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Elsevier

Elsevier Science

  • Harmonization of Leaching/Extraction Tests

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 70
    • L. Heasman + 2 more
    • English
    This is a unique compilation on the use of leaching/extraction methods in different fields. The use of leaching test methods is increasing in various areas including: waste treatment and disposal; incineration of waste; soil clean-up and reuse of cleaned soil; sludge treatment. This has led to (and may increasingly lead to) the development of a large number of very similar tests in these different fields. However, these developments are taking place with no clear understanding of their mutual relationships. In view of these developments, efforts are needed to harmonize the leaching procedures that could be adapted for different matrices, as well as validate the use of existing tests in other fields. The development of a wide variety of leaching/extraction tests for different matrices is undesirable from a regulatory point of view and undesirable for industry. Clarity in testing is crucial in producer-consumer relations. This collective document will assist in improving the understanding of leaching from a variety of sources and will, where appropriate, help to bring together the approaches used in different technical fields and in different countries.

  • Fluid Mechanics of Viscoelasticity

    General Principles, Constitutive Modelling, Analytical and Numerical Techniques
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 6
    • R.R. Huilgol + 1 more
    • English
    The areas of suspension mechanics, stability and computational rheology have exploded in scope and substance in the last decade. The present book is one of the first of a comprehensive nature to treat these topics in detail. The aim of the authors has been to highlight the major discoveries and to present a number of them in sufficient breadth and depth so that the novice can learn from the examples chosen, and the expert can use them as a reference when necessary.The first two chapters, grouped under the category General Principles, deal with the kinematics of continuous media and the balance laws of mechanics, including the existence of the stress tensor and extensions of the laws of vector analysis to domains bounded by fractal curves or surfaces. The third and fourth chapters, under the heading Constitutive Modelling, present the tools necessary to formulate constitutive equations from the continuum or the microstructural approach. The last three chapters, under the caption Analytical and Numerical Techniques, contain most of the important results in the domain of the fluid mechanics of viscoelasticity, and form the core of the book.A number of topics of interest have not yet been developed to a theoretical level from which applications can be made in a routine manner. However, the authors have included these topics to make the reader aware of the state of affairs so that research into these matters can be carried out. For example, the sections which deal with domains bounded by fractal curves or surfaces show that the existence of a stress tensor in such regions is still open to question. Similarly, the constitutive modelling of suspensions, especially at high volume concentrations, with the corresponding particle migration from high to low shear regions is still very sketchy.

  • The Cerebellum: From Structure to Control

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 114
    • C.I. De Zeeuw + 2 more
    • English
    Many of the cerebellar scientists of the established generation have contributed substantially to the quality of this issue. In addition, the book is marked by chapters from the coming generations of scientists who will determine the direction of cerebellar research for the next century. As in other fields of neuroscience, this research will be dominated by molecular neurobiology and new functional imaging techniques. Altogether, the book is pluriform and unique in that it is multidisciplinary, in that it promotes different views on cerebellar function, and that it is being published on the verge of different era's dominated by different generations of cerebellar scientists. The wealth of new information and ideas contained in these important papers will stimulate even more intensive research in the twenty-first century leading to a greater understanding of cerebellar function(s).

  • Striped Bass and Other Morone Culture

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 30
    • R.M. Harrell
    • English
    This book is an up-to-date discussion of the culture of striped bass and other Morone spp. The subject matter is broken down into functional components of the spawning, husbandry, and economics of the industry, and is written by some of the leading scientists in each of the respective areas of discussion. The chapters on reproduction, nutrition, environmental requirements, transportation, economics and fish processing are not found anywhere else in the striped bass literature. The chapter on water quality takes a very non-traditional approach to considering the impact water quality has on the production success of Morone and offers some very thought-provoking ideas on water management.Primarily written as a reference work, this book is intended to complement existing technique manuals.

  • Robust Inference

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 15
    • Bozzano G Luisa
    • English

  • Further Milestones in Biochemistry

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 3
    • M.G. Ord + 1 more
    • English
    The contributors to this text, who are all biochemists who worked during the 1950s and 60s, describe what appears to them to be the conceptually significant developments in biochemistry since the mid 1950s and how these were achieved. Their aim is to make their subjects intelligible to other scientists not expert in their field.

  • Systems, Part A

    • 1st Edition
    • C. Bondy + 1 more
    • English
    This volume deals with some of the multiple systems that growth factors and cytokines affect. The role of growth factors and cytokines on foetal development, in the immune and haemopoietic systems as well as in the skeletal and reproductive systems are covered. Various cancers are examined in a number of the chapters. This is the third and concluding volume of the treatise on growth factors and cytokines in health and disease.

  • The Synapse: In Development, Health, and Disease

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 2
    • B.W. Festoff + 2 more
    • English
    This volume came out of discussions with Professeur Michel Fardeau my long-time colleague in Paris and now Directeur of the Institut de Myologie at the Hopital Pitie-Salpetriere there, and Professeur Emeritus Rene Couteaux, Universite de Paris VI. During my sabbatical year 1994-95, as Professeur de L'Academie des Sciences and Chaire Elf Aquitaine in Paris, Professeur Couteaux and I had a number of discussions, centering on the development of the field of synaptology from his perspective as one who had experienced many of the significant advances during his active professional career. Following these discussions, my colleagues, Daniel Hantai in Paris, and Bruce Citron in Kansas City, and I began to contact scientists in various areas of current synapse research. The result in this volume which seeks to incorporate studies in development, maintenance, and disease states. The foreword by Professeur Couteaux is a remarkable personal journey through the beginnings of this field up to the present day. Professeur Couteaux has continued to be active in his own research on the neuromuscular synapse to this day.

  • Membranes and Cell Signaling

    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 7
    • Edward Bittar
    • English
    It should not come as too much of a surprise that biological membranes are considerably more complex than lipid bilayers. This has been made quite clear by the fluid-mosaic model which considers the cell membrane as a two-dimensional solution of a mosaic of integral membrane proteins and glycoproteins firmly embedded in a fluid lipid bilayer matrix. Such a model has several virtues, chief among which is that it allows membrane components to diffuse in the plane of the membrane and orient asymmetrically across the membrane. The model is also remarkable since it provokes the right sort of questions. Two such examples are: Does membrane fluidity influence enzyme activity? Does cholesterol regulate fluidity? However, it does not go far enough. As it turns out, there is now another version of this model, the so-called post-fluid mosaic model which incorporates two concepts, namely the existence in the membrane of discrete domains in which specific lipid-lipid, lipid-protein and protein-protein interactions occur and ordered regions that are in motion but remain separate from less ordered regions. We must admit that both are intriguing problems and of importance in guiding our thinking as to what the next model might be.We have chosen not to include the subject of membrane transport in the present volume. This obviously represents a break with convention. However, the intention is to have the topic covered subsequent volumes relating to organ systems. It would be right to regard this as an attempt to strengthen the integrated approach to the teaching of medicine.

  • Acid Atmospheric Deposition and its Effects on Terrestrial Ecosystems in The Netherlands

    The Third and Final Phase (1991-1995)
    • 1st Edition
    • Volume 69
    • G.J. Heij + 1 more
    • English
    The book begins with an overview of the research topics which were addressed in the three different phases of the Dutch Priority Program on Acidification (DPPA), executed between 1985 and 1994. This chapter is followed by a chapter which deals with the emissions of acidifying substances, the concentrations and the deposition to forest and nature conservation areas. Prognoses are given for the acid deposition in 2000 and 2010; the deposition in the countries surrounding the Netherlands is also mentioned. The differences in the results of the DPPA-II are analysed.The third chapter deals with the effects of exposure and load on forests. The chapter moves from small-scale to large-scale: first the effects in laboratory-scale studies are described, then the effects in the field, both at stand level and on a regional scale. In addition, the critical thresholds (critical level of concentration and critical load of deposition) are discussed.The fourth chapter covers terrestrial ecosystems (or parts thereof) as well as weakly buffered surface waters, springs and other streams. Critical levels and loads are also discussed. The most important results are given in chapter 5.In the appendices of the book, so-called umbrella theme reports on deposition, stand modelling and effects on forests are presented which describe in more detail the scientific work performed in the third phase of the DPPA.This book will be of interest to anyone involved in research related to acidification and eutrophication; i.e., not only those who perform the research in the causal chain from emissions to effects, but also policy-makers and students.

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