibular gland, and the urine. Other chapters examine the various plant inhibitors, which are present in soybean, lima beans, potatoes, grains, and beetroots. This book discusses as well the inhibition of proteolytic enzymes by substances from body tissues. The final chapter deals with the prevention of uncontrolled liberation of kinins by proteinases, which is of great significance because the kinins are involved in the occurrence of pathological processes such as inflammation. Biologists and graduate students will find this book extremely useful.

  • Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry V4

    With Applications and Interpretations
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony Albanese
    • English
    Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry: With Applications and Interpretations, Volume IV, presents discussions and reviews of principles and procedures of nutritional biochemistry which have been developed for assays of nutritive quality of foods. Comprised of six chapters, this book describes determinations of dietary needs of fats, vitamins, and amino acids which fail to apply the long-known ""Law of Diminishing Returns"" to the experimental data. It examines the correlation of urinary metabolites with dietary conditions from the point of view of the dynamic state of metabolism. The book also discusses analytical methods for determining plasma amino acids and their application to nutritional problems of young children; laboratory methods for evaluating changes in protein quality; optimal nutrition for the aged and basic mechanisms of biological aging; and advances in instrumentation and methodology and their application in resolving biological and nutritional problems.

  • Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry V5

    With Applications and Interpretations
    • 1st Edition
    • Anthony Albanese
    • English
    Newer Methods of Nutritional Biochemistry: With Applications and Interpretations, Volume V, presents discussions and reviews of procedures that may have a significant impact on the future progress of the science of nutrition. Comprised of seven chapters, this book discusses the nutritional and metabolic aspects of circadian rhythms; the relationship of amino acid requirements in terms of amino acid composition and availability from various food sources; and the characteristics of protein-calorie malnutrition. It also describes methods, biochemical mechanisms, and dietary factors that influence the metabolic conversion of dietary carbohydrates into lipid moieties. The book examines the influence of nutritional factors on ribosomal dynamics and discusses the isolation, physical, and biochemical characteristics of proteinase inhibitors found in soy and lima beans and other edible vegetable seeds. A novel method for determining the biological value of protein foodstuffs is also included. This book will be a valuable resource for graduate students and investigators in nutrition and other life sciences.

  • Some Biological Techniques in Electron Microscopy

    • 1st Edition
    • D.F. Parsons
    • English
    Some Biological Techniques in Electron Microscopy discusses the problems that hinder or prevent progress in biological electron microscopy. This book explores the great potential of electron microscope for solving several pressing medical and biological research problems. Organized into five chapters, this book starts with an overview of the primary goal of biological electron microscopy, which is the visualization of atoms in biological molecules and structures. This text proceeds with a discussion of the freezing methods of electron microscopy in which some of the artifacts producing steps of environmental techniques are eliminated. Other chapters consider the objective of electron microscopy to resolve successively small objects, in the limiting instance, single atoms in amorphous structures. The final chapter deals with processing tissues for electron microscopy wherein temperature, agitation, pressure, and humidity can be controlled throughout the operation. Biologists, biophysicists, physicists, electron microscopists, and medical researchers will find this book extremely useful.

  • Comparative Biochemistry V6

    A Comprehensive Treatise
    • 1st Edition
    • Marcel Florkin
    • English
    Comparative Biochemistry: A Comprehensive Treatise, Volume VI: Cells and Organisms focuses on the complex composition of cells and organisms. The book opens with discussions on the biochemistry of morphogenesis. Bacterial germination and sporulation; seed germination; egg development of sea urchins; sporulation of cellular slime mold; and amphibian differentiation are described. The volume looks at the comparative aspects of metabolic control, biochemical basis of chemical needs, biochemistry of insect metamorphosis, and hormones in invertebrates. The text also highlights the presence of protein hormones in vertebrates. The differences between neurohypophyseal and melanocorticotropic hormones are identified. The book ends with discussions on the comparative biochemistry of digestive mechanisms and detoxication. Digestion in special physiological and systematic groups of vertebrates, carnivorous plants, and invertebrates; detoxication and adoption of terrestrial habitat; and the developmental aspects of detoxication are discussed. The book is a good source of data for readers wanting to explore the complex composition of organisms and cells.

  • Viruses and Environment

    • 1st Edition
    • Edouard Kurstak
    • English
    Viruses and Environment contains the proceedings of the Third International Conference on Comparative Virology, held at Mont Gabriel, Quebec, Canada on May 1977. The primary focus of the conference is the ecology of viruses, that is, the interrelationships between organisms and their environment. Organized into seven parts with a total of 33 chapters, this book centers on the impact of viruses on the environment; the persistent virus infections of man, vertebrate and invertebrate animals, and plants; and the smallest disease agents, the viroids. In particular, this book describes the reservoirs of viruses, such as arthropod vectors, water, cultivated plants, and wild animals; safety considerations concerning the use of live virus vaccines; and the viral insecticides. The use of bacterial viruses in genetic engineering is also addressed. This treatise will be valuable to research workers in medical and biomedical fields; biological control; and animal and plant quarantine. It will also benefit the university teachers and graduate students.

  • Molecular Biology

    A Selection of Papers
    • 1st Edition
    • Sydney Brenner
    • English
    Founded in 1959, by John Kendrew, the Journal of Molecular Biology was the first journal devoted to this new and revolutionary science. To celebrate the thirtieth anniversary of the Journal, the current editor, Sydney Brenner, has selected a number of papers from the first hundred volumes. They include the seminal papers on genetic regulation by Jacob and Monod and on allostery by Monod, Changeux and Jacob. Also included are many important papers on structural biology and molecular genetics and papers reflecting the initial developments in DNA cloning and sequencing.Of value to all biologists with an interest in the molecular basis of living systems, the book is a personal selection by the Editor. Readers are encouraged to compare it with their own choice from the Journal of Molecular Biology.

  • The Mycoplasmas V2

    Human and Animal Mycoplasmas
    • 1st Edition
    • J Tully
    • English
    The Mycoplasmas, Volume II: Human and Animal Mycoplasmas is a volume of a comprehensive three-volume series encompassing various facets of mycoplasmology. This volume deals with host-parasite relationships of mycoplasmas in man and animals, with emphasis on recent developments in the study of classical mycoplasmal diseases of animals, such as cattle, sheep, goats, swine, and chickens. This volume shows the knowledge about mycoplasmal diseases of man, including those involving the respiratory and genitourinary tracts. Detailed information on the humoral and cellular immune responses to mycoplasmas,which are assuming an ever-increasing significance in the understandingof the pathogenesis of human and animal mycoplasmal diseases, is also given. This book ends with reviews on mycoplasmas as arthritogenic agents and the interaction of mycoplasmas with cell andorgan cultures. This book will serve as a standard reference work for mycoplasmologists, as well as for other interested microbiologists, cellular and molecular biologists, membrane biochemists, clinicians, veterinarians, plant pathologists, and entomologists.

  • Modification of Lipid Metabolism

    • 1st Edition
    • Edward G. Perkins
    • English
    Modification of Lipid Metabolism is a collection of proceedings presented at the Symposium on Modification of Lipid Metabolism, held during the American Chemical Society meeting in Atlantic City, New Jersey, on September 10-11, 1974. The symposium provided a forum for discussing advances in the modification of lipid metabolism and tackled topics ranging from the effect of dietary rapeseed oil on cardiac tissue to inborn errors of lipid metabolism and lysosomal storage disorders. Comprised of 10 chapters, this book begins with an overview of advances in the composition, structure, and functions of lipids in metabolic pathways, followed by a discussion on the effect of dietary rapeseed oil on cardiac tissue. The reader is then introduced to genetic lipid storage diseases, along with their diagnosis and treatment. Viral modification of cell surface glycosphingolipids as an important factor in contact inhibition of cell growth and division is also examined. Subsequent chapters deal with different approaches to the problem of obesity, dietary regulation of lipid storage and the use of a metabolic inhibitor to reduce lipid storage; the importance of perinatal nutrition; factors in the environment that may effect tissue lipids and their metabolism; and phase transitions in membranes and the effect of temperature changes on changes in lipids and proteins of membranes. This monograph should be of interest to practitioners in the fields of biology, biochemistry, and food science and nutrition.

  • Germfree Research

    Biological Effect of Gnotobiotic Environments
    • 1st Edition
    • James Heneghan
    • English
    Germfree Research: Biological Effect of Gnotobiotic Environments is an account of the Proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Germfree Research. The volume comprises of 12 sections and 97 chapters. The first two sections serve as introduction to the status of germfree research as an approach to micro-ecology and gnotobiotic technology in clinical medicine. Another aspect discussed in the book deals with nutrition, metabolism, and microbiology. The last section provides a thorough and detailed discussion on gnotobiotic technology. Large part of the book focuses on gnotobiotic environments and its different aspects. Topics discussed include gnotobiotic environment on isolated patients and in dentistry and parasitology, as well as carcinogenesis in and physiological effects of gnotobiotic environments. The book is a very valuable source of information for many students and professionals in the fields of clinical medicine, biology, microbiology, nutritional science, and biochemistry.

  • Comparative Nutrition Of Man and Domestic Animals

    • 1st Edition
    • H Mitchell
    • English
    Comparative Nutrition of Man and Domestic Animals, Volume I discusses practical phases in the evaluation of the nutrient requirements of man and his domesticated animals and the factors that modify these quanta. This book also covers various nutrients' biochemical nature, functions, and participation in the energy transactions of the body. Organized into 11 chapters, the book initially discusses the principles of the basal metabolism and the activity increment and their role in evaluating maintenance requirement of human and animal for energy. The subsequent chapter focuses on the maintenance requirement of protein under stress and non-stress conditions. Other chapters discuss nutrient requirements for maintenance, such as water and minerals. The book also examines the nutrient requirements for muscle activities, growth, senescence, reproduction, and lactation. A discussion on the storage of nutritive material, such as water, protein, minerals, vitamins, and energy, is included. This volume is an invaluable source for organic chemists, biochemists, animal physiologists, zoologists, and nutritionists.

  • Ecology of Tropical Oceans

    • 1st Edition
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English
    This book breaks new ground with the integration of geography, oceanography, plankton and benthic biology, as well as fish, to present a comprehensive account of the ecology of the tropical ocean. Proceeding from a description of the geomorphology, sediments, and vegetation of tropical continental shelves and the oceanography of tropical regions, the authors describe the benthos, plankton, and fish communities of tropical seas. An examination of the production of plant and animal life in tropical oceans is presented together with the numerical population biology of fish and invertebrates.

  • Molecular Cytology V1

    The Cell Cycle
    • 1st Edition
    • Jean Brachet
    • English
    Molecular Cytology presents an integrated version about the morphology and biochemistry of the cell. This two-volume book focuses on the dynamic aspects of cytology and on the nucleocytoplasmic interactions in unicellular organisms and eggs. The first chapter covers the history of cell, cytology, and nucleic acids, as well as the uniformity and diversity in cell. The book then discusses various methods used in cell biology, including optical, cytochemical, biological, biochemical, and biophysical techniques. It also examines the activities of cytoplasm and nucleus during interphase. The final chapter describes various phases of the cell cycle, the structure of metaphase chromosomes, the molecular organization of the mitotic apparatus, and the cytokinesis, with emphasis on the main mitotic abnormalities. With the aim of linking the morphology and biochemistry of the cell, this book is intended for advanced students, research workers, biochemists, and cytologists who wish to broaden their knowledge in cell.

  • Cell Biology A Comprehensive Treatise V2

    The Structure and Replication of Genetic Material
    • 1st Edition
    • David M. Prescott
    • English
    Cell Biology, A Comprehensive Treatise, Volume 2: The Structure and Replication of Genetic Material is mainly about the structure and replication of genetic material in both the nucleus and cytoplasmic organelles. This volume is part of the first four volumes that establish a firm foundation regarding issues of cell structure and function. These issues include cell reproduction, differentiation, and cell-to-cell interactions. This book is divided into nine chapters. Each chapter deals extensively with chromosomes – its physical, genetic, and chemical structures. In addition, this book explains the replication of chromosomes in terms of the cell cycle, as well as their coding capacity. It also discusses the functional organization (structure and levels) of the chromosomes. The concluding chapters present the DNA replication molecular principles and enzymatic machinery. Furthermore, this book explains DNA repair and its relationship to various biological endpoints. The authors of this book reasonably explain and emphasize already established facts and concepts in terms that are relatively easy to understand. Undergraduate and graduate students, teachers, researchers, scientists, and others interested or in need of information regarding cell biology will find this book of great use.

  • The Importance of laboratory animal genetics Health, and the Environment in Biomedical Research

    • 1st Edition
    • Edward C. Jr. Melby
    • English
    The Importance of Laboratory Animal Genetics, Health, and the Environment in Biomedical Research documents the proceedings of the Fifth Charles River International Symposium on Laboratory Animals, in Heidelberg, Federal Republic of Germany, March 14-16, 1983. These papers examine how the health and genetic monitoring of laboratory animals, coupled with environmental influences, affect the investigations of oncologists, toxicologists, or pharmacologists. The book is organized into four parts. Part I focuses on the health monitoring of laboratory animals for biomedical research. It includes studies on the effects of health and health monitoring in toxicology studies, oncology studies, and pharmacologic studies. Part II deals with the genetic monitoring of laboratory animals. It examines the causes of genetic alternation in laboratory animals and ways to prevent them. Part III considers the environmental monitoring that is necessary for research on laboratory animals. Part IV on new research frontiers includes studies on the production of monoclonal antibodies for the experimental and therapeutic modulation of laboratory animals, and the quality control aspects of animal experimentation.

  • Spore Research 1976 V2

    • 1st Edition
    • A.N. Barker
    • English
    Spore Research 1976, Volume II presents some of the papers reported at the meeting of British Spore Group held at the University of Leeds in December 1975. Organized into four headings, this volume focuses on aspects of heat and radiation resistance, germination, outgrowth, taxonomy, and ecology of spore formers. Specific discussions are given on the role of osmoregulation in the heat resistance, radiobiological evidence for the existence of dehydrated core in bacterial spores, some ecological implications of the diversity of spore-forming bacteria, and other topics relating to a specific spore former.

  • Insect Pathology V2

    An Advanced Treatise
    • 1st Edition
    • Edward Steinhaus
    • English
    Insect Pathology: An Advanced Treatise, Volume 2 reviews the significant progress that has been made in insect pathology, as well as the major research trends in the field. This book is concerned with bacterial, fungus, protozoan, and parasitic diseases, along with the epizootiology of infectious diseases, diagnosis, methodology, and microbial control. Organized into 17 chapters, this volume begins with a brief consideration of the taxonomy of entomogenous bacteria, including common problems of bacterial taxonomy as a whole. The book then discusses diseases caused by certain spore-forming bacteria, such as clostridial pathogens and pathogens of the genus Bacillus. The text also explains milky diseases and their development within the insect host; nonsporulating bacterial pathogens that cause diseases in insects; and infections caused by Coelomomyces and Entomophthorales. The book also introduces the reader to insect diseases caused by hyphomycetous Fungi Imperfecti (Deuteromycetes) not usually associated in nature with a perfect stage, diseases associated with Cordyceps, and infections attributed to parasites belonging to the group Sporozoa. This book is essential reading for entomologists.

  • Introduction to Crop Husbandry

    Including Grassland
    • 6th Edition
    • J. A. R. Lockhart + 1 more
    • English
    Since 1983, when the last edition was published, there have been important new developments in crop husbandry methods as well as an increasing awareness of political and ecological pressures. These pressures have resulted in considerable changes in crop husbandry and the new edition reflects these changes by updating all chapters and by including new sections on combinable crops, organic farming and nitrogen leaching. As in previous editions this book presents all the modern crop production methods in a comprehensive and easily understood manner. As such it should continue to be the standard textbook for all crop husbandry syllabi at all levels of agricultural teaching.

  • Amphibian Cytogenetics and Evolution

    • 1st Edition
    • David M. Green + 1 more
    • English
    This book appears at a time when molecular cytogenetics is positioned to make a significant impact upon evolutionary studies, enabling problems of chromosomal structure and change to be critically assessed. It is an up-to-date and comprehensive survey of the cytogenetics of a major class of animals, including all three amphibian orders, with chapters authored by international leaders in the field.Amphibian Cytogenetics and Evolution will be of interest to classical and molecular cytogeneticists, systematicists, evolutionary biologists, herpetologists, and anyone using amphibians in genetic research.

  • Molecular Architecture of Proteins and Enzymes

    • 1st Edition
    • Ralph Bradshaw
    • English
    Molecular Architecture of Proteins and Enzymes contains the proceedings of the 1983 U.S.-China Conference on Proteins in Biology and Medicine, held in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. The papers focus on the molecular structure and function of proteins and enzymes in biology and medicine and cover topics ranging from the use of nuclear magnetic resonance in investigating the protein structure to regulation of the biological process and the structure and function relationships of blood proteins. Organized into three sections encompassing 18 chapters, this compilation begins with an overview of three serum proteins: alpha-2 macroglobulin and complement components C3 and C4. It then discusses the irreversible modification of enzyme activity, three-dimensional structures of scorpion neurotoxins, crystallographic studies on insulin and its analogs, peptide-receptor interactions that regulate cell proliferation, and molecular structure of plasma protease inhibitor genes in humans. It also explains the polymorphism of some serum proteins in the Chinese population and a new thrombin-dependent anticoagulant pathway. The book concludes with a chapter on antithromboplastin from Agkistrodon halys (Pallas) venom and its effects on the blood coagulation system. This book is a valuable source of information for biochemists, microbiologists, molecular biologists, and biophysicists.

  • Principles of Biological Regulation

    An Introduction to Feedback Systems
    • 1st Edition
    • Richard Jones
    • English
    Principles of Biological Regulation: An Introduction to Feedback Systems presents some understanding of control, regulatory, and feedback mechanisms in biological systems. This book discusses concepts related to the dynamic behavior of both individual biological processes and systems of processes that make up an organism. Comprised of 10 chapters, the book also describes the characteristics of biological feedback systems, focusing on the physical concepts. After briefly dealing with involved regulatory processes in biological systems, the book goes on discussing the flow or transport of material through a series of processes in the steady-state. Next chapter uses superposition principle to explain the changes that biological systems undergo following a disturbance or under dynamic behavior. The subsequent chapters cover the fundamental principles of negative biological feedback and to the effects it produces both under steady-state and dynamic behavior. Other chapters describe the effect of sinusoid signals on biological processes and present some stability criteria applied to technological systems and also their value in the study of homeostatic processes. The book also discusses some aspects of homeostats that seem to distinguish them from technological feedback systems. These features include not only the components themselves and their organization, but also the experimental problems involved in their study. The concluding chapters describe nonlinear behavior with great relevance to homeostatic systems and rate processes (production or destruction) for which the roles of stimulus and initial conditions are different. Mathematical relations developed from the conservation of mass and the mass action for chemical reactions are also presented. The book is an invaluable resource for life scientists and researchers.

  • Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition

    • 1st Edition
    • E Underwood
    • English
    Trace Elements in Human and Animal Nutrition focuses on trace elements and their nutritional significance to humans and domestic animals. The trace elements covered include copper, molybdenum, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, manganese, iodine, fluorine, selenium, aluminum, arsenic, barium, strontium, boron, bromine, silicon, and vanadium. This book is organized into 13 chapters and begins with an overview of the trace element concept, the mode of action of trace elements, and the use of spectrochemical methods for the detection and estimation of t ace metals in biological materials. The next chapters explore in more detail the importance of trace elements in human and animal nutrition, touching on topics such as absorption and excretion in the body, deficiency, and toxicity. The book concludes by discussing the interrelationships between plants, man and his domestic animals, and the soil, with emphasis on the link between trace element deficiencies and health. An account of factors influencing the trace element contents of plants is also given. Finally, qualitative and quantitative differences in the trace element requirements of plants and animals are described. This book is intended for nutritionists and those who plan to specialize in nutrition.

  • The Reproduction of Vertebrates

    • 1st Edition
    • Richard Sadleir
    • English
    The Reproduction of Vertebrates describes the vertebrate reproductive systems in an evolutionary sequence and according to taxonomic classes. This book is divided into seven chapters; each chapter tackles a specific vertebrate class. This text specifically considers fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds, mammals, and man. Discussions in each chapter include these species’ evolutionary history, classification, external indications of sex, mating, fertilization, development, endocrinology, breeding seasons, sexual maturation, migration, response to environmental factors, and economic importance. The concluding chapter presents the comparative aspects of reproduction of these vertebrates. This text is of great value to teachers and students who are interested in the vertebrate reproductive system.

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